多层螺旋CT在胆石性肠梗阻诊断中的价值

目的 探讨多层螺旋CT在胆石性肠梗阻诊断中的价值.方法 回顾分析15例经手术证实的胆石性肠梗阻病例的临床及影像资料.15例均行全腹部CT平扫、X线腹部平片和腹部超声检查.结果 多层螺旋CT显示肠梗阻共15例,不完全性小肠梗阻12例,完全性肠梗阻3例;异位结石15例,其中9例位于回肠,4例位于空肠, 1例于胆囊内及回肠内均可见结石,1例于胆囊-十二指肠瘘口及回肠内各见一结石;胆囊积气15例,胆道积气13例;胆囊窝结构紊乱15例,其中6例MPR图像清晰显示胆囊-十二指肠瘘.多层螺旋CT的诊断准确率可达100%.结论 多层螺旋CT在胆石性肠梗阻的定位和定性诊断中具有重要价值,为手术方案的制订提供影像学信息.     

X线及CT联合应用对胆石性肠梗阻的诊断价值

目的：探讨X线及CT联合应用对胆石性肠梗的阻诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析10例胆石性肠梗阻患者的X线及CT表现。结果：10例患者中2例胆结石位于十二指肠,4例胆结石位于空肠,3例胆结石位于回肠,1例胆结石位于横结肠,结石直径2．5～6．5cn2,平均3．5cm;4例出现胆囊一十二指肠瘘,1例出现胆囊一结肠瘘,1例出现胆囊一十二指肠一结肠复合瘘,瘘口平均直径约1．5cm,其影像学表现包括肠管扩张积气积液、梗阻段肠腔内环形高密度结石影、胆囊积气及消化道造影剂外漏。结论：X线及CT联合应用可明确诊断胆石性肠梗阻,为临床治疗提供重要信息。     

胆石性肠梗阻的CT诊断

目的:评价CT对胆石性肠梗阻的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析5例经手术证实的胆石性肠梗阻患者的CT检查资料及临床表现。结果:所有病例CT表现均见肠腔内异位结石、肠梗阻、胆系积气及胆囊窝结构紊乱,1例显示腹腔游离积液,1例结石位于十二指肠降段,1例结石位于空肠,另3例结石位于回肠。结石呈圆形或椭圆形,直径2.5~5cm,梗阻以上肠管扩张,可见气液平,1例完全性肠梗阻病例梗阻以下肠管空虚。5例术前CT诊断准确率为100%。结论:胆石性肠梗阻有典型的CT表现,CT是胆石性肠梗阻的最佳方法。     

胆囊十二指肠内瘘的CT诊断

目的：探讨MSCT对胆囊十二指肠内瘘的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析7例胆囊十二指肠内瘘的资料,7例均行MSCT检查,使用ADW 4.5后处理工作站对图像行MPR,分析其特征性影像学表现。结果：7例MSCT直接征象：4例瘘口位于十二指肠球部,3例位于降部;瘘口内径3～19 mm,平均8 mm。间接征象：胆囊形态萎陷、壁增厚（胆囊壁厚5～10 mm,平均8 mm）;胆囊十二指肠局部黏合,轮廓模糊;均有胆道系统积气;胆囊结石异位致机械性肠梗阻（5例梗阻位于十二指肠,2例梗阻位于空肠上段）。结论：MSCT不仅可清晰分辨胆囊与十二指肠间瘘口,还可观察胆囊形态、胆肠粘连、胆系积气、胆石性肠梗阻,对指导临床治疗具有重要价值。     

胆石性肠梗阻的CT诊断

目的探讨CT对胆石性肠梗阻的诊断价值。资料与方法回顾性分析8例经手术证实的胆石性肠梗阻患者的CT检查资料。所有病例均有胆囊结石、胆囊炎病史1～10年,并经B超和临床证实,其中5例有明确胆囊炎反复发作病史。发病时患者出现持续性中上腹痛,腹胀,恶心,呕吐,3例患者出现停止肛门排气排便典型肠梗阻症状,5例患者表现为不全性肠梗阻症状。结果所有病例CT图像上均可见胆囊窝结构紊乱,邻近胃窦或十二指肠降段壁增厚,胆囊空虚,胆囊及肝内胆管积气。1例胆石位于十二指肠降段;4例结石位于空肠段,其中2例结石位于屈氏韧带处;另3例结石位于回肠末段。结石呈圆形或椭圆形,直径2．7～5．0cm,梗阻以上肠管扩张,积气积液明显,可见液平面。3例完全性梗阻病例梗阻以下肠管空虚,5例不全梗阻病例梗阻以下肠管内仍可见少量气体及液体,结肠内可见粪便气体混合影。8例均在术前经CT得到正确诊断,准确率为100％。结论CT对胆石性肠梗阻的诊断准确性高。凡65岁以上老年人出现间歇性不完全性机械性肠梗阻,特别是既往有胆道病史而无腹部手术史者,应考虑胆石性肠梗阻的可能,应行CT检查明确诊断。     

MSCT对胆囊结石并十二指肠瘘的诊断价值

目的：探讨MSCT对胆囊结石并十二指肠瘘的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析6例经手术证实的胆囊结石并十二指肠瘘的CT表现。结果：6例患者中,胆囊萎缩4例,胆囊体积增大2例;胆囊内结石4例,胆囊无结石2例;胆囊壁钙化2例,胆囊内积气2例,胆管积气1例;6例胆囊周围结构显示均欠清晰,4例软组织块影包绕胆囊及十二指肠,3例结石性肠梗阻,结石位于回肠末端。结论：MSCT具有较高的密度分辨力及空间分辨力,结合多平面重组及临床资料,可对胆囊结石并十二指肠瘘的诊断提供重要信息。     

超声对胆石性肠梗阻的诊断价值

目的探讨胆石性肠梗阻的超声表现及诊断价值。资料与方法回顾性分析11例经手术病理证实的胆石性肠梗阻患者的临床资料与超声表现,并与X线平片、CT结果进行比较。结果 11例超声均显示肠腔内异位结石和肠梗阻征象,9例有胆道系统积气,8例可见胆囊变形、轮廓模糊,5例可见胆肠瘘直接征象,7例有少量腹水,5例可见局部肠壁增厚。结论超声检查胆石性肠梗阻有典型征象,对定位和定性诊断具有重要价值,可作为首选检查方法为临床选择治疗方案提供影像依据。     

胆石性肠梗阻的影像诊断

目的研究胆石性肠梗阻影像表现及其诊断价值.方法回顾性分析15例经临床证实的胆石性肠梗阻患者的影像表现及其诊断价值.结果所有病例CT表现均见肠梗阻征象、肠腔内迷走结石（异位结石）及胆囊、胆系积气,2例显示腹腔游离积液,除1例胆囊切除者外另14例均见胆囊变形,胆囊与十二指肠分界不清,4例可见明确显示胆肠瘘.5例同时进行了腹部立卧位X线平片检查,其中1例碘水造影显示机械性肠梗阻、肠腔内充盈缺损、胆肠瘘,1例显示胆管积气,3例显示肠梗阻征象,2例未见异常.7例同时进行了腹部超声检查,均提示胆囊异常,其中3例显示胆系积气.结论胆石性肠梗阻有典型的CT表现,CT是胆石性肠梗阻最佳诊断方法,X线平片及超声可以作为筛查手段.     

CT平扫对Bouveret综合征的诊断价值

目的探讨多层螺旋CT平扫对Bouveret综合征的诊断价值。资料与方法回顾性分析7例经手术证实的Bouveret综合征患者的CT表现及临床资料。结果 7例CT平扫均见肠腔内异位结石,结石上方肠梗阻,梗阻以下肠管空虚;胆道及胆囊积气2例,胆囊窝结构紊乱伴积气5例。结石位于空肠1例,位于回肠6例。1例随访可见胆石梗阻部位移动。结石呈圆形或类圆形,直径3～5 cm,高密度阳性结石4例,低密度阴性结石3例。7例术前CT平扫确诊为Bouveret综合征,准确率为100%。结论单纯CT平扫能对Bouveret综合征进行确诊,"肠袢扩张、胆系积气、异位结石"为Bouveret综合征三大重要的CT平扫表现。     

胆石性肠梗阻的影像学诊断

目的探讨胆石性肠梗阻的影像诊断价值。资料与方法回顾性分析7例经手术或内镜证实的胆石性肠梗阻患者的影像资料及临床表现,影像检查包括立卧位腹部平片7例,消化道碘水造影1例,CT检查6例,MRI检查2例。结果7例患者皆有程度不等的肠梗阻表现。6例CT检查见肠腔内异位结石,7例腹部平片中2例显示肠腔内异位结石,MRI检查的2例均见肠腔内异位结石,1例消化道造影示十二指肠充盈缺损,误为肿瘤性病变。腹部平片2例见胆囊区积气,6例CT见胆囊积气、胆囊窝结构紊乱,其中2例胆囊与十二指肠内气体相通,1例MRI显示胆囊与十二指肠间有高信号液体相通。结论胆石性肠梗阻影像检查中腹部平片除明确肠梗阻外,仔细寻找肠内阳性结石会对诊断有帮助,CT与MRI均能明确诊断,价值相仿。     

Gallstone ileus: An unusual cause of intestinal obstruction

Gallstone ileus is an infrequent cause of intestinal obstruction. It is typically the result of cholecystoduodenal fistula, computed tomography scan is the best modality for the diagnosis. Surgical removal of the gallstone is the pillar of treatment to relieve intestinal obstruction. We report the case of a 77-year-old male with features of a small bowel obstruction. Computed tomography scan of the abdomen showed pneumobilia, a cholecystoduodenal fistula, and small bowel obstruction features suspicious for gallstone ileus. The patient had a laparotomy and removal of two gallstones via an enterotomy without postoperative complications.     

Consecutive instances of gallstone ileus due to obstruction first at the ileum and then at the duodenum complicating a gallbladder carcinoma: a case report

Ectopic gallstone obstruction, gallstone ileus, due to cholecystoenteric fistula is an infrequent condition. Its occurrence as a complication of a gallbladder (GB) carcinoma is even more rare. We describe an unusual case of a GB carcinoma complicated by a cholecystoduodenal fistula leading to first gallstone obstruction in the ileum and then, later, in the duodenum, in which an accurate preoperative diagnosis was based on pathognomonic computerized tomography (CT) features. A correct diagnosis of this may be crucial and requires prompt surgical intervention; radiologists should be familiar with their classic CT appearance.     

Role of magnetic resonance imaging in Bouveret's syndrome: A case report with review of the literature

Bouveret's syndrome is a rare form of gallstone ileus occurring due to obstructing gallstone into the proximal duodenum through a cholecystoduodenal fistula. We report the case of a 72-year-old female presenting with abdominal pain secondary to a large gallstone in the region of the duodenal bulb, causing the upstream gastric obstruction. Here we discuss the clinical features, imaging technologies, and surgical management of Bouveret's syndrome.     

胆囊、十二指肠瘘的超声图表现

目的：探讨胆囊、十二指肠瘘超声图表现的病理基础。材料和方法：回顾分析７例经病理证实的胆囊、十二指肠瘘术前超声表现,并与手术所见对照。结果：７例胆囊、十二指肠瘘的超声检查表现：胆管和胆囊内积气;胆囊结构消失和原有胆囊内结石消失;小肠梗阻。结论：胆囊、十二指肠瘘的超声表现具有一定的特征,有助于临床诊断。     

胆囊十二指肠瘘的超声诊断

目的评价超声对胆囊十二指肠瘘的诊断价值。方法5例经手术证实为胆囊十二指肠瘘患者均经腹部超声检查。回顾性分析了全部病例的超声表现。结果超声显示5例的胆囊壁结构模糊,体积缩小,胆总管与肝内胆管内有不稳定闪烁状强回声反射。超声显示胆囊结石大小为1.0～7.0cm,其中,3例胆囊区见弧形强回声反射后伴声影,另2例胆囊内小结石声像图不典型。上消化道梗阻及胃潴留见于4例。结论超声诊断胆囊十二指肠瘘安全,无创,且有高的敏感性,可用于术前评价。     

Atypical cases of gallstone ileus evaluated with multidetector computed tomography

OBJECTIVE: To describe the multidetector computed tomography (CT) findings in 3 patients with atypical gallstone ileus. METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated computed radiography and CT images from three cases of surgically proven gallstone ileus. Two radiologists evaluated by consensus all images for the presence of ectopic gallstone, small bowel obstruction, intrahepatic pneumobilia, cholecystic pneumobilia. One author recorded whether diagnosis of gallstone ileus was made prospectively on radiologic reports and correlated findings to pathology. RESULTS: All cases of gallstone ileus were atypical in that one patient had porcelain gallbladder, one had recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, and one was only 35 years of age. Prospective clinical diagnosis of gallstone ileus was made in only 1 patient at computed radiography and all 3 patients at CT. Retrospectively, small bowel obstruction and cholecystic pneumobilia were identified retrospectively in all 3 patients at both computed radiography and MDCT, and an ectopic gallstone, intrahepatic pneumobilia, and choledochoduodenal fistula was seen in 2, 1, and 0 patients at computed radiography and 3, 2, and 3 patients at CT respectively. CONCLUSION: Multidetector CT is an accurate means to diagnose gallstone ileus, even in patients with atypical features. In particular, multidetector CT is useful for identifying the ectopic gallstone at the transition point between dilated and decompressed bowel.