18F-FDG PET/CT显像在进展期前列腺癌诊断和分期中的应用

目的探讨^18F-FDG PET/CT显像在进展期前列腺癌诊断和分期中的临床价值.方法20例临床进展期前列腺癌患者行^18F-FDG PET/CT全身显像,同时行B超和骨扫描检查.结果①9例未经治疗者中^18F-FDG PET/CT确诊8例;全雄激素阻断治疗（MAB）后前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）值较稳定者及逐渐升高者共5例,PET/CT均准确显示;6例MAB反应良好者,^18F-FDG PET/CT示其病灶均无放射性浓聚（即阴性）.②6例盆腔淋巴结转移和6例骨转移者中^18F-FDG PET/CT分别发现5例和4例,假阴性者均为MAB后反应良好患者.结论^18F-FDG PET/CT显像是评估进展期前列腺癌激素治疗效果的无创性检查方法,有利于未治疗、激素治疗有部分反应及激素难治性进展期前列腺癌的诊断和临床分期.     

18↑F-FDG PET/CT显像在软组织肿瘤诊断中的应用

目的探讨18氟脱氧葡萄糖（18↑F-FDG）PET/CT显像在软组织肿瘤诊断中的临床应用价值。方法软组织肿瘤患者65例,静脉注射18↑F-FDG后PET/CT显像。经衰减校正后行目测法和半定量分析法测定病灶的最大标准摄取值（SUVm ax）进行图像分析,并与病理检查结果对照。结果根据病理结果目测法发现局部软组织病灶47例,其中良性5例、恶性42例,淋巴结转移6例、骨转移10例、软组织转移7例、肺转移10例。目测法发现局部病灶的准确性、灵敏性均为100%,诊断转移病灶的准确性、灵敏性、特异性分别为96.9%、100%、95.1%。36.9%的病例根据PET/CT结果改变肿瘤分期。半定量分析对鉴别软组织恶性肿瘤的准确性、灵敏性、特异性分别为85.1%、92.9%和20%。结论在软组织肿瘤诊断中18↑F-FDG PET/CT显像是一种无创性、高灵敏性的检查,特别是对确定软组织肉瘤的分期。     

氟脱氧葡萄糖F18正电子发射体层摄影术在肺癌诊断及分期中的价值

目的　探讨氟脱氧葡萄糖F18正电子发射体层摄影术(18FFDGPET)在肺癌诊断及分期中的价值。方法　94例疑诊为肺部肿瘤的患者进行了CT、18FFDGPET全身或局部检查,并对这些患者手术切除及活检的组织标本及痰液、胸腔积液的细胞标本进行了病理学检查。18FFDGPET图像分析采取单纯标准摄取值(SUV)法及目测与SUV值结合两种方法进行。SUV值法判定标准为:SUV值>25为恶性病灶,SUV值≤25为良性病灶;目测与SUV值结合法:根据病灶18FFDG摄取量与纵隔血池结构相比,并考虑SUV值、病变大小、形态及病史资料做出诊断。以病理及试验性治疗结果为确诊标准,分别计算18FFDGPET及CT在病变的定性、纵隔淋巴结转移、全身远端转移方面的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值,同时对18FFDGPETSUV值法与目测结合SUV值法的诊断效能进行比较。结果　(1)确诊情况:本组58例患者肺部病灶经组织病理学或细胞病理学检查证实为恶性;36例经病理检查或试验治疗证实为良性。(2)定性诊断:CT对肺部肿块定性诊断的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性及阴性预测值分别为:69%、65%、68%、82%、49%;18FFDGPET单纯SUV法分别为91%、89%、90%、93%和87%,目测+SUV值法分别为95%、94%、95%、97%和92%。(3)纵隔淋巴结转移:34例病理证实有纵隔淋巴结转移     

FDG PET-CT显像在肺癌治疗后随访中的初步应用

采用FDG PET-CT显像对36例肺癌治疗患者进行6个月～3a疗效随访观察。结果发现12例有远处转移,6例在原发肿瘤病灶区域复发。同期CT检查,发现远处转移8例,局部复发2例。认为FDG PET-CT显像对监测治疗后肺癌的复发或转移有较大的临床应用价值。     

18F-FDG PET/CT双时相显像在肝癌诊断中的应用价值探讨

目的 本研究的目的是探讨¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT双时相显像在不同类型肝细胞癌（HCC）诊断中的不同表现,以提高该方法诊断的灵敏度和特异度。方法 对经病理学检查确诊的小肝癌、结节型肝癌和巨块型肝癌各40例进行回顾性评价。使用德国Siemens Biograph Turepoint 40 PET/CT 成像仪和¹⁸氟-脱氧葡萄糖（¹⁸F-FDG）对所有病例进行PET/CT显像检查,依托半定量评估基础,计算最大标准摄入值（SUVmax）。结果 在40例小肝癌患者中,21例（52.5%）、在40例结节型肝癌中,24例（60.0%）和40例巨块型肝癌中,37例（92.5%）病灶延迟相SUVmax较早期相升高（F=16.714,P=0.000）;小肝癌患者早期相和延迟相SUVmax分别为3.99±1.40和4.17±1.99（t=-1.406,P=0.168）,结节型肝癌患者早期相和延迟相SUVmax分别为5.04±1.87和5.23±2.25（t=-1.364,P=0.180）,巨块型肝癌患者早期相和延迟相SUVmax分别为6.98±2.57和8.10±3.11（t=-4.119,P=0.000）,后者差异有统计学意义;三种类型肝癌之间早期相SUVmax值存在差异（F=22.765,P=0.000）,延迟相SUVmax值也存在差异（F=26.435,P=0.000）。结论 在HCC,随肿瘤直径的增大,双时相显像诊断的可能性增大。     

18F-FDG PET/CT纳入肝细胞癌肝移植标准的趋势与价值

肝移植是治疗肝细胞癌(HCC)的有效方法,为降低HCC肝移植术后可能出现较高肿瘤复发率,有学者率先提出著名的Milan标准。但该标准过于严格,部分患者因其肿瘤病变较大或多个结节,虽其生物行为相对“温良”,也被排除在等待肝移植名单之外,随之世界各地出现了众多的“扩大Milan版标准”。HCC组织病理学的微血管侵犯(MVI)、肿瘤组织低分化与HCC肝移植术后较高复发率有显著相关性。复习总结了近年来国内外18氟-脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)PET/CT在HCC肝移植方面的应用文献,发现18F-FDG在HCC病变部位不同的摄取程度,反映了肿瘤组织生物学行为特征即侵袭性的差异;18F-FDG高摄取与HCC病变的MVI、低分化呈正相关;18F-FDG还能敏感、准确地发现HCC肝外转移灶。认为术前18F-FDG PET/CT结果对HCC肝移植预后评估有巨大价值,将其结果纳入HCC肝移植标准是趋势所归,也有望统一“扩大Milan版标准”。建议新的肝移植标准可定义为,原则上遵循Milan标准;对超出Milan标准者,满足HCC病变18F-FDG PET/CT阴性,且排除大血管侵犯和肝外转移。     

^18F-FDG PET／CT显像监测卵巢癌患者术后复发／转移的临床价值分析

目的 探讨18-氟代脱氧葡萄糖（^18F-FDG）PET／CT显像在卵巢癌术后监测中的价值。方法回顾性分析19例卵巢癌术后患者的全身PET／CT显像结果,并以病理和随访诊断结果为标准计算其诊断卵巢癌复发／转移的灵敏度、特异性等。结果 “F-FDGPET／CT显像预测卵巢癌术后复发／转移的灵敏度为100．O％（14／14）、特异性为60．0％（3／5）、阳性预测值为87．5％（14／16）、阴性预测值为100．O％（3／3）。结论”F-FDGPET／CT显像对监测卵巢癌术后复发／转移的价值优于传统影像学方法,与血清癌胚抗原（CAl25）联合检查可早期检出复发／转移灶。     

18F-FDG PET-CT显像在胰腺转移癌中的应用价值

目的 分析胰腺转移癌的PET-CT表现,提高对该病变的检出率.方法 回顾性分析31例经临床确诊的胰腺转移癌的PET-CT图像,并与26例胰腺原发癌进行比较.由两位经验丰富的专科医师在融合图像上确定病灶所在位置,经过帧对帧的图像分析,确认病灶放射性摄取明显高于周围正常胰腺者为阳性.沿PET所示病灶边缘勾画感兴趣区,由工作站自动算出最大标准摄取值（SUVmax）,SUVmax＞ 2.5为阳性病灶.结果 31例胰腺转移癌的原发灶为肺癌22例,胃癌及结肠癌各2例,上颌窦癌、甲状腺癌、黑色素瘤、胆囊癌及肾癌各1例.21例（67.7％）为单发,10例（32.3％）为多发或弥漫性病灶.单发病灶中7例（33.3％）位于胰头颈部,14例（66.7％）位于胰体尾部.26例原发胰腺癌18例（69.2％）位于胰头颈部,8例（30.8％）位于胰体尾部.胰腺转移癌与原发癌的发生部位差异具有统计学意义（x2 =6.102,P=0.014）.CT平扫仅发现17例胰腺有病灶,呈结节状,略低密度,大部分病灶边界欠清晰.31例转移性胰腺癌PET显像均显示病灶,平均SUVmax为7.42±3.48,显著高于胰腺原发癌的5.39±1.71 （F=4.87,P=0.032）.此外,PET-CT同时发现30例有其他脏器或淋巴结转移.结论 18F-FDG PET-CT在检出并诊断胰腺转移癌中有毋庸置疑的优势.     

PET-CT显像在直肠癌术后局部复发诊断中的价值

目的评价^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET—CT定性及半定量显像技术在直肠癌术后局部复发诊断中的临床价值。方法对20例临床可疑直肠癌术后局部复发的患者行全身^18F—FDGPET—CT显像，将显像结果与病理组织学及临床随访结果对比。结果病理组织学及临床随访证实，局部复发15例。采用定性方法诊断直肠癌术后局部复发的灵敏性和特异性分别为100％、60％。采用半定量法显示恶性肿瘤的标准摄取值（SUV，范围为2．7～17．2，平均9．9）明显高于良性病变者（SUV为1．3～4．0，平均2．6），诊断直肠癌术后局部复发的灵敏性和特异性分别为100％、80％。结论全身^18F—FDGPET-CT显像有利于直肠癌术后局部复发的定性及定位诊断；半定量方法较定性法更具有特异性。     

18F-FDG PET/CT对显像阳性原发性肝癌125I粒子植入治疗疗效价值的评估

目的:探讨<'18>F-FDG PET/CT对显像阳性的原发性肝癌行<'125>I粒子植入治疗疗效价值的评价.方法:原发性肝癌患者39例,共55个肿瘤病灶,均于放射性<'125>I粒子植入治疗前确定病灶为<'18>F-FDG PET/CT显像阳性;放射性<'125>I粒子植入治疗后2 mo行PET/CT检查评价疗效,之...     

Diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in discriminating between benign and malignant lesions of the ribs

Purpose:Imaging biomarkers for rib mass are needed to optimize treatment plan. We investigated the diagnostic value of metabolic and volumetric parameters from ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in discriminating between benign and malignant lesions of the ribs.Patients and methods:Fifty-seven patients with pathologically proven diagnosis of rib lesions were retrospectively enrolled. The size of rib lesions, the maximum, mean, and peak standardized uptake value (SUVmax, SUVmean, SUVpeak), tumor-to-background ratio (TBR), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesions glycolysis (TLG) were measured. The FDG uptake patterns (segmental and discrete) and CT findings (soft tissue involvement and fracture) were also reviewed.Results:Among the multiple parameters extracted from PET/CT, the MTV of malignant lesions was significantly higher than that of benign lesions (median; 4.7 vs 0.2, respectively, P = .041). In receiver operating characteristics curve analysis, MTV had the largest area under curve of 0.672 for differentiating malignant from benign lesions. For identifying malignant lesions, an MTV threshold of 0.5 had a sensitivity of 85.0%, specificity of 47.1%, positive predictive value of 79.1%, negative predictive value of 57.1%, and accuracy of 73.7%. The presence of adjacent soft tissue involvement around rib lesions showed a significant association with malignancy (odds ratio = 6.750; 95% CI, 1.837–24.802, P = .003).Conclusions:The MTV is a useful PET/CT parameter for assisting in the differential diagnosis of suspected malignant lesions of the ribs. CT finding of adjacent soft tissue involvement around rib was significantly associated with malignant lesions of the ribs.     

18F-FDG PET脑显像SPM分析法在颞叶内侧癫痫术前定位中的价值

目的探讨18F-FDG PET脑显像像素统计参数图（SPM）法在颞叶内侧癫痫术前定位中的价值。方法对17例颞叶内侧癫痫患者行脑18F—FDG PET检查,对其所有PET图像进行感兴趣区（ROI）法及SPM分析法比较。SPM分析法所用健康对照组选自同期于本中心健康查体者20例。结果ROI法对癫痫灶准确定侧率为70．6％,准确定位率为29．4％;SPM法分别为70．6％、47．1％。二者准确定位率比较,P〈0．05。SPM法发现双侧颞叶代谢异常9例（52．9％）,伴额、顶叶皮层代谢异常者12例（70．6％）。结论18F-FDG PET脑显像SPM法是一种简便、客观、有效的颞叶癫痫灶定位方法,且有助于发现脑代谢异常。     

鼻型结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤PET/CT表现及临床分析

目的:用18F-FDG PET/CT精确揭示鼻型结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤患者的病灶,探讨病变范围与相关临床指标的关系。方法:22例初诊鼻型结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤患者治疗前行18F-FDG PET/CT检查,分析鼻、咽部及全身病灶累及范围及播散规律,并分析不同病变范围患者之间ALB、LDH、β2-MG、SUVmax、B症状发生率之间的差异。结果:18F-FDG PET/CT发现每位患者至少有一处病灶,原发病灶在鼻腔、鼻咽、口咽部者分别占81.9%、9.1%、9.1%。病变累及最多的部位为鼻腔(95.5%,21/22)、鼻咽(54.5%,12/22)、左颈部淋巴结(40.9%,9/22)、右颈部淋巴结(40.9%,9/22)、口咽(36.4%,8/22)等。鼻、咽部原发病灶可向邻近部位播散,也可沿淋巴结群依次播散,还可以跳跃方式向远处器官播散。病灶范围较广者组,SUVmax值显著增加,血清β2-MG升高者比例也显著增加。结论:18F-FDG PET/CT能精确发现鼻型结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤患者鼻、咽部及全身病灶,血清β2-MG水平也能反映病灶的累及范围。     

Comparison of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging with different dual time 18F-FDG PET/CT with forced diuresis in clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer

The aim of this study was to compare the capability of different dual time (interval 1, 2, 3, or 4 hours) 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with forced diuresis to diagnose prostate cancer (PCa). A retrospective review of 273 male patients from March 2009 to June 2019, with any focal ¹⁸F-FDG uptake in the prostate gland during PET/CT imaging. Early PET/CT imaging was performed 60 minutes after FDG injection. Delayed imaging was performed 1 to 4 hours after diuretic injection. For prostate lesions with increased ¹⁸F-FDG uptake, a spheroid-shaped volume of interest was drawn, including the entire lesion, and the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) of the lesion was measured. The SUVmax > 2.5 after delayed imaging and the retention index > 15% were used as the diagnostic criteria for PET/CT in the diagnosis of PCa. Otherwise, it was diagnosed as the benign prostate disease. The final diagnosis was based on histological examination, associated imaging studies, or/and clinical follow-up. The results of inter-group comparison showed that the SUVmax of 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-hour delayed imaging after diuresis in PCa group was significantly higher than that in control group (P < .05), but there was no statistical difference in SUVmax of early imaging between PCa and control group (P > .05). And the retention index of PCa group that delayed 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after diuresis were significantly higher than those of control group, respectively (P < .05). The diagnostic sensitivity of imaging delayed 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours after diuresis was 68.8%, 81.2%, 85.7 %, and 71.4%, the specificity was 52.5%, 74.5%, 70.6%, and 65.0%, and the accuracy was respectively 58.2%, 77.4%, 76.4%, and 67.6%, the positive predictive values were 44.0%, 68.9%, 64.3%, and 58.8%, and the negative predictive value were 75.6%, 85.4%, 88.9%, and 76.5%, respectively. ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT imaging as an imaging tool lacks certain specificity in the diagnosis of PCa, regardless of whether the imaging is delayed. The main advantage of delayed diuretic imaging in PCa is that it can significantly improve the sensitivity, especially the diagnostic effect delayed 2 hours after diuresis is better.     

18F-FDG PET/CT显像判断乳腺癌复发及转移的价值

目的探讨^18F-FDG PET/CT显像判断乳腺癌复发和转移的临床价值.方法28例手术治疗后临床疑有肿瘤复发或转移的乳腺癌患者均进行^18F-FDG PET/CT全身显像,应用目测法和半定量分析法判断结果（标准摄取值,SUV）.结果病理、活检、细胞学检查等证实17例有局部复发和（或）转移,^18F-FDG PET/CT显像正确诊断16例,检测灵敏度、特异性（94.12%,90.91%）明显高于传统影像学方法;在62个肿瘤复发和（或）转移灶中,PET/CT及常规影像学检查检出率分别为91.94%（57/62）、72.58%（45/62）,P＜0.05.结论^18F-FDG PET/CT显像是早期诊断乳腺癌复发和（或）转移良好的、无创性方法.     

~(18)F-FDG符合线路SPECT显像在非霍奇金淋巴瘤预后评估中的作用

目的:探讨18F-脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)符合线路单光子发射计算机断层显像(SPECT)在淋巴瘤预后评估中的应用价值。方法:回顾分析52例非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)患者治疗前和4程化疗后18F-FDG符合线路SPECT显像结果,治疗后18F-FDG符合线路SPECT显像反应按照完全缓解(CR)、部分缓解(PR)或无反应(NR)评分。联合使用国际预后指数(IPI)和治疗后18F-FDG符合线路显像SPECT反应评估患者的无失败生存率(FFS)。结果:4程化疗后,18F-FDG符合线路显像反应CR的患者34例,2年FFS是75%;PR患者12例,2年FFS是41%,未缓解6例,2年FFS是0,23例患者疾病进展或复发。18F-FDG符合线路显像反应CR、PR和NR的患者之间的FFS明显不同(P<0.01)。将18F-FDG符合线路SPECT显像反应与IPI相联合,至少分为明显不同的4组,联合危险度评分(CRS)0～1(14例患者)2年FFS77%,CRS2～3(26例患者)2年FFS64%,CRS4(8例患者)2年FFS25%和CRS5～6(5例患者)2年FFS为0,4组患者的2年FFS明显不同(P<0.01)...     

~（18）F-FDG PET/CT扫描对孤立性肺结节病诊断价值的探讨

目的本文运用18F-FDG PET/CT对孤立性肺结节病进行扫描来探讨其诊断价值。方法患者禁食6小时以上,按0.12 mci/kg经静脉注入18F-FDG示踪剂于体内。注射前监测血糖,需要注射胰岛素控制血糖在≤7.8 mmol以下,再行静脉注入18F-FDG示踪剂。注射后平静休息60 min,然后,在自然平静呼吸下行全身GE Discovery LS PET/CT扫描仪检查。结果病理检查显示21例诊断肺癌,8例为良性肿瘤;PET/CT扫描检查显示23例诊断肺恶性肿瘤,6例患者为良性肿瘤。结论 18F-FDG-PET/CT显像对SPN有很好的诊断价值,能进一步提高诊断的准确率,值得临床广泛开展。     

Cerebellum/liver index in pretherapeutic 18F-FDG PET/CT as a predictive marker of progression-free survival in follicular lymphoma treated by immunochemotherapy and rituximab maintenance

The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of the “cerebellum/ liver index for prognosis” (CLIP) as a new prognostic marker in pretherapeutic ¹⁸F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET) in patients with follicular lymphoma treated by immunochemotherapy and rituximab maintenance, focusing on progression-free survival (PFS).Clinicobiological and imaging data from patients with follicular lymphoma between March 2010 and September 2015 were retrospectively collected and 5-year PFS was determined. The conventional PET parameters (maximum standardized uptake value and total metabolic tumor volume) and the CLIP, corresponding to the ratio of the cerebellum maximum standardized uptake value over the liver SUVmean, were extracted from the pretherapeutic ¹⁸F-FDG PET.Forty-six patients were included. Eighteen patients (39%) progressed within the 5 years after treatment initiation. Five-year PFS was 78.6% when CLIP was >4.0 and 42.0% when CLIP was <4.0 (P = .04). CLIP was a significant predictor of PFS on univariate analysis (hazard ratio 3.1, P = .049) and was near-significant on multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 2.8, P = .07) with ECOG PS as a cofactor.The CLIP derived from pretherapeutic ¹⁸F-FDG PET seems to be an interesting predictive marker of PFS in follicular lymphoma treated by immunochemotherapy and rituximab maintenance. These results should be evaluated prospectively in a larger cohort.     

Assessment of the viability and treatment response of bone metastases in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer using choline PET/CT

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical use of choline-PET/CT for discriminating viable progressive osteoblastic bone metastasis from benign osteoblastic change induced by the treatment effect and evaluating the response of bone metastasis to treatment in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. Thirty patients with mCRPC underwent a total of 56 ¹¹C-choline-PET/CT scans for restaging, because 4 patients received 1 scan and 26 had 2 scans. Using 2 (pre- and post-treatment) ¹¹C-choline-PET/CT examinations per patient, treatment response was assessed according to European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) criteria in 20 situations, in which only bony metastases were observed on ¹¹C-choline-PET/CT scans. Viable bone metastases and osteoblastic change induced by the treatment effect were identified in 53 (94.6%) and 29 (51.8%) of 56 ¹¹C-choline-PET/CT scans, respectively. In 27 cases (48.2%), ¹¹C-choline-PET/CT scans could discriminate the 2 entities. The mean SUVmax of the metastatic bony lesions was 5.82 ± 3.21, 5.95 ± 3.96, 6.73 ± 5.04, and 7.91 ± 3.25 for the osteoblastic, osteolytic, mixed, and invisible types, respectively. Of the 20 situations analyzed, CMR, PMR, SMD, and PMD, as determined by the EORTC, were seen in 1, 2, 3, and 14 cases, respectively. Of the 13 patients with increasing PSA trend, all 13 showed PMD. Of the 2 patients with PSA response of <50%, both 2 showed SMD. Of the 5 patients with PSA response of ≥50%, 1 showed CMR, 2 showed PMR, 1 showed SMD, and 1 showed PMD. Choline-PET/CT is very useful to discriminate viable progressive osteoblastic bone metastasis from osteoblastic change, and assess treatment response of bone metastases in mCRPC.