同一供者外周血单个核细胞输注治疗单倍相合骨髓移植后白血病复发

本研究探讨同一供者外周血单个核细胞输注（DMNCI）治疗单倍相合骨髓移植后白血病复发的疗效和安全性。3例单倍相合骨髓移植后白血病复发患者接受G-CSF动员的DMNCI治疗,其中例1和例2骨髓移植前分别为ph＋急性淋巴细胞性白血病伴中枢神经系统侵犯部分缓解及慢性粒细胞性白血病急性变部分缓解,在骨髓移植后这两例均血液学复发,各接受单次DMNCI,单个核细胞剂量分别为8.25×10^8/kg和5.24×10^8/kg;CD3^＋细胞剂量分别为1.87×10^8/kg和1.14×10^8/kg。第3例骨髓移植前为CML急性变,治疗后并达缓解。移植后分子水平复发,接受逐渐提高单次细胞数量的分次输注,首次DMNCI剂量为2.0×10^7/kg,CD3^＋细胞剂量为1.1×10^7/kg。同时观察3例患者输注后白血病缓解情况及并发症。结果显示,3例患者均出现不同疗效,2例血液学复发患者骨髓均暂时缓解,但分别于DMNCI后41、48天死于严重移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）、复发及衰竭。分子水平复发患者分次接受DMNCI,输注2次后达分子水平缓解,STR-PCR测定证实为供者基因型。3例均发生急性GVHD,2例接受单次剂量输注者发生Ⅳ度以上GVHD,1例接受分次输注患者发生Ⅰ度GVHD。3例均未发生明显骨髓抑制,分子水平缓解者随访半年无病生存。结论：DMNCI可能具有抗白血病作用,可用于单倍相合骨髓移植后白血病复发的治疗,对分子水平复发者的疗效较对血液学复发者好;输注MNC为×10^8/kg后GVHD严重。DMNCI起始剂量×10^7/kg并逐渐提高单次剂量的分次输注方法更为安全。     

异基因外周血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病

目的　探讨异基因外周血干细胞移植 (allo PBSCT)治疗血液系统恶性疾病。方法　 5 1例恶性血液病患者 ,中位年龄 34(5 .5～ 5 2 .0 )岁 ,接受了HLA配型相合或 1个位点不合的同胞供者PBSCT ,其中急性白血病 (AL) 31例 ,第 1次完全缓解 (CR1 )期 13例 ,第 2次完全缓解 (CR2 )期及以上 7例 ,未缓解或复发 11例 ,包括 2例异基因骨髓移植 (allo BMT)后复发 ;慢性粒细胞白血病 (CML) 12例 ,慢性期 5例 ,加速期 2例 ,急变期 4例 ,allo BMT后复发 1例 ;骨髓增生异常综合征 (MDS) 7例 ,RAEB及RAEB t各 1例 ,转为AL 5例 ;Burkitt淋巴瘤Ⅳ期 1例。采用全身照射 (TBI)或改良白消安预处理方案 ,预防移植物抗宿主病 (GVHD)采用经典环孢菌素 (CsA)加甲氨蝶呤 (MTX)方案。结果　所有患者均植活 ,中性粒细胞数恢复至≥ 0 .5× 10 9 L和BPC≥ 2 0× 10 9 L的中位时间分别为移植后第 14和 11天。发生Ⅱ度及以上急性GVHD 2 0例 (39% ) ,其中Ⅲ～Ⅳ度 2例 (4% )。 5 2 %的患者诊断慢性GVHD。死亡14例 ,8例死于移植相关合并症 ,6例死于复发。 37例长期存活 ,中位随访时间为 399(75～ 2 176 )d ,34例持续CR ,另 3例复发。 2年总生存率、无病生存率及复发率分别为 6 4 % ,6 1%及 2 4 %。结论　allo PBSCT治疗恶性血液病安全可靠     

Addition of a low fixed number of CD3+ cells to CD34-enriched allografts: effects on engraftment,graft-versus-host disease,and survival after related and unrelated peripheral stem cell transplantation

Despite prophylaxis with immunosuppressive drugs, severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. T cell depletion of the graft has decreased incidence and severity of GVHD but has resulted in a higher incidence of graft failure and relapse. To reduce the risk of severe GVHD, but at the same time to maintain the graft-versus-tumor effect, we administered a fixed low number of 1 x 10(5) donor T cells per kilogram of body weight to recipients of CD34(+) cell-enriched allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs). Donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) were then given in incremental doses when mixed chimerism persisted or signs of relapse occurred. A total of 23 patients receiving allografts from related and unrelated donors were treated according to this protocol after myeloablative or reduced intensity conditioning. One patient did not engraft and 3/20 evaluable patients developed acute (a) GVHD > or = grade II, with a corresponding estimated cumulative incidence of 15.6% (95% CI 0-30.5%). DLI (n = 13) induced aGVHD > or = II in 6 patients, but the severity of the syndrome was reduced. Overall GVHD-related mortality was low (13%). The probability of disease-free survival and overall survival at 2 years was 0.40 (95% CI 0.21-0.75) and 0.36 (95% CI 0.21-0.63). Progression-free survival and overall survival was significantly better in patients with acute or chronic myelogenous leukemia compared to patients with lymphoproliferative disorders (p = 0.002; p = 0.02). We conclude that the combination of allografts with a T cell content of about 1 x 10(5)/kg and escalating doses of DLI is a viable transplant strategy in patients with myeloid leukemias, which results in stable engraftment and a reduction of mortality from aGVHD.     

HLA相合同胞脐血移植成功治疗一例成人慢性髓系白血病

目的研究脐血移植(CBT)治疗成人恶性血液病的可行性,观察长期造血重建和移植相关并发症的发生.方法 1例18岁体重75 kg的慢性髓系白血病慢性期(CML-CP)患者在用改良的马利兰、环磷酰胺(Bu/CTX)方案预处理后给予HLA相合同胞CBT.输入有核细胞数1.73×107/kg,CD34+细胞为2.7×105/kg.移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)预防方案选用环孢菌素A(CsA)加甲泼尼龙.结果移植后第18天中性粒细胞计数>0.5×109/L,移植后36天血小板计数>50×109/L.CBT后共给予7次血小板输注.移植后80天DNA位点检测示已全部转为供者型.移植后90天后出现严重黄疸,诊断为肝脏急性GVHD合并巨细胞病毒感染,通过加用免疫抑制剂和抗病毒药物治疗,同时辅以血浆交换和人工肝体外胆红素吸附,并发症得到控制.随访24个月,患者一般情况良好,肝功能基本正常,骨髓细胞Ph染色体和bcr/abl基因持续阴性.结论本例为国内首例应用异基因CBT成功治疗成人白血病,表明异基因CBT应用于成人血液病的治疗是可行的.     

异基因造血干细胞移植后供者外周血造血干细胞输注预防高危白血病复发

目的评估重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)动员的供者外周血造血干细胞输注 (GPBSCI)作为一种早期过继性免疫治疗方法的有效性和安全性。方法 12例高危白血病患者同胞配型相合异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)后接受了G-CSF动员的预防性GPBSCI。allo-HSCT前患者的诊断包括2例Ph 急性淋巴细胞白血病首次完全缓解(ALL-CR1),1例ALL-CR2,1例ALL合并顽固中枢神经系统白血病(CNSL),1例急性髓系白血病(AML)复发,1例AML合并CNSL,1例 AML-CR3,4例进展期慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)及1例骨髓增生异常综合征-难治性贫血伴幼稚细胞增多型(MDS-RAEB)。结果 12例患者共接受了16次GPBSCI,其中移植后90天( 90天)前接受 GPBSCI 5次,输注的单个核细胞(MNC)及CD3 细胞中位数分别为1．00(0．95-1．24)×108/kg和 0．53(0．39-0．63)×108/kg。 90天后接受GPBSCI 11次,输注两类细胞中位数分别为2．27(1．00- 4．30)×108/kg和1．15(0．55-2．10)×108/kg。输注后4例患者发生了Ⅰ或Ⅱ度急性移植物抗宿主病(GVHD),1例患者发生Ⅲ度急性GVHD。7例患者发生了慢性GVHD,其中4例为广泛型。2例患者未发生输注相关GVHD。未观察到GPBSCI相关的全血细胞减少。中位随访563(415-728)d,12 例高危白血病患者中有10例无病存活,2例死于白血病复发。结论预防性GPBSCI可以增强移植物抗白血病作用,相关不良反应小,可能成为改善高危白血病allo-HSCT预后的安全有效的手段。     

非清髓性外周血干细胞移植治疗慢性髓系白血病慢性期及加速期的疗效观察

本研究观察非清髓造血干细胞移植对慢性髓系白血病慢性期（CML—CP）、慢性髓系白血病加速期（CML—AP）的疗效。用福达华（F）30mg／m^2×6天，白消安（B）4mg／kg×2天，环磷酰胺（CTX）350mg／（m^2·d）×2天，伍用或不伍用阿糖胞苷（mra—C）对24例HLA全相合及1个位点不合者进行预处理，并对其造血恢复等指标进行动态观察。结果表明，24例患者造血顺利恢复，ANC〉0．5×10^9／L的中位时间平均为移植后13天，BPC〉20×10^9／L的中位时间平均为移植后11．5天。移植后30天经短串重复系列（STR—PCR）检测其中12例植活患者，结果9例为完全嵌合状态（CDC），3例为混合嵌合体。移植后180天时所有存活的18例患者均为CDC。中位随访24个月（4—48月），18例患者无病存活，2例患者死于严重aGVHD，1例死于cGVHD，2例死于间质性肺炎，1例死于复发。结论：非清髓造血干细胞移植是CML慢性期的有效治疗手段，对于加速期患者亦有良效。     

HLA相合同胞脐血移植治疗急性髓系白血病成功——国内首例报告

目的 研究脐血移植（ ＵＣＢＴ） 对恶性血液病的根治性治疗; 观察其长期造血重建和移植物抗宿主病（ＧＶＨＤ） 及移植并发症发生情况。方法 给１ 例急性粒细胞白血病完全缓解期的１１ 岁男性患儿移植ＨＬＡ 配型相合的同胞脐血。预处理选用ＢＵ／ＣＹ 方案（ 马利兰４ ｍ ｇ ·ｋｇ －１ ·ｄ － １ ×４ ,环磷酰胺６０ ｍｇ ·ｋｇ － １ ·ｄ － １ ×２） 。ＧＶＨＤ 预防用环孢霉素Ａ（ＣｓＡ） 。移植有核细胞为０ ．３５ ×１０８／ｋｇ ,ＣＦＵＧＭ １ ．８２ ×１０４／ｋｇ ,ＣＤ３４ ＋ 细胞２ ．０４ ×１０５／ｋｇ 。结果 ＋ １４ 天骨髓显示造血重建;＋ ２１ 天中性粒细胞（ＡＮＣ） ＞ １ ．０ ×１０９／Ｌ;＋ ６０ 天ＤＮＡ 位点检测显示移植物植入成功;＋ １００ 天受者血型由Ｏ 型转为供者血型Ｂ 型。随访３３０ 天,患者情况正常,未发生急、慢性ＧＶＨＤ。结论本例为国内首例异基因脐血移植治疗急性粒细胞白血病获得成功;开展同胞ＨＬＡ 相合脐血移植安全、有效,适合中国国情,值得深入研究。     

In vivo T cell depletion with low-dose rabbit antithymocyte globulin results in low transplant-related mortality and low relapse incidence following unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Stem cell transplantation from unrelated donors is associated with an increased risk of graft failure and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Addition of pretransplant antithymocyte globulin (ATG), although reducing the risk of graft rejection and GVHD, bears the risk of overimmunosuppression, resulting in an increased relapse rate and transplant-related mortality. Therefore, we evaluated in 21 consecutive patients receiving unrelated stem cell grafts from either HLA-matched (38%) or -mismatched (62%) donors whether low-dose rabbit ATG added to cyclosporin A and methotrexate at a total dose of 3.5 mg/kg for HLA-identical and 5.0 mg/kg for HLA-mismatched transplants given in two divided doses on days -2 and -1 provides sufficient immunosuppression for prevention of GVHD and graft rejection but is associated with an acceptable risk of relapse and transplant-related mortality. Stable leukocyte engraftment was achieved in all patients (100%). Overall survival after a median follow-up of 26 (median, range 14-42) months was 56 +/- 26% (95% confidence interval, CI) and the overall relapse rate at 3 years was 24 +/- 21%. Three-year survival for standard-risk patients, i.e., chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in first chronic phase or acute leukemia in first complete remission, was 87% +/- 13% versus 40% +/- 31% for patients with more advanced disease. The incidence of acute GVHD II-IV degrees was 55 +/- 22%; that of severe acute GVHD III-IV degrees was 21 +/- 19%. Chronic GVHD was observed in 5/17 (29%) patients surviving more than 100 days post stem cell transplantation. Transplant-related mortality was 16 +/- 15% (95% CI) at day + 100 and 25 +/- 19% (95% CI) at 1 year after the transplant. The data presented show that pretransplant in vivo T cell depletion with low-dose rabbit ATG results in a low transplant-related mortality due to a low incidence of severe acute and chronic GVHD and a low relapse rate. To find out the optimal rabbit ATG dose in the unrelated stem cell transplantation setting, further dose-finding studies comparing high- and low-dose regimens are necessary.     

非清髓性异基因造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病26例

为研究非清髓性异基因造血干细胞移植(non-myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation, allo-NST)治疗恶性血液病的疗效及相关技术,选择26例恶性血液病患者作为研究对象(急性白血病10例,慢性髓性白血病14例,多发性骨髓瘤2例),其中14例采用FAC(fludarabin+ATG+Cy)预处理,12例采用MAC(melfalan/maleran+ATG+Cy)预处理;用G-CSF 600 μg/d或G-CSF 300 μg/d+GM-CSF 300μg/d进行外周血干细胞动员,于第5天开始用Cobe Spectra血细胞分离机连续采集2-3次;用环孢菌素A联合短程甲氨蝶呤预防GVHD;移植后第4周开始供体淋巴细胞输注,首剂1×107/kg,之后依据临床反应及嵌合体形成情况,每4周1次,剂量逐级递增;微卫星短串联重复序列(STR)分析、Bcr/Abl融合基因、Ph染色体、HLA位点分析、性染色体及ABO血型等为植活检测指标.结果显示 植入率84.62%,aGVHD发生率11.54%,cGVHD发生率23.07%;感染和出血等毒副反应发生率低、反应轻.结论非清髓性异基因造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病疗效确切,毒副作用小,但相关技术,如适应症的选择、预处理方案、移植过程中的免疫治疗等需要进一步深入研究.     

The impact of granulocyte colony stimulating factor at content of donor lymphocytes collected for cellular immunotherapy.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) have become widely used for prevention or treatment of relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Increasing use of reduced intensity conditioning regimens (RICR) and subsequent application of DLI forced the hemapheresis centers to collect donor lymphocytes in certain quantity and quality. The place of growth factors especially granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF, filgrastim) in allogeneic hemapoietic stem cell (HSC) collection is established, but there is no consensus about the role of rhG-CSF. We aimed to clarify the dose effect of rhG-CSF on lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3+, CD3+4+, CD3+8+, CD19+, CD3-16+56+) cells and CD34+ HSC. DONORS AND METHODS: Major indications for DLI (mean volume: 180+/-52 ml) were for relapse or transplants using RICR mainly in patients with acute leukemia (n=20) or chronic myeloid leukemia (n=15). In four years we performed 40 lymphocyte apheresis (LA) on 30 healthy (med. age 28, M/F 21/9) donors using continuous flow cell separators by processing 2-2.5 times of their total blood volume (TBV). The apheresis data is divided into three groups according to rhG-CSF dose used for priming. Donors in Group I (n=18), Group II (n=9) and Group III (n=13) received no rhG-CSF (steady state), rhG-CSF 5 microg/kg/dsc x 5 days and rhG-CSF 10 microg/kg/dsc x 5 days, respectively. There was no difference within groups concerning TBV processed and recipient body weight. RESULTS: A total of 11,565 ml (+/-3700) of blood was processed in 216 min (+/-36.5) at an inlet of 56.8 ml/min (+/-10.6) using 999 ml (+/-307) ACD. The CD34+ HSC increased with increasing rhG-CSF dose as expected. Median CD3+ lymphocyte yield per recipient body weight in Group I, II and III were 0.9 x 10e8/kg (range: 0.1-2.1), 2.9 x 10e8/kg (range: 1.6-4.3) and 2.1 x 10e8/kg (range: 0.6-6.9), respectively. The primed donors T lymphocyte yield was 2-3-fold more in comparison to Group I. This gain was most significant between Group I and III in terms of mean CD3+ (1.09 x 10e8/kg vs 2.41 x 10e8/kg, p=0.02), CD3+4+ (0.64 x 10e8/kg vs 1.44 x 10e8/kg, p=0.02) and CD3+8+ (0.42 x 10e8/kg vs 0.89 x 10e8/kg, p=0.03) cells, respectively. CONCLUSION: Though the yield of lymphocyte subsets in G-CSF primed donors exceeds the non-primed donors, the target range of 1 x 10e7-1 x 10e8/kg CD3+ lymphocytes could be achieved in the majority of the apheresis procedures without rhG-CSF priming. The yield of T and B lymphocyte subsets are increased by G-CSF stimulation but not on a logarithmic scale, which did not correlate into a clinical relevance.     

无血缘关系脐血移植治疗血液系统恶性疾病的临床研究

目的　观察无血缘脐血移植 (UCBT)治疗儿童和成人血液系统恶性疾病的植入率、移植物抗宿主病 (GVHD)的发生和生存情况。方法　血液系统恶性疾病患者 17例 ,其中儿童 13例 ,成人 4例。 12例接受单份脐血 (CB) ,5例接受 2份CB。脐血与受者HLA 6个位点相合 6例 ,4～ 5个位点相合11例。 10例患者移植时处于疾病稳定期 ,7例处于复发或难治白血病阶段。预处理多数采用BU CY或CY TBI方案 ,同时应用抗胸腺细胞球蛋白。GVHD预防采用环孢菌素A(CsA)为主的方案。结果　14例存活超过 4 0d的患者进行了脐血植入率的评价。至移植后 6 0天 ,12例 (86 % )患者白细胞达到了植入标准 ,植活时间为 (2 1.0± 1.3)d ;10例 (71% )血小板达到植活水平 ,植活时间为 (39.0± 10 .3)d。 4例患者发生Ⅱ度急性GVHD ,2例发生慢性GVHD。 17例患者 11例存活 ,其中无事件生存 (EFS) 8例。10例处于疾病稳定期患者 ,2年总生存概率 (OS)为 90 % ,无事件生存率 (EFS)为 70 % ;7例处于复发或难治白血病阶段的患者 ,只有 2例存活而无复发。 4例成人患者 2例达到了持久植入 ,目前EFS分别为 18和 14个月。结论　初步结果表明 ,HLA相合及 1～ 2位点不合的UCBT是可行的 ,尤其是移植前处于疾病稳定状态的患者。对于 1份脐血有核细胞不足的成人患者 2     

脐血造血干细胞移植治疗β-地中海贫血

目的评价异基因脐血造血干细胞移植(allo-UCBT)治疗β地中海贫血(β地贫)的疗效。方法用异基因同胞脐血造血干细胞移植治疗重症β地贫5例(基因型β41-42纯合子,β654纯合子,β41-42/β654、β41-42/-28、β654/-28双重杂合子各1例)。中位年龄46个月(42个月～86个月)。HLA配型供、受者全相合4例,1个位点不全相合1例。输入脐血有核细胞中位数为5.5(4.7～7.7)×10     

第二次移植治疗异基因造血干细胞移植后复发白血病的临床研究

目的　评价第二次异基因造血干细胞移植 (allo HSCT)治疗allo HSCT后复发白血病的疗效。方法　回顾分析因allo HSCT后复发而进行第二次allo HSCT的 1 0例白血病患者临床资料。其中急性髓系白血病 5例 ,急性淋巴细胞白血病 4例 ,慢性髓系白血病 1例。第一次HSCT后中位复发时间 1 4 1d(34～ 5 4 5d)。第二次HSCT时预处理方案包括 :以中剂量阿糖胞苷 (Ara C)为主的联合化疗 5例 ;以白消安为主的联合化疗 3例 ;含常规剂量Ara C的联合化疗 1例 ;氟达拉宾 /马法兰 1例。移植物抗宿主病 (GVHD)预防方案 :单用环孢菌素 (CsA) 2例 ,CsA 短疗程甲氨蝶呤 1例 ,短疗程他克莫司 1例 ,6例未预防。输注外周血单个核细胞中位数 6 .1× 1 0 8/kg[(1 .9～ 1 1 .8)× 1 0 8/kg]。 结果　可评价的 8例患者均造血重建 ,达中性粒细胞绝对值 >0 .5× 1 0 9/L、血小板 >2 0× 1 0 9/L中位时间分别为移植后 1 1d(3～ 1 7d)、1 2d(9～ 2 3d)。发生Ⅰ度急性GVHD 4例 ,Ⅱ度急性GVHD 3例。可评价的 6例中 5例发生局限型慢性GVHD。 2例无病生存 986d和 1 91 3d。移植相关死亡 5例。复发 3例 ,均死亡。 2年实际无病生存率、移植相关死亡率、复发率分别为 2 0 %、5 0 %和 30 %。结论　第二次allo HSCT是治疗allo HSCT后复发白血病的有效     

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for malignant hematologic disorders in children.

In the present study we carried out allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in 14 leukemia children with high risk prognostic factors. Six patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), four with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), two with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and two with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Among these patients, six with ANLL, two with ALL, one with CML and one with MDS were alive in complete remission 8 to 58 months post-BMT. Four patients died of relapse (one with ALL, and one with MDS), and chronic GVHD (one with ALL and one with CML). In six patients recombinant granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF) was used to shorten the period of granulocytopenia. The mean time of recovery to granulocyte count of 500/mm3 was 13.2 days in the rG-CSF+ group, being 15.9 days faster than that in the rG-CSF- group. In light of these results, allogeneic BMT is shown to be a choice of treatment for leukemia children with high risk prognostic factors and rG-CSF may be an effective reagent to prevent infectious episodes in BMT.     

ABO血型不合的非清髓异基因外周血干细胞移植

为了探讨ABO血型不合对HLA相合的非清髓异基因外周血干细胞移植(NAST)的影响,回顾分析了15例ABO血型主要不舍,9例次要不合的HLA相合的NAST的临床特点,并选用同期ABO血型相合的NAST作成组比较。结果显示：24例ABO血型不合的NAST受者在输入供者外周血千细胞悬液时无1例发生急性溶血,但有2例发生迟发性溶血。统计学分析表明,ABO血型不合对NAST骨髓植活、血小板恢复、GVHD、疾病复发及无病生存均无影响。在ABO血型主要不合组,红系开始恢复时间明显延迟,其中1例“0”型血受者发生纯红细胞再生障碍,持续5个月。结论：ABO血型不合不是NAST的障碍,仅在ABO血型主要不合时．红系恢复时间延迟。     

异基因外周血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病的临床研究

目的 评价异基因外周血干细胞移植（ａｌｌｏＰＢＳＣＴ） 治疗恶性血液病的疗效。方法 用异基因外周血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病１６ 例,其中急性淋巴细胞白血病５ 例（ＣＲ１ ４ 例,ＣＲ２ １ 例） , 急性非淋巴细胞白血病２ 例（ＣＲ１） ,慢性粒细胞白血病８ 例（ＣＰ５ 例,ＡＰ３ 例） ,非霍奇金淋巴瘤１ 例（ＰＲ） 。中位年龄３３（１８ ～４９） 岁。预处理方案：ＴＢＩ９ ～１０ Ｇｙ（ 分２ 次照射） ＋ ＣＴＸ １２０ ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ 或ＴＢＩ１０Ｇｙ ＋ＣＴＸ１２０ ｍｇ／ｋｇ ＋ Ｖｐ１６ ５００ ｍｇ 。预防移植物抗宿主病（ ＧＶＨＤ） 方案：ＣｓＡ＋ 短程ＭＴＸ。供者年龄中位数３２（１４ ～５２） 岁, 用ＧＣＳＦ５μｇ ·ｋｇ － １ ·ｄ － １ ×５ ～６ 天进行造血干细胞动员, 分离单个核细胞中位数９ ×１０８／ｋｇ［５ ．７９ ～１３ ．７０） ×１０８／ｋｇ］ ,ＣＤ３４ ＋ 细胞中位数１３ ．９ ×１０６／ｋｇ［５ ．６９ ～４９ ．００） ×１０６／ ｋｇ］ 。结果全部患者移植后均重建造血,仅１ 例（ＡＢＯ 血型不合） 红系延迟重建。粒细胞＞ ０ ．５ ×１０９／ Ｌ 中位数１２（１０ ～１５） 天,血小板＞ ３０ ×１０９／Ｌ 中位数１３（８ ～２４） 天     

供者淋巴细胞输注治疗HLA不合造血干细胞移植后白血病复发

目的 观察HLA不合造血干细胞移植(HSCT)后白血病复发患者中进行供者淋巴细胞输注(DLI)的有效性及安全性.方法 对HLA不合HSCT后复发患者进行G-CSF动员的DLI联合移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)预防、部分联合化疗,并观察GVHD发生、白血病缓解以及长期生存情况.结果 24例HSCT后白血病复发患者DLI后8例发生Ⅲ～Ⅳ度GVHD.短期GVHD预防可显著减少重度GVHD发生(P=0.020).8例发生慢性GVHD.3例出现骨髓抑制.16例白血病患者获完全缓解.9例无病存活,随访时间1310(961～1914)d.移植后1年和2年无病存活率分别为60%和40%.复发时骨髓幼稚细胞数量影响DLI后的缓解率和生存率,DLI后发生慢性广泛型GVHD与白血病完全缓解呈正相关(P=0.046).3例Ph阳性急性淋巴细胞白血病全部死于复发.结论 经G-CSF动员的DLI联合GVHD预防、部分联合化疗可以作为HLA不合HSCT后白血病复发的治疗手段.     

慢性髓系白血病不同bcr/abl融合基因转录子与临床关系的研究

目的研究慢性髓系白血病(CML)bcr/abl融合基因转录子类型与临床的关系.方法采用RT-PCR技术检测537例临床怀疑CML的患者新鲜骨髓标本三种bcr/abl(M、m及μ型)融合基因的表达.结果 479例CML患者 M-bcr/abl阳性,其中慢性期(CP)370例,加速/急变期(AP/BC)109例,CP期和AP/BC期患者表达b2a2型融合基因转录子的百分率分别为32.4%(370例中120例)及36.7%(109例中40例)(P>0.05),急淋变及急髓变患者b2a2型百分率分别为52.6%(19例中10例)及33.3%(90例中30例) (P>0.05);b3a2型患者初诊时外周血血小板数明显高于b2a2型患者[(485.9±333.8)×109/L] vs [(380.5±321.9)ⅹ109/L](P<0.05);66.0%CP及64.4%AP/BC患者同时表达M-bcr/abl及m-bcr/abl;1例单纯m-bcr/abl(+)患者表现为急性髓系白血病(AML);2例μ-bcr/abl(+)患者均具有典型CML表现.结论典型CML患者几乎均为M-bcr/abl融合基因阳性,大部分患者同时伴有m-bcr/abl表达,个别CML患者可以为μ型;除了急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)外,单纯m-bcr/abl(+)也可见于AML或CML急粒变的患者; b3a2型患者初诊时更易有血小板数增高表现.     

异基因外周血干细胞移植治疗白血病中移植物抗宿主病的研究

目的　分析异基因外周血造血干细胞移植 (allo PBSCT)治疗白血病过程中移植物抗宿主病 (GVHD)的发生状况 ,探讨其有效防治方法。方法　allo PBSCT治疗白血病 5 0例 (急性 2 9例 ,慢性 2 1例 ) ;预处理采用环磷酰胺 (CTX) +足叶乙甙 (Vp16 ) +全身照射 (TBI)或CTX +TBI方案 ;32例患者GVHD预防采用常规环孢菌素A(CsA) +短程甲氨蝶呤 (MTX)方案 ;18例患者采用霉酚酸酯 (MMF)联合CsA +短程MTX方案。结果　患者经allo PBSCT均获得造血功能重建 ,中性粒细胞 >0 .5× 10 9 L和血小板 >2 0× 10 9 L时间分别为移植后 14 (10～ 2 2 )d和 2 0 (10～ 6 8)d。发生急性GVHD(aGVHD) 2 0例(40 % ) ,其中Ⅲ～Ⅳ度 6例 (12 % )。生存 6个月以上可评价的 33例中 2 2例 (6 6 7% )发生慢性GVHD(cGVHD) ,其中广泛性 11例 (33.3% )。aGVHD阳性组可溶性白细胞介素 2受体 (sIL 2R)水平为 (2 77.3± 2 6 .4 )U L ,CD2 5+ 细胞为 (8.1± 3.4 ) % ,明显高于aGVHD阴性组 [分别为 (12 8.1± 96 .7)U L和 (3.6±1.7) % ](P <0 .0 5 )。采用MMF联合CsA +MTX方案组aGVHD和广泛性cGVHD发生率分别为 16 .7%和 9.1% ,明显低于常规CsA +MTX方案组 (分别为 5 3.1%和 4 5 .5 % ) (P <0 .0 5 )。本组患者中位随访30 (3～ 70 )个月 ,GVHD阳性组     

Peripheral blood stem cell collection from healthy donors for allogeneic transplantation

There is great interest in the use of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) for allogeneic transplantation, based on the good results seen with autologous PBSC infusion. Reasonable caution exists regarding the use of allogeneic PBSC for transplantation because of donor toxicities due to rhG-CSF administration and the risk of graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) in the recipient because of the large number of T-cell infused. We present preliminary data on allogeneic PBSC collections and transplantation in ten patients affected by advanced leukemia (eight patients), severe aplastic anemia (one patient) and sickle cell anemia (one patient). Seven donors were HLA-identical siblings, while the other three were mismatched for three, two and one locus, respectively. All donors received rhG-CSF at a dose of 12 micrograms/kg for a mean of 5 days. Leukaphereses were performed with the aim of collecting a minimum of 5 x 10(6)/kg (recipient's weight) CD 34+ cells. Collection timing was determined by monitoring CD 34+ cells in the donor's peripheral blood from the second day of rhG-CSF therapy. The PBSC collections yielded a mean of 10.05 x 10(8) MNCs/kg and of 10.48 x 10(6) CD 34+ cells/kg (recipient's weight). PBSC were immediately infused after collection in patients given myeloablative therapy. Engraftment was observed in each patient at a mean of 13.2 days for an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) more than 0.5 x 10(9)/L and of 26.5 days for a platelet count of more than 20 x 10(9)/L. Eight patients experienced no or moderate acute GVHD, whereas two patients died of grade 4 GVHD, notwithstanding GVHD prophylaxis with cyclosporine and prednisone. Two other patients died of viral and fungal infections, respectively, despite prophylaxis. The remaining six patients are alive between 58 and 430 days after transplant. Our results document that allogeneic PBSC are capable of engraftment after a myeloablative regimen. Controlled trials are necessary to compare the potential benefits of this approach with the results obtained in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.