低温等离子刀、超声刀及传统方式行扁桃体切除术的比较

目的 探讨运用低温等离子刀、超声刀及传统手术方式行扁桃体切除术的优、缺点,并对三种术式特点和应用价值进行评价。 方法 需行扁桃体切除术的患者117例,分为低温等离子刀组、超声刀组及传统组,每组各39例,记录双侧扁桃体切除术的手术时间和术中出血量、术后咽部疼痛、术后原发性及继发性出血等。 结果 等离子刀组、超声刀组的手术时间及术中出血量均较传统组降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);等离子刀组手术时间 ［(9.92±4.04)min］较超声刀组手术时间［(15.86±1.36)min］短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组术中出血量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。等离子刀组、超声刀组分别与传统组在术后前3天的疼痛评分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),此后三组疼痛评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);等离子刀组较超声刀组术后疼痛轻,但是两者疼痛评分差异无统计学意义。等离子刀组与传统组各出现1例术后原发性出血的病例。等离子刀组1例、超声刀组1例、传统组2例出现继发性出血。三组伪膜开始脱落时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。三组术后24 h咽部水肿评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),等离子刀组及超声刀组咽部水肿轻于传统组,但等离子刀组与传统组咽部水肿差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 低温等离子刀切除扁桃体是较为安全、有效的手术方法,但其费用相对较高。对于慢性扁桃体炎病程长且瘢痕粘连较重的患者,建议选用超声刀切除扁桃体。     

三种手术方式在改良悬雍垂腭咽成形术中的疗效对比

目的 探讨应用超声刀、低温等离子刀以及传统方法进行改良悬雍垂腭咽成形术(H-UPPP)治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAHS)的不同效果,并加以分析。方法 将需行H-UPPP的OSAHS患者分成超声刀组(A组)、低温等离子刀组(B组) 及传统组(C组),各42例。在静吸复合麻醉插管下,A组应用超声刀,B组应用改良低温等离子刀,C组应用传统方法,行改良悬雍垂腭咽成形术。对比三组患者的术中出血量、手术时间、术后疼痛程度、术后效果以及并发症的情况。结果 A、B组术中出血量明显少于C组,手术时间缩短明显,术后疼痛较轻,术后并发症及手术效果差异无统计学意义。结论 超声刀、低温等离子刀辅助下悬雍垂腭咽成形术术中出血少、手术时间缩短、术后反应小,其中低温等离子刀术后反应更小。     

超声刀扁桃体切除术与低温等离子扁桃体切除术的对比研究

目的 探讨超声刀扁桃体切除术与低温等离子扁桃体切除术的优缺点、安全性及可行性。 方法 计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、万方数据库和Pubmed等数据库中国内外关于超声刀扁桃体切除术与低温等离子扁桃体切除术的随机对照试验。运用RevMan 5.3软件对两种手术方式在术中、术后指标进行Meta分析。 结果 共纳入8个随机对照试验,共722例患者。超声刀扁桃体切除术与低温等离子扁桃体切除术相比,术后出血率明显降低［SMD=0.30,95%CI(0.15, 0.600.11, 0.79), P=0.010 007］,而在手术时间、术中出血量、术后白膜开始脱落时间及术后疼痛评分等方面,超声刀组与等离子组差异无统计学意义。 结论 超声刀扁桃体切除可明显降低患者术后原发或继发出血的概率,改善患者术后的生活质量。     

低温等离子刀切除舌根增生性肿物40例报告

目的 探讨低温等离子刀切除舌根增生性肿物的效果。 方法 选取应用低温等离子刀舌根良性增生性肿物切除术40例,分别对患者术前及术后2周、术后6个月的咽部异物感、吞咽梗阻感、咽部疼痛感等主观症状应用VAS量表评分。 结果 所有患者术中仅少量出血或无出血,术后创面无出血。术前患者咽部异物感、吞咽阻挡感、咽部疼痛感等主观症状VAS评分为(38.8±5.94)分,术后2周患者VAS评分为(7.50±2.96)分,差异有统计学意义。6个月随访,舌根部创面光滑,无复发。患者咽部异物感、吞咽阻挡感、咽部疼痛感等主观症状VAS评分为(7.25±2.67)分,与术后2周VAS评分差异无统计学意义。 结论 低温等离子刀治疗舌根增生性肿物疗效显著,具有出血量少、术后疼痛轻、术后并发症少等优点。     

软腭、舌根舌体低温等离子消融配合咽黏膜减张缝合治疗阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征

目的 探讨软腭、舌根舌体低温等离子消融配合咽黏膜减张缝合治疗中、重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的有效性。方法 38 例中度及42例重度OSAHS患者行软腭、舌根舌体低温等离子消融,将咽腭弓折返减张半荷包式缝合于扁桃体窝内,术前及术后6个月行睡眠监测、爱泼沃斯嗜睡量表(ESS)调查及咽腔测量。结果 80例患者均在术后6个月嗜睡状况改善,咽腔前后径、左右径扩大;睡眠结构得到明显改善。结论 咽黏膜减张缝合有效避免了咽腭弓术后撕裂、咽部黏膜重新松弛塌陷;软腭、舌根舌体低温等离子消融配合是治疗OSAHS的有效方法之一。     

咽腭弓肌黏膜瓣闭合扁桃体等离子术后创面的临床疗效

目的 对扁桃体等离子切除术的术式进行改进,分析咽腭肌黏膜瓣闭合扁桃体等离子术创面对术后疗效的改善情况。 方法 对需行扁桃体等离子切除术患者进行随机分组。105例行常规扁桃体等离子切除术(大多数囊内切除),94例在扁桃体等离子切除后制作局部咽腭肌黏膜瓣闭合扁桃体窝创面。对两组患者的术后疼痛、创面反应及出血情况进行分类统计,分析比较应用咽腭肌黏膜瓣修复的临床效果。 结果 在术后第1至第7天,实验组与对照组患者间的疼痛程度、创面反应情况及出血并发症的发生均有差异。实验组不同层次疼痛程度的病例数明显少于对照组,术后创面反应观察中,实验组白膜脱落时间较对照组明显缩短,出血概率明显减低。 结论 应用咽腭肌黏膜瓣闭合扁桃体等离子切除后创面操作简便,可明显改善患者术后疼痛,促进创面愈合,减少创面术后出血概率。     

等离子辅助悬雍垂腭咽成形术后重度咽狭窄的治疗

目的 分析等离子辅助悬雍垂腭咽成形术(UPPP)后重度咽狭窄形成原因,探讨最适合治疗方案。 方法 等离子辅助UPPP术后重度咽狭窄患者8例(单纯鼻咽狭窄5例,鼻咽和口咽联合狭窄3例),分别采用瘢痕切除、临近黏膜瓣修复创面、口咽狭窄横切纵缝、放置鼻咽支架6个月以上的方法治疗。疗效评估方式,术前和术后的(1)主观症状评分变化;(2)狭窄咽腔扩大情况。 结果 随访1~4.5年,7例术后鼻咽气道最大直径约2 cm,症状评分明显改善,1例术后再狭窄目前佩戴鼻咽支架治疗中。 结论 低温等离子辅助UPPP操作不当可引起严重咽狭窄,通过手术,同时放置鼻咽支架,是较理想的咽狭窄治疗方法。     

茎突综合征30例手术治疗临床分析

目的 探讨茎突综合征不同手术治疗方法的优势.方法 对30例茎突综合征采用不同的手术方法,其中20例扁桃体窝触诊可扪及硬性隆起者,采用切除扁桃体口内径路切除;3例舌腭弓触诊可扪及硬性隆起者,采用保留扁桃体口内径路切除术;7例咽部触诊未触及硬性隆起者,采用颈外径路切除术.结果 术后随访半年,26例咽部异物感、咽部疼痛感、耳痛、颈部下颌角部位疼痛症状消失,4例症状较术前明显减轻但未消失,无1例发生咽旁间隙感染、咽旁血肿及面神经麻痹等并发症.结论 手术截短是目前治疗茎突综合征的主要手段,临床工作中要根据茎突的长度、角度,咽部暴露情况等选择不同的手术径路,以达到最好的治疗效果.     

低温等离子刀扁桃体切除术的临床观察

扁桃体手术临床上主要有扁桃体剥离术、扁桃体挤切术、电刀切除术、激光切除术、超声刀切除术等方法。低温等离子刀作为一种新的手术器械和手术方法用于扁桃体手术,具有止血功能强,无辐射、术后咽部疼痛轻微的特点。2007年5月-2008年5月我科应用低温等离子刀扁桃体切除术40例,与常规扁桃体剥离术进行比较,现将结果报告如下。     

成年人扁桃体切除术三种手术方式的临床比较

目的 比较分析成年人3种扁桃体切除术的临床应用价值。 方法 将90例行扁桃体切除术的患者分为等离子扁桃体切除术组(等离子组)、电刀扁桃体切除术组(电刀组)、常规扁桃体剥离术组(剥离组),各30例,记录各组手术时间、术中及术后出血量、术后咽痛程度、住院医疗费用等。 结果 3组手术时间、术中出血量、术后1~4 d咽痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),其中等离子组和电刀组手术时间、术中出血量及VAS评分明显少于剥离组(P<0.001),而等离子组与电刀组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。剥离组术后见原发性出血1例,等离子组及电刀组未见术后出血发生。3组护理及检疗费、术后用药费比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);电刀组及剥离组住院总费用明显低于等离子组(P<0.001),而电刀组与剥离组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 成年人扁桃体切除术各有优势及不足,临床应根据疾病特点、患者意愿和经济能力、手术者技术水平以及医疗器械等因素选择最恰当的,从而达到最佳治疗效果。     

Radiofrequency tonsil reduction: safety,morbidity, and efficacy

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the safety, morbidity, and efficacy of radiofrequency tissue volume reduction of tonsils using two different surgical techniques and to compare these two techniques with each other and with classic tonsillectomy. STUDY DESIGN: A nonrandomized retrospective review of tonsil reductions was made between 2000 and 2002 using in vivo studies associated with tonsil reduction and tonsillectomy performed either in the hospital operating room or in the outpatient treatment area. METHODS: We studied 150 patients and divided them into three main groups based on surgical technique. Group A consisted of 50 consecutive patients who underwent tonsil "ablation," Group B contained another 50 consecutive individuals who received tonsil "coblation," and Group C consisted of 50 patients who underwent classic tonsillectomy (cold dissection). Each group consisted of two subcategories of children (age range, 1-12 y) and adults (age range, 12-60 y) with chronic tonsillar hypertrophy. Most of the pediatric patients underwent adenoidectomy during the same surgical procedure. Indications for tonsillectomy were those listed by the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. A retrospective chart review was used to assess procedures, safety, morbidity, and efficacy of tonsil reduction and tonsillectomy. Four specific end points of morbidity were investigated: pain, return to normal diet, return to normal activity, and use of pain medication. Efficacy of tonsillectomy was determined by the clinical observation of the remaining tonsillar tissue and compared with pretreatment photographs of the tonsils. RESULTS: There were no complications in any of the groups. Efficacy was assessed based on the mean tonsil reduction and was found to be 100% for tonsillectomy, 86% for the tonsil coblation technique, but only 53.6% for the ablation technique. Morbidity was minimal in groups A and B and significantly greater in Group C. The number of pain days, narcotic-use days, and days before return to normal diet and activity were greatly reduced in groups A and B when compared with classic tonsillectomy (group C). Pain levels on day 1 were less than 3 (on a scale of 1-10) in groups A and B. The number of pain days and narcotic-use days was less than 4 days in groups A and B. Similarly, most patients returned to solid diet and normal activity by day 4. Pain levels, number of narcotic-use days, and number of days to return to normal diet and activity were significantly higher for classic tonsillectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Tonsil coblation has distinct advantages when compared with tonsil ablation and standard tonsillectomy. Tonsil coblation resulted in greater than 86% elimination of tonsillar tissue in both children and adults. In most patients, pain levels were minimal and limited to the first 48 hours after surgery. Return to normal diet and activity was much earlier in the coblation group versus classic tonsillectomy.     

Coblation versus unipolar electrocautery tonsillectomy: a prospective, randomized, single-blind study in adult patients

OBJECTIVES: To determine if the coblation tonsillectomy (subcapsular dissection) results in less postoperative pain, equivalent intraoperative blood loss, equivalent postoperative hemorrhage rates, and faster healing compared with tonsillectomy was performed using unipolar electrocautery in adult patients. STUDY DESIGN: The authors conducted a prospective clinical trial. METHODS: Forty-eight patients underwent tonsillectomy and were randomly assigned to have one tonsil removed with coblation and the other with unipolar electrocautery. Outcome measures included time to remove each tonsil, intraoperative blood loss, patient-reported pain, postoperative hemorrhage, and amount of healing 2 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: Mean time to remove a single tonsil with coblation and electrocautery was 8.22 minutes and 6.33 minutes, respectively (P = .011). Mean intraoperative blood loss for each technique was less than 10 mL. Postoperative pain was significantly less with coblation as compared with electrocautery: 18.6% less painful during the first week of recovery. Seventy percent of blinded patients identified the coblation side as less painful during the overall 14-day convalescent period. Postoperative hemorrhage rates (2.1% for coblation and 6.2% for electrocautery) were not significantly different. No difference in tonsillar fossa healing was observed between the two techniques 2 weeks after surgery. During nine of the 48 surgeries, wires on the tip of the coblation handpiece experienced thinning to the point of discontinuity while removing a single tonsil. CONCLUSIONS: Coblation subcapsular tonsillectomy was less painful than electrocautery tonsillectomy in this 48-patient group. On average, intraoperative blood loss was less than 10 mL for both techniques. Postoperative hemorrhage rates and the degree of tonsillar fossa healing were similar between the two techniques. The coblation handpiece experienced degradation of vital wires in 18% of cases necessitating the use of a second, new handpiece.     

A pilot randomized controlled trial of coblation tonsillectomy versus dissection tonsillectomy with bipolar diathermy haemostasis.

OBJECTIVES: To compare postoperative recovery in children between 4 and 12 years undergoing tonsillectomy, using either coblation tonsillectomy or dissection tonsillectomy with bipolar diathermy haemostasis. DESIGN: A prospective, single blind, randomised controlled trial. SETTING: ENT clinic, University Teaching Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Forty paediatric patients, aged between 4 and 12 years and between 16 and 60 kg in weight with standard indication for tonsillectomy. METHODS: Patients were randomly allocated to either coblation tonsillectomy or dissection tonsillectomy groups. Patients, parents, and nurses were blinded for operation method. Parents were asked to fill out a postoperative diary from 1 to 10 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes were scored for postoperative pain, nutrition, activity, and use of analgetics for each of the 10 postoperative days. Secondary outcomes were estimated from the nurses' postoperative data and 10-day follow-up statistics regarding crossing of the two-score limit. RESULTS: The groups were statistically comparable by age, weight and operation type. There was no significant difference in operation time in two groups. Intra-operative bleeding was significantly less in the coblation group. Statistically significant differences between dissection tonsillectomy and coblation tonsillectomy were found in the day when a score of two of five was passed in pain scores (9.6 versus 6.2), nutrition scores (8.9 versus 6.6), activity score (8.4 versus 6.6) and medicine intake (9.4 versus 6.4), We found parallelism, between regression lines, that indicates better postoperative life quality for the coblation tonsillectomy group and approximately 2 days' shorter recovery time. CONCLUSION: In our pilot study, patients undergoing coblation tonsillectomy reported less pain, quicker return to normal diet, quicker return to normal activity, and less use of analgetics over a 10-day period than patients undergoing dissection tonsillectomy. Our results indicate that the recovery period for coblation tonsillectomy was approximately 2 days shorter and demonstrated less morbidity.     

A double‐blinded randomized controlled trial of coblation versus conventional dissection tonsillectomy on post‐ operative symptoms

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare postoperative symptoms following coblation tonsillectomy with those experienced following a traditional cold dissection. Design: A prospective randomized controlled trial. Setting: Secondary otorhinolaryngology care. Participants: Ninety‐two adult patients with recurrent tonsillitis meriting tonsillectomy were recruited and randomly allocated into either coblation or cold dissection tonsillectomy groups. Main outcome measures: Primary outcomes were post‐operative pain, otalgia, swallowing and analgesia use at 6–8 hours, 1, 3, 7 and 14 days post‐operative. Secondary outcomes were post‐operative day returned to eating and returned to normal activities/work. Results: No significant differences between the two groups (P ≥ 0.1) were found in any of the above primary outcomes, apart from swallowing at 6–8 hrs post‐operatively where the cold dissection group had less pain. This group also returned earlier to normal eating (P = 0.03). The power of the study was sufficient to show a difference in the visual analogue scores of 2 between groups. Conclusions: The use of coblation to perform tonsillectomy does not confer any symptomatic benefits to the patient over conventional cold dissection tonsillectomy.     

Coblation tonsillectomy versus dissection tonsillectomy: postoperative hemorrhage

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Coblation tonsillectomy is a recently introduced surgical technique. To measure its benefits against traditional tonsillectomy techniques, it is necessary to compare their complication rates. The study aims to identify differences in reactionary and secondary hemorrhage proportions, comparing coblation with dissection tonsillectomy. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective observational cohort study. METHODS: Rates of reactionary and delayed postoperative hemorrhage were measured, comparing 844 coblation tonsillectomies with a control group of 743 tonsillectomies performed by blunt dissection with bipolar diathermy hemostasis. RESULTS: The secondary hemorrhage rate with coblation-assisted tonsillectomy was 2.25% compared with 6.19% in the control group (P <.05). The rate of secondary hemorrhage in children following coblation tonsillectomy was 0.95% compared with 4.77% in the control group (P <.05). The difference was also significant (P <.05) in the adult population (4.40% vs. 8.81%, respectively). No difference was found in the reactionary hemorrhage proportions. CONCLUSION: In the study, coblation tonsillectomy was associated with a lesser incidence of delayed hemorrhage, more significantly in the pediatric population. The new technique using tissue coblation for tonsil dissection offers significant advantages in the postoperative period compared with dissection tonsillectomy with bipolar diathermy hemostasis. Coblation is associated with less postoperative pain and early return to daily activities. Also, there are fewer secondary infections of the tonsil bed and significantly lower rates of secondary hemorrhage with coblation. These results and the disposable nature of the coblation equipment promote coblation tonsillectomy as the authors' preferred dissection method.     

两种扁桃体切除方法的临床观察

目的比较两种不同扁桃体切除及止血方法的优缺点。方法将诊治的90例扁桃体切除术患者随机分为等离子手术组（A组）和传统手术组（B组）,每组各45例,所有手术均由同一术者完成。等离子手术组用低温等离子法切除扁桃体并止血;传统手术组则采用常规扁桃体剥离并用双极电凝止血。记录切除双侧扁桃体所需时间和出血量;术后第1天起每日记录患者咽部疼痛评分情况,连续10 d;术后第10天观察并记录扁桃体窝内的白膜状况。结果A、B两组手术总时间分别为（18.0±1.6）min、（43.5±3.4）min,术中总出血量分别为（9.3±1.3）ml、（53.8±5.5）ml,两组间差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;两组患者术后1周内疼痛指数差异比较具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,1周后疼痛指数比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;A、B两组术后出血发生病例数分别为3例、4例,出血发生率比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,术后比较,A、B两组白膜与扁桃体窝面积比分别为（43.8±6.6）%、（40.5±5.1）%,两组之间差异无统计学意义,但等离子组白膜较为清洁。结论与传统扁桃体剥离法比较,低温等离子法切除扁桃体具有手术损伤小、术中出血少、术后疼痛轻、恢复好等优点,可作为扁桃体切除手术的首选。     

Coblation vs. Electrocautery Tonsillectomy: A Prospective Randomized Study Comparing Clinical Outcomes in Adolescents and Adults

Objectives

Coblation is operated in low temperature, so it is proposed that tonsillectomy with coblation involves less postoperative pain and allows accelerated healing of the tonsillar fossae compared with other methods involving heat driven processes. However, the results of the previous studies showed that the effect of coblation tonsillectomy has been equivocal in terms of postoperative pain and hemorrhage. Though, most of the previous studies which evaluated coblation tonsillectomy were performed in children. Recently, electrocautery tonsillectomy has been used most widely because of the reduced intraoperative blood loss and shorter operative time compared to other techniques. This prospective study compared intraoperative records and postoperative clinical outcomes in adolescents and adults following coblation and electrocautery tonsillectomies.

Methods

Eighty patients over 16 years of age with histories of recurrent tonsillitis were enrolled. The patients were randomly allocated into coblation (n=40) and electrocautery tonsillectomy groups (n=40). All operations were performed by one surgeon who was skilled in both surgical techniques. Intraoperative parameters and postoperative outcomes were checked.

Results

Postoperative pain and otalgia were not significantly different between the two groups; however, there was a tendency towards reduced pain and otalgia in the coblation group. More cotton balls for swabbing the operative field were used introoperatively in the electrocautery group (P=0.00). There was no significant difference in postoperative hemorrhage, wound healing, commencement of a regular diet, and foreign body sensation between the groups.

Conclusion

Only cotton use, which represented the amount of blood loss, was less in the coblation tonsillectomy group. Coblation tonsillectomy warrants further study with respect to the decreased postoperative pain and otalgia.     

手术结束前升高血压对减少低温等离子扁桃体切除术后出血的疗效观察

目的　比较手术结束前升高血压检查扁桃体术腔与常规检查扁桃体术腔两种方法对扁桃体切除术后出血的影响。方法　对我院2008年1月～2016年1月行全麻下低温 等离子扁桃体切除术的患者1069例,采用回顾性临床病例对照研究方法,分为手术结束前升高血压检查扁桃体术腔组546例（治疗组）与常规检查扁桃体术腔组523例（对照组）,比较两组的术后出血发生率、术后出血量等。结果　治疗组原发性出血6例,发生率1.10%,继发性出血9例,发生率1.65%。对照组原发性出血17例,发生率3.25%,继发性出血5例,发生率0.96%。扁桃体切除后手术结束前升高血压检查扁桃体术腔,可减低术后原发性出血概率,而与术后继发性出血无明显相关。结论　手术结束前升高血压检查扁桃体术腔能有效减少低温等离子扁桃体切除术后原发性出血发生概率。