单切口经脐腹腔镜胃旁路术与腹腔镜5孔胃旁路术的比较研究

目的腹腔镜胃旁路手术Roux-en-Y已经成为减重手术的金标准,但常规手术常需要5～7个皮肤切口来放置trocar,因此,切口可能会产生不尽患者满意的结果。我们设计了一个治疗病态肥胖的新技术:单切口经脐胃旁路手术(singleincision transumbilical LRYGB,SITU-LRYGB)。本研究比较腹腔镜5孔胃旁路手术(5-port LRYGB)和SITU-LRYGB手术结果与患者满意度。方法 50例重度肥胖(男14例,女36例)分别接受5-port LRYGB(25例)或SITU-LRYGB(25例)。在肚脐上方以Omega形状切口6 cm,在直接可视下、将3个trocar分置于三角形的三角位置入。术中我们使用新设计的肝脏牵引方法———肝悬吊带。结果术后2组皆未出现接口泄漏或出血并发症。SITU组手术时间较5-port LRYGB组长[(99.8±11.1)min vs(67.6±20.5)min,t=6.906,P=0.000]。对术后切口,SITU组有更高的满意度[(4.5±0.6)分vs(4.0±0.7)分,t=2.712,P=0.009]。结论腹腔镜胃旁路手术可以成功地以单切口经脐方式来施行,除了手术时间短与术后恢复良好之外,几乎无瘢痕是手术最让病人满意的地方。     

经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术与经典腹腔镜胆囊切除术的疗效比较

目的 比较经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊胆囊切除术(TU-LESS)与经典腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的手术效果.方法 对我院2009年5月至2010年6月间经筛选符合纳入标准的66例患者随机分为两组,33例行TU-LESS,33例行LC,比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术中并发症、术后排气、术后镇痛药物应用、术后胃肠功能恢复时间、切口感染、术后住院时间等多项指标.结果 TU-LESS组在术后排气、术后镇痛药物应用、术后胃肠功能恢复时间及术后住院时间等明显优于LC组(P<0.01),但手术时间LC组明显长于TU-LESS组(P<0.01),两组在切口感染、术中出血量及术中并发症方面无明显的差异(P>0.05).结论 经脐单孔腹腔镜手术,具有传统腹腔镜手术的优点,术后疼痛轻、恢复快、住院时间短、更加微创的技术及无疤痕效果是传统腹腔镜手术不具备的,但因TU-LESS手术难度较LC明显增高,故早期开展手术时间明显延长,且术前需经过严格的筛选,以保证手术的安全性.     

经脐单切口腹腔镜胆囊切除术：单中心500例手术经验

目的总结经脐单切口腹腔镜胆囊切除术（single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy,SILC）的临床经验。方法 2009年5月～2011年8月行SILC 500例。术中经脐部切口置入1枚10 mm trocar及2枚5 mm trocar,3枚trocar呈倒三角形方式排列。利用超声刀经胆囊后三角入路逆行切除胆囊。结果 1例因术中发现存在副肝管中转为四孔法,1例因术中出血不易控制中转三孔法,其余SILC手术均获成功,手术时间（51.4±20.1）min。术中出血量中位数10 ml（5～100 ml）,胃肠蠕动功能恢复时间（2.0±0.8）d。1例术后出现毛细胆管胆汁漏,经保守治疗痊愈;1例术后出现肝床渗血,二次手术治愈。随访1～3个月,发生并发症的2例痊愈,无其他并发症发生;2例切口处皮下血肿,经保守治疗后愈合,其余患者无出血、胆漏、切口疝等并发症发生,术后恢复良好,手术瘢痕隐蔽。结论 SILC安全有效,且具有创伤小、美容效果好等优点。在严格选择病例、掌握适应证及操作原则后,可逐渐学习并掌握,便于广泛开展。     

经脐单一部位三通道腹腔镜胆囊切除术60例报告

目的探讨经脐单切口三通道腹腔镜胆囊切除术的疗效。方法 2009年3月～2010年6月对60例胆囊良性疾病行经脐单切口三通道腹腔镜胆囊切除。取脐部上缘15～20 mm弧形切口,在切口深部腹直肌前鞘表面游离出一三角形的区域,建立3个通道并形成倒三角形,将腹腔镜与器械分别置入,分离出胆囊管及胆囊动脉后用10 mm钛夹夹闭离断胆囊管和胆囊动脉,电钩顺行切除胆囊,将胆囊从脐切口取出。结果 60例经脐单切口手术均获得成功,无胆管损伤,无中转开腹及加孔手术。初期30例手术时间40～120 min,平均80.5 min;后期30例手术时间25～50 min,平均30.3 min。术后8～16 h进流质饮食并下床活动。住院时间1.5～3 d,平均2 d。60例随访1～12个月,平均6.5月,未发现胆道残留结石、胆管狭窄及切口感染等并发症。结论经脐单切口三通道腹腔镜胆囊切除术创伤小,恢复快,美容效果佳,疗效满意。     

经脐单切口腹腔镜胆囊切除术围手术期护理体会

<正>经脐单切口腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)具有创伤小、痛苦少、康复快及美容等优点~([1]),但仍具有一定的手术风险,围手术期的护理非常重要。2012年10月至2016年5月我院共开展226例经脐单切口LC,效果满意。现结合临床资料将围手术期护理体会报道如下。1资料与方法本组226例患者中男125例,女101例;20~83岁,平均(46.3±13.2)岁。术前诊断为胆囊结石伴慢性胆囊炎124     

减重外科新概念——精准腹腔镜胃旁路术

现代减重外科已从粗放模式向精准模式转变,精准腹腔镜胃旁路术这一新概念充分体现了人文医学、循证医学、微创化治疗等先进理念,以实现最小创伤侵袭、最大脏器保护、最低医疗耗费、最佳减重效果为理想目标.该理念必将有广阔前景,成为减重外科的主流理念.     

经脐单一切口腹腔镜阑尾切除术131例分析

目的 探讨经脐单一切口腹腔镜阑尾切除术（transumbilical single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy,TUSILA）的可行性和应用价值.方法 我院2008年2月～2011年6月行131例TUSILA,在脐环下缘沿脐缘做弧形切口,长1.5~1.8 cm,于弧形切口置入1个10 mm trocar和2个3 mm trocar,trocar内置入10 mm 30°腹腔镜和腹腔镜器械,完成腹腔镜下阑尾切除术.结果 129例成功施行TUSILA,2例因阑尾周围粘连严重和阑尾后位中转开腹（中转率1.5%）.129例TUSILA手术时间25～130 min,平均40 min.无切口感染,术后1~3 d出院,平均2.6 d.129例TUSILA电话或门诊随访6个月,脐部切口瘢痕不明显,无脐疝出现,美容效果好.结论 TUSILA微创、美观、安全可行,值得推广.     

经脐单切口微型腔镜胆囊切除术与传统腹腔镜胆囊切除术的比较

目的比较微型腔镜下经脐单切口胆囊切除术与传统腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）的临床效果,探讨应用常规器械行经脐单切口微型腔镜胆囊切除的可行性。方法 2010年6～11月60例胆囊良性疾病按手术日分为2组,由同一手术组医师分别施行经脐单切口微型腔镜胆囊切除术与传统LC,前者除换用3 mm尿道镜外,余均使用同样的设备和操作器械,比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛评分、术后并发症、总住院费用及术后住院时间。结果 2组均完成胆囊切除,无中转开腹手术,术后无并发症发生。传统组手术时间（47.7±21.6）min明显短于单切口组（62.6±30.6）min（t=2.179,P=0.033）,2组术中出血量、术后疼痛评分、总住院费用及术后住院时间无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论 微型腔镜下单切口胆囊切除术可行,不仅具有传统LC的优点,还具有切口隐蔽性好,更好的美容效果等特点。     

经脐单切口腹腔镜胆囊切除术31例报告

目的探讨经脐单切口腹腔镜胆囊切除术的安全性及可行性。方法 2010年3月～12月行经脐单切口腹腔镜胆囊切除术31例。围手术期处理及手术原则同传统腹腔镜胆囊切除。经脐旁切口探查腹腔后,置入单孔器械或3个不同长度的trocar,分别置入操作器械。左右手器械在腹腔内交叉操作,顺行切除胆囊。结果 2例中转为传统腹腔镜胆囊切除术：1例为胆囊颈部结石嵌顿、胆囊三角处粘连致解剖困难;另1例为胆囊与十二指肠、大网膜粘连严重,探查后即中转。手术时间平均50.7 min（30～100 min）,术中出血量平均27.1 ml（5～100 ml）,肠功能恢复时间平均1.3 d（1～2 d）,术后住院时间平均2.5 d（1～4 d）。至2011年4月,29例随访1～13个月,平均6.3月,随访率93.5%（29/31）,均无腹痛、黄疸等术后胆道相关疾病症状,患者对脐部切口的美容效果均满意。结论经脐单切口腹腔镜胆囊切除术在技术操作上是安全、可行的,但需要掌握相应的手术指征和操作要点。     

经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术56例回顾性分析

目的探讨经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术的可行性。方法回顾性分析我科2011年3～12月施行的56例经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床资料,胆囊结石伴胆囊炎34例,胆囊息肉样病变16例,胆囊结石合并息肉样病变6例。采用三通道套管行脐下缘弧形切口,胆囊动脉及胆囊管使用5 mm钛夹夹闭,不放置引流管。结果 56例手术均获成功。手术时间最长1例140 min,为胆囊结石伴亚急性胆囊炎,第1例为120 min,其余54例手术时间35～90 min,（58.2±17.2）min。1例术中套管内端脱出腹膜外,致前胸及腹部皮下积气,术后3天积气消失。无出血、胆漏及副损伤等并发症。术后1～4天出院。术后随访1～10.5月,中位数7.4月,无切口感染、脐疝、腹腔积液等并发症。结论经脐单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术美容效果明显,技术操作可行。     

Laparoscopic single-port sleeve gastrectomy for morbid obesity: preliminary series

BackgroundLaparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy has been recently proposed as a sole bariatric procedure because of the resulting considerable weight loss in morbidly obese patients. Traditionally, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy requires 5–6 skin incisions to allow for placement of multiple trocars. With the introduction of single-incision laparoscopic surgery, multiple abdominal procedures have been performed using a sole umbilical incision, with good cosmetic outcomes. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic single incision sleeve gastrectomy for morbid obesity.MethodsA total of 8 consecutive patients underwent laparoscopic single-incision sleeve gastrectomy at the Operative Unit of Bariatric Surgery of the University of Rome Tor Vergata from March 2009 to June 2009.ResultsOf the 8 patients, 5 were women and 3 were men, with a mean age of 44.4 years. The mean preoperative body mass index was 56.2 kg/m². The mean operative time was 128 minutes. The mean postoperative stay was 2.4 days. The mean postoperative body mass index was 49.3 kg/m² at a mean follow-up period of 3.6 months. The mean percentage of excess weight loss was 33% for the same period.ConclusionsLaparoscopic single-incision sleeve gastrectomy seems to be safe, technically feasible, and reproducible. A randomized trial comparing single-incision sleeve gastrectomy and conventional sleeve gastrectomy might be needed to evaluate the postoperative results in relation to the development of abdominal wall complications.     

经脐单一部位腹腔镜胰体尾切除术的初步体会

目的探讨经脐单一部位腹腔镜胰体尾切除术的可行性。方法 2009年6月～2011年10月对8例胰体尾部良性病变施行经脐单一部位腹腔镜胰体尾切除手术,其中保留脾脏3例,联合脾切除5例。超声刀游离周围韧带及远端胰腺,切割闭合器将胰体尾及脾血管切断,标本经脐取出。结果 7例经脐单一部位腹腔镜胰体尾切除术成功,1例因胰尾囊肿与周围粘连严重中转为多孔手术。手术时间130～240 min,(155±38)min;出血量50～250 ml,(101.3±71.6)ml;住院时间6～9 d,(7.4±1.1)d。所有患者均无术后出血、静脉血栓、发热感染等并发症。1例持续性胰漏,开腹手术修补。术后脐部切口愈合良好,美容效果明显。8例术后随访3～28个月,(14.3±8.6)月,均恢复正常工作及生活,预后良好。结论对于有经验的腹腔镜外科医生,经脐单一部位腹腔镜胰体尾切除术是可行的,并具有极佳的美容效果。     

Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery (SILS) in Biliary and Pancreatic Diseases

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard for gallbladder removal and the most common laparoscopic procedure worldwide. With the advent of laparoscopic surgery and its continuous development, the focus has shifted to ‘scarless’ surgery. In recent times, the innovative technique of single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) has been applied in gallbladder removal and even more complex biliopancreatic procedures to further minimize the invasiveness of the surgery. Newer developments in laparoscopic equipments and instrumentation have helped to further evolve this field of minimally invasive surgery. Literature search was performed using the following online search engines: Google, Medline, PubMed, Cochrane, and the online Springer link library. The terms used for the search were as follows: SILS, LESS, single-incision laparoscopic surgery, single-port laparoscopic surgery, SILS cholecystectomy, and SILS pancreatic surgery. Articles that matched the search criteria were selected and extensively reviewed. Moreover, pertinent information on instrumentation and technology for SILS and LESS was obtained by accessing websites of manufacturers. Although SILS represents the search for an essentially scarless surgery, there is still not a widespread use and uniformity of this procedure. SILS is performed either by single- or multiple-port technique. In the present article, we present a review of the potential benefits, limitations, and risks of SILS in biliary and pancreatic diseases. There are many studies showing benefits in cholecystectomy. A few case reports have also emerged about its feasibility in procedures such as cystogastrostomy and limited pancreatic resection. Further research and development of this technique is needed to arrive at a tangible conclusion about the perceived benefits of SILS. Randomized studies to compare SILS with traditional laparoscopy are essential.     

经脐单一部位腹腔镜左位胆囊切除术6例报告

2010年1月～2012年1月,对6例全内脏反位型左位胆囊结石,行经脐单一部位腹腔镜胆囊切除术。于脐部做一长约1.5 cm弧形切口,采用隧道法置入3个trocar,使用曲线型器械完成手术。6例均获成功,未放置腹腔引流管,均治愈出院,无手术并发症。     

The Impact of Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Postoperative Narcotic Use and Duration of Stay after Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery

Dexmedetomidine (Precedex, Hospira, Lake Forest, IL) is an alpha-2 receptor agonist with sedative and analgesic sparing properties. This medication has not been associated with respiratory suppression, despite occasionally high levels of sedation. For 10 months, all patients undergoing a laparoscopic bariatric procedure received a dexmedetomidine infusion 30 min before the anticipated completion of the procedure (n = 34). A control group was comprised of a similar number of patients to have had laparoscopic bariatric surgery in the time period immediately before these 10 months (n = 37). All pathways and discharge criteria were identical for patients in each group. A total of 73 patients were included in this retrospective chart review. Two gastric bypass patients were excluded for complications requiring additional surgery (one bleed and one leak). Gastric bypass patients who received a dexmedetomidine infusion required fewer narcotics (66 vs 130 mg of morphine equivalents) than control patients and met discharge criteria on post-op day (POD) 1 more often (61% discharged POD 1 vs 26% discharged POD 1, p = 0.02). Vital signs and pain scores were similar in all groups. Dexmedetomidine infusion perioperatively is safe and may help to minimize narcotic requirements and decrease duration of stay after laparoscopic bariatric procedures. This may have important patient safety ramifications in a patient population with a high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea. A well-organized prospective, randomized, double-blinded trial is necessary to confirm the benefits of dexmedetomidine suggested by this study. Presented as a poster at the annual meeting of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract (SSAT), May 2007, Washington, DC.     

单孔腹腔镜手术治疗小儿腹股沟疝(鞘膜积液)

目的探讨单孔腹腔镜手术(single-incision laparoscopic surgery,SILS)治疗小儿腹股沟疝及鞘膜积液的疗效。方法 2006年6月～2011年4月应用SILS及改制的普通硬膜外穿刺针完成176例小儿腹股沟疝及鞘膜积液手术。取脐部纵切口,直视下置入3 mm或5 mm腹腔镜,用改制的16号硬膜外穿刺针带4号丝线经皮沿内侧腹膜下潜行穿入,依次越过腹壁下动静脉、输精管、髂外血管和精索,越过精索后刺破腹膜进入腹腔,更换有凹槽的穿刺针沿外侧腹膜下穿入,到达结扎线处进入腹腔,将结扎线带出体表,体外收紧结扎,悬吊于腹壁,完成手术。结果 176例SILS手术成功,术中发现对侧隐性疝58例,均同期处理。手术时间7～50 min,平均16 min。所有患儿术后3 d出院。176例随访12个月,1例同侧复发,1例同侧并发直疝(手术证实),55例鞘膜积液无复发。结论 SILS治疗小儿腹股沟疝操作简单,疗效满意。