心理护理对螺旋CT增强扫描病人的影响

目的　对比研究心理护理对螺旋CT增强扫描病人检查成功率的影响。方法　2 0 0 2年6月～2 0 0 4年1月对进行螺旋CT增强扫描的病人5 0 0例随机分为实验组( 2 6 5例)和对照组( 2 35例)。实验组检查前进行心理护理,对照组未进行心理护理,比较2组检查前血压和心率的变化、造影过程中不良反应的发生情况及所获得的CT图像质量。结果　实验组检查前收缩压、心率波动低于对照组,检查过程中不良反应发生率实验组低于对照组,CT图像运动性伪影的出现实验组低于对照组,进行卡方检验,P <0 .0 5 ,差异有显著性。结论　CT增强扫描前的心理护理能有效地降低和减轻增强扫描的应激反应,获得更好的CT诊断图像     

心理护理对螺旋CT增强扫描病人的影响

明尼苏达多相个性问卷 (MMPI)是世界上最权威和应用最广泛的一种用于健康诊断的心理测验 ,自上世纪 80年代初引入我国开始应用并进行了标准化修订后 ,迄今已有数百篇的研究文章问世 ,但其中涉及刚刚毕业的新护士的个性与才能测评研究的极少。为了解新护士的个性心理特征 ,及时发现新护士个性中偏离正常的倾向 ,有的放矢地进行心理干预 ,1994年起 ,我们对每年分配到我院的新护士均进行MMPI测评 ,现将 10年的资料分析如下。对象与方法1.测试对象。所有分配到我中心的新护士作为研究组 ,选取与其生活背景、家庭状况、年龄、智力水平、民族…     

健康教育对患者接受CT增强扫描的影响

ＣＴ增强扫描对鉴别病变的性质和范围具有重要意义。做好此类患者的健康教育 ,增加患者及其家属对ＣＴ增强扫描的认识 ,及时接受检查有助于及早诊治疾病。1　资料与方法1 1　临床资料　 2 0 0 0年 7月至 2 0 0 2年 2月 ,在ＣＴ平扫后需要增强扫描以明确诊断的患者 2 16例中男 112例 ,女 10 4例 ,2 2～ 5 6岁 ,平均 39岁。其中肝部 6 4例 ,肺部 4 0例 ,肾部 37例 ,脑部和脊髓各 35例 ,其他 5例。根据年龄、疾病种类 ,按基本条件相当的原则 ,分为观察组和对照组各10 8例。1 2　方法1 2 1　先由护士对 2 16例进行问卷调查 ,了解他们对ＣＴ增强…     

预防性护理对 CT 增强扫描患者不良反应的影响

目的：探讨预防性护理对 CT 增强扫描患者不良反应的影响。方法选取我院2014年1~12月采用传统护理模式的134例 CT 增强扫描患者作为对照组,2015年1~12月采用预防性护理的109例患者作为观察组。比较两组不良反应发生率,护理前后心理状况评分及满意度。结果两组患者重度不良反应比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组轻度、中度不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理前,两组患者 SAS、SDS 评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,两组 SAS、SDS 评分均显著改善(P<0.05),且观察组均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组满意度为96.33%,对照组为88.81%,观察组满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与传统护理模式相比,预防性护理预防 CT 增强扫描患者不良反应的临床效果更为显著,满意度更高,值得临床推广应用。     

心理学策略的干预模式评价螺旋CT增强扫描患者血压、心率及运动性伪影的效果

目的 探讨采用心理学策略的干预模式对行螺旋CT增强扫描患者血压、心率及运动性伪影的影响.方法 选择2014年7月至2015年8月于本院采用螺旋CT增强扫描的患者136例,随机分成对照组和研究组,每组68例.对照组采用常规护理,研究组采用常规护理+基于心理学策略的干预模式,观察两组血压、心率、图像质量及不良情绪等情况.结果 干预后研究组血压、心率均低于对照组(均P<0.05);图像质量优于对照组(P<0.05);不良情绪评分低于对照组(P<0.05);并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 对行螺旋CT增强扫描患者采用心理学策略的干预模式能稳定患者血压及心率,减少运动伪影,改善患者情绪,降低不良反应率,可推广应用.     

护理干预对CT增强扫描患者对比剂不良反应的影响

目前CT在临床上已经得到了广泛的应用,增强CT扫描的应用也在不断增加,在使用增强CT扫描时为了使影像效果更加明显,需要加用对比剂,有些患者就会出现对比剂的不良反应。我院应用护理干预预防增强CT扫描不良反应的发生,效果较好,现报道如下。     

造影剂注射速度对CT增强扫描效果的观察

目的：探讨造影剂注射速度与不良反应及肝实质强化（CT值）的关系。方法：将276例患按注射速度分为5组，3．5ml/s32例，3．0ml/s40例，2．5ml/s77例，2．0ml/s68例，1．5ml/s59例，再根据使用不同造影剂分为两组，使用离子型造影剂119例，使用非离子型造影剂157例。结果：造影剂注射速度从3．5ml/s至1．5ml/s，肝实质CT值呈逐渐降低，5组间有显性差异（F＝43．510，P＜0．05），在离子型与非离子型造影剂组间及组内不同注射速度之间经χ^2检验，均有显性差异（P＜0．05），结论：注射速度越快，肝实质强化越好，但副反应发生率越高，离子型较非离子型造影剂副作用多。     

CT增强扫描患者的预防护理

目的探讨预防护理在CT增强扫描患者中的应用效果。方法将本院接受CT增强扫描的90例患者随机分为2组,各45例。对照组采取常规护理,观察组实施预防护理,评价2种护理方式的应用效果。结果观察组护理后的CT增强扫描的图像质量优良率为95. 56%,显著高于对照组的80. 00%(P 0. 05);观察组护理后的收缩压、舒张压和心率均显著低于对照组(P 0. 05);观察组护理后不良反应发生率显著低于对照组(P 0. 05)。结论在CT增强扫描患者中应用预防护理能够显著提高CT扫描图像质量,减少不良反应,且患者扫描前后生命体征更趋于平稳。     

Hospitalized mental health patients and oral health

The purpose of this review of the literature is to present a contemporary perspective related to the nursing care of hospitalized mental health patients who have risk of developing oral health issues. Mental illness is a major health concern worldwide. Compounding this health issue, mental health patients/clients demonstrate avoidant behaviours related to oral health, and the symptoms of mental illness can be a compounding factor. Oral health and oral inflammatory disease are the result of lifestyle and behaviour and mental disorders affect both lifestyle and behaviour. The search used the search terms oral health AND nursing AND mental illness AND Published Date 2005 to 2010. For those who experience mental illness oral health assessment is not routinely practised by clinicians. The importance of special attention to dental problems for people with mental disorders has also been stressed by researchers since the lifespan of people with serious mental disorders is shortened compared to the general population. Oral health care is an important part of treatment. Routine oral care for hospitalized patients is imperative, and this is usually the responsibility of nurses without sufficient knowledge in oral care or comprehensive protocols to follow.     

心理干预对维持性血液透析病人心理健康的影响

[目的 ]评估心理干预措施对维持性血液透析病人心理健康的影响。 [方法 ]对 2 5例维持性血液透析病人进行心理干预 ,用SCL -90自评量表对干预前后的健康状况进行评价 ,并与国内常模组进行比较。[结果 ]心理干预前后维持性血液透析病人SCL -90评分有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,且干预后与国内常模组相比无统计学意义 (P >0 .1)。[结论 ]心理干预可显著改善维持性血液透析病人的心理健康状况。     

Working with people who have killed: The experience and attitudes of forensic mental health clinicians working with forensic patients

Forensic mental health (FMH) clinicians sometimes feel unsupported and unprepared for their work. This article explores their experiences of working in a FMH setting in Australia. The research examined the clinical context of clinicians working with forensic patients (FP), particularly those individuals who have killed while experiencing a mental illness. A qualitative, exploratory design was selected. Data were collected through focus groups and individual interviews with hospital and community‐based forensic clinicians from all professional groups: psychiatric medicine, social work, psychology, mental health nursing, occupational therapy, and psychiatric service officers. The main themes identified were orientation and adjustment to FMH, training in FMH, vicarious traumatization, clinical debriefing and clinical supervision, and therapeutic relationships. Participants described being frustrated and unsupported in making the transition to working with FP and felt conflicted by the emotional response that was generated when developing therapeutic relationships. Recommendations include the development of programmes that might assist clinicians and address gaps in service delivery, such as clinical governance, targeted orientation programmes, and clinical supervision.     

脑卒中患者的社区健康指导

目的探讨脑卒中患者的社区键康指导。方法选取40例脑卒中患者,以每周1次家庭访视和电话访谈相结合,对患者进行健康指导,后进行生活质量评估。结果40例患者均能遵从良好的生活方式,加强了服药依从性,提高了康复训练护理技能,加强了自身健康管理,提高了生活质量。结论通过对患者进行健康教育,指导其遵医嘱正规服药,培养良好的生活方式。持续家庭康复护理训练及自我健康管理对患者起到了良好的干预作用。     

食管癌放疗前胸部CT检查的临床价值

放疗是治疗食管癌的主要手段之一,为了进一步提高食管癌放疗的局部控制率,回顾分析我院2002年1月至2005年10月期间,放疗前经过胸部CT、食管X线气钡双重造影、及经过食管镜活检病理或细胞学检查证实的病人,评价胸部CT对放疗计划制定的价值。食管癌常规放疗设野:①为三野等中心照     

Improving mental health service users' physical health through medication monitoring: a literature review

nash m . (2011) Journal of Nursing Management  19, 360–365
Improving mental health service users’ physical health through medication monitoring: a literature review Aim To explore the importance of improving physical health in mental health service users through medication monitoring. Background Mental health service users’ physical health is frequently poor, although many have contact with health-care services. Adverse drug reactions are a unique risk factor for poor physical health. However, medication monitoring remains inconsistent. Evaluation A literature review was conducted using search terms: medication monitoring, adverse drug reactions, physical health/illness, mental health/psychiatric nursing. Databases searched included PsychINFO, Pubmed, CINHAL and the British Nursing Index. Key issue Structured medication monitoring is required to enhance physical health and reduce the risk of adverse events. Implications for nursing management Nurse managers should promote a culture of evidence-based practice in medication monitoring. Practitioner learning needs and competencies should be assessed to provide relevant education and skills training. Conclusion Nurse managers require strategic leadership to transform practice and enhance mental health service users’ physical health through medication monitoring. Good practice guidelines should be implemented to improve quality of care and reduce the risk of adverse events. Addition to current knowledge This paper illustrates the importance of medication monitoring in improving physical health.     

CT冠状面扫描在诊断前列腺癌中的应用价值

目的比较CT冠状位扫描和横断位扫描对前列腺癌的解剖结构和影像特征的显示,探讨CT冠状位扫描在前列腺癌诊断与鉴别诊断中的应用价值.方法回顾性分析60例手术、病理证实的前列腺癌患者的资料.术前均行CT冠状位扫描和横断位扫描,观察前列腺大小、密度、表面光滑度、包膜完整性、周围组织界限和有无转移等,并将CT表现与手术病理对照分析.结果 60例前列腺癌患者中,CT冠扫所显示的前列腺癌病灶的大小与手术结果基本一致55例(91.6%),轴扫40例(66.7%)(P<0.05);CT冠扫能清楚显示密度差异52例(86.7%),轴扫28例(46.7%)(P<0.01);表面光滑度58例手术证实前列腺表面呈结节状改变,CT冠扫显示此改变49例(84.5%),轴扫25例(43.1%)(P<0.01);包膜完整性40例手术证实前列腺包膜不完整,CT冠扫显示不完整包膜38例(95.0%),轴扫21例(52.5%)(P＜0.01);周围组织界限42例手术证实前列腺癌与周围组织界限清楚,CT冠扫能清楚显示39例(92.9%),轴扫21例(50.0%)(P<0.01);周围转移 18例手术证实前列腺癌对周围组织或远处有转移,CT冠扫显示转移15例(83.3%),轴扫7例(46.7%)(P＜0.05).结论 CT冠状位扫描对前列腺癌影像结构的显示明显优于横断位扫描,更能显示其细微的影像学特征.