经内镜金属支架置入术治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻的临床价值

目的探讨经内镜金属支架置入术治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻的临床价值。方法在X线辅助下经内镜放置支架治疗22例左侧大肠癌性梗阻的病人,其梗阻的部位分别为直肠14例,乙状结肠6例,降结肠2例。结果22例大肠癌性梗阻中,20例放置支架成功,成功率为90．9％,术后1～2天梗阻症状均得到缓解或消除,其中14例为姑息治疗,6例经内镜治疗解除梗阻后7～10天接受外科手术治疗,术后均恢复顺利,无感染及吻合口漏等并发症发生。1例直肠癌术后复发伴盆腔广泛转移者治疗失败,1例乙状结肠癌广泛转移者术中穿孔而急诊行Hartmann术。1例术后6周支架远端移位,导致梗阻复发,置入第二根支架后缓解。1例术后1月粪块堵塞支架,以探条及网篮疏通后缓解。结论经内镜放置金属支架治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻,能够有效缓解患者的梗阻症状,操作简单、经济有效,并发症少,可以显著降低病人的创伤和痛苦,提高病人的生活质量。     

经内镜金属支架置入术治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻的临床价值

目的探讨经内镜金属支架置入术治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻的临床价值.方法在X线辅助下经内镜放置支架治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻患者22例,梗阻部位分别为直肠14例,乙状结肠6例,降结肠2例.结果22例大肠癌性梗阻中,20例放置支架成功,成功率为90.9%,术后1～2 d梗阻症状均得到缓解或消除,其中14例为姑息治疗,6例经内镜治疗解除梗阻后7～10 d接受外科手术治疗,术后均恢复顺利,无感染及吻合口漏等并发症发生.1例直肠癌术后复发伴盆腔广泛转移者治疗失败,1例乙状结肠癌广泛转移者术中穿孔而急诊行Hartmann术.1例术后6周支架远端移位,导致梗阻复发,置入第2根支架后缓解.1例术后1个月粪块堵塞支架,以探条及网篮疏通后缓解.结论经内镜放置金属支架治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻,能够有效缓解患者的梗阻症状,该方法操作简单、经济有效、术后并发症少,并可以显著降低患者的创伤和痛苦,提高患者的生活质量.     

结肠镜金属支架置入术治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻的临床价值

目的探讨经结肠镜金属支架置入术治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻的临床价值。方法在X线辅助下经结肠镜放置金属支架治疗10例左侧大肠癌性梗阻患者,其中梗阻部位为直肠5例,乙状结肠3例,降结肠2例。结果 10例大肠癌性梗阻患者中,均放置支架成功,成功率为100%。术后2 d内梗阻症状即可得到明显缓解或消除,其中6例行姑息治疗,4例患者在梗阻解除后7d取得病理报告后即接受外科手术,术中见肠道准备满意,术后恢复顺利,无感染及吻合口漏等并发症发生。结论经结肠镜放置金属支架治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻,能迅速、有效、安全地缓解梗阻症状,创伤小,并发症少,对于可根治性手术患者可行I期手术治疗,无须造瘘,可提高患者的生活质量。     

金属支架置入术治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻疗效观察

目的探讨金属支架置入术治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻的疗效。方法对17例可切除的左侧大肠癌伴急性梗阻患者先行金属支架置入术,作为解除狭窄、辅助肠道准备的过渡治疗;待梗阻症状和全身情况改善后,再行肠管Ⅰ期切除吻合术。结果 17例患者中16例成功放置支架,1～2d后梗阻症状均能得到缓解或消除1;例乙状结肠癌支架放置术中穿孔而急诊行Hartmann术。16例经支架过渡治疗7～10d后均行肠管Ⅰ期切除吻合术,术后恢复顺利,无感染及吻合口漏等并发症。结论金属支架置入术是可切除的左侧大肠癌伴急性梗阻患者择期手术前的一个非常有效而安全的缓解症状、开通狭窄的治疗手段,有助于行肠管的Ⅰ期切除吻合术。     

经内镜金属支架置入术治疗胃出口恶性梗阻的临床价值

目的探讨经内镜金属支架置入术治疗胃出口恶性梗阻的临床价值。方法对2004年1月至2006年12月经内镜放置金属支架治疗的28例胃出口恶性梗阻患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果28例中27例支架放置成功,成功率为96.4%,其中9例经内镜工作孔道(TTS)放置支架,18例为非TTS方式。26例支架放置后1～3天梗阻症状得到缓解或消除,临床有效率92.8%。1例术后出血,采用保守疗法治愈。2例术后1月发生支架移位;2例术后2月肿瘤向支架内浸润生长,导致梗阻复发,放置第二根支架后缓解。结论经内镜放置金属支架治疗胃出口恶性梗阻是一种简单可行、安全有效的方法,可以显著降低病人的创伤,提高病人的生活质量。     

经肠镜金属支架置入术治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻的应用体会

目的探讨经结肠镜金属支架置入术治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻的临床价值．方法在X线辅助下经电子结肠镜放置金属支架治疗15例左侧大肠癌性梗阻的病人,其梗阻部位分别为直肠9例,乙状结肠4例,降结肠2例．结果15例癌性梗阻患者中,13例放置成功,成功率为86．7％．术后梗阻症状即获得明显缓解或消除,至第2天梗阻症状完全消失．5例为姑息性治疗,8例患者解除梗阻后7d左右手术治疗,术中可见肠道准备满意,肠壁无明显水肿,术后恢复顺利．结论经电子结肠镜放置金属支架治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻能迅速、有效、安全地解除患者的梗阻症状,创伤小,对可根治手术患者来说只需面临一次根治性手术．对姑息性治疗患者来说由于不需要开腹手术造瘘,故可显著提高患者的生活质量．     

经内镜放置金属支架及肠梗阻导管治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻效果观察

目的 探讨经内镜放置金属支架及肠梗阻导管治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻的临床疗效.方法 132例左侧大肠癌性梗阻患者分为对照组与观察组,各66例.对照组采用肠梗阻导管方法治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻,观察组采用X线辅助下经内镜放置金属支架及肠梗阻导管治疗.结果 观察组66例患者均成功治愈,治愈率为100％（66/66）;对照组66例患者,治愈率为84.8％ （56/66）,两组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.两组术后并发症发生率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 X线辅助下经内镜放置金属支架及肠梗阻导管治疗左侧大肠癌性梗阻,具有操作简单、能有效降低患者的复发率及明显提高患者生活质量的特点,值得推广.     

内支架治疗直结肠癌恶性梗阻的探讨

目的：探讨经内镜放置金属支架和肠梗阻导管治疗急性结直肠癌性梗阻的可行性与临床疗效。方法：在 X 线辅助下或（和）内镜引导下,对40例结肠、直肠梗阻患者实施了支架置入术,梗阻部位位于直肠25例,直肠乙状结肠交界处3例,乙状结肠5例,降结肠5例,横结肠2例。结果：40例中32例内支架放置成功,全组没有死亡;8例放置肠梗阻导管,成功7例,总的操作成功率为87．5％。结论：放置内支架治疗结肠、直肠梗阻,具有微创、安全、见效快、重复性强的特点。能够有效缓解患者的梗阻症状,术后并发症少,并可显著提高患者的生活质量。     

内镜治疗大肠狭窄的临床价值

目的　探讨经内镜球囊扩张和金属支架置入术治疗结直肠良、恶性狭窄的临床效果。方法　采用电子肠镜下球囊导管扩张或放置记忆金属内支架治疗2 6例结直肠狭窄病人,其中良性狭窄16例,癌性狭窄10例。结果　16例良性狭窄病变经过2～4次水囊扩张治疗后,均解除梗阻症状,无一例施行手术治疗。10例癌性狭窄,有5例经扩张后放置金属支架成功,4例经扩张解除梗阻后接受手术治疗,1例直肠癌术后狭窄伴盆腔广泛转移者扩张治疗失败。结论　经内镜球囊扩张和金属支架置入术治疗结直肠狭窄是一种简单、安全、有效的方法。     

经胃镜金属支架置入治疗贲门失弛缓症的临床价值

目的:探讨金属支架治疗贲门失弛缓症的临床疗效及意义.方法:对经金属支架治疗的28例贲门失弛缓症患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果:28例支架均放置成功(1例二次放置成功),成功率为100%,其中26例支架放置后3 d内吞咽困难症状得到缓解或消失,短期临床有效率92.8%.其余2例于2 W内症状明显缓解.1例术后出血,采取内镜直视下止血治愈.3个月后取出支架,随访3月～7年,3例复发,再次支架置入后缓解.临床有效率100%.结论:经胃镜放置金属支架治疗贲门失弛缓症是一种简单可行、安全有效的方法,可以显著降低病人的创伤,提高病人的生活质量.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.