国内主要放射学期刊与国外同类期刊刊出的骨骼肌肉系统论文比较

目的 分析比较近10年国内主要放射学期刊与国外同类期刊中骨骼肌肉系统(简称骨肌)和骨肌损伤影像学论文的现状.方法 对近10年国内外主要放射学期刊中骨肌和骨肌损伤论文的数量、类型、检查方法、研究部位、研究内容等进行统计分析和比较.国内放射学期刊选择中华放射学杂志、临床放射学杂志和实用放射学期刊作为代表,国外放射学期刊选择了Radiology、the American Journal of Roentegenology、the British Journal of Radiology和Skeletal Radiology.结果 国内3种期刊论著类论文共6352篇,骨肌论文为827篇(13.0%),骨肌损伤论文占骨肌论文的21.5%(178/827);国外前3种综合期刊论著类论文共8659篇,骨肌论文900篇(10.4%),骨肌损伤论文占10.8%(97/900).国内综述类论文中骨肌论文占9.9%(73/741),骨肌损伤论文占13.7%(10/73);国外的分别为4.3%(34/783)和23.5%(8/34).国内短篇类论文中,骨肌论文占17.0%(675/3971),骨肌损伤论文占骨肌论文的3.4%(23/675);国外分别为8.8%(177/2019)和14.7%(26/177).国内骨肌损伤检查方法的论文中,X线平片的论文占11.7%(26/222),国外4种杂志为10.9%(32/295).国内以CT为主的论文占42.8%(95/222),国外为9.8%(29/295).国内以MRI为主的论文占27.0%(60/222),国外为32.5%(96/295).国内综合应用检查方法的论文占16.2%(36/222),国外为42.0%(124/295).国内其他论文占2.3%(5/222),国外为4.8%(14/295).国内骨肌论文的检查部位分别是:脊柱22.5%(50/222)、膝关节21.1%(47/222)、颅面骨15.3%(34/222)、髋关节7.2%(16/222)、胸部6.8%(15/222)、足踝4.5%(10/222)、手腕4.1%(9/222);国外分别为14.6%(43/295)、14.6%(43/295)、1.7%(5/295)、6.4%(19/295)、3.7%(11/295)、12.9%(38/295)、7.5%(22/295).国内骨肌论文研究内容:骨骼论文占64.9%(144/222),关节囊和韧带的论文占8.6%(19/222),软骨和骨骺的论文占7.7%(17/222),关节脱位的论文占5.8%(13/222),半月板的论文占5.4%(12/222),综合研究的论文占4.0%(9/222),其他论文占3.6%(8/222);国外分别为62.4%(184/295)、24.1%(71/295)、4.7%(14/295)、0.3%(1/295)、2.7%(8/295)、2.4%(7/295)和3.4%(10/295).中华放射学杂志中骨肌实验研究类论文为7篇,而Radiology为29篇.结论 与国外同类期刊比较,国内放射学杂志骨肌与骨肌损伤的论文在所有论文中的比例偏低,国内应该加强骨肌影像的实验性研究,进一步关注非骨性损伤的研究.     

肌肉骨骼介入放射学开展的现状

肌肉骨骼介入放射学开展的现状姜卫剑，张雪哲肌肉骨骼介入放射学包括经皮活检和介入治疗两类。现将国外国内开展肌肉骨骼介入放射学的情况介绍如下。一、经皮活检：随着影像技术的发展，特别是ＣＴ导引技术的应用，经皮活检几乎可以在肌肉骨骨骼任何部位进行￣［１］。（...     

CT导引下经皮肌肉骨骼病变穿刺活检

目的 探讨CT导引下经皮穿刺活检在肌肉骨骼病变诊断的价值，评估激光导引装置在肌肉骨骼病变CT穿刺活检中的作用。方法 165例CT引导下肌肉骨骼穿刺活检病例（其中36例使用Pinpoint激光引导系统），骨骼穿刺活检142例，软组织穿刺活检23例。149例有手术病理、切开活检病理或临床随访资料。结果 165例肌肉骨骼病变的穿刺活检总正确率为75．2％（124／165）。其中骨骼病变穿刺活检的正确率为73．2％（104／142），肌肉软组织病变穿刺活检的正确率为87．0％（20／23）。Pinpoint激光导引下CT穿刺活检的诊断正确率为80．6％（29／36）。使用骨钻针穿刺诊断正确率73．8％（96／130），使用抽吸针穿刺诊断正确率80．0％（28／35）。大病灶（直径〉3cm）穿刺活检诊断正确率80．6％（79／98），小病灶（直径≤3cm）穿刺活检诊断正确率67．2％（45／67），二者之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论 CT导引下经皮骨骼肌肉活检是一种安全、简便、有效的诊断和鉴别诊断方法。对大病灶的诊断正确率优于较小病灶，在小病灶中，使用Pinpoint激光导引装置有助于提高诊断正确率。     

手指血管球瘤2例报告

血管球瘤为骨和软组织少见的良性肿瘤，占软组织肿瘤的1．6％，发生于手部者占30－75％（1）本病由Wood氏首先报告并称之为“疼痛性结节”，Masson将其命名为“血管球瘤”（2），自后Popoff对血管球瘤的解剖生理进行了描述（3），国内放射学杂志尚未见有关报告，本文报告2例，并结合文献进行讨论。     

《双语医学影像学》（英汉对照）出版

中南大学湘雅医学院肖恩华教授主编，中国工程院院士、中南大学校长黄伯云教授作序，华中科技大学同济医学院冯敢生教授、南方医科大学张雪林教授主审的《双语医学影像学》（英汉对照）已由中南大学出版社于2005年8月正式出版，书号为ISBN7-81105-091-9／R．008。该书为国内第一本医学影像学双语教材，本书分总论、骨骼和肌肉系统、胸部、腹部、中枢神经系统和头颈部、介入放射学六大部分共十八章。第一篇为总论，主要介绍X线、CT、MRI等成像技术。     

2007中法放射学大会通知

中国医师协会、中国医师协会放射医师分会、法国放射协会和欧洲肿瘤预防协会联合主办的“2007中法放射学大会”定于2007年11月9-12日在上海召开。大会内容有腹部／消化系统影像学、神经系统影像学、胸部／心血管系统影像学、骨骼／肌肉运动损伤影像学、乳腺影像学、泌尿生殖系统影像学、儿科影像学和介入影像学等，     

《中华放射学杂志》介入放射学临床试验论文的评价

目的 按Cochrane手册的标准对《中华放射学杂志》1980－1999年共20卷158期的临床试验论文进行统计、分析和评价。方法 《中华放射学杂志》1980－1999年共20卷158期，由中国Cochrane中心培训的临床医学专业人员对杂志进行逐篇查阅，根据Cochrane中心手检指南检索出相关的随机对照试验（RCT）和临床对照试验（CCT）论文。结果 RCT、CCT论文分布情况逐年增加，RCT和CCT占临床试验论文的百分率也逐渐增加，RCT和CCT均从80年代初期的0％，分别上升到90年代后期的2．17％、7．97％。结论 介入放射学临床治疗试验论文的研究水平在不断提高。但是，RCT和CCT在临床治疗试验论文中占的比例还不高，RCT的设计、实施和分析还不规范，使结果的可信性方面存在缺陷。     

呼吸系统疾病论文写作的几个问题

呼吸系统疾病在临床工作中占有重要比例 ,但有关影像学论文数目在影像学杂志所有论文中所占比率并不高 ,根据1996～ 1999年中华放射学杂志接收稿件的统计 (表 1) ,呼吸系统稿件占 4 77%～ 9 5 2 % ,平均为 7 19% ;发表稿件 ,占刊出总篇数的 8 82 %～ 12 4 0 % ,平均 10 2 8%。表 1　 1996～ 1999年中华放射学杂志收稿、刊出总数及呼吸系统稿件数量年份 收稿总数(篇 )呼吸系统收稿数(篇 )占总数比率( % )刊出总数(篇 )呼吸系统刊出数(篇 )占总数比率( % )19961741834 773714 612 40199714 8114 19 5 2 394399 901998170 91176 85 44 2 3…     

1993年第79届北美放射学会年会简介（四）消化系统

１９９３年第７９届北美放射学会年会简介（四）消化系统刘赓年一、概况：第７９届北美放射学会消化系统学术报告共１２８篇，占总数１２８８篇的９％。其中以肝脏影像学研究报告为最多，共４７篇（占总数１２８篇的３６；７％）。其次为介入放射学论文共３５篇（占２７．...     

《中华核医学与分子影像杂志》1998至2013年高被引论文分析

目的分析《中华核医学与分子影像杂志》1998至2013年发表的高被引论文特点。方法通过万方数据库查询《中华核医学与分子影像杂志》1998至2013年发表论文的各篇被引次数（统计截至2013年12月31日）,采用共时法中的百分比法确定高被引论文篇数。分析高被引论文的年份、作者、地域、栏目、主题词和基金项目分布情况。结果共纳入高被引论文140篇,占全部发表论文的5．43％（140／2580）,总被引次数占全部发表论文的37．49％（2533／6757）,均被引次数18．09次／篇。高被引论文发表年份2000至2005年所占比例最高,为77．86％（109／140）。作者数3～6之间的文章篇数所占比例最高,为65．00％（91／140）;发表高被引论文3篇及以上者7名。北京、广东、上海为《中华核医学与分子影像杂志》高被引论文主要产出地区。肿瘤核医学、内分泌系统核医学及中枢神经系统核医学栏目高被引论文篇数较多,分别占总篇数的16．43％、10．00％和9．29％。结论《中华核医学与分子影像杂志》高被引论文具有发表时间、研究方向、作者分布相对集中的特点,为杂志今后选题策划组稿等提供了一定的参考。     

Physiologic and pathologic calcifications and ossifications in the face and neck

The aim was to give a systematic presentation of physiologic and pathologic calcifications and ossifications in the face and neck with a special emphasis on clinical relevance. In a sometimes subacute setting one should recognize specific calcifications which often lead to important diagnoses such as fungal sinusitis or sclerosing labyrinthitis. In a more chronic situation intraocular calcifications in small children are pathognomonic for retinoblastoma. Juxtatumoral sclerosis of the laryngeal cartilage in laryngopharyngeal carcinoma is usually caused by tumor infiltration of the cartilage resulting in a higher tumor stage and, this way, has a major impact on the therapeutical strategy. Calcified lymph nodes are mainly unspecific but can be the result of tuberculosis or metastases of thyroid cancer. Cross-sectional imaging methods, most of all computed tomography, are ideally suited to reveal head and neck calcifications and ossifications, especially those which are clinically relevant.     

Head and neck infection and inflammation

This article discusses the imaging manifestations of infectious and inflammatory conditions of the head and neck. Special attention is paid to the sites, routes of spread, and complications of neck infections. Because the clinical signs and symptoms and the complications of these conditions are often determined by the precise anatomic site involved, anatomic considerations are stressed. Familiarity with the fascial layers, spaces of the neck, and the contents of each space is helpful for this discussion. The fascial layers of the neck are important barriers to infection, and once infection is established, the fascial layers play a part in directing its spread.     

幽门螺杆菌分泌与重组表达的VacA蛋白的分离纯化及其致细胞空泡效应与凋亡的对比研究

目的：分离纯化幽门螺杆菌分泌和重组表达的细胞空泡毒素抗原（ VacA）蛋白,并评价其致细胞空泡效应及致细胞凋亡效应。方法分别从幽门螺杆菌ATCC26695菌株培养上清和重组表达VacA蛋白的pQE30-VacA-E．coliM15基因工程菌中分离纯化VacA蛋白,经酸化后,以不同终浓度（5,10 ng／ml）分别与人胃腺癌AGS细胞共孵24 h,观察致空泡效应,并通过流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。结果成功分离纯化出幽门螺杆菌分泌和重组表达的VacA蛋白;幽门螺杆菌分泌的VacA蛋白能显著引起AGS细胞的空泡样改变及凋亡（P＜0．01）,而重组表达的VacA蛋白致细胞空泡样改变及凋亡不显著（ P＞0．05）。结论幽门螺杆菌分泌的VacA蛋白有良好的空泡毒性及致凋亡效应,而重组表达的VacA蛋白无致空泡及凋亡效应,幽门螺杆菌分泌的VacA蛋白可用于VacA作用机制的研究。     

化学和生物学融合对国际武器公约履约的影响

化学武器公约（ CWC）和生物武器公约（ BWC）是为禁止生产、发展、储存和使用化学武器和生物武器而制定的国际公约。近年来,科学技术快速发展,知识交叉渗透,学科之间出现整合和融合,促进了科技进步和经济发展。其中化学和生物学融合在有力促进制药、健康卫生、绿色化学和环境保护等产业进步的同时,也对化学和生物武器公约的履约产生了重要的影响。该文综述了与化学武器和生物武器公约相关的化学和生物学融合进展,并分析其对公约履约的影响。     

Oxygen uptake and ventilation during rowing and running in females and males

This study evaluated if the ventilatory response to exercise is impaired by the cramp position of rowing. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), maximal expiratory volume (VEmax), and maximal heart rate (HRmax) during rowing and running were compared in 55 males (age, mean +/- SD, 21 +/- 3 years; height 176 +/- 5 cm; body mass 72 +/- 6 kg) and 18 females (age 20 +/- 2 years; height 164 +/- 5 cm; body mass 61 +/- 4 kg). VEmax was larger during rowing than during running (males, 157 +/- 16 vs. 147 +/- 13 L min(-1); 114 +/- 9 vs. 105 +/- 11 L min(-1), P<0.01). Also VO2max was larger during rowing than during running (males, 4.5 +/- 0.5 vs. 4.3 +/- 0.4 L min(-1); females, 3.3 +/- 0.4 vs. 3.2 +/- 0.4 L min(-1), P<0.01). However, HRmax was lower during rowing than during running (males, 194 +/- 8 vs. 198 +/- 11 beats min(-1); females, 192 +/- 6 vs. 196 +/- 8 beats min(-1), P<0.05). VEmax was correlated to body mass and fat-free mass, as was VO2max. Thus, the oxygen pulse (VO2max/HRmax) was larger during rowing than during running, while the ventilatory equivalent for oxygen (VEmax/VO2max) was similar. We showed that bending the body during rowing does not seem to impair ventilation either in males or in females. The results indicate that VEmax and VO2max relate to body size and fat-free mass for both females and males. The findings indicate that the involvement of more muscles, the entrainment, and the body position during rowing facilitates ventilation and venous return and lowers maximal heart rate.     

Coracoclavicular and coracoacromial ligament calcification and ossification

Thirty-six patients with calcification or ossification at or around the coracoclavicular and coracoacromial regions were analyzed with regard to type, location, and configuration of the deposits and related clinical history. Calcification or ossification in the coracoclavicular region resulted largely from trauma (36%) or renal failure (28%). Trauma patients may develop punctate calcification or ossification but do not develop the tumoral type of calcification. About 5% of the renal failure patients had coracoclavicular ligament calcifications, one-half of which were of the tumoral type. Renal failure patients may have punctate or tumoral calcifications but do not develop ossification.     

CLIP相关技术的研究进展

在真核生物基因表达的转录后调节中,RNA结合蛋白（ RBP）起着关键作用,很多RBP的异常与人类疾病的发生密切相关。自2000年的RNA免疫沉淀和芯片分析方法（ RNA immunoprecipitation with differential display or microarray analysis , RIP-ChIP）出现以来,人们开始就RBP与RNA相互作用进行了系统而广泛的研究。经过改良和发展,基于体内实时紫外交联免疫沉淀法（ ultraviolet crosslinking and immunoprecipitation , CLIP ）、交联免疫沉淀cDNA文库高通量测序法（ high-throughput sequencing of CLIP cDNA library , HITS-CLIP）、光催化核糖核苷增强交联和免疫沉淀法（ photoactivatable-ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunprecipitation , PAR-CLIP）以及提高个别核苷酸分辨率交联和免疫共沉淀法（ individual nucleotide resolution CLIP , iCLIP）等RIP-ChIP衍生方法相继产生,使用这些方法,可以解析RBP的RNA识别特异性,而且通过与高通量测序技术结合,可以实现转录组尺度的RBP的靶序列的鉴定,分辨率也得到极大提高。该文就RNA与蛋白的相互作用的基本原理及其研究进展、相关技术存在的问题以及发展趋势进行简要综述。     

Cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons of self-reported and device-assessed physical activity and sedentary behaviour

ObjectivesTo examine the longitudinal associations and differences between self-reported and device-assessed physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB), using a multifaceted statistical approach.DesignLongitudinal measurement burst.MethodsIn total, 52 university students (78% female) aged 18–38 years (mean = 21.94 ± 4.57 years) participated. The study consisted of three blocks of six days of measurement, during which participants wore an accelerometer on their wrist for the entire block, and self-reported their PA over the 6 days at the end of each block.ResultsMeaningful latent differences between methods were observed for moderate PA and SB across all three assessment periods, such that participants underreported the time spent in each activity. Bland–Altman plots revealed a positive mean difference for vigorous PA, with over-reporting increasing as mean levels increased. Negative mean differences were observed for all other intensities. Underreporting of moderate PA increased as the mean level increased, whereas for light PA and SB, underreporting decreased at high levels. Repeated measures correlations revealed a meaningful association for vigorous PA only, suggesting that as self-reported minutes increase so too do device-measured minutes.ConclusionsWe found evidence of cross-sectional and longitudinal differences and weak associations between self-reported and device-assessed PA and SB. Future work is needed to enhance the quality of self-reported methods to assess PA and SB (e.g., face and content validity), and consider improvements to the processing of device-based data.     

Old and dangerous: Prison and dementia

Older prisoners are the fastest growing group of prisoners in many countries. The purpose of this study is to explore the phenomenon of detention of persons suffering from dementia. Medline searches were conducted for relevant articles, chapters and books published until August 2016. Search terms included dementia, elderly, prison and criminal. Publications found through this indexed search were reviewed for further relevant references. As results, there is a lack of data about elderly with dementia in prisons. Given the rise in the average age, it is reasonable to hypothesize that the number of older prisoners is growing. Moreover, some elderly are imprisoned with a concomitant cognitive impairment or psychiatric disorder while others will develop such diseases once incarcerated. At the present time, legal and social systems seem unprepared to handle the phenomenon of dementia in prison. As proposal, health assessments for older first time offenders should become a practice inside the correctional facilities and include an evaluation for specific health issues, such as psychiatric comorbidity and cognitive impairment.