Folic acid, ascorbic acid and sodium selenite restore the motility of Dictyostelium discoideum inhibited by triethyllead

The effect of triethyllead (TriEL) on motile activity, structure of cytoskeleton and chemotaxis of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae in developing concentration gradients of folic acid (FA) and cAMP has been studied. It was observed that 3 μM TriEL had little or no effect on locomotion and chemotactic response of cells, whereas 5 μM TriEL strongly reduced the motile activity of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae and inhibited their chemotaxis towards cAMP, but not towards FA. FA was found to restore the motile activity of Dictyostelium discoideum, inhibited by TriEL. A similar effect was observed in the presence of other antioxidants, i.e. ascorbic acid and sodium selenite, suggesting that oxidative stress may be involved in the action of TriEL. Moreover, the treatment of Dictyostelium amoebae with 5 μM TriEL caused disruption of microtubules while 3 μM TriEL had little effect on their structure. FA caused restoration of microtubules only in some cells within 1 h of incubation, i.e. when the directional movement of cells towards this chemoattractant was already observed. However, their organization was significantly different from that observed in the untreated cells, suggesting that microtubule undisturbed organisation may be not necessary for Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae locomotion and chemotaxis     

Inhibition of Growth of Dictyostelium discoideum Amoebae by Bisphosphonate Drugs Is Dependent on Cellular Uptake

Purpose. The aim of the study was to determine whether bisphosphonates are internalised by Dictyosteliumamoebae and whether cellular uptake is required for their growth-inhibitory effects. Bisphosphonates inhibit growth of amoebae of the slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum, by mechanisms that appear to be similar to those that cause inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption. Methods. Cell-free extracts prepared from amoebae that had been incubated with bisphosphonates were analysed by ^3lP-n.m.r. spectroscopy or ion-exchange f.p.l.c., to identify the presence of bisphosphonates or bisphosphonate metabolites respectively. The growth-inhibitory effect of bisphosphonates towards Dictyostelium amoebae was also examined under conditions in which pinocytosis was inhibited. Results. All of the bisphosphonates studied were internalised by Dictyostelium amoebae, probably by fluid-phase pinocytosis, and could be detected in cell-free extracts. Amoebae that were prevented from internalising bisphosphonates by pinocytosis were markedly resistant to the growth-inhibitory effects of these compounds. In addition, bisphosphonates encapsulated within liposomes were more potent growth inhibitors of Dictyostelium owing to enhanced intracellular delivery of bisphosphonates. Conclusions. All bisphosphonates inhibit Dictyostelium growth by intracellular mechanisms following internalisation of bisphosphonates by fluid-phase pinocytosis. It is therefore likely that bisphosphonates also affect osteoclasts by interacting with intracellular, rather than extracellular, processes.     

Investigation of the prevalence of tetQ, tetX and tetX1 genes in Bacteroides strains with elevated tigecycline minimum inhibitory concentrations

In this study, the antibiotic susceptibilities to tigecycline and tetracycline of 35 selected Bacteroides fragilis group strains were determined by Etest, and the presence of tetQ, tetX, tetX1 and ermF genes was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). tetQ was detected in all 12 B. fragilis group isolates (100%) exhibiting elevated tigecycline minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) (≥8 μg/mL) as well as the 8 strains (100%) with a tigecycline MIC of 4 μg/mL, whilst tetX and tetX1 were present in 15% and 75% of these strains, respectively. All of these strains were fully resistant to tetracycline (MIC ≥ 16 μg/mL). On the other hand, amongst the group of strains with tigecycline MICs < 4 μg/mL (15 isolates), tetQ, tetX and tetX1 were found less frequently (73.3%, 13.3% and 46.7%, respectively). All but two strains harbouring the tetQ gene in this group were non-susceptible to tetracycline, with a MIC > 4 μg/mL. These data suggest that in most cases tigecycline overcomes the tetracycline resistance mechanisms frequently observed in Bacteroides strains. However, the presence of tetX and tetX1 genes in some of the strains exhibiting elevated MICs for tigecycline draws attention to the possible development and spread of resistance to this antibiotic agent amongst Bacteroides strains. The common occurrence of ermF, tetX, tetX1 and tetQ genes together predicted the presence of the CTnDOT-like Bacteroides conjugative transposon in this collection of Bacteroides strains.     

Identification of Bacteria Isolated from an Oligotrophic Lake with Pesticide Removal Capacities

We studied the growth and capacities for pesticides removal of bacterial strains isolated from the Laguna Grande, an oligotrophic lake at the South of Spain (Archidona, Málaga). Strains were isolated from water samples amended with 10 and 50 g/ml of nine pesticides: organochlorinated insecticides (aldrin and lindane), organophosphorous insecticides (dimetoate, methyl-parathion and methidation), s-triazine herbicides (simazine and atrazine), fungicide (captan) and diflubenzuron (1-(-4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl urea), a chitinase inhibitor. The majority of the strains belonged to the genera Pseudomonas and Aeromonas and only 9% of the total of strains were Gram positive. From all the strains isolated, only 22 showed a wide growth range in all the pesticides tested and 4 of them were chosen for pesticide removal studies. The genetic identification of these strains showed their affiliation to Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus sp. and Exiguobacterium aurantiacum. These last two strains were those that showed the highest pesticide removal capacities and a high bacterial growth.     

Detection of lfrA and tap efflux pump genes among clinical isolates of non-pigmented rapidly growing mycobacteria

This study was performed to detect LfrA and Tap efflux pumps among clinical isolates of non-pigmented rapidly growing mycobacteria (NPRGM). Gene detection was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers designed for each gene. Susceptibility of the strains to doxycycline, tigecycline and ciprofloxacin was analysed using the broth microdilution reference technique. In total, 166 clinical isolates were included in the study. The lfrA gene was detected in four strains (2.4%), comprising two strains of Mycobacterium chelonae (6.7% of this species), one Mycobacterium fortuitum (1.1%) and one Mycobacterium mucogenicum (14.3%). The tap gene was detected in 109 strains (65.7%), comprising 3 Mycobacterium abscessus (33.3%), 12 M. chelonae (40%), 75 M. fortuitum (84.3%), 2 Mycobacterium mageritense (40%), 15 Mycobacterium peregrinum (68.2%), 1 Mycobacterium alvei and 1 Mycobacterium porcinum; no strains of M. mucogenicum were tap-positive. No differences between tap-positive and -negative strains were observed for resistance to doxycycline (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.055). lfrA is rare among clinical isolates of NPRGM, whilst tap is found more commonly. No correlation was detected between the presence of the efflux pumps and resistance to quinolones or tetracyclines.     

碳青酶烯类耐药肺炎克雷伯菌耐药基因检测及同源性分析

目的 探讨浙江省台州医院分离的碳青霉烯类耐药肺炎克雷伯菌（carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia,CRKP）的耐药基因分型,并进行同源性分析。方法 收集浙江省台州医院2017年1月-2017年11月临床分离非重复的41株CRKP,用VITEK-compact2全自动微生物分析仪进行鉴定及药敏试验,质谱仪VITEK MS和纸片扩散法（K-B法）分别对鉴定、药敏进行复核;采用表型筛选试验对试验菌进行产A、B类碳青霉烯酶筛选;PCR检测耐药基因型;目的产物经基因测序和BLAST网上比对确定其基因型;脉冲场凝胶电泳（pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE）分析41株菌株同源性。结果 表型筛选试验提示41株CRKP均产碳青霉烯酶;检出bla_KPC、bla_IMP、bla_NDM基因阳性率分别为95.12%（39/41）,4.88%（2/41）,2.44%（1/41）,未检测到bla_SIM、bla_SPM、bla_VIM、bla_GIM基因;测序结果bla_KPC、bla_NDM、bla_IMP基因型别为bla_KPC-2、bla_NDM-1、bla_IMP-4;PFGE结果可分为A~N共14个谱型,以A型41.46%（17/41）、B型21.95%（9/41）、C型9.76%（4/41）为主,A型主要分布于神经外科,B型、C型主要分布于重症医学科。结论 浙江省台州医院CRKP耐药基因型以bla_KPC-2为主,且存在克隆株传播。医院感染控制部门及临床各科室应引起重视,采取有效措施,控制耐药株的传播。     

Clinical characteristics of infections caused by Tsukamurella spp. and antimicrobial susceptibilities of the isolates

To investigate the clinical and microbiological characteristics of infections caused by Tsukamurella spp., the computerised database of the Bacteriology Laboratory at National Taiwan University Hospital (Taipei, Taiwan) was reviewed retrospectively to identify patients with infections caused by this species during the period January 1997 to December 2008. All of the isolates had been initially misidentified as Rhodococcus spp. Identification of Tsukamurella isolates to species level was carried out by polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of the heat shock protein gene (hsp65) as well as 16S rRNA gene sequencing. During the study period, a total of eight patients with Tsukamurella infection and two patients with Tsukamurella colonisation were identified. Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens (n = 6) was the most prevalent species, followed by Tsukamurella spumae (n = 3) and Tsukamurella pulmonis (n = 1). Keratitis was the most common type of infection (n = 3), followed by catheter-related bloodstream infection (n = 2). One of the patients with Tsukamurella infection died due to bacteraemia; the other seven patients with Tsukamurella infection had favourable outcomes. The three species had different drug susceptibility patterns; T. pulmonis was the most resistant pathogen, with higher minimum inhibitory concentrations of clindamycin (>2 mg/L), erythromycin (2 mg/L) and tetracycline (8 mg/L) than those for the other Tsukamurella spp. In conclusion, strains of Tsukamurella spp., including T. spumae, are uncommon causative agents of ocular infections and bacteraemia in cancer patients. Molecular diagnostic methods are essential to distinguish species in the Tsukamurella genus from species in other phylogenetically related genera such as Rhodococcus.     

Mechanisms of in-vitro-selected daptomycin-non-susceptibility in Staphylococcus aureus

Daptomycin is highly active against Staphylococcus aureus, including multidrug-resistant strains and those with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin. However, daptomycin-non-susceptible (Dap^NS) strains [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) >1 mg/L] have been derived clinically and in vitro. The mechanism(s) by which this occurs is incompletely understood, but existing data indicate that it is multifactorial. Dap^NS derivatives of one laboratory and three clinical strains of S. aureus produced using gradient plates were evaluated. The Dap^NS phenotype included increases in glycopeptide and nisin MICs and in some instances defective autolysis and reduced susceptibility to lysostaphin lysis. Amino acid substitutions in MprF, YycG (WalK), or both, were identified in all Dap^NS strains. Reduced cytochrome c binding and ability of daptomycin to depolarise whole cells correlated with the Dap^NS phenotype, consistent with an increase in cell surface positivity. Gene expression data revealed increased expression of vraS, one member of a two-component system involved in the regulation of cell wall biosynthesis, in three of five Dap^NS strains. The pathway to the Dap^NS phenotype is not linear, as variable genetic and phenotypic changes may result in identical increases in MICs.     

Nanovesicles released by Dictyostelium cells: A potential carrier for drug delivery

Nanovesicles released by Dictyostelium discoideum cells grown in the presence of the DNA-specific dye Hoechst 33342 have been previously shown to mediate the transfer of the dye into the nuclei of Hoechst-resistant cells. The present investigation extends this work by conducting experiments in the presence of hypericin, a fluorescent therapeutic photosensitizer assayed for antitumoral photodynamic therapy. Nanovesicles released by Dictyostelium cells exhibit an averaged diameter between 50 and 150 nm, as measured by transmission cryoelectron microscopy. A proteomic analysis reveals a predominance of actin and actin-related proteins. The detection of a lysosomal membrane protein (LIMP II) indicates that these vesicles are likely generated in the late endosomal compartment. The use of the hypericin-containing nanovesicles as nanodevices for in vitro drug delivery was investigated by fluorescence microscopy. The observed signal was almost exclusively located in the perinuclear area of two human cell lines, skin fibroblasts (HS68) and cervix carcinoma (HeLa) cells. Studies by confocal microscopy with specific markers of cell organelles, provided evidence that hypericin was accumulated in the Golgi apparatus. All these data shed a new light on in vitro drug delivery by using cell-released vesicles as carriers.     

A genetic interaction between NDPK and AMPK in Dictyostelium discoideum that affects motility, growth and development

Many of the expanding roles of nucleoside diphosphate kinase have been attributed to its ability to interact with other proteins. One proposal is an interaction with the cellular energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase, and here, we apply the simple eukaryotic organism, Dictyostelium discoideum as a test model. Stable cotransformants were created in which NDPK expression was knocked down by antisense inhibition, and AMPK activity was chronically elevated either by constitutive overexpression of its active, catalytic domain (AMPK??T) or as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction (created by antisense inhibition of expression of a mitochondrial chaperone protein, chaperonin 60). To investigate a biochemical interaction, transformants were created which contained constructs expressing FLAG-NDPK and hexahistidine-tagged full-length AMPK or AMPK??T. The protein extract from these transformants was used in coimmunoprecipitations. Knock down of NDPK expression suppressed the phenotypic defects that are caused by AMPK hyperactivity resulting either from overexpression of AMPK??T or from mitochondrial dysfunction. These included rescue of defects in slug phototaxis, fruiting body morphology and growth in a liquid medium. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments failed to demonstrate a biochemical interaction between the two proteins. The results demonstrate a genetic interaction between NDPK and AMPK in Dictyostelium in that NDPK is required for the phenotypic effects of activated AMPK. Coimmunoprecipitations suggest that this interaction is not mediated by a direct interaction between the two proteins.     

2018—2020年郑州市第七人民医院血流感染分离菌的分布及耐药性分析

目的 了解血流感染分离菌的分布及耐药特征,为临床防治血流感染提供指导和依据。方法 收集2018年1月—2020年12月郑州市第七人民医院血培养分离的非重复菌株,采用WHONET5.6软件统计菌株的分布及耐药特征。结果 共分离546株菌株,革兰阴性菌302株（55.31%）,革兰阳性菌220株（40.29%）,真菌24株（4.40%）。前6位分离菌依次为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CNS,23.44%）、大肠埃希菌（18.68%）、肺炎克雷伯菌（14.84%）、金黄色葡萄球菌（6.04%）、鲍曼不动杆菌（4.21%）和铜绿假单胞菌（3.85%）。大肠埃希菌对碳青霉烯类最敏感,肺炎克雷菌碳对美罗培南和亚胺培南的耐药率分别为30.86%和35.80%,鲍曼不动杆菌耐药较严重,耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRCNS）和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的检出率分别为72.66%、42.42%,未发现利奈唑胺和万古霉素耐药的葡萄球菌。结论 革兰阴性菌是医院血流感染的主要致病菌,细菌耐药情况复杂,临床要根据药敏结果合理选择抗菌药物。     

Effect of colistin exposure and growth phase on the surface properties of live Acinetobacter baumannii cells examined by atomic force microscopy

The diminishing antimicrobial development pipeline has forced the revival of colistin as a last line of defence against infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative ‘superbugs’ such as Acinetobacter baumannii. The complete loss of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mediates colistin resistance in some A. baumannii strains. Atomic force microscopy was used to examine the surface properties of colistin-susceptible and -resistant A. baumannii strains at mid-logarithmic and stationary growth phases in liquid and in response to colistin treatment. The contribution of LPS to surface properties was investigated using A. baumannii strains constructed with and without the lpxA gene. Bacterial spring constant measurements revealed that colistin-susceptible cells were significantly stiffer than colistin-resistant cells at both growth phases (P < 0.01), whilst colistin treatment at high concentrations (32 mg/L) resulted in more rigid surfaces for both phenotypes. Multiple, large adhesive peaks frequently noted in force curves captured on colistin-susceptible cells were not evident for colistin-resistant cells. Adhesion events were markedly reduced following colistin exposure. The cell membranes of strains of both phenotypes remained intact following colistin treatment, although fine topographical details were illustrated. These studies, conducted for the first time on live A. baumannii cells in liquid, have contributed to our understanding of the action of colistin in this problematic pathogen.     

Class 1 integrons in environmental and clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

The aims of this study were to ascertain the presence and spread of class 1 integrons amongst environmental and clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to characterise their variable regions. A total of 76 isolates (56 clinical and 20 environmental) were studied. The presence of plasmids was explored, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for integron detection. All amplicons were sequenced. PCR detected class 1 integrons in 26 of the 56 clinical isolates; environmental isolates were integron-free. No plasmids were found, thus all the integrons found are possibly on the chromosome. Most isolates presented one amplicon, except PA110514 and PA116136, which showed two PCR products each. Variable regions revealed that 18 strains carried only one gene involved in aminoglycoside resistance, whereas in 3 strains gene cassettes were not found. The most prevalent cassettes amongst isolates were those encoding aminoglycoside adenyltransferase B (aadB). Several of the strains had acquired the same or a highly similar cassette array as those detected in geographically distant P. aeruginosa. This finding suggests that contact with bacterial reservoirs contributes to the evolution of this pathogen towards multiresistance. Empty structures found may represent a reservoir increasing the capacity to adapt to the environment. However, these integrons are not retained when the selective pressure disappears. It is hypothesised that integrons containing gene cassettes are crucial vehicles for the rapid horizontal transfer of resistance. If this is so, reduced use of antibiotics may lead to a significant decrease in the carriage of integrons amongst P. aeruginosa strains.     

A cadmium toxicity assay using stress responsive Caenorhabditis elegans mutant strains

To test the applicability of Caenorhabditis elegans mutant for toxicity screening, the sensitivity of cadmium (Cd) in C. elegans was investigated on 14 mutant strains using median lethal concentration (LC50) tests, with further analysis on growth and reproduction conducted on five selected strains. The 24 h LC50 of Cd observed on the wildtype and mutant strains of C. elegans was in the order of age-1(hx546) > mtl-2(gk125) > sod-3(gk235) > daf-21(p673) > cyp35a2(gk317) > skn-1(or13) > daf-12(rh62rh157) > hsp-16.2(gk249) > daf-18(e1375) > ctl-2(ok1137) > wildtype(N2) > sod-1(or13) > daf-16(mu86) > cep-1(gk138) > cdr-2(ok1996). Compared to the wildtype response, a decreased reproduction potential was observed in mtl-2(gk125), sod-3(gk235), cdr-2(ok1996) and cep-1(gk138) strains. To gain a mechanistic understanding of different sensitivities of the mutant strains, a time-course gene expression analysis was also performed on the five genes. A dramatic increase in the expression of the mtl-2 gene due to Cd exposure confirmed the importance of this gene in C. elegans Cd toxicity. An increased expression of the sod-3 gene at the longer exposure time period (48 h) suggests that oxidative stress may not be a direct toxic mechanism, but may rather be a consequence of Cd toxicity. Even though, LC50 values for the age-1(hx546) mutant strain were the highest among the tested strains, the response on the reproduction potential in age-1(hx546) mutant was unchanged compared to the wildtype, and the age-1 gene expression remained unaltered on exposure to Cd, which may be interpreted as the maintenance of age-1 expression level is needed for the exertion of Cd toxicity; however, the role of the age-1 gene in Cd toxicity may not be via a reproduction-related pathway. The overall results suggest that the C. elegans mutant assay seems to be a promising tool for the study of toxic mechanisms, as well as for toxicity screening in ecotoxicological research.     

2012—2020年泰达国际心血管病医院心血管疾病患者血流感染病原菌分布和耐药性分析

目的 分析泰达国际心血管病医院心血管疾病患者发生血流感染的病原菌分布及耐药特征,为临床合理应用抗菌药物提供依据.方法 对2012年1月—2020年12月泰达国际心血管病医院血流感染病原菌的分布及耐药性进行回顾性分析.结果 共检出病原菌234株,其中革兰阴性菌133株,构成比为56.8％,主要为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和...     

2013-2015年南通市第一人民医院儿童肺炎支原体感染病原菌的分布及耐药性分析

目的 调查2013-2015年南通市第一人民医院儿童肺炎支原体感染病原菌的分布及其耐药性.方法 选择2013年1月-2015年12月南通市第一人民医院儿科住院患儿950例,分析患儿的年龄、性别、疾病类型、季节分布,肺炎支原体对常用抗菌药物的耐药性及基因突变情况.结果 950例患儿送检样本中检测出120例阳性肺炎支原体,检出率为12.63%.其中0~6个月婴儿的肺炎支原体阳性检出率最低,3~14岁患儿的检出率最高;55例男患儿检测出阳性肺炎支原体,检出率为10.19%,65例女患儿检测出阳性肺炎支原体,检出率为15.85%;上呼吸道感染患儿阳性检出率为20.00%,下呼吸道感染患儿阳性检出率为10.97%;夏季患儿出现肺炎支原体感染的阳性检出率为17.52%,高于春、秋、冬季;肺炎支原体对吉他霉素、氧氟沙星、克林霉素、加替沙星、左氧氟沙星及多西环素敏感率较高,对其他抗菌药物的敏感率较低;120株标本中耐药组有34株,非耐药组有86株,其中耐药组有21株发生基因突变,非耐药组有10株发生基因突变,基因突变率显著低于耐药组.结论 南通市第一人民医院儿童肺炎支原体感染多发生在3~14岁上呼吸道感染的儿童,夏季发生率较高,临床上应根据致病菌株及耐药情况选择针对性抗菌药物,避免抗生素的滥用.     

Prevalence and characterization of the mechanisms of macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin resistance in viridans group streptococci

The presence of erm genes conferring constitutive and inducible resistance, as well as that of the mefA gene conferring only constitutive resistance, was investigated using PCR in 70 erythromycin resistant (MIC≥1 mg/l) strains of viridans group streptococci (VGS) (18 Streptococcus mitis biotype 1, 16 S. mitis biotype 2, 15 S. oralis, 12 S. salivarius and nine S. sanguis) isolated from the oropharynx of healthy Greek children. All of the 56 isolates belonging to resistance phenotype M harbored the mefA gene. All of the 14 isolates constitutively resistant to macrolides and lincosamides (phenotype CR) harbored the ermB gene. Co-presence of both genes was not observed, whereas class A erm gene (previously known as ermTR) was not detected. Our results are consistent with a possible role of VGS as a reservoir of resistance genes now prevalent in pathogenic species of streptococci.     

2015-2020年新郑市人民医院妇科肿瘤术后患者医院感染的病原菌分布和耐药情况分析

目的 探讨新郑市人民医院妇科肿瘤术后发生医院感染的病原菌情况。方法 选取2015年9月-2020年9月在新郑市人民医院接受妇科肿瘤手术的120例患者的治疗资料进行分析。结果 妇科肿瘤术120例患者总计检出病原菌208株,革兰阴性菌134株（64.42%）,革兰阳性菌60株（28.85%）,真菌14株（6.73%）。大肠埃希菌耐药性较高的药物依次为头孢曲松（59.09%）、复方新诺明（56.82%）、环丙沙星（54.55%）,对替加环素为0。肺炎克雷伯菌耐药性较高的药物依次为阿莫西林（71.42%）、头孢曲松（42.86%）、头孢噻肟（39.29%）,最低为替加环素（3.57%）。铜绿假单胞菌耐药性较高的药物依次为头孢曲松（81.25%）、复方新诺明（81.25%）、阿莫西林（68.75%）。鲍氏不动杆菌耐药性较高的药物依次为亚胺培南（100%）、哌拉西林（92.86%）、头孢吡肟（85.71%）。从主要革兰阳性菌对抗菌药物的耐药性来看,金黄色葡萄球菌对氨苄西林（90.00%）、复方新诺明（90.00%）耐药率较高。表皮葡萄球菌对青霉素（81.82%）、四环素（81.82%）耐药率较高。结论 妇科肿瘤手术后感染的发生与多种病原菌有关,主要为革兰阴性菌,不同病原菌的耐药性存在差异,临床治疗方案需要全面评估感染情况,保证用药方案的科学合理,并注重监测,结合病原学证据及时调整治疗方案。     

2020—2022年清镇市第一人民医院妊娠期妇女尿路感染病原菌构成特点及耐药性分析

目的 探讨清镇市第一人民医院妊娠期妇女尿路感染病原菌的构成特点及耐药性,为临床治疗提供参考。方法 收集2020年1月—2022年12月清镇市第一人民医院疑为尿路感染妊娠期妇女清洁中段尿标本,使用法国梅里埃VITEK-2Compact或VITEK MS质谱仪进行病原菌鉴定和抗生素最低抑菌浓度（MIC）检测,根据美国临床试验室标准化研究所（CLSI）的标准判断药敏结果,采用WHONET 5.6和SPSS 20.0软件进行数据统计。结果 共检出384株病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌占84.9%(326株);革兰阳性菌占13.3%(51株),念珠菌占1.8%(7株),病原菌以大肠埃希菌（297株,占77.3%）和无乳链球菌（30株,占7.8%）最为常见。大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、复方磺胺甲噁唑、头孢唑啉、环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星的耐药率高于70.0%,对呋喃妥因、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星和头孢替坦的耐药率低于10.0%,多重耐药菌株占42.1%;无乳链球菌对四环素和克林霉素的耐药率高于65.0%,对青霉素、氨苄西林、喹努普汀/达福普汀、替加环素、利奈唑胺和万古霉素的耐药率为0。结论 妊娠...