腹腔镜辅助活体供者右半肝切取临床应用(附视频)

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助技术在活体肝移植供者右半肝切取中的应用。方法从2011年7月4日至11月1日,四川大学华西医院已完成7例腹腔镜辅助活体肝移植供者右半肝切取(不包括肝中静脉)手术,总结手术方法及其要点。结果 7例供者均未中途转为开放手术。腹腔镜辅助活体供肝切取平均手术时间(6.04±0.36)h,术中平均出血量(150±40)mL。1例供者围手术期出现右侧肋缘下穿刺孔肌肉出血,术后8h予以手术止血成功。余6例供者未发生Clavien-Dindo外科并发症分级二级以上并发症。供者住院费用无明显增加。未观察到腹腔镜辅助手术对移植物的不良影响。结论腹腔镜辅助部分供肝切取明显减少了供者手术创伤,缩短了供者住院时间,值得在活体肝移植供者手术中推广。     

活体肝移植不同供肝切取方式对残肝再生的影响

目的 探讨活体肝移植不同方式供肝切取术后供者康复及肝脏再生情况.方法 回顾性分析2006年5月至2011年5月13例活体肝移植供者临床资料.对不同方式供肝切取手术方法、供者术后肝功能指标变化及残肝再生情况进行比较.结果 供者手术分为不包含肝中静脉右半肝切除8例,包含肝中静脉右半肝切除2例,左半肝切除3例.供者肝功能及凝血指标均于术后两周恢复正常,术后未见严重并发症,随访情况良好,无供者死亡.术前CT估算供肝体积与术中实际切取供肝重量呈正相关(r＝0.838,P＜0.01).术后复查CT测残肝体积示:右半肝供者残肝较左半肝供者残肝再生速度快,不带肝中静脉右半肝供者较带肝中静脉右半肝供者残肝再生速度略高,但供者肝脏功能恢复无明显差异.结论 不同术式活体肝移植供者在规范化围手术期处理、精细手术操作后肝功能均能得到较好的康复,而供肝切取术后残肝再生速度则受切取比例、残肝供血情况、细胞因子调控等多因素影响.     

精准肝脏外科理念在儿童活体肝移植供肝切取术中的临床价值

目的 探讨精准肝脏外科理念在儿童活体肝移植供肝切取术中的临床价值.方法 回顾性分析2012年12月至2014年1月上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院收治的58例儿童活体肝移植供者的临床资料.术前对供者行CT等检查,将二维影像学数据进行三维重建,评估供者肝内胆管和血管情况,并对肝左动脉和肝左静脉解剖结构进行分型,测算供者标准肝脏体积、拟切取肝脏体积和受者标准肝脏体积,模拟手术操作,制订手术方案.采取精准肝切除切取供肝.采用门诊和电话方式进行随访,随访时间截至2014年4月.结果 58例儿童活体肝移植供者术前CT血管造影检查示肝左动脉Ⅰ型28例、Ⅱ型10例、Ⅲ型20例、无Ⅳ型供者;肝左静脉Ⅰ型35例、Ⅱ型23例.三维重建预测拟切取肝脏体积为(243±65) mL.58例供者均成功完成供肝切取术,其中7例为左半肝切取,51例为肝左外叶切取.2例供者行胆囊切除.术中实际切取肝脏体积为(255±59) mL,拟切取肝脏体积平均误差率为4.94％.移植物质量与受者体质量比为3.3％±1.0％.手术时间为(260±89)min,术中出血量为(181±35)mL,仅1例供者术中输RBC 2 U.供者术后胃肠功能恢复时间为(2.0±1.1)d,术后拔除引流管时间为(3.0±1.2)d,术后住院时间为(7±3)d,出院时所有供者血清WBC、Hb、ALT、AST、TBil、DBil、AIb等指标水平正常.2例供者术后发生并发症,分别为切口少量渗血和脂肪液化,均经对症治疗后痊愈.58例儿童活体肝移植供者术后均获得随访,中位随访时间为8.7个月.供者恢复良好,随访期间无并发症发生.结论 精准肝脏外科理念应用于儿童活体肝移植供肝切取术,切取准确率高、供者肝功能损害小、术后并发症少、恢复快.     

腔镜辅助带肝中静脉活体右半肝供肝切取技术:附七例报道

目的 探讨腹腔镜辅助肝切除(assisted laparoscopic hepatectomy,ALH)技术在活体肝移植供体切取中的应用及其意义.方法 对201l年5月30日至9月1日我院7例成功施行腹腔镜辅助带肝中静脉(middle hepatic vein,MHV)活体右半肝供肝切取术的患者资料进行回顾分析.结果 供者残肝比例32.10％～38.31％.7例供者术后伤口疼痛较轻,未出现外科并发症.7例均为皮内缝合,术后7d伤口拆线,愈合良好.术后2周肝功能基本恢复正常.结论 ALH可安全用于带MHV的活体右半肝供肝切取.ALH兼顾腹腔镜手术微创和开腹手术安全性高的特点,更容易为供、受者接受.     

76例全腹腔镜活体肝移植供肝获取的回顾性分析

目的总结本中心腹腔镜活体肝移植供肝切取的临床效果和技术改进,探讨活体肝移植供者全腔镜手术的临床特点和价值。方法回顾首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院肝移植中心2019年7月至2020年7月实施的76例全腹腔镜下活体肝移植供肝切取手术的临床资料。对76例供者及其移植物的围手术期相关数据进行分析。对吲哚菁绿荧光显像在胆道劈分以及改进后的血管切开闭合器在肝静脉离断中应用临床效果进行初步的统计和分析。结果 76例全腹腔镜活体供肝获取手术中,不包含肝中静脉的右半肝获取7例,左半肝获取12例(6例包含肝中静脉),肝左外叶获取55例,单独肝段(Ⅱ段)获取2例。所有供者手术均未输血,1例左外叶供者术后门静脉右支血栓形成,行开腹门静脉右支(经左支残端)取栓术,术后顺利恢复出院;余供者术后均无Clavien-Dino分级Ⅱ级以上并发症发生。除最初8例腹腔镜下肝左外叶切取术中未施行胆道造影外,其余68例腹腔镜供者手术均采用ICG荧光显像实时引导下离断胆道。69例供者手术(左肝及右肝移植物)采用改进的直线型血管闭合器(one-side stapler)离断肝静脉,仅3例需进行流出道的补片延长性重建。结论具备丰富的活...     

腹腔镜活体肝移植供肝切取技术要点及评价(附12例报告)

目的探讨腹腔镜活体肝移植供肝切取手术的技术要点和应用前景。方法回顾性分析2015年9月至2016年10月四川大学华西医院肝脏肝移植外科12例腹腔镜下活体肝移植供肝切取术病人资料。分析12例供者及相应12例受者的手术及预后情况。结果 12例供者中,切取不包括肝中静脉的右半肝6例,左外叶3例,不包括肝中静脉的左半肝3例。术中失血量400(100~600 mL)。供者住院时间7(4~10 d)。所有供者术后均无并发症发生及围手术期死亡。12例受者术前移植物受体体重比(GRWR)为0.94%(0.54%~3.70%)。手术时间625(405~720 min)。术中失血量750(200~3000)mL。术后住院时间20(7~40)d。1例受者病人术后第7天发生消化道出血,保守治疗后出血停止。1例受者病人术后出现肺部感染,保守治疗后无效于术后第8天因呼吸衰竭死亡。其余受者病人术后顺利出院。结论随着技术的不断发展和器械的不断改进,腹腔镜活体肝移植供肝切取将有广阔的应用前景。     

成人活体肝移植71例报道

目的 探讨开展成人活体肝移植初始阶段如何确保供、受者安全.方法 回顾性分析我院2007年4月至11月71例成人活体肝移植供、受者临床资料,分析评估方案、手术策略和并发症.结果 切取供者右半肝68例,其中带肝中静脉4例;切取带肝中静脉左半肝3例.术后出现并发症2例,1例胆漏,1例腹腔内出血,无供者死亡.受者外科并发症18例,其中胆道并发症12例,血管并发症3例,小肝综合征3例;病死率为10%(7/71).结论 在开展成人活体肝移植的初始阶段,采用严格的供、受者评估、选择合理的手术方式和术后处理可以最大程度地保证供、受者安全.     

成人间活体供肝移植中供肝的肝中静脉分配

目的 探讨成人间活体供肝移植中切取供者右半供肝(含或不含肝中静脉)的安全性及临床效果.方法 2007年6月至2008年9月,单小组实施成人间活体供肝切取手术78例;76例行右半供肝移植,其中供肝含肝中静脉30例(含肝中静脉组),不含肝中静脉46例(不含肝中静脉组).对两组供者的基本资料、手术相关资料以及术后肝功能恢复情况进行了评估和比较.结果 CT计算供者残留肝脏体积比为29.40%～50.99%;供肝重量与受者体重的比例(GRWR)为0.74%～1.76%.两组供者(含与不含肝中静脉组)在年龄、体重身高指数(BMI)、手术时间、术中失血量和输注红细胞量、拔除引流管时间、住院时间以及供者存活率方面比较,差异均无统计学意义;含肝中静脉组供者体重小于受者体重所占的比例(75.0%)明显高于不含肝中静脉组(40.0%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);含肝中静脉组切取的供肝重量、实际GRWR以及供肝冷保存时间明显低于不含肝中静脉组(P<0.05);两组供者术后肝功能恢复情况比较.差异无统计学意义.结论 供者经过严格的术前评估,切取含或不含肝中静脉的右半供肝均是安全的,临床效果满意.     

成人间活体肝移植94例报告

目的 探讨成人间活体肝移植供者评估、手术方式的选择及术后并发症分析.方法 收集2007年1月至2010年8月同一外科组施行的94例成人间活体肝移植的临床资料.受者年龄18 ～76岁,供者年龄19 ～60岁.94例活体肝移植手术方案包括:左半肝供肝移植2例,右半肝供肝移植92例,44例切取肝中静脉例,48例不切取肝中静脉.分析供受者术前评估、术后并发症及存活情况.结果 所有供者均恢复良好出院,供者并发症发生率为7.4％.随访截止于2011年5月31日,中位随访时间为37个月,死亡8例.供者1年存活率为95.7％,移植物存活率为94.7％.1例发生小肝综合征;1例因急性肝坏死行再次肝移植;24例(25.5％)经胆道造影或磁共振胰胆管成像检查发现胆道吻合口狭窄,但其中9例(9.6％)表现为肝功能异常.结论 活体肝移植是治疗终末期肝病的有效方法,精确的术前评估、合理手术方式选择,采用左半肝或右半肝供肝、含或不含肝中静脉的活体肝移植,在成人间活体肝移植中均能有效的保证供受者安全.     

活体供者供肝术后早期并发症分析

目的 探讨活体肝移植供者术后早期并发症的发生情况.方法 对2002年1月至2009年8月间170例活体肝移植供者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,依据供肝类型分为右半供肝组和左半供肝组,采用Clavien分类系统对术后早期发生的并发症进行分析.结果 两组间供者年龄、身高体重指数、手术时间等差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).与左半供肝组比较,右半供肝组实际切取的供肝重量较大(P＜0.05),残余肝重量较小(P＜0.05),残余肝重量与标准肝重量之比较小(P＜0.05),且住院时间较长(P＜0.05).住院期间,共有55例供者发生并发症62例次,总的并发症发生率为32.35％(55/170),其中右半供肝组并发症发生率为34.39％(54/157),左半供肝组并发症发生率为7.69％(1/13),两组比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=2.787,P＞0.05).62例次并发症中,Ⅰ级39例次,Ⅱ级5例次,Ⅲ级16例次占,Ⅳa级2例次,无Ⅳb和Ⅴ级(死亡)并发症.所有并发症经积极治疗后得以痊愈,所有供者均健康存活.结论 活体肝移植供者总体安全性较好,但仍面临着发生严重并发症的风险.术前应严格对供者进行选择和评估,术中手术操作应严密精细,重视供者术后管理,避免供者术后发生并发症.     

Living-related liver transplantation: Report of experiences at Shinshu University Hospital

In view of the relative scarcity of pediatric cadaveric donors, living-related liver transplantation has recently been accepted as an alternative approach. It is also the only method of liver transplantation available in countries where cadaveric organ procurement is prohibited. Here we describe our experience of living-related liver transplantation in 17 patients at Shinshu University Hospital. The safety of the donor operation is of paramount importance in this type of liver transplantation. In Japan, retransplantation is very difficult in the event of the liver graft becoming nonfunctional. We have therefore placed emphasis on the donor hepatectomy technique as well as on surgical procedures and postoperative care to prevent graft loss in the recipient. Fifteen of the 17 patients who received liver transplants are currently alive; and 1 died of cytomegalovirus infection, and 1 of pulmonary complications. The actuarial 1-year survival rate for our series, determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis, was 89.5%. Although living-related liver transplantation requires a complicated surgical procedure, it has achieved reasonable results for both donors and recipients. We consider that living-related liver transplantation is a useful and reasonable option for patients requiring liver transplantation. This work was supported in part by a grant-in-aid for scientific research from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Japan (03404037, 04557056).     

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??Clinical analysis of donor hepatectomy and postoperative management in 22 cases of living donor liver transplantation WANG Dong??LI Guang-ming??ZHU Ji-ye??et al. Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery??Peking University People’s Hospital??Peking University Center of Transplantation??Beijing 100044??China
Corresponding author: ZHU Ji-ye, E-mail: gandanwk@vip.sina.com
Abstract Objective To improve the safety of donor surgery and enhance the postoperative management of liver donors in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Methods The clinical data was retrospectively analyzed in 22 cases of LDLT donnor surgery were performed from February 2003 to June 2009 in Peking University People’s Hospital,preoperative evaluation, surgical technigue, postoperative complications and outcome were retrospectively analyzed. Results Three steps of preoperative evaluation were used, Ultrasonic Dissector (CUSA) was applied in donor hepatectomy and all of the donors were followed up after operation. Totally, 2 left lateral hepatic lobes, 6 cases of left hepatic lobes, 1 extended left hepatic lobe, 5 right hepatic lobes and 8 cases of extended right hepatic lobes were harvested. No complication except 1 case of intra-abdominal bleeding, 1 case of hydrothorax and 1 case of ecchymoma was found. Hepatic function restored to normal soon and no death occured. Conclusion Strict preoperative evaluation, precise surgical technique and routine follow up are guarantees of donor safety in LDLT.     

Video-assisted living donor hemihepatectomy through a 12-cm incision for adult-to-adult liver transplantation

OBJECTIVES: There has been remarkable progress in recent technical innovations for laparoscopic hepatectomy. However, a laparoscopic procedure rarely has been indicated for donation of the liver in living-related liver transplantation (LRLT). Here, we described the technique and the outcome of video-assisted donor hepatectomy (VADH) for adult-to-adult LRLT. METHODS: For 13 donors in adult-to-adult LRLT, 3 types of major hepatectomy--right hemihepatectomy (3), and left hemihepatectomy, with or without the caudate lobe (10)--were performed through video-assisted procedures; surgical manipulation via ports or via a 12-cm incision and viewing through a laparoscope or through incision were combined and used. RESULTS: VADH was completed in 13 donors, with a median operation time of 363 +/- 33 minutes and a median blood loss of 302 +/- 191 mL. No complications specific to video-assisted procedures, postoperative bile leak, or bleeding were observed. The restoration of the liver function was smooth, and the use of an analgesic (median: 1.2 times) was reduced, compared with the historical control (median: 3.8 times) that underwent a standard donation of the liver. Currently, all donors are healthy and have returned to their previous activities. The grafts have been functioning well, excluding 3 recipients who succumbed to serious complications unrelated to the video-assisted procedure. CONCLUSION: We have shown a new method of VADH through a 12-cm laparotomy for adult-to-adult LRLT. This technique is as feasible as standard open donor hepatectomy, with less pain and with improved postoperative symptoms.     

Safe donor hepatectomy for living related liver transplantation

Minimizing the risk of donor hepatectomy while preserving graft viability is an important concern in living related liver transplantation. This report describes clinical outcomes for living donor hepatectomy with reference to the type of hepatectomy. Donor hepatectomy was performed in 130 consecutive living donors. They were divided into three groups: left lateral or extended left lateral segmentectomy (group S; n = 50), left hepatectomy with or without caudate lobe or right lateral resection (group L; n = 64), and right hepatectomy (group R; n = 16). Intraoperative and postoperative data were examined and compared among the groups. No critical complications were observed in any group. However, there were differences in donor age, surgical and ischemia times, volume of blood loss, graft weight, and aspartate aminotransferase level elevation among the groups. Livers showed a substantial increase in volume, tending to the standard liver volume 1 month after surgery. Regardless of the extent of donor hepatectomy, serious complications did not occur after surgery. Surgical risk for a living donor is minimal if the operation is performed by experienced surgeons using present procedures. (Liver Transpl 2002;8:58-62.)     

Living-donor hepatectomy

Background

Organ transplantation from deceased donors is still far below the need. Because of this deficiency, liver transplantations are performed mostly from live donors in many transplant centers in our country. Living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has evolved dramatically over the past decade. The aim of this study was to present our clinical experience with living-donor hepatectomy.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed all patients who underwent donor hepatectomy between March 2000 and September 2010. We reviewed demographic data, operation type, operation and cold ischemia times, duration of hospital stay, and postoperative complications.

Results

During the study period, 140 living donors underwent operations for liver transplantation. We performed 108 right hepatectomies, 17 left hepatectomies, and 15 left lateral hepatectomies. The mean age of the donors was 30.8 years. There was no operative or postoperative mortality. Overall morbidity rate was 13.57% (n = 19). Nine patients had biliary leakages, 4 biliomas; 2 urinary tract infections, and 1 each inferior vena caval injury, pneumonia, portal vein thrombosis, and acute tubular necrosis. Reoperation was not required in any of these patients.

Conclusions

Living-donor liver transplantation is a valuable alternative for patients awaiting a cadaver organ. Live-donor hepatectomy can be performed with low morbidity. The greatest disadvantage of this procedure is the risk of the surgical operation for the individual who will experience no medical benefit from this procedure.     

成人间活体肝移植右半肝移植物切取的临床分析

目的：探讨成人间活体肝移植供体右半肝切取的技术。方法：8例成人间活体肝移植行供体右半肝切取，供肝切取范围：右半肝5例、扩大右半肝3例。供肝保留直径0.8cm以上的副右肝静脉。右半肝切除线在中肝静脉的右侧0.5~1.0cm处，扩大右半肝切除线在中肝静脉左侧0.5~1.0cm处。行术中胆道造影，在切取过程中不阻断入肝血流。结果：供体平均手术时间为448（353~510）min。供体手术平均失血量为384 （170 ~900 ）ml。切取的移植物平均重669.4（445~900）g，其中右半肝移植物平均重667.0g，扩大右半肝移植物平均重673.3g。移植物与受体体重之比平均为1.16%（0.76%~1.50%）。供体术后发生胆漏、肝肾功能不全各1例，经治疗后均痊愈。全组无手术死亡，均于3周内恢复出院。8例移植物和8例受体的1年生存率均为100%。结论：熟练掌握精良的供肝切取技术，成人活体肝移植中右半肝和扩大右半肝的切取对供体来说是安全的。     

Minimal blood loss living donor hepatectomy

BACKGROUND: Donor hepatectomy with maximal safety while preserving graft viability is of principal concern in living donor liver transplantation. There are compelling reasons for avoiding blood transfusion, even with autologous blood, to avoid the potential risks it imposes on healthy donors. This study aims to describe the surgical technique and clinical outcomes of living donor hepatectomy with minimal blood loss requiring no blood transfusion. METHODS: Donor hepatectomy was performed in 30 living donors according to a detailed preoperative imaging study of the vascular and biliary anatomy. Liver parenchymal transection was carried out with strict adherence to a meticulous surgical technique without vascular inflow occlusion to either side of the liver. Pre-, intra-, and postoperative data were gathered, and factors related to blood loss were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: The intraoperative blood loss ranged from 20 to 300 ml with a mean of 72.0+/-58.9 ml (median, 55 ml), and neither homologous nor autologous blood transfusion was required in any of the donors intra- and postoperatively. All 30 donors were discharged with minimal complications, and remain well at a mean follow-up of 24 months after donation. Excellent graft viability was verified by the fact that all 30 recipients are alive and well with a few manageable complications. The actual graft and patient survival are both 100% at the time of writing. CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of the extent of donor hepatectomy, blood loss can and should be kept to a minimum, and living donor hepatectomy without blood transfusion is a realistic objective.     

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??The application and surgical technique of laparoscopic hepatectomy in living donor liver transplantation??A report of 12 cases WU Hong, YANG Jia-yin, WEI Yong-gang, et al. Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,China
Corresponding author: ZENG Yong, E-mail??zengyong@medmail.com.cn
Abstract Objective To evaluate the application and surgical technique of laparoscopic hepatectomy in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Methods The clinical data of 12 cases of laparoscopic hepatectomy in LDLT performed from September 2015 to October 2016 in Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University were analyzed retrospectively. The surgical outcomes and short-term prognosis of the donors (12 cases) and recipients (12 cases) were analyzed. Results Among the 12 donors, right hemihepatectomy without middle hepatic vein was performed in 6 cases; left lateral lobectomy in 3 cases and left hemihepatectomy without middle hepatic vein in 3 cases. The median intraoperative blood loss was 400 mL (ranging from 100 to 600 mL). The median hospital stay of the donors was 7 days (ranging from 4 to 10 days). All donors had no postoperative complications and deaths. Among the 12 recipients, the median graft-recipient weight ratio (GRWR) was 0.94% (ranging from 0.54% to 3.70%). The median surgical duration was 625 min (ranging from 405 to 720 min). The median intraoperative blood loss of the recipients was 750 mL (ranging from 200 to 3000 mL). The median hospital stay of the donors was 20 days (ranging from 7 to 40 days). One case had gastrointestinal bleeding in postoperative day 7 and the bleeding stopped after conservative treatment. One case died from respiratory failure in postoperative day 8. The other recipients were discharged smoothly. Conclusion With the improved surgical techniques and advanced laparoscopic instruments, it is believed that laparoscopic LDLT is a feasible technique and has a promising prospect.     

Results of biliary reconstructions in liver transplantation at our center

Biliary complications are some of the most critical problems in liver transplantation. Despite various refinements in surgical technique, different types of liver transplantations are associated with significant numbers of biliary problems. In this study, we analyzed the results of biliary reconstructions in 127 liver transplant recipients at our center from April 2001 to May 2006. Through November 2004, we used different techniques for biliary reconstruction in 66 of these patients, including duct-to-duct (DD) anastomoses, Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (RYHJ), anastomoses over T tubes or stents, and anastomoses without stenting. During the first period, we used a DD anastomosis in 15 cadaveric whole liver grafts and in 25 right lobe and 12 left lobe or left lateral segment grafts from living-related donors. RYHJ was preferred in 2 cadaveric and 12 left lateral segment grafts. Beginning in November 2004, we employed intraoperative transhepatic biliary catheter insertion in 61 patients (29 children, 32 adults). In the most recent 61 cases of 13 liver grafts from cadavers and 48 from living-related donors, 14 patients (2 children and 12 adults) received whole-liver grafts, 22 (all adults) a right lobe, and 26 (all children) a left lateral or left lobe. Intraoperative transhepatic biliary catheter insertion was performed with DD anastomosis in 55 cases and with RYHJ in 6 cases. The mean complication rate decreased from 24% to 8.1% during the period using a new biliary reconstruction technique. Five biliary complications occurred in four patients. The new technique of biliary reconstruction using intraoperative biliary catheter insertion has significantly reduced the biliary complication rate. Transhepatic biliary stenting prevents biliary complications and maintains percutaneous access when problems arise. Intraoperative transhepatic biliary catheter insertion at the back table is a safe way to provide good biliary drainage after liver transplantation.     

Results of 132 hepatectomies for living donor liver transplantation: report of one death

AIMS: Liver transplant is the primary therapy for patients with end-stage liver disease. Its high success rates have lead to a broadening of the indications for liver transplantation, resulting in an increasing shortage of donors. Living donor liver transplantation has become an option to overcome waiting list mortality. We describe our experience with hepatectomy for living donor liver transplantation and report a case of death. METHODS: Patients (n = 132) underwent hepatectomy for living donor liver transplantation from June 2000 through June 2004. A 4-phase preoperative evaluation was performed on all patients, whose ages ranged from 13 to 54 years (mean = 29.7 +/- 8.1 years). Of the 132 patients, 76 patients (57.5%) underwent left lateral segmentectomy, 33 patients (25%) underwent left lobectomy, and 23 patients (16%) underwent right hepatectomy. In 2 other patients (1.5%), a monosegment (segment II) was obtained after left lateral segmentectomy. RESULTS: Twenty patients (15%) experienced a complication, the most common being incisional hernia, pneumonia, and biliary fistulae. On the seventh postoperative day, 1 patient developed a fatal cerebral hemorrhage while recovering from mild liver dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: Although living donor liver transplantation is generally safe, serious and fatal complications may occur.