G1Na-TK基因转染联合无环鸟苷(ACV)对人肾癌细胞株GRC-1细胞的体外杀伤作用

目的：探索ＨＳＶ１－ＴＫ基因联合应用无环鸟苷（ＡＣＶ）对人肾癌细胞株ＧＲＣ－１细胞的杀伤作用。方法对分别培养及混合培养的ＧＲＣ－１细胞和ＣＲＣ１－ＴＫ细胞,用不同浓度ＡＣＶ进行处理,然后观察细胞形态及数量的改变。结果在ＡＣＶ作用下,ＧＲＣ－１细胞的形态及数量无明显改变;ＧＲＣ－１／ＴＫ细胞被明显杀伤,数量明显减少,当今２５．０％ＧＲＣ－１／ＴＫ细胞的混合培养细胞即可观察到明显杀伤作用。结论ＨＳＶ１     

逆转录病毒介导的人肝癌特异性HSV－tk／ACV的体外抗肝癌作用

目的：建立肝癌特异性前药转换基因治疗的方法。方法和结果：构建携带单纯疮疹病毒胸苷激酶基因（ＨＳＶ－ｔｋ）的人肝癌特异性逆转录病毒载体，经过ＰＡ３１７细胞包装及病毒滴度测定后，感染肝癌ＨｅｐＧ２和ＳＭＭＣ７７２１细胞，用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交方法证明ＨＳＶ－ｔｋ基因在ＡＦＰ高分泌的ＨｅｐＧ２细胞中得到特异转录，以阿昔洛韦（ＡＣＶ）为前药攻击转基因的肝癌细胞显示对ＨｅｐＧ２有相对选择性杀伤作用。结论：该ＡＦＰｅ／ＨＳＶ－ｔｋ／前药转换疗法为肝癌特异性基因治疗提供了有价值的资料。     

环丙氧苷诱导转导有外源HSV—tk基因的C6胶质瘤细胞的 …

目的 观察单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶基因（ＨＳＶ－ｔｋ）－环丙氧苷（ＧＣＶ）系统在胶质瘤基因治疗过程中,ＧＣＶ能否诱导转导有ＨＳＶ－ｔｋ基因的胶质瘤细胞凋亡。方法 采用光镜、电镜和荧光显微镜观察转导有ＨＳＶ－ｔｋ基因的大鼠Ｃ６／ｔｋ胶质瘤细胞形态学的改变,以末转导ＨＳＶ－ｔｋ基因的Ｃ６细胞作为对照,并以流式细胞术,ＤＮＡ凝胶电流分析进一步验证细胞凋亡的发生。结果 在５μｇ／ｍｌ ＧＣＶ作用７２ｈ后,Ｃ６     

逆转录病毒介导的人肝癌特异性的HSV—tk／ACV的体外抗肝癌作用

目的；建立肝癌特异性前药转换基因治疗的方法。方法和结果；构建携带单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶基因（ＨＳＶ－ｔｋ）的人肝癌特异性逆转录病毒载体，经过ＰＡ３１７细胞包装及病毒滴度测定后，感染肝癌ＨｅｐＧ２和ＳＭＭＣ７７２１细胞，用Ｎｏｒｈｅｒｎ杂交方法证明ＨＳＶ－ｔｋ基因在ＡＦＰ高分泌的ＨｅｐＧ２细胞中得到特异转录，以阿昔洛韦（ＡＣＶ）为前药攻击转基因的肝癌细胞呈示对ＨｅｐＧ２有相对选择性杀伤作用。结论；该Ａ     

反转录病毒介导基因转移治疗脑肿瘤的安全性研究：Ⅱ.HSV—tk／A …

采用细胞接种、Ｘ－ｇａｌ染色、ＴＫ基因的ＰＣＲ和病理切片观察,分别将ＰＡ３１７／ＢＡＧ,ＰＡ３１７／ＴＫ产病毒细胞注射动物体内,结果产病毒细胞在动物体内存活期均不超过１个月;产病毒细胞在体内有形成肿瘤,也没有发现严重的炎症 反应;ＨＳＶ－ｔｋ／ＡＣＶ系统用于动物基因治疗,ＡＣＶ及其代谢物产物没有发现明显的毒副作用和病理改变。说明反转录病毒介导的ＨＳＶ－ｔｋ／ＡＶＣ系统的在动物体内取得了安全的结果。     

神经胶质瘤基因治疗中旁观者效应的动物试验

目的：探讨单纯疱疹病毒（ＨＳＶ）Ｉ型胸苷激酶（ＴＫ）基因逆转录病毒载体生长细胞（ｐＬＴＫｃＳＮ／ＶＰＣ）和更昔洛韦（ＧＣＶ）系统杀伤大鼠脑内神经胶质瘤细胞的旁观者效应。方法：用Ｃ６，Ｃ６ＸＳＮ，Ｃ６ＴＫ及不同比例的ＴＫ（＋）和ＴＫ（－）混合细胞接种于大鼠右侧额叶脑内，５ｄ后动物腹腔内注射ＧＣＶ溶液，剂量为１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，每日２次，共１０ｄ。细胞接种后３周，所有动物处死，测量肿瘤大小，计算各组动物的     

HSV—tk基因反转录病毒载体的构建及体外抗脑肿瘤细胞作用研究

构建了含有ｐｇｋ启动子驱动的ＨＳＶ－ｔｋ基因的反转病毒载体ｐＬＮＴＫ，ＰＣＲ证实ｐＬＮＴＫｄ成功地转移到ＳＨＧ４４及ＮＢＡ２细胞，体外实验证实，表达ＨＳＶ－ｔｋ细胞对ＡＣＶ的敏感性明显高于未修饰的亲本细胞，ＳＨＧＬＮＴＫ，ＮＡＬＮＴＫ细胞地ＡＣＶ的敏感性分别是其亲本细胞的１０００，５００倍，＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法证实转染ＨＳＶ－ｔｋ细胞在ＡＣＶ存在下，其ＤＮＡ合成能力较亲本细胞明显抑制，共培养实验证     

单纯疱疹病毒TK基因介导GCV治疗人RB肿瘤的实验研究

为探讨ＨＳＶ－ＴＫ基因介导的ＧＣＶ系统对人视网膜母细胞瘤（ＲＢ）基因治疗的有效性,利用电穿孔技术把重组逆转录病毒载体ｐＬＸＳＮ－ＴＫ导入包装细胞ＰＡ３１７,筛选出逆转录病毒产生细胞ＰＡ３１７／ＴＫ,收获病毒。体外实验：用逆转录病毒感染ＲＢ细胞,筛选出含ＴＫ基因的ＲＢ细胞（ＲＢ／ＴＫ）,用ＧＣＶ分别处理ＲＢ,ＲＢ／ＴＫ及不同比例的混合细胞。体内实验：建立人ＲＢ裸鼠原位异种移植模型,瘤内注射病毒液后再     

腺病毒介导胸苷激酶基因治疗肝癌的实验研究

目的：观察腺病毒介导胸苷激酶基因联合抗病毒药物对人肝癌细胞（ＨｅｐＧ２）的杀伤作用。方法：利用腺病毒载体将单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶基因（ＨＳＶ－ＴＫ）导入体外培养的ＨｅｐＧ２中,再加入羟基无环鸟苷（ＧＣＶ）,观察其对ＨｅｐＧ２细胞的杀伤效应。结果：在感染复数（ＭＯＩ）小于１００或ＧＣＶ浓度小于４００ｕｇ／ｍｌ范围内,单独应用载体或ＧＣＶ,对培养细胞的形态与存活率均无明显影响。当两者合并应用时,ＧＣＶ在     

树鼩实验性肝癌过程中GGT酶阳性肝细胞灶、IGF-Ⅱ及HBxAg异常表达

动态观察ＨＢＶ与ＡＦＢ１诱发树肝细胞癌（ＨＣＣ）病变过程中肝癌前病变γ－谷氨酰转肽酶阳性肝细胞灶（ＧＧＴ阳性灶）、胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ（ⅠＧＦ－Ⅱ）发生情况，探讨ＨＣＣ发生的可能机制。实验动物分４组，Ａ组：ＨＢＶ阳性和摄入ＡＦＢ１；Ｂ组：ＨＢＶ阳性组；Ｃ组：摄入ＡＦＢ１；Ｄ组：空白对照。组织化学及免疫组织化学检测肝活检组织。结果：（１）肝癌前病变ＧＧＴ阳性灶在各实验组不仅灶数量，而且灶大小均明显高于空白组（Ｐ＜０．０５），且双诱癌因素组（Ａ）灶数量明显大于单诱癌因素组（Ｂ、Ｃ）（Ｐ＜０．０５）；（２）实验第１５周，即有ＩＧＦ－Ⅱ阳性表达，在第４５周阳性率明显高于第７５周（Ｐ＜０．０５）；（３）ＨＢＶ感染组（Ａ，Ｂ）动物肝组织中ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性率高达９２．１％，首次在树肝组织中检出ＨＢｘＡｇ，且阳性率达８６．５％。提示：ＨＢＶ与ＡＦＢ１协同致树ＨＣＣ；ＨＣＣ发生早期就有ⅠＧＦ－Ⅱ异常表达。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.