数字X线摄影组织均衡技术在鼻骨外伤诊断中的价值

目的:探讨数字X线摄影(DR)组织均衡技术在鼻骨外伤诊断中的价值。方法:回顾性分析100例鼻骨外伤患者的常规条件DR摄影图像和通过组织均衡技术进行处理的图像,比较两组图像的差别,由3位影像学专家采用双盲法对不同方法产生的图像质量进行评价,主观图像质量分3级(优质、标准、可接受)进行评分。结果:100例应用组织均衡技术得到优质图像75例,标准图像17例,可接受图像8例;而常规条件摄影的优质图像为9例,标准图像18例,可接受图像73例。两种方法产生的图像质量差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:运用组织均衡技术能使鼻骨的图像质量明显提高,将低密度的鼻骨与软组织以及高密度的头颅骨、眼眶同时显示,图像层次丰富,对清晰显示侧位鼻骨极有价值。     

组织均衡技术在髋关节水平侧位数字X线摄影中的应用

目的:探讨组织均衡技术在髋关节水平侧位数字X线摄影中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析我院200例行髋关节DR水平侧位摄影患者的常规图像和经过组织均衡技术处理过的图像,分析2组图像的差别。由3位影像科专家采取双盲法对2种方法产生的图像进行评价,主观图像质量分4级(优质、较好、一般、差)进行评分。结果:200例应用组织均衡技术后图像为优质174例,较好23例,一般3例,差0例,优质图像占87.0%;常规DR图像中优质22例,较好141例,一般37例,差0例,优质图像占11.0%;2种方法产生的图像质量差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论:组织均衡技术的应用在显示髋关节的细部结构完整性和清晰度方面都较常规DR图像有优势,避免了反复调节窗宽、窗位,提高了工作效率,可为临床提供更丰富的诊断信息。     

常规数字化X线摄影与组织均衡技术在鼻骨外伤诊断的比较

目的：探讨数字化X线摄影（DR）中组织均衡技术在鼻骨外伤诊断中的应用价值。方法：对94例鼻骨外伤患者分别行常规鼻骨侧位摄片,对直接获得的图像和采用组织均衡技术进行后处理获得的图像进行比较,比较两组影像的图像质量情况。结果：常规摄影技术得到的图像需反复调节不同的窗宽、窗位,才能显示密度、厚度不同的鼻骨与软组织;组织均衡技术可在同一帧图像上清晰显示鼻骨及其邻近软组织。结论：采用组织均衡技术能将密度和厚度不同的鼻骨及其邻近组织在同一帧图像上清晰显示。     

直接数字化X线摄影在胸部的应用

目的 :探讨直接数字化胸部X线摄影 (DR)技术的应用价值。材料和方法 :对 10 0例胸部常规X线检查同时行数字化X线摄影图像进行对比分析。结果 :胸部DR能清楚显示病变 ,显示小病灶 ,其图像质量明显优于常规X线摄片。结论 :DR胸部数字化摄影弥补了常规X线片的不足 ,具有很大的临床应用价值和广泛前景。     

DR组织均衡技术对早期强直性脊柱炎诊断的应用价值

目的 探讨在腰椎摄影中采用组织均衡技术处理后图像与标准直接数字化X线摄影（DR）像的差异.方法 对80例无外伤病史患者行DR腰椎检查,并运用组织均衡技术（TE）处理图像,比较TE图像与标准DR图像的差别.结果 运用TE处理过的图像,其诊断阳性率远远高于标准DR图像.结论 运用DR组织均衡技术能够大大改善图像的清晰度,提高了诊断的阳性率.     

组织均衡技术在DR胸部影像中的应用优势

目的　探讨胸部直接数字化X线摄影 (DR)中 ,采用组织均衡技术的DR图像与标准DR图像的差别。方法　从我院2 0 0 3 -0 5所摄的DR胸部影像中按顺序抽取 10 0例作为分析材料 ,通过运用组织均衡技术对图像进行处理 ,比较组织均衡图像与标准DR图像的差别。结果　运用组织均衡技术的图像 ,同一幅图像上不同体厚部位的细节均可清晰显示 ;标准DR图像需调节不同的窗宽、窗位才能清晰显示不同体厚部位的细节。结论　在直接数字化X线摄影中 ,运用组织均衡技术能明显改善先前受体厚影响而难于观察部分的可视性 ,而又不牺牲其他部分的细节显示     

直接数字化X线摄影在胸部的应用价值

目的：探讨直接数字化X线摄影（DR）在胸部摄影中的应用价值。材料和方法：回顾性分析我院DR胸片和常规胸片各100例，分别统计一、二、三级片，同时对胸部结构进行评价对比分析。结果：胸部DR能清楚显示病变，尤其是微小病变，其图像质量明显优于常规X线摄片。结论：DR胸部数字化X线摄影弥补了常规X线摄影的不足，具有很大的临床应用价值和广泛的前景。     

X线断层融合摄影对骶尾椎骨折的诊断价值

目的:比较X线断层融合摄影与常规DR对骶尾椎骨折的显示率。方法:选择临床怀疑骶尾椎骨折的36例患者,分别行X线断层融合矢状位摄影与常规DR侧位摄影,评价这2种成像技术所获得的骶尾椎骨图像质量及骨折诊断情况。结果:36例骶尾骨常规DR侧位摄影优质图像率为25.0%,阳性诊断率为23.7%;X线断层融合矢状位摄影优质图像率为83.3%,阳性诊断率为63.3%;2种成像技术的检查结果差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论:对骶尾骨骨质结构的显示和骨折的检出,X线断层融合矢状位摄影较常规DR侧位摄影具有更好的能力,可作为骶尾骨骨折的首选检查方法。     

直接数字X线摄影诊断骶尾骨外伤的价值

目的：探讨直接数字化摄影（Digital Radiography，DR），诊断骶尾骨骨折的价值。材料与方法：160例臀部外伤患者，80例摄DR并进行“交响乐”（Multi-scale Image Amplification。MUSICA）后处理，另外80例常规X线摄片，根据图像显示骶尾骨骨折结构及周围软组织和骨折脱位的情况．探讨二者的质量。结果：160例中，80例DR与X线平片对比，DR清晰显示骶尾骨结构64例，周围软组织45例，骨折、脱位29铡，而X线片仅清晰显示骶尾骨结构16例和骨折、脱位14例、软组织显示不满意，漏诊3例。结论：DR诊断骶尾骨外伤比常规X线更为有效。     

可视化无线移动DR与传统移动DR的临床应用价值对比

【摘要】目的：探讨可视化无线移动DR床旁摄影的临床应用价值。方法：选取重症监护室(ICU)需行床旁胸部摄影的120例患者为研究对象，其中60例采用A款0.7/1.3U163C型传统移动式DR摄影（传统DR），60例采用B款UDR 370i新型可视化移动式DR摄影（可视化DR）。记录每次检查耗时，评价图像质量，并比较两组摄影后图像的优片率、单次检查耗时。结果：60例传统DR摄影图像中优片52例（86.7%)，差片8例（13.3%），可视化DR摄影图像中优片58例(96%)，差片2例（4%），两组图像质量优片率比较差异有统计学意义（χ2值=3.927，P<0.05)。传统移动式DR每完成一次检查的平均耗时为(5.7±1.0）min，可视化移动DR为(5.0±0.7）min，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：可视化移动DR可提高床旁摄影图像的优片率，缩短检查时间，对急重症患者床旁摄影检查具有较高的临床应用价值。     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Die rechtsmedizinische Identifizierung — Bedeutung und Beweiswert —

Zusammenfassung Bei der rechtsmedizinischen Identifizierung kann die Identität im strengen Sinn allenfalls bei lebenden Personen festgestellt werden; sonst läßt sich nur von Teilen auf das Ganze (vom Untersuchungsobjekt auf die Person) schließen, wobei die verschiedenen Merkmale des Untersuchungsobjektes entsprechend der Hdufigkeit ihres Vorkommens eine unterschiedliche Beweiskraft haben. Bei der Schädelidentifizierung mit Hilfe moderner photographischer oder elektronischer Superprojektionsverfahren ergeben sich unter Berücksichtigung der Weichteildicken so viele (fiktive) Vergleichspunkte, daß bei geeignetem Vergleichsmaterial (Photographien) Identität wegen der Vielzahl übereinstimmender Bezugspunkte in den meisten Fällen evident ist.     

Imaging of abdominal nodal spread in malignant disease

This is a review of the role of imaging procedures for the assessment of abdominal and pelvic lymph nodes. The diagnosis of malignant lymphatic spread is rarely the sole purpose of imaging, because it is usually part of a general abdominal examination, most frequently with CT or US, or increasingly with MRI. These studies are often requested in order to obtain information about the situation to be encountered during surgery, or to alert the surgeon to irresectability or to unexpected metastases outside the initially planned area of exploration. In most surgically treated tumours the role of imaging for preoperative staging is limited, due either to its insufficient sensitivity or because the initial treatment is independent of the lymph node stage. Imaging is commonly used to verify treatment response to chemo- or radiotherapy and for follow-up.Correspondence to: S. Delorme     

改进的定位技术在胸部肿瘤穿刺活检中的应用

目的：探索CT-SIM三维定位系统、体模固定技术和PET-CT融合影像导引定位技术在胸部肿瘤经皮穿刺活检中的应用价值。方法：对380例胸部肿瘤患者行改进的CT定位技术下的经皮穿刺活检术。根据肿瘤的大小、深度、毗邻关系、活动度以及患者的心肺功能状态,综合运用CT-SIM系统、体模固定技术和PET-CT融合影像导引技术,为患者进行穿刺前定位。统计穿刺定位时间长度、成功率、确诊率、并发症发生情况,并与210例采用传统铅栅定位下胸部肿瘤穿刺活检的相应资料进行比较。结果：采用改进的CT定位技术的380例患者穿刺定位精确,平均定位时间（9.5 min）较传统方法（16.8 min）缩短7.3 min,活检成功率和确诊率分别是98.7%和95.3%,高于传统定位方法的93.3%和83.3%,两者差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。穿刺并发症发生率相似,气胸发生率分别为2.8%和2.9%,咯血发生率分别为11%和12.8%。结论：根据患者状态及肿瘤特点,在CT-SIM系统快速精确定位技术的基础上,综合运用体模固定技术和PET-CT融合影像导引技术,能显著缩短经皮穿刺活检的定位时间,提高活检成功率。