腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术治疗嵌顿性输尿管上段结石的手术技巧

目的:探讨腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术治疗嵌顿性输尿管上段结石的临床经验、手术技巧与疗效。方法:回顾分析2007年4月至2012年6月为55例嵌顿性输尿管上段结石患者行腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术的临床资料,其中男30例,女25例,平均(41.3±17.5)岁。结果:55例手术均获成功,无一例中转开放;手术时间平均(57.5±22.7)min,术中出血量平均(37.5±9.1)ml,术后10 d拔除导尿管,术后平均住院(5±0.8)d,术后2例发生尿漏,3例体温在38.5度以上。术后1周复查腹部立位平片及B超,提示均无结石残留。结论:腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术治疗嵌顿性上段输尿管结石安全、可行、有效,术中对结石的精确定位及输尿管壁的缝合技巧是手术成功的关键。     

后腹腔镜在输尿管切开取石术中的应用

目的探讨后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术治疗嵌顿性输尿管结石的临床价值和技术要点。方法2006年12月至2009年9月,对66例嵌顿性输尿管中上段结石采用后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术,术中取石后于镜下直接置入双J管,以4-0人工合成可吸收线（SAS）间段缝合输尿管切口。结果66例手术均获成功,无中转开放手术,结石清除率100％。术后创腔引流液量少,无一例发生尿漏。3-5d拔除引流管,1周出院,术后3周膀胱镜下拔除双J管。随访1-33个月,平均16.3个月,超声复查显示肾积水明显好转或消失,无结石复发。结论后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术治疗嵌顿性输尿管结石具有创伤小,疗效好、术后恢复快等特点,明显优于开放手术及其他手术,值得推广应用。     

后腹腔镜输尿管上段切开取石术

目的探讨后腹腔镜输尿管上段切开取石术的临床价值.方法采用后腹腔镜技术行输尿管上段切开取石术22例,经后腹腔操作,分离出上段输尿管和结石,用尖刀切开输尿管取出结石,常规在输尿管内置入支架管并缝合输尿管切口.结果1例因结石进入肾内术中改开放手术,1例术后出现持续漏尿500～800 ml/d,3d后改开放手术放置双J管治愈出院.余20例手术均获成功,手术时间50～240 min,平均110 min.术中出血量30～100 ml,平均50 ml.肠功能恢复时间12～30 h,平均18 h.术后住院5～8 d,平均6.8 d.手术成功的20例随访1～12个月,平均5.8月,B超及IVU复查,15例肾盂积水消失,5例轻度肾盂积水,无结石残余及输尿管狭窄.结论后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术是安全有效的治疗输尿管上段结石的方法,具有创伤小,恢复快等特点,对于较大的输尿管上段结石可作为首选的治疗方法.     

经腹腔入路腹腔镜治疗复杂性输尿管下段结石13例报告

目的：探讨经腹腔入路行腹腔镜输尿管下段切开取石术治疗复杂性输尿管结石的技术要点和应用价值。方法2008年6月～2013年10月对13例复杂性输尿管下段结石行经腹腹腔镜输尿管下段切开取石术,术中切开腹膜,游离结石段输尿管,纵行切开输尿管壁取出结石,输尿管内留置双J管,4-0可吸收线缝合切口2～3针,保留尿管及腹腔引流管。结果13例手术均成功,无中转开放手术。手术时间70～180 min,平均103．9 min;术中出血量30～120 ml,平均56．2 ml;术后引流管拔除时间1～6 d,平均2．7 d;术后住院时间4～9 d,平均5．6 d。术后出现漏尿1例,发现双J管回缩,第4天输尿管镜下调整双J管位置,尿漏消失,第6天拔出引流管。所有患者4周后B超检查,输尿管均无结石残留,经膀胱镜拔除双J管。13例随访3～12个月,平均7个月,手术侧肾盂积水消失5例,减轻7例,1例术前重度肾积水术后出现肾脏萎缩。结论经腹腔入路腹腔镜输尿管下段切开取石术安全可行,结石取净率高,创伤小、恢复快,是治疗复杂性输尿管下段结石的可靠方法。     

经腹腔腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术

目的 :总结腹腔镜经腹输尿管切开取石术的经验。方法 :腹腔镜经腹输尿管切开取石术 2 0例 ,平均 4 0岁 ,结石直径 5～ 1 8mm ,根据X线定位 ,切开后腹膜 ,暴露输尿管 ,用自制刀切开输尿管取出结石。置入双J管 ,缝合切口。结果 :2 0例手术均获成功。随访 1～ 5个月无并发症发生。结论 :腹腔镜经腹输尿管切开取石术疗效好 ,患者痛苦小。     

后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术治疗嵌顿性输尿管上段结石

目的探讨后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术治疗输尿管上段嵌顿性结石的临床效果。方法 2006年10月~2013年3月我院应用三套管技术对60例输尿管上段结石行后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术,取石后镜下置入双J管,3-0可吸收线间断缝合输尿管切口。结果手术均获成功,无中转开腹。手术时间40~120 min,平均60 min;出血量50~150 ml,平均75 ml。结石清除率98.3%(59/60),部分结石上移至肾盂1例。术后住院5~7d,尿漏1例。术后2~4周拔出双J管。31例随访3~12个月,平均4个月,B超、KUB及静脉尿路造影检查均显示输尿管无狭窄及结石复发,轻度肾盂扩张(4例)或无肾积水(27例)。结论后腹腔腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术治疗输尿管上段嵌顿性结石安全、有效,结石清除率高,良好的双J管引流和镜下缝合打结技术是腹腔镜切开取石术成功的关键。     

腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术的应用体会(附62例报告)

目的:探讨腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术治疗输尿管结石的适应证、手术技巧及临床效果。方法:回顾分析腹膜后腹腔镜肾盂、输尿管切开取石术治疗输尿管结石62例患者的临床资料,其中肾盂结石8例,输尿管上段结石50例,中段结石4例。术前6例行体外冲击波碎石术(extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy,ESWL)无效,5例行输尿管镜取石术失败,余未行其他治疗。结石直径10～25mm。结果:62例腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术均获成功,手术时间35～120min,平均50min;术中出血5～30ml,平均15ml。无输血及中转开腹,术后漏尿4例。术后5～7d拔除后腹膜腔引流管,术后住院6～8d。随访55例6～18个月,肾积水均明显好转,无结石复发和输尿管切开处狭窄。结论:腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术可作为ESWL或输尿管镜治疗输尿管结石失败的补救措施,具有安全、可靠、创伤小、净石率高等优点。治疗较大的中上段输尿管结石尤其炎性包裹的结石可作为首选方法。     

后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术30例报告

目的 探讨后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术的临床疗效.方法 对30例输尿管上段结石行腹腔镜经腹膜后径路输尿管切开取石术,术中均留置双J管.结果 手术成功28例,中转开放手术2例.手术时间(90±20)min,术中出血量(30±5)ml,平均住院时间(5±0.5)d.30例随访3个月～3年,无中、远期并发症.结论 后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术微创、安全、有效,值得临床推广应用.     

后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术技巧总结(附61例报告)

目的 探讨后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术治疗输尿管上段结石的手术技巧.方法 回顾性分析采用后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术治疗输尿管上段结石61例患者的临床资料,结石直径6～26mm,平均12.7mm,其中58例患者病程大于2个月.镜下放置5F ～7F输尿管双J管并缝合输尿管切口.结果 61例手术有2例中转开放手术,其余59例均获成功;手术时间 40～135min,平均53min;术中出血平均18ml;腹膜后引流管留置术后1～4天拔除,双J管术后2～4周拔除,无尿漏等并发症发生,术后住院时间4～9天.52例获随访2 ～24个月,所有患侧肾积水好转,无结石复发、输尿管狭窄等并发症出现.结论 采用合理的手术技巧,术中快速放置双J管,后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术损伤小、手术时间较短、术后恢复快、疗效确切,并发症少,是治疗输尿管上段结石可选择的微创方法,对于无腹膜后手术史,结石较大、其他治疗方法失败者可作为首选术式.     

腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术28例报告

目的：探讨腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术的临床疗效。方法：对采用腹膜后腹腔镜手术治疗的28例输尿管中上段结石患者的资料进行分析。结果：28例手术均获成功,手术时间80～150min,平均115min,术中出血量20～60ml,平均35ml。术后住院5～7d。术中腹膜破裂2例,术后漏尿1例。26例随访3～18个月,无输尿管切开处狭窄及结石复发。结论：腹膜后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术安全、有效、微创,值得临床推广应用。     

杭州健康女性定量骨超声测定原发性骨质疏松

目的 评价杭州健康女性骨超声速度(SOS)值随增龄减少和骨质疏松患病率，建立杭州地区女性骨超声速度值参考数据库。方法 定量超声法测定1208例杭州地区健康女性桡骨远端(RAD)，第3指骨近节(PLX)，第V跖骨(MTR)和胫骨中段(TIB)的超声速度值。结果 RAD、PLX、MTR和TIBSOS峰值(Peak of SOS)均出现在40-45岁，TJB的SOS峰值出现在35—40岁，此后随年龄增长而下降。绝经后妇女在绝经后早期和晚期各有1个SOS快速减少期，前见于桡骨近端，平均年减少率为2．4％，后见于胫骨中段，平均年减少率为1．8％。各部位骨SOS累积减少率随年龄增长而增加，到85岁4部位累积减少为13％-18％。60岁以后骨质疏松性症(OP)检出率为45％-70％，OP检出率以桡骨远端最高，60-70岁平均为67％，第3指骨近端次之约50％，胫骨中段最低为36％；75岁以后分别为70％，65％和45％。结论 全身各部位骨超声速度值到达峰值的年龄不同，峰值也各有差异。绝经后妇女骨超声速度值随年龄增加减少较快，应予激素和补钙治疗，桡骨远端为本地区SOS检测和OP检出的敏感部位。     

Importance of echocardiography in prognosis of surgical outcomes in cholecystitis in elderly patients

The authors propose to use more often echocardiography (EchoCG) in examination of elderly (over 60 years) of age patients with cholecystitis that permits to increase surgical activity to 92.4%. Left ventricular ejection fraction is the most informative. When this fraction is lower than 45% surgery must be recommended on vital indications only. EchoCG was used in 155 patients with cholecystitis, 131 of them were operated. 2 (1.52%) patients died due to acute cardio-vascular insufficiency and pulmonary artery thromboembolism.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

目的 评价脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用.方法 健康雄性C3H/He小鼠40只,周龄8～10周,体重18～22 g,随机分为4组(n=10):假手术组(S组)、骨癌痛组(B组)、PBS组(P组)和米诺环素组(M组).S组跟骨骨髓腔内注射PBS 10 μl;余3组跟骨骨髓腔内注射含2×105个骨纤维肉瘤细胞的PBS 10 μl制备骨癌痛模型,于造模前即刻开始PBS组鞘内注射PBS 5μl,M组鞘内注射米诺环素(用PBS溶解为0.2 mmol/L)5μl,1次/d,连续11 d.于造模前1 d、造模后即刻、3、5、7、9、11 d时测定机械痛阈;于造模后3、7、9、11 d机械痛阈测定结束后测定冷痛阈.痛阈测定结束后处死小鼠,取脊髓组织,测定神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)和CD11b的表达水平.结果 与S组比较,B组和P组造模后3-11 d时、M组造模后3、5 d时机械痛阈升高,B组、P组和M组造模后7～11 d时冷痛阈升高,脊髓CD11b和GFAP表达上调(P<0.05).与B组比较,M组造模后3-11 d时机械痛阈降低,造模后7-11 d时冷痛阈降低,脊髓CD11b和GFAP表达下调(P<0.05).结论 脊髓胶质细胞(星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞)的激活参与了小鼠骨癌痛的形成.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.     

脊髓胶质细胞在小鼠骨癌痛形成中的作用

Objective To evaluate the role of gliocyte in the spinal cord in the development of bone cancer pain (BCP) in mice. Methods Forty male C3H/He mice aged 8-10 weeks weighing 18-22 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (group S) , group II BCP, group Ⅲ PBS and group IV minocyline (group M) . In group BCP, PBS and M, bone cancer pain was produced by injection of NCTC2472 fibrosarcoma cell suspension (2 x 105 cells) 10 μl into medullary cavity of calcaneus bone, while in group S, PBS solution 10 μl was injected instead of cancer cell suspension. In group PBS and M, PBS 5 μl and minocyline 5 μl (dissolved to 0.2 mmol/L in PBS)_were given IT immediately before cancer cell inoculation once a day for 11 consecutive days respectively. Mechanical pain threshold was measured at 1 d before cancer cell inoculation, and at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. Cold pain threshold was measured at 3, 7, 9 and 11d after cancer cell inoculation. The animals were killed after measurement of pain threshold and L4-6, segment of spinal cord was removed for determination of GFAP and CD11b expression by Western blot. Results Compared with group S, mechanical pain threshold was significantly increased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation in group BCP and PBS, and at 3 and S d after cancer cell inoculation in group M, and cold pain threshold was significantly increased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was up-regulated in group BCP, PBS and M ( P < 0.05) . Compared with group BCP, mechanical pain threshold was significantly decreased at 3-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, cold pain threshold was significantly decreased at 7-11 d after cancer cell inoculation, and expression of CD11b and GFAP was down-regulated in group M ( P <0.05) . ConclusionThe activiton of gliocyte in the spinal cord is involved in the development of bone cancer pian in mice.