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目的了解辽宁省35～44、65～74岁人群根面龋的患病状况,探讨预防根面龋病的措施。方法根据第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查抽样方案,于2005年在辽宁省城市、乡村,采用多阶段分层、等容量随机抽样方法抽取35～44岁、65～74岁年龄组各792人,共1584人进行口腔健康调查。采用SPSS13.0统计软件统计各年龄组患龋率及充填率,并进行比较。结果35～44、65～74岁年龄组人群根面龋患率分别为5.56%、18.69%;龋均分别为0.07、0.36;充填率分别为4.55%、2.70%;两组人群根面龋患龋率、龋均和充填率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。无论是35～44岁年龄组还是65～74岁年龄组人群,辽宁省的城市与乡村、男性与女性受检者的根面龋患率的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论根面龋是辽宁省35～44、65～74岁年龄组人群常见的口腔疾病之一。应加大口腔健康宣传力度,提高广大群众口腔保健意识,并提高根面龋治愈率。     

2005年青海省35～44、65～74岁年龄组人群根面龋调查结果补充分析

目的:补充分析2005年第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查青海省35～44、65～74岁年龄组人群根面龋患病状况,为制定适合于中老年人群的龋病防治方案提供基线资料。方法:2005年采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,调查青海省城、乡35～44岁年龄组788人,65～74岁年龄组785人的根面龋情况,并应用SPSS 12.0统计软件进行分析。结果:35～44、65～74岁年龄组人群根面龋患龋率分别为21.45%、44.08%;龋均分别为0.345、0.966;65～74岁年龄组人群根面龋患龋率、龋均均高于35～44岁年龄组,两组人群不同性别根面龋、患龋率女性均高于男性;城市患龋率、龋均35～44岁年龄组均低于乡村;两组人群城市充填率均高于乡村;以上差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:根面龋是青海省城乡35～44、65～74岁人群中常见的口腔疾病之一,年龄、性别、地域均与根面龋的发生有关,应引起足够重视。     

2005年广东省成年人恒牙冠龋病抽样调查报告

目的 了解广东省35～44岁、 65～74岁人群恒牙龋病状况,为广东省口腔卫生保健工作提供信息支持.方法 采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样的方法,抽取广东省35～44岁、 65～74岁城乡常住人口各720人,男女各半.按照《第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案》中临床检查牙列状况的检查方法和标准,使用CPI探针检查全口恒牙牙冠龋病情况.数据采用SAS 8.1软件统计,计算出患龋率、龋均.结果 35～44岁组恒牙患龋率为63.89%、龋均为1.99;患龋率和龋均均为女性高于男性,农村高于城市. 65～74岁组患龋率为74.17%、龋均为3.37;患龋率和龋均均为农村高于城市.结论 广东省成年人群龋病患病率较高,人群大部分龋齿未得到治疗.     

青海省人群龋病流行病学抽样调查分析

目的了解青海省人群患龋状况及龋病发病的基线资料,为口腔卫生保健工作提供依据。方法根据第3次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案,首次对青海省5、12、35～44和65～74岁4个年龄组人群的患龋状况进行流行病学抽样调查。采用SPSS13.0软件对数据进行统计分析,以患龋率、龋均和龋充填率作为统计指标。结果5岁年龄组乳牙患龋率和龋均分别为71.63%和3.30。12岁年龄组恒牙冠龋患龋率和龋均分别为22.63%和0.40。35～44岁年龄组恒牙冠龋患龋率和龋均分别为64.47%和2.06。65～74岁年龄组恒牙冠龋患龋率和龋均分别为73.89%和3.08。4个年龄组龋充填率分别为1.85%、2.53%、8.00%和3.47%。结论青海省人群龋病状况不容乐观,龋齿充填率很低,应加强口腔健康教育,采取切实有效的措施,才能降低患龋率,提高龋齿的充填率。     

辽宁省12～15岁人群恒牙患龋情况抽样调查报告（2015—2016年）

目的　了解辽宁省12～15岁人群恒牙龋病状况,为辽宁省口腔健康保健工作及相关研究提供数据支持。方法　采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样的方法,抽取辽宁省12、13、14、15岁城乡常住人口共3836人。按照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案的牙列检查方法和标准,使用社区牙周指数（CPI）探针检查全口恒牙冠龋患情况。计算患龋率、龋均、充填率、患龋牙位及窝沟封闭情况,并比较存在的差异。结果　辽宁省12、13、14和15岁人群患龋率分别为 53.2%、49.7%、53.7%和 56.6%,12岁年龄组与14岁年龄组差异无统计学意义,其余各年龄组间差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）; 龋均分别为1.45、1.56、1.67 和 1.85,随着年龄增加而增加,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;患龋率和龋均两项指标城乡间比较,农村高于城市,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;不同性别间比较,女性高于男性,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。与2005年第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查结果相比,12岁人群患龋率和龋均均升高。结论　辽宁省 12～15 岁人群患龋率和龋均高于全国平均水平,农村高于城市,女性高于男性,需进一步加强相关人群的口腔预防保健措施。     

江苏省3～5岁儿童龋病流行病学抽样调查报告

目的了解江苏省3～5岁儿童龋病流行现状,为江苏省儿童口腔卫生保健工作提供信息支持。方法按照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案,采用分层多阶段等容量随机抽样的方法,抽取江苏省3～5岁儿童1 337人,其中3岁组441人、4岁组455人、5岁组441人。使用CPI探针检查全口乳牙冠龋情况,计算患龋率、龋均、充填率等。结果 3、4、5岁人群乳牙患龋率分别为47.39%、60.22%和71.43%;龋均分别为2.22、2.94、4.05;龋齿充填率分别为0.72%、1.72%、2.63%。不同年龄组的患龋率和龋均不同(P<0.05),随年龄增长,患龋状况加重。患龋率和龋均在不同性别间的差异无统计学意义。3岁人群患龋率农村高于城市(P<0.01),4岁、5岁人群患龋率在城乡间差异无统计学意义。4岁人群龋均农村大于城市(P<0.05),3岁、5岁人群龋均在城乡间差异无统计学意义。不同样本地区儿童乳牙患龋状况不同。3、4、5岁儿童乳牙显著性龋均指数分别为6.01、7.44、9.03。乳牙患龋率最高的牙位是上颌乳中切牙和下颌乳磨牙。5岁儿童乳牙患龋率和龋均高于2005年,充填率仅有小幅提升。结论江苏省3～5岁儿童乳牙患龋状况严重,应针对高风险人群进行重点防治。     

甘肃省口腔健康流行病学抽样调查报告

目的:了解并分析甘肃省城乡人群口腔健康状况,为口腔预防保健工作提供信息支持.方法: 按照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查标准和方法,采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样方法对3 158 名5、12、35～44、 65～74 岁4 个年龄组的甘肃省城乡常住人口进行口腔健康调查.结果: 被调查的4 个年龄组患龋率分别为55.80%、19.09%、61.95%、78.63%,龋齿充填率3.11%、10.76%、10.34%、4.60%;12、35～44、65～74 岁组牙龈出血检出率82.81%、93.55%、85.34%,牙结石检出率69.66%、99.37%、92.54%;35～44岁、65～74 岁组牙周袋检出率60.94%、62.20%,口腔黏膜病检出率6.32%、7.71%,义齿修复情况以可摘局部义齿和非正规固定桥多见.结论: 甘肃省城乡人群龋病患病情况低于2005 年全国平均水平,多数年龄组比1995 年甘肃省结果明显降低,但牙周病患病情况严重且高于全国平均水平.     

儿童乳牙患龋状况及其家庭口腔健康行为的差异

目的研究家庭口腔健康行为对辽宁省城乡儿童乳牙患龋状况的影响。方法采用多阶段、分层、等容量、随机抽样的方法,运用世界卫生组织《口腔健康调查基本方法》诊断标准对辽宁省城乡792名5岁儿童进行乳牙龋病检查,并随机抽取50%受检者的家长进行问卷调查。结果1）辽宁省5岁儿童乳牙患龋率为73.86%,龋均（dmft）为4.38;其中城市儿童乳牙患龋率为64.14%,农村儿童乳牙患龋率为83.59%,城乡之间儿童乳牙患龋率具有统计学差异（P<0.01）。2）口腔健康行为分析表明,农村儿童进食糖果、巧克力、糖水、碳酸饮料、果汁等的频率高于城市。城市儿童开始刷牙时间、频率、用含氟牙膏的比例均高于农村。城市家长普遍学历高,收入多,儿童定期检查和采取预防措施的人数高于农村。结论辽宁省,尤其是农村地区应加强对家庭口腔健康行为的教育。     

2005年广东省成年人恒牙根龋病抽样调查报告

目的 了解广东省35～44岁、 65～74岁人群恒牙根面龋病状况,为广东省口腔卫生保健工作提供信息支持.方法 采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样的方法,抽取广东省35～44岁、 65～74岁城乡常住人口各720人,男女各半.按照《第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案》中临床检查牙列状况的检查方法和标准,使用CPI探针检查全口恒牙根面龋病情况.数据采用SAS 8.1软件统计,计算出患龋率、龋均.结果 35～44岁组根面患龋率为31.53%、龋均为0.68;残根率为22.92%.65～74岁组根面患龋率为64.03%、龋均为2.67;残根率为52.64%.患龋率和龋均均为女性高于男性,农村高于城市.结论 广东省成年人受根面龋病患病率高,涉及面广,特别是老年人根面龋病增加迅速,大部分根面龋齿未得到治疗.     

辽宁省35～74岁人群恒牙冠龋及牙龈疾病状况抽样调查报告（2015—2016年）

目的　了解辽宁省35～74岁人群恒牙冠龋及牙龈疾病状况,为辽宁省口腔健康保健工作及相关研究提供数据支持。方法　抽取辽宁省35～44岁、55～64岁、65～74岁常住居民共计431人,按照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案中临床牙列检查方法和标准,使用CPI探针检查全口恒牙冠龋及牙龈情况,计算恒牙冠龋患病率、龋均、牙龈出血率、牙石检出率,并比较存在的差异等。结果　辽宁省35～44岁、55～64岁、65～74岁人群恒牙冠龋患病率分别为72.7%、76.4%、76.4%,其中仅35～44岁年龄组城乡差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）;龋均分别为3.36、3.40、3.90,各年龄组城市均低于农村,差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。牙龈出血检出率分别为77.6%、78.5%、68.1%,牙石检出率分别为91.6%、93.1%、88.2%,下颌前牙是牙石分布最为集中部位。结论　辽宁省中老年人群恒牙冠龋患病率、牙龈出血率及牙石检出率均较高,基础预防及治疗手段欠缺,有待进一步完善。     

东北地区人群第一恒磨牙龋病流行病学调查分析

目的了解东北地区第一恒磨牙患龋状况,为龋病防治策略提供依据。方法根据第三次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案,对东北地区9 394名5、12、35～44和65～74岁人群的第一恒磨牙龋病进行调查,采用SPSS13.0软件对数据进行统计分析,以患龋率和龋均作为统计指标。结果东北地区第一恒磨牙冠龋和根龋患病率分别为26.86%和3.81%,龋均分别为0.41和0.04,各省之间的患龋情况存在差异。冠龋主要发生于下颌,女性高于男性（P<0.01）,而根龋男女之间无统计学差异（P>0.05）。辽宁省和黑龙江省第一恒磨牙冠龋城市高于农村（P<0.01）,但吉林省冠龋城市与农村无统计学差异（P>0.05）,根龋则各省城乡之间均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论东北地区第一恒磨牙患龋较严重,应引起口腔医务工作者对其防治的重视。     

陕西省中小学生龋病抽样调查及其趋势的分析

目的：通过对陕西地区中小学生患龋情况的调查和对比分析，了解龋病的流行情况以及防治成效。方法：由高年资的口腔专科医生，按照中国学生体质、健康状况监测手册诊断标准，采用随机整群抽样法，于2000年调查了西安、汉中、延安三地区7岁、9岁、12岁、14岁和17岁5个年龄组男女学生共计3000名。进行统计学分析，并与1995年相应资料对比。结果：陕西地区中小学生乳牙患龋率为24．7％，充填率为6．41％，恒牙相应为9．07％和9．61％。乳牙龋病高发年龄段为7～9岁，恒牙龋病高发年龄段为14—17岁。患龋率和充填率存在地区、城乡差异，无性别差异。患病情况较1995年显著改善。结论：坚持中小学生口腔卫生健康教育，建设全方位多层次口腔医疗保健机构，做好口腔保健预防检查工作，保障青少年的口腔健康。     

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??Objective    To explore the dental caries of children aged 3 to 5 in Liaoning province??and provide data support for the prevention and treatment of dental caries. Methods    According to the requirements of the Fourth National Epidemiological Survey of Oral Health??a total of 1294 children aged 3??4 and 5 years old in Liaoning province were selected to calculate the prevalence and the mean dmft??decayed-missing-filled tooth??. Results    The mean dmft in the three groups of aged 3??4 and 5 years old were 3.64??5.13 and 6.33??respectively. The prevalance of dental caries in deciduous teeth were 64.0%??78.4% and 88.0%??respectively. There were significant differences in the mean dmft and the prevalence between urban and rural areas and among different aged groups??P < 0.05??. Conclusion    The prevalence of caries in children aged 3 to 5 years old in Liaoning province is serious??and the rural population is the focus group for the prevention of dental caries.     

The second national survey of oral health status of children and adults in China

OBJECTIVES: To describe the oral health status of Chinese children and adults at national level in relation to location and province and to highlight changes in dental caries experience. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study, oral epidemiological survey based on WHO methodology, clinical examinations. SETTING: National survey by National Committee for Oral Health. SUBJECTS: Representative samples of provinces, districts, townships; cluster sampling including subjects aged 5,12,15,18, 35-44 and 65-74. Each age group consisted of 23,452 participants, i.e. total of 140,712 individuals. RESULTS: At age 5, 76.6% were affected by dental caries and mean dmft was 4.5. Mean DMFT varied from 1.0 in 12-year-olds, 1.4 in 15-year-olds, 1.6 in 18-year-olds, 2.1 in 35-44-year-olds to 12.4 in 65-74-year-olds. In adults, caries experience was higher in females than in males. The effect of urbanisation on caries prevalence in children varied by province and age. Among adolescents and young adults caries levels were high in urban areas while caries experience was high for old-age people of rural areas. At national level, changes in dental caries prevalence of 12- and 15-year-olds were small. However, some provinces with extensive oral health programmes (e.g. Love Teeth Day) showed declining caries experience whereas provinces with limited preventive activities had increasing levels of caries. For all age groups, gingival bleeding and calculus were most frequent. Severe periodontal conditions were relatively rare. CONCLUSION: The systematic implementation of preventive oral care and community-oriented health programmes are needed for the continuous promotion of oral health in China.     

Caries experience of 5-6-year-old and 12-13-year-old schoolchildren in central and western Nepal

OBJECTIVE: To describe and analyse the caries experience and caries prevalence in the deciduous dentition of 5-6-year-old schoolchildren and in the permanent dentition of 12-13-year-old schoolchildren in western and central Nepal. Design: Non-randomised cross-sectional surveys conducted by trained and calibrated examiners. SETTING: Surveys were conducted in private and government rural and urban schools at 10 sites along the Terai and the foothills in eight districts of western and central Nepal. SUBJECTS: A total of 2,177, 5-6-year-old and 3,323, 12-13-year-old schoolchildren from urban and rural areas were examined under WHO Pathfinder methodology. OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of caries and dental caries experience (dmft/DMFT). RESULTS: The caries prevalence and mean dmft score of 5-6-year-olds was 67% and 3.3 (urban 64% and 2.9; rural 78% and 4.0). The caries prevalence and mean DMFT score of 12-13-year-olds was 41% and 1.1 (urban 35% and 0.9; rural 54% and 1.5). The d/D-component constituted almost the entire dmft/DMFT index. CONCLUSION: The recorded prevalence of untreated dental caries in schoolchildren requires an appropriate oral health response based primarily on prevention and health promotion. Foremost in this regime would be the promotion and use of accessible and affordable fluoridated toothpaste.     

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??Objective??To explore the caries status of permanent teeth among 12-15-year-old population in Liaoning Province??and provide data support for the prevention and treatment of dental caries. Methods??A total of 3836 urban and rural residents aged 12??13??14 and 15 in Liaoning Province were selected by multi-stage stratified equal capacity random sampling. According to the criteria of clinical dentition examination of the Fourth National Epidemiological Survey of Oral Health??the crown caries of permanent teeth in the whole mouth were examined using CPI probe. And then the prevalence??the mean DMFT??decayed-missing-filled tooth????the filled rate??the site of caries and the pit and fissure sealing were calculated. The difference was compared. Results??The prevalance of crown caries in the groups aged 12??13??14 and 15 were 53.2%??49.7%??53.7% and 56.6%??respectively. There was no significant difference between the 12-year-old group and the 14-year-old group??and the differences among the other age groups were statistically significant??P??0.05??.The mean DMFT was 1.45??1.56??1.67 and 1.85??respectively??and it increased with age??P??0.05??. There were significant differences in the prevalence and the mean DMFT between urban and rural areas??P??0.05??and between male and female??P??0.05??. The prevalence and the mean DMFT of 12-year old group were higher than that in 2005. Conclusion??The prevalence of permanent teeth caries in12-15-year-old population in Liaoning Province is higher than the national average level??and it is higher than in rural areas than in urban areas??higher in females than in males. It is necessary to further strengthen oral prevention and health care measures for the relevant population.     

780名5岁儿童乳牙患龋情况调查分析

目的了解四川省5岁儿童乳牙患龋情况,为制定龋病防治规划提供参考依据。方法根据世界卫生组织《口腔健康调查基本方法》（第4版）,参照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案,在四川省3个城市、3个农村随机抽样选取调查点,共调查780名5岁儿童的患龋情况,并将调查结果与第二次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查结果进行比较。结果四川省5岁儿童乳牙患龋率为58.72%,龋均为2.77,龋齿充填率为2.32%;乳牙患龋率和龋均在男性和女性、城市和农村儿童之间的差异均不具有统计学意义,而乳牙龋齿充填率则存在性别和地区间的差异。与第二次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查结果相比,四川省5岁儿童乳牙患龋率和龋均的差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）,而龋齿充填率有所下降（P<0.05）。结论四川省5岁儿童乳牙龋齿患病率仍然较高,而龋齿充填率相对较低,今后儿童龋病防治工作应加强乳牙保健的口腔卫生宣传教育,提高家长对乳牙龋充填重要性的认识,促进乳牙的治疗。