Sonographic assessment of ovarian reserve. Its correlation with outcome of in vitro fertilization cycles.

Ovarian reserve is a crucial factor for normal ovarian response and the achievement of pregnancy after in vitro fertilization (IVF). Recently, the study of morphological markers by means of ultrasonographic counting of antral follicles (AFC) has proved useful. The present prospective study included 327 consecutive IVF patients who had a basal ultrasound scan of their ovarian reserve during the early follicular phase and had a first IVF cycle between 1 and 3 months later. We performed 313 ovum pick-ups with a mean of 11.1 +/- 7.9 oocytes retrieved. The pregnancy rate per aspiration was 34.5%. Clear and significant differences were observed between normal and low response with respect to AFC, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level and age. We also found that AFC correlated negatively and significantly with age, FSH and LH, and positively and also significantly with the total number of follicles, estradiol level and the number of oocytes retrieved. Using receiver operating characteristic curves, the cut-off value of AFC for poor response was 7 follicles. The value of AFC for predicting pregnancy was lower, although patients with AFC of 8 or more follicles obtained significantly higher pregnancy rates. We consider that AFC should be included in the study of the infertile patient.     

Prospective analysis of ovarian reserve markers as determinant in response to controlled ovarian stimulation in women undergoing IVF cycles in low resource setting in India

Introduction

The objective of this study was to determine whether ovarian reserve markers can predict ovarian response in women undergoing their first cycle of assisted reproduction.

Materials and methods

This prospective observational study included 292 infertile patients undergoing their first IVF trial in the Assisted Reproductive Unit in a tertiary care hospital. Day 2 follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Inhibin B, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC) and ovarian volume was measured before commencement of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. The main outcome measures were oocytes retrieved and this was correlated with ovarian reserve markers.

Results

The mean age was 31.8 (±4.4) years and mean duration of infertility 8.2 (±3.9) years. The correlation between oocytes retrieved and age, day 2 FSH, Inhibin B, AMH, AFC and volume of the ovary was calculated. A negative correlation was found with age (r = ?0.22, p < 0.001) and day 2 FSH (r = ?0.35, p < 0.001). A positive correlation was seen with AMH (r = 0.15, p = 0.022), AFC (r = 0.48, p < 0.05) and volume (r = 0.17, p = 0.009). In the bivariate analysis, 1 year increase in age was found to decrease the oocytes retrieved count by 0.37 with a significant p value. The independent significant factors found in multiple linear regression analysis were day 2 FSH and AFC.

Discussion

The present study concludes that day 2 FSH and AFC are promising biomarkers for ovarian reserve in predicting ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation in IVF patients.     

Is there a critical endometrioma size associated with reduced ovarian responsiveness in assisted reproduction techniques?

This study investigated the relationships between ovarian endometrioma size, ovarian responsiveness and the number of retrieved oocytes following ovarian stimulation. A prospective study was conducted in a public clinical assisted reproduction centre. A total of 64 infertile women with monolateral endometriomas undergoing IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection were included in the study. The total number of follicles, number of follicles ≥16 mm and number of oocytes retrieved of ovaries containing endometrioma and normal ovaries were compared. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess whether number of follicles and collected oocytes varied by endometrioma size, age, basal FSH concentration. Significantly lower numbers of follicles ≥16 mm (P = 0.024) and oocytes retrieved (P = 0.001) in the ovaries containing endometrioma were observed. In patients with endometriomas ≥30 mm, endometrioma size was the most influential contributor to the total number of follicles and oocytes retrieved. Ovarian endometriomas result in reduced response to ovarian stimulation, compared with the response of the contralateral normal ovary in the same individual. In case of endometriomas <30 mm, basal FSH concentration remains the most important prognostic factor for oocyte retrieval.     

Egg production predicts a doubling of in vitro fertilization pregnancy rates even within defined age and ovarian reserve categories

OBJECTIVE: To examine the age-independent association of ovarian response and IVF outcome in women with normal and abnormal ovarian reserve. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: Academic IVF center. PATIENT(S): Four thousand eight hundred sixty-two consecutive IVF cycles. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Outcome of IVF was analyzed as a function of ovarian response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and ovarian reserve. RESULT(S): The mean patient age was 36.2 +/- 4.5 years. Younger patients and patients with normal ovarian reserve were found to have better implantation and clinical pregnancy rates. Patients with normal ovarian reserve had a higher number of oocytes retrieved, mature oocytes, two-pronuclei embryos, and embryos transferred. A greater number of embryos were transferred for patients with higher ovarian response. Higher clinical pregnancy rates were seen in those patients who had more oocytes retrieved for all patients, regardless of age and ovarian reserve. In fact, clinical pregnancy rates more than doubled for specific patient groups. CONCLUSION(S): In an age-independent fashion, ovarian response is highly predictive of IVF outcome in women with normal and abnormal ovarian reserve. These findings highlight the importance of not solely relying on age when presenting and discussing IVF outcome data and are useful information when helping patients interpret their IVF cycle response.     

Ovarian stromal vascularity is not predictive of ovarian response and pregnancy

The role of ovarian stromal vascularity in the prediction of the ovarian response and pregnancy in infertile women was evaluated by comparing age of women, body mass index (BMI), basal FSH concentration, antral follicle count (AFC) and ovarian stromal vascularity indices measured by three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound. A total of 111 women in their first IVF cycle were analysed. They were aged <40 years with basal FSH concentration <10 IU/l on recruitment for IVF treatment. AFC, mean ovarian volume and mean ovarian 3D power Doppler flow indices were determined on day 2 of the treatment cycle prior to a standard regimen of ovarian stimulation. Ovarian response was represented by the number of oocytes, serum oestradiol, the duration and dosage of gonadotrophins. AFC achieved the best predictive value in relation to the number of oocytes obtained, followed by age of women and BMI. Basal FSH concentration was the only predictive factor for the duration and dosage of gonadotrophin used. Mean ovarian 3D power Doppler flow indices were not predictive of pregnancy in a multiple logistic regression analysis. Ovarian 3D power Doppler flow indices measured after pituitary down-regulation were not predictive of the ovarian response and pregnancy in the IVF treatment.     

Ultrasonographical predictive factors of ovarian response to stimulation prior to in vitro fertilization

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate whether ovarian antral follicles number, ovarian volume and ovarian area are predictive of ovarian response. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective cohort analysis of 41 women with normal basal serum FSH concentration, who were undergoing their IVF cycle. The ovarian antral follicle number, the ovarian volume and area were determined by transvaginal ultrasonography on the third menstrual day for 20 women, and after pituitary suppression for 21 women. The main outcome measures are the number of follicles the day of HCG with a diameter >or=14 mm, the number of oocytes retrieved and the number of embryos. RESULTS: The antral follicle count was significantly correlated to the number of follicles (R=0.7; P<0.001), to the number of oocytes retrieved (R=0.46; P=0.008) and to the number of embryos (R=0.44; P=0.01). The ovarian volume and area was significantly correlated to the number of follicles. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The total antral follicle number on day 3 has a predictive value for favourable IVF outcome. Because this sonographic count is easy, safe and inexpensive it should be performed prior every IVF cycle.     

Three-dimensional ultrasonographic ovarian measurements and in vitro fertilization outcome are related to age

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the number of ovarian antral follicles, ovarian volume, and ovarian stromal blood flow change with age and to prospectively analyze whether three-dimensional ultrasonographic measurements predict ovarian response and IVF outcome. DESIGN: Prospective analysis. SETTING: Assisted reproductive unit. PATIENT(S): Fifty-six consecutive women 22 to 43 years of age with normal basal serum FSH concentrations who were undergoing their first IVF cycle. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Number of ovarian antral follicles, ovarian volume, and ovarian stromal flow index were determined by three-dimensional and power Doppler ultrasonography. Pretreatment measurements were compared with number of recovered oocytes, fertilization rates, and pregnancy rates. RESULT(S): As patient age increased, significant trends in ovarian volume, number of follicles, and stromal vascularity decreased. Three-dimensional ovarian measurements and fertilization rates differed significantly among age groups. For each age group, a higher number of antral follicles, greater ovarian volume, and favorable ovarian stromal vascularity was associated with higher number of retrieved oocytes and increased pregnancy rates. CONCLUSION(S): Increasing patient age is associated with poor ovarian response, as represented by smaller ovarian volume, lower antral follicle count, and poor stromal vascularity. Three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography can help to individualize IVF in patients regardless of age.     

Which cut-off value of serum anti-Müllerian hormone level can predict poor ovarian reserve,poor ovarian response to stimulation and in vitro fertilization success? A prospective data analysis

The aim of our study is to demonstrate which cut-off value of serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level can predict poor ovarian reserve, poor ovarian response to stimulation and IVF outcomes. About 311 of 520 women enrolled IVF treatment cycle that meets inclusion criteria were recruited for this prospective data analysis. Data were collected for: age, duration of infertility, basal FSH and AMH level, total dosage of gonadotropins, maximum estradiol levels, duration of stimulations, total number of oocytes retrieved and clinical PR. Mean AMH was 1.76?±?1.4?ng/ml and mean age was 33.25?±?5.5 years. Clinical PR was 39.8% (n?=?124). AMH was inversely correlated to total dosage of gonadotropins and age, AMH positively had a significant correlation with maximum estradiol levels, duration of stimulations and total number of oocytes retrieved. The patients in both categories of AMH levels, ≤0.5 and ≤1?ng/ml responded poorly to ovarian stimulation, had significantly higher total dosage of gonadotropins used and FSH levels on cycle day 3, lower maximum E2 levels and clinical PR. AMH could be an acceptable screening test in prediction of ovarian reserve, response to ovarian stimulation and PRs. AMH cut-off value ≤1?ng/ml may predict poor ovarian reserve, poor ovarian response to stimulation and IVF outcomes.     

预测体外受精中卵巢反应性相关因素分析

目的:比较基础抑制素B(basal inhibin B,bINHB)、基础卵泡刺激素(bFSH)、年龄、窦卵泡计数(AFC)对于体外受精中卵巢反应的预测价值。方法:选取首次施行体外受精/卵胞质内单精子注射-胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)患者796例,于促排卵开始前1个月,测定月经第3日血清bINHB、bFSH水平,B超测定当日卵巢内AFC,分别比较其与获卵数的相关性。结果:bINHB、AFC与获卵数呈正相关性,相关系数(r)分别为0.147和0.661;bFSH、年龄与获卵数呈负相关,r分别为-0.239和-0.355,均P<0.001。按|r|值行相关性排序,bINHB、bFSH、年龄、AFC与获卵数相关性递增。结论:bINHB、bFSH、年龄、AFC均可以预测卵巢反应性,AFC是预测卵巢反应最好的指标。     

Antral follicle count determines poor ovarian response better than anti-müllerian hormone but age is the only predictor for live birth in in vitro fertilization cycles

Purpose

To determine the predictive value of serum anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations and antral follicle counts (AFC), on ovarian response and live birth rates after IVF and compare with age and basal FSH.

Methods

Basal levels of AMH, FSH and antral follicle count were measured in 192 patients prior to IVF treatment. The predictive value of these parameters were evaluated in terms of retrieved oocyte number and live birth rates.

Results

Poor responders in IVF were older, had lower AFC and AMH but higher basal FSH levels. In multivariate analysis AFC was the best and only independent parameter among other parameters and AMH was better than age and basal FSH to predict poor response to ovarian stimulation. Addition of AMH, basal FSH, age and total gonadotropin dose to AFC did not improve its prognostic reliability. Area under curve (AUC) for each parameter according to ROC analysis also revealed that AFC performed better in poor response prediction compared with AMH, basal FSH and age. The cut-off point for mean AMH and AFC in discriminating the best between poor and normal ovarian response cycles was 0.94 ng/mL (with a sensitivity of 70 % and a specificity of 86 %) and 5.5 (with a sensitivity of 91 % and a specificity of 91 %), respectively. However, age was the only independent predictor of live birth in IVF as compared to hormonal and ultrasound indices of ovarian reserve.

Conclusion

AFC is better than AMH to predict poor ovarian response. Although AMH and AFC could be used to predict ovarian response they had limited value in live birth prediction. The only significant predictor of the probability of achieving a live birth was age.     

Predictive power of clomiphene citrate challenge test for failure of in vitro fertilization treatment

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the impact of ovarian reserve on the outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment in 140 women, in a total of 279 treatment cycles. METHODS: All women underwent a clomiphene citrate (CC) challenge test to assess their ovarian reserve before IVF treatment. One hundred and eighteen women (84%) had normal basal follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels (3.1-10.0 IU/l) and 22 women (16%) had elevated FSH levels (> 10.0-24.0 IU/l). The FSH levels measured on cycle day 10 showed that 106 (76%) of the women could be regarded as having a normal ovarian reserve and 34 (24%) a diminished ovarian reserve. RESULTS: In the group with diminished ovarian reserve, pregnancies and live births were dramatically lower than in the group with normal ovarian reserve. Counting only the first cycle (n = 140), the number of ongoing pregnancies and live birth rate were highly different between the two groups: 3% vs. 36% (1/33 vs. 28/78). Counting all treatment cycles (n = 210 + 69) the clinical pregnancy rate in the diminished ovarian reserve group was 6%-31% compared with the normal woman (4/69 compared 65/210). The number of started treatment cycles per woman were similar in the two groups. The length of the ovarian stimulations were slightly longer in the group with elevated FSH compared with the group with normal FSH levels. The number of cancellations resulting from insufficient ovarian response was significantly higher in the group with diminished ovarian reserve (n = 38, 55%) compared with the normal women (n = 32, 15%) (p < 0.0001). In addition, the average E2 levels before oocyte pick up were significantly lower in the group of women with diminished ovarian reserve compared with normal women (p < 0.0001). Calculation of the sensitivity and specificity of the CC test showed that an abnormal test has a high probability for a negative treatment outcome. The number of retrieved, fertilized oocytes, the number of divided oocytes, and the number of embryo transfers in the first as well as in all cycles differed significantly between the two of groups women (p < 0.001-0.009). CONCLUSIONS: We found that the CC challenge test is a useful tool in assessing a woman's ovarian capacity before infertility treatment. The predictive value of the test for a negative outcome of IVF treatment was strong. We recommend performing the test before infertility treatment. This may prevent unnecessary treatment trials and unrealistic expectations from both patients and doctors.     

Correlations between antral follicle count and ultrasonographic ovarian parameters and clinical variables and outcomes in IVF cycles

Aims: To assess the correlation between the antral follicle count (AFC) and other ultrasonographic parameters and clinical variables in in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. Methods: Pretreatment ultrasonographic evaluation included AFC (total), large (5–10 mm) and small (2–4 mm) antral follicles, ovarian volume, and ovarian Doppler indices. Data were prospectively uploaded and subsequently analysed in relation to IVF cycle results. Results: The study included 128 women (128 cycles). Analysis of body mass index (BMI) yielded a weak significant correlation with large (5–10?mm) AFC but not with other sonographic variables. AFC was significantly correlated with patient age, ovarian volume, number of retrieved oocytes, total dose of used gonadotropins, peak estradiol, number of top-quality embryos, and number of frozen embryos and marginally correlated with number of aspirated immature oocytes. Lower large (5–10?mm) AFC was the only ovarian parameter associated with oral contraception pretreatment compared to nontreatment, even after adjustment for age and BMI. There was no difference in any of the parameters between short and long IVF cycles. Conclusions: BMI is only weakly correlated with AFC. Pretreatment with oral contraceptives may be associated with lower AFC. Pretreatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (long protocol) does not alter the ultrasonographic ovarian parameters.     

抗苗勒管激素在辅助生殖技术中预测卵巢反应性的价值

目的:探讨抗苗勒管激素(anti-Mllerian hormone,AMH/MIS)在辅助生殖技术中预测卵巢反应性的价值。方法:按纳入标准选择80例第一次接受IVF-ET治疗的患者,于启动周期月经第2天用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定血清AMH水平;电化学免疫发光法测定基础血清FSH、LH、E2、T、PRL。同时用超声诊断仪为卵巢窦卵泡计数。记录促性腺激素总量、获卵数等。结果:(1)卵巢低反应组(n=14)与正常反应组(n=66)基础AMH水平分别为0.38±0.27ng/ml、2.10±1.25ng/ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)获卵数与基础血清AMH、窦状卵泡数(AFC)呈正相关,相关系数分别为0.776,0.577,与FSH、FSH/LH呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.405,-0.528。多元线性回归分析各项指标对获卵数的影响按序依次为基础血清AMH、AFC、FSH、FSH/LH、年龄;(3)基础血清AMHROCAUC为0.961。卵巢低反应的基础血清AMHCut-off值为0.562ng/ml时,其灵敏度可达96%、特异性86%,阳性预测值92.3%,阴性预测值97%。结论:辅助生殖技术中基础血清AMH水平与目前临床常用指标相比,预测卵巢反应性的诊断价值最高,且灵敏、简便、经济。     

Reference values in ovarian response to controlled ovarian stimulation throughout the reproductive period

The age-related decline in ovarian response to gonadotropins has been well known since the beginning of ovarian stimulation in IVF cycles and has been considered secondary to the age-related decline in ovarian reserve. The objective of this study was to establish reference values and to construct nomograms of ovarian response for any specific age to gonadotropins in IVF/ICSI cycles. We analyzed our database containing information on IVF cycles. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 703 patients were selected. Among inclusion criteria, there were regular menstrual cycle, treatment with a long GnRH agonist protocol and starting follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) dose of at least 200?IU per day. To estimate the reference values of ovarian response, the CG-LMS method was used. A linear decline in the parameters of ovarian response with age was observed: the median number of oocytes decreases approximately by one every three years, and the median number of follicles >16?mm by one every eight years. The number of oocytes and growing follicles corresponding to the 5th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 95th centiles has been calculated. This study confirmed the well known negative relationship between ovarian response to FSH and female ageing and permitted the construction of nomograms of ovarian response.     

Prediction of pregnancy in IVF cycles on the fourth day of ovarian stimulation

Purpose Prediction of IVF outcome on the first days of ovarian stimulation has focused clinical research for many years. The aim of this work is to predict the probability of pregnancy on the fourth day of ovarian stimulation for IVF cycle, using parameters usually determined in this stage—estradiol, antral follicle count—together with parameters determined previously: FSH on the third day of cycle and women age. Materials and methods One hundred and ten patients with primary infertility due to a tubal factor were recruited to participate in a prospective study. FSH was determined on the third day of spontaneous cycle. Antral follicles and estradiol were measured on the fourth day of ovarian stimulation. After oocyte pick-up, quality and quantity of oocytes and embryos and pregnancy rates were assessed. Results In stepwise multiple logistic regression the variables with better predictiveness over pregnancy are: antral follicles count, estradiol and woman age. The logistic regression analyses demonstrate that the capacity of the model that uses these variables to predict pregnancy is 75%, with a positive predictive value of 69% and a negative predictive value of 80%. Conclusions On the fourth day of ovarian stimulation of IVF cycles, the variables with highest predictiveness are: antral follicle count, estradiol and women age. When these variables are included in a model of prediction, the capacity to predict pregnancy is 75%. On the fourth day of ovarian stimulation for IVF cycles, antral follicles count, estradiol and woman age predict IVF outcome as reflected by quantity and quality of oocytes, embryos obtained and pregnancy rates.     

Active smoking compromises IVF outcome and affects ovarian reserve

Although the association between smoking and female infertility is now largely demonstrated, the proportion of smokers in women of reproductive age remains important. Tobacco contains numerous toxicants that could affect ovarian reserve and lead to poor prognosis in assisted reproductive techniques. To investigate the effect of female active smoking on ovarian reserve and IVF outcome, smoking status, hormonal status, i.e. serum FSH, oestradiol and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), ovarian response to hyperstimulation, i.e. mature oocytes retrieved, and IVF outcome, i.e. clinical pregnancy, were retrospectively analysed in 111 women undergoing IVF-embryo transfer cycles. Compared with non-smokers (n = 71), active smoking women (n = 40) had decreased ovarian response (12.12 +/- 5 versus 8.62 +/- 4 mature oocytes retrieved) to hyperstimulation and lower clinical pregnancy rate (29.6 versus 10.0%). Serum AMH concentrations were lower in the smoker group (3.86 +/- 1.92 versus 3.06 +/- 1.68 mug/l) and had no predictive value for ovarian response, inversely to non-smokers. In conclusion, active smoking is associated with poor prognosis in assisted reproduction cycles, i.e. ovarian response and pregnancy, and leads to altered ovarian reserve, as reflected by decreased serum AMH concentrations.     

Age and ovarian reserve are distinct predictive factors of cycle outcome in low responders

The respective roles of age and ovarian reserve in predicting IVF outcome do not seem to be equivalent, as a high pregnancy rate seems to be preserved in the youngest women, despite low ovarian recruitment. The purpose of this study was to analyse the outcome of IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedures according to both age and ovarian reserve of patients with a low ovarian response to stimulation. A total of 163 IVF/ICSI cycles selected by a low response were analysed. The IVF outcome differed according to the women's age, with a cut-off value at 36 years. While the number of transferred embryos was similar, the pregnancy rate (PR) was 14.6% in younger patients but 4.9% (P < 0.04) in older ones. An elevated FSH was constantly associated with a poor cycle outcome. In contrast, when the FSH was normal, PR was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in women aged <36 (23.8%) than in women aged > or =36 (6.5%). This study shows that assisted reproduction outcome in women with a low ovarian response is primarily dependent on the ovarian status. The negative influence of age is relevant in patients with normal FSH. Therefore, even if the ovarian response to stimulation is low, patients aged <36 years with a normal FSH should proceed to oocyte retrieval.     

Age is a better predictor of pregnancy potential than basal follicle-stimulating hormone levels in women undergoing in vitro fertilization

OBJECTIVE: To analyze to what extent the parameters of ovarian functional reserve including female age and basal FSH levels will affect the results of ovarian hyperstimulation and IVF outcome. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.University hospital infertility center. PATIENT(S): One thousand forty-five women undergoing their first cycle of IVF with ovarian stimulation after pituitary desensitization. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Cycle parameters, cancellation rate, implantation rate, and pregnancy rate. RESULT(S): Both increasing age and basal FSH were associated significantly with reduced numbers of oocytes collected, oocytes fertilized, and embryos transferred. The combined use of age and basal FSH significantly improves the predictive power for these parameters. Increasing age, but not basal FSH, was associated significantly with reduced implantation rate and pregnancy rate. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, but not basal FSH, was an independent predictor of pregnancy rate. Neither age nor basal FSH had significant association with fertilization rate, miscarriage rate, or ectopic pregnancy rate. CONCLUSION(S): Both basal FSH and age contributed to the prediction of the quantitative ovarian reserve as reflected by the number of oocytes collected. However, age is a better predictor of pregnancy potential for women undergoing IVF.     

卵巢储备功能测定在体外受精(IVF)技术中的临床价值探讨

目的:探讨在体外受精-胚胎移植技术中对超促排卵最具临床价值的卵巢储备功能测定指标。方法:将2003.10-2004.10间,105例接受IVF-ET治疗的不孕患者的年龄、基础FSH值、基础窦卵泡数、卵巢体积和卵巢基质血流测定指标与IVF超排中卵巢的实际反应进行对比并作相关性分析。结果:年龄、FSH与获卵数呈非常显著负相关,与促性腺激素(Gn)注射支数呈显著正相关;窦卵泡数、卵巢体积与获卵数呈非常显著正相关,与Gn注射支数呈非常显著负相关;其中以基础窦卵泡数与卵巢反应关系最为密切。卵巢基质血流与卵巢反应无显著相关。结论:年龄、基础FSH值、阴道超声测量基础窦卵泡数和卵巢体积均能预测超排时卵巢对促性腺激素刺激的反应性,并有简便、经济之优点,其中以窦卵泡计数的预测价值最高,窦卵泡计数不仅可用于卵巢低反应的预测,还可预测卵巢反应过激,而年龄与基础FSH仅在预测卵巢低反应中较为敏感,卵巢基质血流对预测卵巢反应的意义有待进一步探讨。     

基础窦卵泡数在评价卵巢的反应性及预测人类辅助生殖技术(ART)结局中的作用

目的:探讨基础总窦卵泡数(tAFC)在评价卵巢功能和预测ART结局中的作用。方法:回顾性分析1 353例接受常规体外受精(IVF)/卵母细胞质内单精子显微注射(ICSI)治疗的不孕患者早卵泡期窦卵泡计数的资料,按tAFC分组:A组<5个,B组5~10个,C组11~15个,D组>15个,分别统计各组促性腺激素(Gn)用量、hCG注射日直径≥14 mm卵泡数、获卵数、2原核(2PN)数、可利用胚胎数及妊娠结局。结果:tAFC对卵巢反应性和卵巢储备功能的预测价值优于年龄和基础卵泡刺激素(bFSH),tAFC<10个预示卵巢低反应性,>12个则预示卵巢高反应性;tAFC对ART结局的预测价值稍优于年龄和bFSH,tAFC>10个则预示临床妊娠可能性大,tAFC>15个或<5个则预示周期取消率增加。新鲜周期妊娠率随tAFC增多而上升(C组最高42.3%),周期取消率随tAFC增多而下降,但tAFC>15个时,周期取消率上升至24.2%,主要原因是卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)。结论:基础tAFC与影响ART结局的各种因素密切相关,可作为预测ART结局的参考指标,并且直接有效地评价卵巢储备功能和卵巢反应性,是患者接受ART前的首选检查,临床应用中值得推广。