犬脑外伤超声造影的初步研究

目的探讨灰阶超声造影在实验犬脑外伤诊断中的应用价值。方法 6只实验犬制造脑外伤模型。分别于伤后即刻、伤后15min、伤后30min、伤后1h行二维超声及超声造影检查,观察损伤灶回声、损伤范围,与病理学检查相比较。结果所有动物经病理证实均形成同侧损伤灶,其中脑内血肿2只,脑挫裂伤4只。二维超声脑损伤灶均表现为不规则团状高回声,边界不清;超声造影显示,脑内血肿表现为始终无增强区,边界清楚;脑挫裂伤灶表现为早期无-低增强区,随后周边及内部可见造影剂缓慢少量充盈,增强强度始终低于对侧正常脑实质;脑外伤灶大小超声造影测值与病理标本测值对照,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);伤后30min及伤后1h损伤灶持续增大,与伤后即刻相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论超声造影有助于显示脑损伤范围、类型,超声造影结合常规超声可以实现脑外伤的动态观察。     

常规超声及超声造影在脑外伤中的应用

目的 探讨常规超声及超声造影在脑外伤中的应用价值.方法 ①10只健康犬,麻醉满意后开颅.暴露硬脑膜后以不同外力制造加速性脑损伤模型.对不同病灶行常规超声及灰阶超声造影检查,实验结束后犬脑行病理学检查.②选取13例脑外伤患者行术中超声检查.应用常规超声检测病灶,确定外伤灶的位置、深度、大小、内部回声等.对血肿清除术中出现的急性脑膨出再行超声检查,以检测是否有迟发性血肿出现.选取8例脑外伤患者行术中超声造影检查.结果 ①10只实验犬中共有脑外伤灶12处,选取10处行超声造影检查,证实脑挫裂伤1处,脑挫伤伴出血1处,脑内血肿7处,脑内血肿破人脑室2处,脑内血肿包绕血管1处.②13例患者中,术前CT检查发现病变15处,术中超声发现病变18处.其中,术中超声发现对侧硬膜外血肿4例,1例经CT证实为对侧硬膜外血肿;3例超声诊断为硬膜外血肿后,在超声引导下将血肿清除.脑内血肿造影后边界清晰,出血区表现为无或低增强,而脑挫裂伤挫伤区内有造影剂进入;与二维超声比较,病变区范围变大.结论 常规超声可清晰显示脑外伤灶,并对其进行精确定位.对于术中急性脑膨出,超声可发现颅内迟发性血肿并进行定位,不同类型脑外伤灶其超声造影表现不同.     

家兔VX2肿瘤子宫病灶的超声造影研究

目的探讨家兔VX2肿瘤子宫病灶的超声造影表现。方法 44只成年雌性日本大耳家兔随机分为实验组20只及对照组24只。实验组采用子宫腔及腹腔内瘤块种植法复制家兔VX2肿瘤动物模型,对可疑肿瘤组织进行超声造影增强检查及病理检查,镜下观察确诊是否为肿瘤生长的肿块,对确诊的肿瘤灶分析其超声造影时间-强度曲线;对照组对正常子宫肌层及内膜行超声造影增强检查及病理检查,镜下观察子宫肌层及内膜结构正常者对其超声造影时间-强度曲线进行分析;将实验组与对照组超声造影时间-强度曲线内增强时间、增强强度、增强斜率及消退斜率等参数进行对比分析。结果实验组成功复制家兔子宫及腹腔肿瘤模型16例,肿瘤组织生长时间13-35 d,其中肿瘤坏死较严重者2例,未纳入结果统计;另有麻醉意外死亡者2例,未见肿瘤生长者2例。14例动物模型中获得34个肿瘤灶的超声造影检查及病理检查结果,肿瘤病灶最大径为4-30 mm;肿瘤组织超声造影增强时间、增强强度、增强斜率及消退斜率分别为（3.91±1.59）s、（12.93±2.98）d B、（3.72±1.41）d B/s及（0.20±0.08）d B/s。对照组24只家兔中的44侧子宫超声造影增强检查及病理检查,超声造影增强时间、增强强度、增强斜率及消退斜率分别为（5.64±2.58）s、（12.33±4.66）d B、（2.79±1.71）d B/s及（0.19±0.07）d B/s。实验组超声造影肿瘤组织增强模式与正常子宫差异有统计学意义,增强时间短于正常子宫（t=3.613,P〈0.05）,增强斜率大于正常子宫（t=-2.611,P〈0.05）,呈现快速增强模式,而消退斜率与正常子宫比较差异无统计学意义（t=-0.686,P=0.495）。结论超声造影增强检查可发现实验动物腹腔内小至最长径为4 mm的肿瘤病灶,对早期发现子宫内膜癌腹盆腔淋巴结转移病灶及腹盆腔侵犯肿瘤病灶有指导意义。     

补体C3、C4在家犬脑出血模型中的变化

目的:研究家犬脑出血(ICH)模型补体C3、C4与血肿周围脑水肿的关系。方法:30只家犬随机分为正常对照组、影像组和血肿组3组各10只。正常对照组不予任何处理,影像组和血肿组采用立体定向自体血脑内注入法制备ICH模型。正常对照组和影像组分别于术后6 h、24 h、72 h、5 d、7 d检测外周静脉血C3、C4含量,各时间点行头颅CT扫描并计算水肿比值。血肿组分别于术后6 h、24 h、72 h、5 d、7 d检测血肿液C3、C4含量。各时间点采用Purdy PD评分标准评估神经功能缺损。结果:影像组和血肿组外周血、血肿液补体C3、C4含量术后6 h开始升高,72 h达高峰,之后逐渐下降。影像组、血肿组与正常对照组比较,术后6 h外周血C4差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余同时间点两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ICH后Purdy PD评分即有所下降,72 h下降为最低,之后逐渐升高。结论:ICH后补体C3、C4激活可能参与血肿周围脑水肿形成和继发性脑损害的病理过程。     

Qualitative and Quantitative Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Combined with Conventional Ultrasound for Predicting the Malignancy of Soft Tissue Tumors

This study was aimed at evaluating the performance of perfusion patterns and the quantitative parameters of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the detection of soft tissue tumors (STTs) and establishing a US workflow for STTs to improve patient management. Conventional ultrasound (US) and CEUS data were retrospectively collected from 156 soft tissue masses. Six perfusion patterns (P1–P6) were applied for CEUS qualitative analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the performance of conventional US and qualitative and quantitative CEUS in distinguishing benign and malignant STTs. The malignancy rates of P1–P6 in STTs were 0%, 50.0%, 9.1%, 33.3%, 73.4% and 61.0%, respectively. For "non-P1" STTs, the predictive model combining quantitative CEUS parameters with conventional US features, including margin (odds ratio [OR] = 4.490, p = 0.000), vascular density (OR = 2.307, p = 0.013), 50% wash-out intensity (OR = 1.904, p = 0.032) and 50% wash-out time (OR = 1.031, p = 0.019), performed favorably in predicting malignancy, with an accuracy of 81.0% and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.868. Furthermore, a US workflow for the detection of STTs based on conventional US and CEUS was established. CEUS with qualitative and quantitative analyses could be an effective tool for STT diagnosis. The US workflow in this study may improve the management of STT patients.     

Presentation of Chloromas in B-Mode Ultrasound and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound

Chloromas, also referred to as myeloid sarcomas, describe rare extramedullary tumor aggregates of malignant myeloid progenitor cells. The aim of this study was investigate the diagnostic features and characteristics of chloromas using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Between July 2007 and April 2021, 15 patients with 20 myeloid neoplasms and suspected chloroma manifestations were examined using B-mode US (B-US) and CEUS. Clinical data and B-US (echogenicity, border, size) and CEUS (hyper-, iso-, hypo- or complex enhancement) characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. Absolute and relative frequencies were determined. In B-US, the chloromas were most frequently hypo-echoic (n = 15, 75%). In addition, a hyperechoic (n = 2, 10%) or echocomplex (n = 3, 15%) presentation was observed. On CEUS, 7 chloromas (35%) had an arterial hyperenhancement, 8 (40%) an iso-enhancement and 3 (15%) a complex enhancement. Two chloromas (10%) did not exhibit any enhancement. We describe for the first time CEUS and B-US patterns of chloromas. They are typically hypo-echoic on B-US and have a strong iso- or hyperenhancement on CEUS, which may help in the differential diagnosis of some unclear masses (e.g., hematoma, abscess) in patients with myeloid neoplasias. Nevertheless, histology is necessary for a reliable diagnosis.     

超声造影评价闭合性脾损伤的实验研究

目的探讨超声造影评价闭合性脾损伤的价值。方法20只健康杂种犬,随机分为两组,每组10只,其中一组全身肝素化处理,另一组不进行肝素化处理,采用自制小型撞击器撞击犬体表脾区,建立闭合性脾损伤模型。分别于撞击前、撞击后对脾进行普通二维超声和超声造影检查,实验结束后评估脾损伤情况并与上述检查结果进行对照研究。结果普通二维声像图：脾实质损伤区回声不规则,与正常脾组织界限不清晰,部分可见包膜连续性中断,包膜下及腹腔可见不同程度的积液。超声造影所见：脾实质损伤伴活动性出血时在不同时相的增强特点不同;脾包膜破裂伴活动性出血时,可见微气泡自破裂口向外呈“涌泉状”或“喷射状”移动;脾内血肿形成而止血时,血肿内各时相均未见增强效应。病理检查结果与超声造影结果相关性好。结论超声造影能通过微气泡的增强特征实时判断脾是否存在活动性出血或形成血肿。     

Accuracy of Prenatal Ultrasound in Evaluating Placental Pathology Using Superb Microvascular Imaging: A Prospective Observation Study

Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) is a new Doppler method that enables the visualization of low-velocity blood flow. The aim of the study described here was to clarify whether SMI can detect prenatal pathological findings in pathologic placentas. In this prospective diagnostic observational study, pregnant women who were admitted to our center for perinatal management were enrolled. Ultrasound examinations to identify placental pathologies using SMI were performed before delivery. After delivery, the placental tissue was clipped for microscopic examination at locations determined under ultrasound guidance. The accuracy of prenatal ultrasound detection of placental pathologies was compared between women who were admitted because of fetal growth restriction (FGR), pre-eclampsia and other indications. The highest accuracy was observed with placental infarction in FGR (positive predictive value = 100%, sensitivity = 89%, area under the curve = 0.945). As a result, it became clear that SMI can accurately detect placental pathologic findings, such as placental infarction and avascular villi. This modality may improve perinatal management in cases of placental dysfunction.     

Interventional Ultrasound Assisted Early Local Hemostatic Drug Therapy in Traumatic Intracerebral Hemorrhage

This article aims to test a minimally invasive interventional approach by real-time transcranial contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) through a small bur hole to achieve an early local hemostatic drug therapy in a novel traumatic intracerebral hematoma (ICH) model of pigs with hemostatic abnormalities. The effects of hemostasis in the hemocoagulase atrox (HA) injection group and saline injection group groups were observed by transcranial CEUS at three time points: 0 s, 10 s, 2nd. We successfully established a novel traumatic ICH model of pigs with hemostatic abnormalities by the methods of interventional ultrasound techniques and observed the effect of hemostasis by using HA in a local injection method with the assistance of minimally invasive interventional ultrasound technique. At 0 s, four pigs (100%) were observed that active bleeding was significantly weakened, and the range of hematoma became smaller in the HA group. At 10 s, four pigs (100%) were observed that active bleeding became much weaker, and the range of hematoma became further smaller in the HA group. At 2nd, zero pigs (0/4, 0%) were observed that active bleeding could be clearly identified and four pigs (100%) with ICH could also be observed in the HA group. We believe this useful technique could minimize the invasiveness and be operated at the bedside, which would bring much more benefits for traumatic ICH patients.     

Efficacy of foam rolling with additional vibration stimulation on the mobility of the thoracolumbar fascia. An observational study

IntroductionObservations show that foam rolling improves joint movements. Likewise, it can be stated that a vibration stimulation of the tissue leads to improved joint mobility.MethodThis study investigates whether the combination of foam rolling and vibrations (31 Hz) can influence the sliding of the thoracolumbar fascia more effectively than normal foam rolling. 45 subjects participated in the study and were divided into a foam roll with additional vibration group (FRV), a foam roll group (FR) and a control group (CG). The intervention groups rolled out the gluteal muscles, the lateral trunk and the upper and lower back. Mobility measures were taken pre and post the respective intervention. Subsequent cross correlation software analysis quantified the sliding of the fascia and calculated its shear strain mobility (SSM).ResultsThe sliding of the thoracolumbar fascia improved significantly within the FRV by 2.83 mm (SD ± 1.08/p < .001), in the FR by 0.96 mm (SD ± 0.43/p < .001) and in the CG decreased the sliding by 0.1401 mm (SD ± 0.28/p = .076). The fascia/fascia SSM increased in the FRV by 22.61% (SD ± 15.64/p < .001), in the FR by 11.41% (SD ± 20.38/p = .056) and in the CG decreased the SSM by 0.9473% (SD ± 11.35/p < .751). The lumbar movement increased in both intervention groups, but showed no significant result.ConclusionThe use of a foam roll with additional vibration and standard intervention have increased thoracolumbar fascia sliding and lumbar movements. The improved shear strain mobility can be attributed to the multi-activity of mechanoreceptors, such as Pacini- and Ruffini-Bodies.     

Effects of Noradrenaline and Adenosine Triphosphate on the Degree on Contrast Enhancement in a Rabbit Model of Atherosclerosis during Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography

The aim of the study is to assess the effects of vasoactive agents on the degree of contrast enhancement in experimental atherosclerotic plaque during contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS). Abdominal aortic atherosclerosis was induced in 25 New Zealand white rabbits by a combination of cholesterol-rich diet and balloon endothelial denudation. Standard ultrasonography and CEUS were performed at baseline and during intravenous infusion of noradrenaline or adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The degree of contrast enhancement of the plaque after injection of contrast material was quantified by calculating the enhanced intensity in the plaque. The infusion of noradrenaline induced significant increase in systolic blood pressure (84 ± 13 mm Hg vs. 112 ± 20 mm Hg, p = 0.011) and significant decrease in the enhanced intensity in the plaque (7.52 ± 1.32 dB vs. 5.88 ± 1.33 dB, p < 0.001) during CEUS. The infusion of ATP resulted in the significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (80 ± 13 mm Hg vs. 65 ± 11 mm Hg, p = 0.005) and increase in the enhanced intensity in the plaque (7.52 ± 1.32 dB vs. 8.84 ± 1.55 dB, p < 0.001) during CEUS. The degree of contrast enhancement within an experimental atherosclerotic plaque during CEUS can be influenced by vasoactive agents and hemodynamic status.     

Serum arachidonic acid levels is a predictor of poor functional outcome in acute intracerebral hemorrhage

Background and aimsCorrelations between serum levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA) and dihomogammalinolenic acid (DHLA) and outcomes following cardiovascular disease have been reported. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum levels of PUFAs (including AA) and functional outcomes among intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients.MethodsFrom November 2012 to July 2020, ICH patients within 24 h from onset were enrolled. Patients were divided into a good functional outcome group (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score at 3 months, 0–3) and a poor functional outcome group (mRS score at 3 months, 4–6). We compared baseline variables between groups.ResultsParticipants comprised 133 patients (mean age, 60 years), with 106 patients (80%) in the good functional outcome group and 27 patients (20%) in the poor functional outcome group. Higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and larger hematoma on admission were more frequent in the poor functional outcome group (median NIHSS score 6 vs. 14, p < 0.001; median hematoma volume, 7.5 ml vs. 13.5 ml, p = 0.07). In terms of serum PUFA levels, only median serum AA level was significantly lower in the poor functional outcome group (212 µg/ml vs. 179 µg/ml, p = 0.002). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed lower serum AA level was independently associated with poor functional outcome (odds ratio 0.986, 95% confidence interval 0.976–0.996, p = 0.009).ConclusionLower serum AA level was associated with poor functional outcome in ICH patients. AA may represent an important biomarker of severity among ICH patients.     

Real-Time Ultrasound Perfusion Imaging in Acute Stroke: Assessment of Cerebral Perfusion Deficits Related to Arterial Recanalization

We investigated whether real-time ultrasound perfusion imaging (rt-UPI) is able to detect perfusion changes related to arterial recanalization in the acute phase of middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke. Twenty-four patients with acute territorial MCA stroke were examined with rt-UPI and transcranial color-coded duplex ultrasound (TCCD). Ultrasound studies were consecutively performed within 24 h and 72–96 h after stroke onset. Real-time UPI parameters of bolus kinetics (time to peak, rt-TTP) and of refill kinetics (plateau A and slope β of the exponential replenishment curve) were calculated from regions of interest of ischemic versus normal brain tissue; these parameters were compared between early and follow-up examinations in patients who recanalized. At the early examination, there was a delay of rt-TTP in patients with MCA occlusion (rt-TTP [s]: 13.09 ± 3.21 vs. 10.16 ± 2.6; p = 0.01) and a lower value of the refill parameter β (β [1/s]: 0.62 ± 0.34 vs. 1.09 ± 0.58; p = 0.01) in ischemic compared with normal brain tissue, whereas there were no differences of the parameters A and Axβ. At follow-up, the delay of rt-TTP was reversible once recanalization of an underlying MCA obstruction was demonstrated: rt-TTP [s], 13.09 ± 3.21 at 24 h versus 10.95 ± 1.5 at 72–96 h (p = 0.03). Correspondingly, β showed a higher slope than at the first examination: β [1/s]: 0.55 ± 0.29 at 24 h versus 0.71 ± 0.27 at 72–96 h (p = 0.04). We conclude that real-time UPI can detect hemodynamic impairment in acute MCA occlusion and subsequent improvement following arterial recanalization. This offers the chance for bedside monitoring of the hemodynamic compromise (e.g. during therapeutic interventions such as systemic thrombolysis).     

非常见胰腺肿瘤的超声表现

目的 探讨非常见胰腺肿瘤的超声表现及临床特点.方法 分析总结28例不同病理类型的非常见胰腺肿瘤的超声表现,包括肿瘤声像图特点、与周围血管脏器的关系、肝内外胆管和胰管有无扩张及是否出现黄疸.其中3例进行了超声造影检查.结果 28例均经手术病理证实包括实性假乳头状瘤10例、转移癌6例、无功能性胰岛细胞瘤5例、功能性胰岛细胞瘤5例、导管内乳头状瘤2例.它们在超声声像图上各有其特征性表现,在临床上无黄疸及周围血管脏器的浸润,与原发性胰腺癌表现明显不同.超声造影检查中,2例功能性胰岛细胞瘤动脉相及静脉相均呈高增强;1例转移癌动脉相为高增强,静脉相呈低增强.结论 超声特征性表现有助于诊断不同病理类型的非常见胰腺肿瘤,超声造影为鉴别诊断提供了更多的信息.     

彩色多普勒超声在指导周围血管穿刺性损伤治疗中的价值

目的 探讨彩色多普勒超声在指导周围血管穿刺损伤治疗中的价值.方法 对26例外周血管穿刺损伤引起的血肿、假性动脉瘤和动静脉瘘,采用彩色多普勒超声探查损伤的性质、部位、大小和相邻血管的关系及其血流动力学状态,确定治疗方案.结果 彩色多普勒超声确诊单纯血肿3例、假性动脉瘤19例、股动脉-股静脉瘘4例.根据超声提示的病变大小及周围毗邻关系不同选择不同的治疗方案,其中2例血肿行物理治疗,1例血肿因压迫股静脉而行淤血清除术;6例假性动脉瘤在超声引导下行瘤体内凝血酶注射,13例行手术切除及动脉修补术;4例动静脉瘘行瘘口结扎、血管修补术.结论 彩色多普勒超声为周围血管穿刺损伤的治疗提供准确信息.     

超声造影引导下微波凝固治疗犬Ⅲ～Ⅳ级脾外伤的实验研究

目的探讨超声造影引导下对开放性Ⅲ～Ⅳ级脾外伤出血实验犬微波凝固治疗的应用价值。方法实验选用6只健康杂种犬，全麻状态下开腹并采用锐器在脾内切割15处，建立Ⅲ～Ⅳ级脾外伤伴活动性出血动物模型；超声造影引导下将微波电极准确置入脾内活动性出血部位进行微波凝固治疗。对首次治疗后仍有出血的损伤灶行第2次凝固止血治疗。治疗15～20min后行超声造影检查，对损伤灶内仍有造影剂异常增强区行第3次微波凝固治疗。治疗后1h，观察局部止血情况，并行超声造影及病理学检查判断疗效。结果6只犬15处脾外伤伴活动性出血灶微波治疗后4处完全控制出血，11处损伤灶周边仍可见出血，对仍有出血的损伤灶行第2次凝固治疗；治疗后15～20min，超声造影显示3处损伤灶内可见造影剂的异常增强，行第3次凝固止血治疗。治疗后1h，超声造影显示6只犬15处损伤灶为近似长椭圆形，治疗区内除沿针道走行的散在点线状及不规则的增强区外，其余治疗区表现为无增强，未见活动性出血所致的造影剂异常增强及局部血肿形成。微波治疗区脾组织和血管出现凝固性坏死及血栓形成。结论超声造影引导下微波凝固治疗对Ⅲ～Ⅳ级脾外伤出血有很好的止血效果。微波凝固治疗有望成为脾外伤微创治疗的有效手段之一。     

Mapping genetic influences on ventricular structure in twins

Despite substantial progress in measuring the anatomical and functional variability of the human brain, little is known about the genetic and environmental causes of these variations. Here we developed an automated system to visualize genetic and environmental effects on brain structure in large brain MRI databases. We applied our multi-template segmentation approach termed “Multi-Atlas Fluid Image Alignment” to fluidly propagate hand-labeled parameterized surface meshes, labeling the lateral ventricles, in 3D volumetric MRI scans of 76 identical (monozygotic, MZ) twins (38 pairs; mean age = 24.6 (SD = 1.7)); and 56 same-sex fraternal (dizygotic, DZ) twins (28 pairs; mean age = 23.0 (SD = 1.8)), scanned as part of a 5-year research study that will eventually study over 1000 subjects. Mesh surfaces were averaged within subjects to minimize segmentation error. We fitted quantitative genetic models at each of 30,000 surface points to measure the proportion of shape variance attributable to (1) genetic differences among subjects, (2) environmental influences unique to each individual, and (3) shared environmental effects. Surface-based statistical maps, derived from path analysis, revealed patterns of heritability, and their significance, in 3D. Path coefficients for the ‘ACE’ model that best fitted the data indicated significant contributions from genetic factors (A = 7.3%), common environment (C = 38.9%) and unique environment (E = 53.8%) to lateral ventricular volume. Earlier-maturing occipital horn regions may also be more genetically influenced than later-maturing frontal regions. Maps visualized spatially-varying profiles of environmental versus genetic influences. The approach shows promise for automatically measuring gene–environment effects in large image databases.     

How to manage scaphoid waist fractures? Introduction of pragmatic imaging efficient pathway and literature review of the recent evidence

Introduction and ObjectiveThe scaphoid bone sustains about 90 % of carpal bone fractures and is the second-highest bone at risk of post-traumatic osteonecrosis. Delayed diagnosis and treatment could lead to non-union and advanced carpal bones collapse. This study aimed to introduce an imaging efficient and practical scaphoid waist fracture management pathway (SWFMP) and measure its efficacy in clinical practice.Materials and MethodsThe SWFMP was introduced in January 2020. Suspected occult fractures were approached by early orthopaedic clinical assessment and subsequent urgent MRI scan without repeating scaphoid X-rays. Scaphoid waist fractures displaced < 2 mm were treated with 8 weeks below elbow cast immobilization followed by CT scan if delayed union was suspected. Waist fractures displaced > 2 mm were managed with surgical fixation. Adult patients referred from the emergency department (ED) to the Virtual Fracture Clinic (VFC) with acute scaphoid injury from January 2019 to October 2019 (Pre SWFMP, n = 29), were identified and compared to those managed from January 2020 to October 2020 (Post SWFMP, n = 33).ResultsMean age was 37.9 (SD = 20.61) and 36.2 (SD = 17.06) years in the pre-SWFMP and post-SWFMP cohorts respectively. Fiften patients (51.7%) had the right side affected in the pre-SWFMP cohort and twenty-three patients (69.7%) in the post-SWFMP cohort. Scaphoid X-rays requested by ED have increased from 19 (65.5%) to 31 (94%) and repeated X-rays reduced from 17 (58.6%) to 10 (30.3%) after the introduction of the SWFMP. Mean wrist cast immobilization for patients without scaphoid fractures dropped from 16.9 days (SD = 5.57) to 3.6 days (SD = 6.24) after the SWFMP (p = 0.001). In the pre-SWFMP cohort, 24 patients had no fracture, 4 achieved full healing and 1 developed non-union. In the post-SWFMP cohort, 29 patients had no fracture, 1 achieved full union and delayed union was detected in 3 patients at 8 weeks.ConclusionsThe SWFMP has improved the clinical practice by reducing unnecessary ionizing radiation, unnecessary cast immobilization, and by using a timely fracture fixation intervention.