IgG亚型与新生儿ABO溶血病的关系

目的探讨IgG亚型与新生儿ABO溶血病高胆红素血症的发生及危重程度的关系。方法对实验室诊断为新生儿ABO溶血病的患儿,用德国欧盟公司的亚型试剂盒测定其血清IgG亚型,并检测胆红素水平。结果153例实验室诊断为新生儿ABO溶血病的患儿中检测出IgG1和IgG3亚型的27例,其中24例发生高胆红素血症,检出IgG3亚型的全部发生高胆红素血症且胆红素增高明显。结论测定新生儿IgG亚型抗体,可有助于诊断新生儿ABO溶血病高胆红素血症的发生并预测其严重程度。     

孕妇IgG抗体效价与新生儿ABO血型不合溶血病的关系

目的 探讨孕妇IgG抗体效价与新生儿ABO血型不合溶血病（ABO-HDN）的关系。方法 选择2010年1月至2013年1月在荆门市第二人民医院及荆门市妇幼保健院产检至孕16周后、与配偶血型不合的O型血孕妇,采用微柱凝胶法抗人球蛋白试验测定孕妇IgG抗体效价,孕16~20周进行首次血型抗体检查,对抗体效价≥64的孕妇每4周测定一次,观察IgG抗体效价对新生儿发生ABO-HDN的影响。结果 纳入研究的1458例夫妻中,夫妻血型A-O组652例（44.7%）,B-O组620例（42.5%）,AB-O组186例（12.8%）,其中母婴血型O-A者573例,O-B者435例。孕妇首次抗体效价≥64者1368例,异常检测率93.8%。对抗体效价≥64的孕妇动态监测抗体效价,64、128、256和≥512各组HDN发生率分别为0、11.8%、22.9%和42.2%,不同抗体效价组间发生率差异有统计学意义（χ2=76.545,P〈0.001）,共发生ABO-HDN 249例（17.1%,249/1458）。结论 新生儿ABO-HDN的发生率随孕妇血型IgG抗体效价增高而升高,产前IgG抗体效价监测有助于筛选新生儿ABO-HDN高危人群。     

多种因素促使新生儿ABO溶血病发生高胆红素血症

本文观察30例经脐血血清学诊断为新生儿ABO溶血病后胆红素动态变化。22例出现高胆，8例黄疸呈生理性经过。高胆出现于生后24、48、72小时各为8例、11例、3例。作者认为，生后24小时发生高胆由多种因素所致，与脐血胆红素值、于血症、改良直接抗人球蛋白试验关系较大。生后24、48小时的胆红素值达到102．6μmol／L、153．9μmol／L可做为早期预防性光疗标准，能减少或避免重度黄疸的发生。     

152例新生儿ABO溶血病诊治分析

新生儿ABO溶血病（ABOHDN）是引起新生儿高胆红素血症的常见原因之一，严重者可引起胆红素脑病，导致神经系统后遗症，故早期诊断与治疗尤为重要。现将我院新生儿科2001年1月至2004年8月收治的ABOHDN 152例分析如下。     

新生儿ABO溶血症合并Rh溶血症5例

新生儿溶血病（hemolytic disease of the newborn，HDN）是指母胎血型不合引起胎儿或新生儿的同族免疫性溶血性疾病。据统计，我国新生儿溶血病ABO血型不合者占85％，Rh血型不合者占14．9％，MN血型不合者占0．1％，ABO溶血症合并Rh溶血症的病例罕见报道。     

孕妇产前IgG抗-A(B)抗原效价与新生儿高胆红素血症发生率关系探讨

目的 探讨O型血孕妇产前IgG抗-A(B)抗原效价与A(B)型血新生儿高胆红素血症发生率的关系.方法 对夫妻ABO血型不合的O型血孕妇测定IgG抗-A(B)抗原效价,对A(B)型血新生儿脐血做血清学检查,按孕妇妊娠的次数及检验结果 分组调查其高胆红素血症发生率和发病时间.结果 (1) 第一胎与第二胎以上妊娠的孕妇IgG抗-A(B)抗原效价无显著差别,脐血检验结果 差异无显著性,新生儿高胆红素血症发生率差异无显著性(P>0.05).(2) 孕妇IgG抗-A(B)抗原效价依次增高,新生儿抗体释放试验阳性率、游离抗体阳性率、高胆红素血症发生率差异均有非常显著性(P<0.01).(3) 孕妇IgG抗-A(B)抗原效价≤1∶64、抗体释放试验阳性的新生儿高胆红素血症发生率显著高于对照组的新生儿(P<0.01).(4) 孕妇IgG抗-A(B)抗原效价依次增高,新生儿在出生3d内高胆红素血症发生率差异无显著性(P>0.05).结论 妊娠次数与孕妇IgG抗-A(B)抗原效价及新生儿高胆红素血症发生率无显著关系;孕妇IgG抗-A(B)抗原效价≥1∶32时,新生儿发生高胆红素血症的危险增加;随着孕妇IgG抗-A(B)抗原效价增高,新生儿高胆红素血症发生的概率增大,但对新生儿发病时间无显著影响.     

静脉丙种球蛋白两种方法治疗新生儿ABO溶血病的疗效研究

新生儿ABO溶血病是新生儿早期高胆红素血症的主要原因之一，严重者可发生胆红素脑病，早期需积极治疗。我院自2003年1月至2006年12月采用静脉丙种球蛋白（IVIG）1d疗法（贵阳黔峰生物制品有限责任公司生产，5％2.5g／支）治疗新生儿ABO溶血病52例，3d疗法50例，以观察其疗效并进行疗效对比。     

静脉注射免疫球蛋白治疗新生儿ABO溶血病

目的 探讨静脉注射免疫球蛋白（IVIG0）治疗新生儿ABO溶血病的疗效。方法 将32例分为IVIG治疗组和常规治疗组，IVIG治疗组在常规治疗的基础上，静脉予IVIG。两组均在治疗前后检查血清总胆红素、末梢毛细血管红细胞计数（RBC）、血红蛋白（Hb）和红细胞压积（HCT）。结果 治疗3－4dIVIG组在皮肤黄疸消退时间及血清胆红素降低斋成于常规治疗组（P均＜0．001），两组在光疗时间无明显差异（P＞0．05）；常规治疗组的末梢毛细血管RBC、Hb和HCT显著低于治疗前（P均＜0．001），而IVIG组的三项指标治疗前后均无明显差异（P＞0．05）。结论 IVIG以降低新生儿ABO溶血病患儿的血清胆红素有显著疗效，可有效地防止或减轻溶血和高胆红素血症。     

不同剂量丙种球蛋白治疗ABO溶血病疗效比较

目的比较不同剂量静脉注射用丙种球蛋白(IVIG)治疗新生儿ABO血型不合溶血病的疗效。方法将出生后2 d内确诊的新生儿ABO血型不合溶血病患儿随机分为单剂组(70例)和多剂组(66例),单剂组静脉滴注IVIG 1 g/(kg.d),1 d;多剂组剂量500 mg/(kg.d),共3 d。生后第42天随访血红蛋白及生长发育等情况。结果单剂组需要双面光疗时间较多剂组短(P<0.01),两组患儿第42天血红蛋白水平、贫血发生率差异无显著性,两组患儿均不需换血治疗,均未发生胆红素脑病。结论单次大剂量IVIG(1 g/kg)治疗新生儿ABO血型不合溶血病是一种高效、经济、安全的治疗方法。     

大剂量静脉滴注丙种球蛋白治疗新生儿ABO溶血病的疗效观察

目的　观察大剂量静脉滴注丙种球蛋白(IVIG)治疗新生儿ABO溶血病的临床效果。方法　对符合新生儿ABO溶血病诊断标准且无其它合并症的63例患儿,分为常规治疗组和大剂量IVIG治疗组。IVIG治疗组在常规治疗的基础上给予IVIG80 0mg/kg·d静脉滴注,每日一次,连续3日。结果　IVIG治疗组在治疗前血清胆红素水平比较高的情况下,黄疸消退时间为4 1 8±1 0 3天,常规治疗组为5 .2 8±1 .5 0天,t=3.72 4 ,P <0.0 1。结论　大剂量静脉滴注丙种球蛋白协同治疗新生儿ABO溶血病临床效满意     

流式法检测红细胞膜抗体含量在新生儿ABO溶血病的诊断价值

目的用流式细胞仪检测新生儿高胆红素血症患儿红细胞膜的抗体含量并进行计数,以探讨红细胞膜抗体计数对新生儿ABO溶血病的早期诊断价值。方法收集患儿静脉血标本70例,其中51例为临床确诊的新生儿溶血病,19例为临床疑似病例,采用流式细胞仪计数患儿红细胞膜被同种血型抗体致敏后的抗体含量水平。结果51例临床确诊的新生儿ABO溶血病标本均可检测到红细胞膜被同种血型抗体致敏后的相关抗体,但红细胞膜抗体含量及致敏比例有明显差异;19例临床疑似病例中,9例检测到红细胞膜相关抗体,并与临床最后诊断相符,10例结果阴性,其中6例临床排除ABO溶血所致的高胆红素血症,另4例病因不明。结论流式细胞仪可以直接检测到患儿红细胞被同种血型抗体致敏后的抗体含量,特别是对红细胞膜上结合抗体数量少,卡式法检测阴性、临床又高度怀疑的溶血病患儿有重要的临床诊断价值。     

The spectrum of ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn infant.

A series of 1,704 infants of blood group O mothers have been studied to determine the relation between the degree of red cell sensitization and the cord hemoglobin and bilirubin concentrations. The infants with blood group A or B had significantly higher cord bilirubin and lower cord hemoglobin concentrations than the group O babies. Those infants whose red cells had the greatest evidence of sensitization had the highest bilirubin and lowest hemoglobin levels. The infants in whom no antibody was demonstrable on the red cells or in the red cell eluate also had significantly higher cord bilirubin and lower cord hemoglobin levels than the ABO compatible group; it is suggested that these infants had sufficient erythrocyte sensitization to produce mild hemolysis. ABO incompatibility represents a spectrum of hemolytic disease extending from those in which there is little laboratory evidence of erythrocyte sensitization, but evidence of hemolysis, to severe hemolytic disease in which erythrocyte sensitization is usually easily demonstrable.     

Direct hyperbilirubinemia complicating ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn

A retrospective study of the diagnostic implications of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia complicating ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) was done by studying the records of 264 infants with ABO-HDN. Direct hyperbilirubinemia was found to complicate ABO-HDN in 3 per cent of the infants, all being full term. Eighty-seven per cent were female and familial occurrence was noted in half of the cases. Most of the infants presented with anemia on the first day of life. Our data suggest that this is a benign complication of ABO-HDN which clears within a month.     

静脉注射丙种球蛋白治疗新生儿ABO溶血病的应用价值初探

目的初步评估静脉注射大剂量丙种球蛋白治疗新生儿ABO溶血病的使用价值。方法回顾性分析2000年1月至2004年12月入我科的48例新生儿ABO溶血病资料。将病例分为单纯光疗组(对照组)与光疗+丙种球蛋白组(治疗组),分析两组间基本状况(年龄、性别等)及黄疸程度(血清总胆红素、间接胆红素),差异无显著性,具有可比性。同时分析两组光疗时机、黄疸消褪时间、住院时间、医疗总费用、检验费、药费的差异。结果1.光疗时机:对照组与治疗组分别为58.33±24.88小时、37.93±22.82小时,P>0.05,差异无显著性意义。2.褪黄效果:对照组与治疗组褪黄时间及住院时间分别4.0±1.49天、4.14±0.95天、6.3±1.89天、6.21±2.01天,P>0.1,差异无显著性。3.两组住院总费用、检验费、药费比较,P值均小于0.05,差异有显著性意义。结论1.光疗是治疗新生儿ABO溶血病简单有效的方法。2.静脉注射大剂量丙球可减轻溶血发生,但无清除胆红素作用,当黄疸明显时,并不缩短褪黄及住院时间,若使用对象、使用时机不当,只会增加医疗资源浪费及增加病人经济负担。     

Early diagnosis of ABO haemolytic disease of the newborn

To assess the usefulness of cord blood tests in diagnosing ABO-haemolytic disease of the newborn (ABO-HDN), 132 term, adequate for gestational age (AGA) neonates were evaluated. The tests studied and their significant results were: quantitative elution test (1/16), direct Coombs test (positive), bilirubin concentration (4 mg/dl). In none of the 56 O⁺ newborn infants delivered by O⁺ women were the results of any test positive. Of the 76 A⁺ and B⁺ newborn infants delivered by O⁺ women, 17 (22%) developed ABO-HDN. When the combined result of any two tests was positive, the sensitivity, the specificity and the positive predictive accuracy for the diagnosis of ABO-HDN was higher than for any one of the isolated tests. The probablity that ABO-HDN was present when the results of at least two cord blood tests were positive was 70%, and the probablity that ABO-HDN was not present when less than two cord blood tests gave positive results was 93%. It is suggested that the combination of quantitative elution test, bilirubin concentration and direct Coombs test in the cord blood is useful for an early diagnosis of ABO-HDN.Abbreviations HDN haemolytic disease of the newborn - AGA adequate for gestational age - RBC red blood cell     

Carboxyhemoglobin Measurements in the Diagnosis of ABO Hemolytic Disease

To assess hemolysis in hyperbilirubinemic infants with ABO isoimmunization, we measured the carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) concentrations in full-term infants with ABO isoimmunization during the first week of life. Two groups of infants, ABO compatible (n=34) and ABO incompatible (n=30), were further divided into two groups with and without hyperbilirubi-nemia. All the infants from ABO incompatible pregnancies showed a positive indirect Coombs' test. The groups with hyperbilirubinemia included infants with maximum serum total bilirubin levels about 15 mg/dL and infants treated by phototherapy or exchange transfusion. In the ABO incompatible infants, the HbCO levels in those with hyperbilirubinemia were significantly higher than in infants without hyperbilirubinemia during the first week after birth (p < 0.01 at 24, 72, 120 hours after birth, respectively). The levels of HbCO in the ABO incompatible infants with hyperbilirubinemia were significantly higher compared with the levels in the ABO compatible infants with hyperbilirubinemia (p < 0.05 at 24 hours, p < 0.01 at 72 and 120 hours after birth, respectively). HbCO measurement may facilitate the early diagnosis of hemolytic disease and the prediction of jaundice caused by ABO isoimmunization.