调节全身因素预防糖尿病性视网膜病变

糖尿病性视网膜病变(diabetic etinopathy，DR)是成年人视力丧失的主要原因之一，它与许多全身因素有关，主要包括血糖、血压和血脂等。控制血糖和血压可防止和延缓糖尿病性视网膜病变的发生和发展。近期有报道：血管紧张素转换酶抑制因子不仅能降血压，还对延缓糖尿病性视网膜病变的发展有作用；脂代谢异常与黄斑渗出及视力丧失有关；抗凝剂阿司匹林既不是糖尿病的禁忌也与预防糖尿病性视网膜病变无关；吸烟对糖尿病性视网膜病变的作用是双向的，妊娠与糖尿病性视网膜病变有关，如果在怀孕前及怀孕期血糖控制良好，对糖尿病性视网膜病变不会有长期的影响。遗传学研究使我们更了解糖尿病性视网膜病变的发病机制，有可能确定哪些是糖尿病性视网膜病变的高危因素。     

血管生成素样蛋白4在糖尿病视网膜病变中作用的研究进展

血管生成素样蛋白4(angiopoietin-like protein 4,ANGPTL4)是近年来发现的一种新的分泌型糖蛋白,它与脂代谢、血管生成、肿瘤以及其他代谢性疾病等密切相关.有研究显示ANGPTL4在糖尿病性眼病的发展过程中起了重要的作用,而且有望成为治疗缺血性视网膜病变的重要靶向因子.本文就ANGPTL4的生物学特性及其在糖尿病视网膜病变中可能存在的作用与机制进行探讨,为糖尿病视网膜病变机制的研究提供新的思路.     

糖尿病患者白内障与老年性白内障超声乳化术前后房水蛋白浓度变化的比较

目的　通过检测老年性白内障与糖尿病患者白内障超声乳化白内障吸除并人工晶体植入手术前后房水蛋白浓度的变化 ,评估该手术对眼血 -房水屏障的影响。方法　对 60例 (64眼 )老年性白内障患者及 5 2例 (5 6眼 )伴发糖尿病的白内障患者 (3 4眼非增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变 ,2 2眼伴增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变 ) ,应用激光闪光细胞检测仪 (Laserflarecellmeter ,LFCM )定量检测超声乳化白内障吸除并人工晶体植入术前、术后前房蛋白浓度。结果　术前 ,伴增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变患者的前房蛋白浓度高于老年性白内障和非增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变白内障患者 ,且差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;而老年性白内障和非增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变白内障患者间的房水蛋白浓度无明显差别。各组术后 1天、 7天及 3 0天的房水蛋白浓度均较术前高 ,并有显著性差别 (P <0 0 5 )。术后 90天时 ,老年性白内障和非增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变白内障患者的房水蛋白浓度与术前无显著性差别 ;但伴增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变患者的仍高于术前水平 ,且差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　对于老年性白内障患者与非增殖型糖尿病性视网膜病变的白内障患者 ,超声乳化吸除并折叠式人工晶体植入手术后眼血 -房水屏障功能均可在短期内恢复 ,而对     

糖尿病性视网膜病变脂质代谢的研究进展

脂质代谢异常是糖尿病性视网膜病变可能的危险因素。糖尿病性视网膜病变被认为是致盲的主要原因。近年来研究认为总胆固醇、三酰甘油等血脂与糖尿病性视网膜病变及糖尿病黄斑水肿的进展有关,降脂药物的应用能够延缓糖尿病性视网膜病变进展。随着色谱分离和质谱分析等脂质组学分析方法的发展,除了常规的血清脂质标志物以外的各种脂质成分也被发现可能与糖尿病性视网膜病变进展有关。现总结脂质及其衍生物在糖尿病性视网膜病变发病机制中的作用,阐述糖尿病性视网膜病变脂质代谢治疗的潜在靶点和前景。     

2型糖尿病视网膜病变的不同时期晶状体上皮细胞TGF-β1表达

目的 研究转化生长因子-β1transforminggrowthfactor-β1,TGF-β1)在2型糖尿病性白内障患者晶状体上皮细胞(LECs)中的表达;探讨TGF-β1在2型糖尿病性白内障发生、发展过程中的作用.方法采用蛋白质免疫印迹(Westernblot)方法 检测75例伴糖尿病视网膜病变不同分期的2型糖尿病性白内障眼和20例无糖尿病的老年性白内障眼晶状体上皮细胞中TGF-β1蛋白水平,并进行统计分析.结果 糖尿病组TGF-β1的蛋白表达水平高于非糖尿病组平均水平(P=0.00);糖尿病各组间TGF-β1表达水平存在差异.结论 TGF-β1有促进2型糖尿病患者白内障发展的作用.     

后囊膜切开在糖尿病视网膜病变硅油取出联合白内障术中的应用

目的:探讨后囊膜切开在糖尿病视网膜病变硅油取出联合白内障术中的临床疗效。方法:收集我院2019-01/2020-02诊治的糖尿病视网膜病变硅油填充眼合并白内障患者83例83眼的临床资料进行回顾性分析。根据手术方式不同分为试验组(硅油取出同期行后囊膜切开联合白内障手术)41眼,对照组(硅油取出联合白内障手术)42眼。术后6mo对两组的最佳矫正视力、后发性白内障的发生、眼前黑影飘动等项目进行评估,以证实后囊膜切开在糖尿病视网膜病变硅油取出联合白内障手术中的优势。结果:术后6mo,最佳矫正视力试验组优于对照组(P<0.05);后发性白内障的发生、眼前黑影飘动试验组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组眼压、术后视网膜脱离、玻璃体积血、人工晶状体偏位比较均无差异(P>0.05)。结论:后囊膜切开在糖尿病视网膜病变硅油取出联合白内障手术中的应用安全可靠,可有效地避免后发性白内障的发生。     

增生性糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体中结缔组织生长因子的定量分析

目的 定量测定结缔组织生长因子(connective tissue growth factor,CTGF)在增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferative di-abetic retinopathy,PDR)患者玻璃体中的浓度,探讨其在PDR发病机制中的作用.方法 采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法定量检测27眼PDR、5眼非增生性糖尿病视网膜病变及5眼正常对照组玻璃体中CTGF的浓度.结果 PDR组玻璃体中CTGF浓度(567.09±181.15)ng·L-1明显大于对照组(128.06±57.28)ng·L-1及非增生性糖尿病视网膜病变组(150.70±52.39)ng·L-1(P均<0.01).PDR组中Ⅵ期患者玻璃体中CTGF浓度(706.17±88.78)ng·L-1大于Ⅳ期(349.20±110.60)ng·L-1及Ⅴ期(526.70±122.50)ng·L-1(P均<0.01).结论 PDR患者玻璃体中CTGF浓度升高可能与视网膜新生血管纤维膜的形成有关,CTGF在PDR发展过程中起着一定作用.     

老年糖尿病人白内障手术与糖尿病视网膜病变治疗

本文统计分析了糖尿病人老年性白内障手术１１７例的发病状况、术后效果以及有关因素。结果表明：糖尿病人白内障的手术占同期老年人白内障手术的１９．１％。术后视力≥０．５的百分比为：无糖尿病性视网膜病变组为９５％，背景性糖尿病视网膜病变组６４．４％，增殖性视网膜病变组为零。三组比较，差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．００５）。结果还显示：黄斑病变、玻璃体出血及增殖性视网膜病变为影响糖尿病人白内障术后视力的主要原因；术后糖尿病视网膜病变进展与血糖控制不佳有关。作者认为老年糖尿病人白内障应及早手术，以便及早施行视网膜光凝治疗；术后要定期随访。     

基质细胞衍生因子-1与糖尿病视网膜病变

基质细胞衍生因子-1(SDF-1)与其特异性受体CXCR4构成的SDF-1/CXCR4轴具有广泛的生物学活性。对糖尿病视网膜病变的新近研究发现,循环中的造血干细胞及血管内皮祖细胞(EPC)在血管新生中起重要作用。视网膜缺血缺氧可引起缺氧诱导因子-1的增加,继而引起SDF-1表达上调。SDF-1与血管内皮生长因子及黏附分子等关系密切,还可破坏血-视网膜屏障,促进EPC在缺血缺氧的视网膜上产生新生血管,在糖尿病视网膜病变的发病机制中扮演重要的角色。     

糖尿病患者白内障与视网膜病变的关系

目的　探讨糖尿病患者白内障浑浊程度与糖尿病性视网膜病变的程度有无相关性 ,以期对手术时机选择提供参考。方法　对 2 64例有轻度白内障的 2型糖尿病行荧光素眼底血管造影 (FFA)确定视网膜病变分期 ,作为A组。对 10 1例白内障囊外摘出后再行FFA检查 ,作为B组。对两组间糖尿病病史、年龄、晶状体浑浊和视网膜病变程度等进行比较。结果　两组间病史≤ 5年的患者视网膜病变程度差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,>5年的患者视网膜病变程度差异有非常显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　病史 >5年的 2型糖尿病患者晶状体浑浊程度与其眼底病变程度有相关性。白内障术后早期黄斑水肿发生率有所增加。这对手术时机选择和手术预后判断有一定意义。     

Association of PON2 and PON3 polymorphism with risk of developing cataract

PurposeParaoxonases (PON) are calcium bound enzymes offering protection against oxidative stress by working as endogenous free-radical scavenging molecules. Oxidative stress has been implicated in pathophysiology of many diseases including cataract. Lens opacity is an age related disorder which is a principal cause of blindness in Pakistani population. Relationship of PON2 and PON3 polymorphism with genetic predisposition for incidence of cataract has not been investigated till date. Objective of the current study was to explore possible association between PON2 and PON3 polymorphism with incidence of cataract in local population.MethodsOur study design comprised of fifty-one cataractous and fifty-nine healthy individuals. Identification of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at positions (C311S and G148A) for PON2 and C133A for PON3 was conducted using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).ResultsStatistical analysis revealed significant association of PON2 G148 allele with incidence of cataract. GG allele was found to be higher in cataract patients as compared to control (p < 0.001) suggesting distribution of PON2 G148A genotype and allele frequency is linked with cataractogenesis. There was no noticeable association between PON2 C311S and PON3 C133A. Significant difference was observed in distribution of 311CS/148A combined genotype with highest frequency in control individuals (88.89%), while 311S/148G combined genotypes showed the highest frequencies among the cataract patients (71.42%).ConclusionOur data suggests mutation at G148A might be related with incidence of cataract in studied population.     

Rat lens aldose reductase: rapid purification and comparison with human placental aldose reductase

Aldose reductase (alditol:NADP oxidoreductase EC .1.1.1.21), an enzyme in the sorbitol pathway which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, has been purified from rat lens (RLAR) by affinity chromatography with Amicon Matrex Gel Orange A and its properties have been compared to those of purified human placental aldose reductase (HPAR). The RLAR appears to be closely associated with alpha- and beta-crystallin and has a higher affinity for the dye Matrex column than HPAR. The purified enzyme, obtained upon elution from the column, appears as a closely-spaced doublet of approximately 38 K MW on SDS-PAGE which does not immunologically cross-react with antibodies raised against the single 38 K MW HPAR. Antibodies raised against RLAR however do cross-react with HPAR. Kinetic studies indicated both enzymes to have a greater apparent affinity for aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes than for aldose sugars. Compared to DL-glyceraldehyde, RLAR displayed an 80-fold greater affinity for p-nitrobenzaldehyde and a 1000-fold decreased affinity for D-glucose while HPAR displayed a 15-fold greater affinity for p-nitrobenzaldehyde and 600-fold less affinity for D-glucose. Both enzymes displayed only trace activity with 200 mM L-gulonic acid.     

候选基因多态性与糖尿病视网膜病变相关性的Meta分析

目的 候选基因多态性位点与2型糖尿病患者（type 2 diabetes mellitus，T2DM）的糖尿病视网膜病变（diabetes retinopathy，DR）相关性的Meta分析。设计 Meta分析。研究对象  T2DM的DR候选基因多态性的英文或中文文献。方法 在Pubmed（National Center for Biotechnology Information）、ISI（Web of Kowledge）、Embase和中国知网（China National Knowledge Internet，CNKI）4个数据库中，系统性检索、收集2019年1月1日以前以中文和英文发表的关于色素上皮源性因子（pigment epithelium derived factor，PEDF）、肿瘤坏死因子（tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α）和对氧磷酶-1（paraoxonase 1，PON1）三个基因的多态性位点与DR相关性的文献。采用Stata 12.0软件计算合并优势比（pooled odds ratio，pooled OR），分析组间异质性（Pheterogeneity）和发表偏倚（publication bias）。主要指标 OR值、组间异质性，发表偏倚。结果 共13篇研究纳入本Meta分析，包括2729例DR和3420例糖尿病对照。PEDF基因的 rs12948385位点（显性模型：OR=1.371，95%CI：1.072~1.755，P=0.012；等位基因模型：OR=1.266，95%CI：1.028~1.560，P=0.027）和PON1基因的L55M位点（隐性模型：OR=2.998，95%CI：1.282~7.010，P=0.011）与DR相关；TNF-α基因的rs1800629位点与PDR相关（等位基因模型：OR=1.291，95%CI：1.019~1.636，P=0.034）。结论  PEDF基因的 rs12948385位点、PON1基因的L55M位点可能与DR相关；TNF-α基因的rs1800629位点可能与PDR相关。     

Serum PON1 arylesterase activity in relation to hyperhomocysteinaemia and oxidative stress in young adult central retinal venous occlusion patients

AIM: To estimate the arylesterase activity of serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1-ARE), which is reported to have an antioxidant and antiatherogenic potential and to correlate with plasma homocysteine (Hcys) and plasma TBARS in young adult central retinal venous occlusion (CRVO) patients. METHODS: A case-control prospective study carried out in 10 CRVO patients (mean age 27+/-5 years; 7 males, 3 females) and 20 healthy controls (mean age 29+/-5 years; 15 males, 5 females). RESULTS: The CRVO patients showed a significantly lowered serum PON1-ARE activity (P=0.009) along with a significant increase in the levels of plasma Hcys (P=0.018) when compared to the control subjects. There was a negative correlation between serum PON1-ARE and plasma Hcys levels (P=0.058) as well as between PON1-ARE and plasma TBARS levels (P=0.001) in the CRVO patients. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of lowered serum PON1-ARE level as a risk factor for CRVO (OR= 1.108, CI=0.914, 1.314; P=0.296), which is found to correlate with oxidative stress.     

Serum paraoxonase activity is decreased in the active stage of Behçet's disease

AIMS: To evaluate paraoxonase1 (PON1) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, one of the end products of lipid peroxidation induced by reactive oxygen species in patients with Beh?et's disease (BD) in the active stage. METHODS: Serum MDA levels and PON1 levels were measured spectrophotometrically in 16 patients with BD in the active stage of the disease and in 15 healthy subjects who constituted the control group. RESULTS: In the BD group, median (range) serum PON1 and MDA levels were 149.64 U/l (88.02-281.68) and 1.21 nmol/ml (0.90-3.42), respectively. In the control group, median (range) serum PON1 and MDA levels were 206.86 U/l (114.43-422.52) and 0.72 nmol/ml (0.50-1.12), respectively. There was a statistically significant decrease in serum PON1 levels (p = 0.02) and an increase in serum MDA levels (p<0.001) in patients with BD in the active stage when compared to controls. CONCLUSION: Endothelial damage and increased polymorph nuclear leucocyte activity in the active stage of BD could result in a pro-oxidation environment which, in turn, results in decreased antioxidant PON activity and increased lipid peroxidation as evidenced by increased MDA levels.     

Serum paraoxonase 1 activity and lipid peroxidation levels in patients with age-related macular degeneration

Our objective was to investigate antioxidant paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity together with malondialdehyde (MDA) levels to evaluate oxidative stress in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), an important cause of blindness in the elderly population. Serum PON1 activity and MDA levels were analyzed in 37 patients with AMD and compared with 29 healthy controls using a spectrophotometric method. Serum MDA levels were significantly higher in the patient group (2.76 +/- 1.28 nmol/ml) than controls (1.00 +/- 0.36 nmol/ml; p < 0.001), whereas PON1 activity was lower in the patient group (132.27 +/- 63.39 U/l) than controls (312.13 +/- 136.23 U/l; p < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between MDA and PON1 levels (r = -0.470, p < 0.001). We conclude that the observed increase in MDA levels may be related to decreased PON1 activity; the present data also demonstrated that an obvious negative correlation between PON1 activity and MDA levels exists in patients with AMD. PON1 is also an antioxidant agent, therefore effective antioxidant therapy to inhibit lipid peroxidation is necessary and agents to increase PON1 activity may be a therapeutic option in AMD.     

芪灯明目胶囊对自发性糖尿病大鼠玻璃体血管内皮生长因子的影响

目的观察芪灯明目胶囊对自发性糖尿病GK大鼠玻璃体血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的影响,探讨其治疗糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的机制。方法应用随机数字表法将78只28周龄的SPF级雄性GK大鼠随机分为6组：芪灯明目胶囊低、中、高剂量组（芪灯明目胶囊混悬液150、300、600 mg/kg）,递法明组（递法明混悬液50 mg/kg）和导升明组（200 mg/kg）,阴性对照组（与芪灯明目胶囊中剂量组等容的蒸馏水）各13只;10只Wistar大鼠设为正常对照组。连续灌胃3个月后处死大鼠。观察大鼠的一般状态变化（包括体重、血糖等）,酶联免疫法观察芪灯明目胶囊对GK大鼠玻璃体VEGF的影响。结果灌胃3个月后治疗组大鼠体毛较洁净且有光泽,饮水量减少,活泼好动。6组大鼠玻璃体中VEGF质量浓度的总体比较差异有统计学意义（F=5.670,P=0.001）。低、中、高剂量芪灯明目胶囊组GK大鼠玻璃体内VEGF质量浓度明显低于阴性对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论芪灯明目胶囊有改善GK大鼠生存状态的作用,其可以降低GK大鼠玻璃体VEGF的水平,抑制新生血管的形成,从而对糖尿病视网膜组织有一定的保护作用。     

The pathogenesis of vitreoretinal diseases from the standpoint of molecular biology

It is important to study the pathogenesis in vitreoretinal diseases to develop new medical therapy. We investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the genesis of idiopathic macular hole, exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and diabetic retinopathy. We observed high levels of chymase and tryptase activity in the vitreous humor of patients with idiopathic macular hole. This activity was significantly higher than in other vitreoretinal diseases. Immunohistochemical study using monkey eyes showed the possibility that Müller cells in foveal lesions have properties similar to retinal stem cells. Intravitreal injection of chymase induced apoptosis of foveal retinal cells and fibrous change of vitreoretinal interface in the macular area. Biochemical study using cultured human Müller cells revealed that chymase caused the inhibition of growth and the induction of apoptosis in dedifferentiated Müller cells treated with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). These findings show that increased production of chymase and tryptase in mast cells could be related to the pathogenesis of idiopathic macular hole. Oxidative stress and arterosclerosis may be the major causes of exudative AMD. Paraoxonase (PON) is a polymorphic protein known to prevent oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). We analyzed PON genotypes and found that two types of polymorphism were significantly different between patients with AMD and control subjects. We also investigated serum oxidized low-density lipoprotein(oxLDL) levels, PON activity, and extracellular superoxide dismutase(EC-SOD) levels. All these factors were significantly higher in patients with AMD than in controls. Titers of IgA and IgG antibodies against chlamydia pneumoniae in the serum of AMD patients were also significantly higher than in controls. These results indicate that genetic factors related to PON polymorphisms, vascular damage caused by increment of serum oxLDL and malfunction of EC-SOD, and chronic inflammation provoked by clamydia pneumoniae infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of AMD. Excess accumulation of advanced glycation end products(AGEs) has a causative role in the development of diabetic complications. We determined the concentrations of three AGEs (pentosidine, carboxy-methyllysine, and crossline) and two cytokines (VEGF, IL-6) using ELISA. The levels of the three AGEs and two cytokines in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR) were significantly higher than in controls. The concentrations of VEGF and IL-6 were strongly correlated with the level of these AGEs. Cultured human Müller cells expressed both VEGF and IL-6 mRNA and these expressions were augmented after the treatment of AGEs, while also acting as photosensitizers and accelerating the degradation of hyaluronic acid in vitro. AGEs may consequently play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy by inducing the production of VEGF and IL-6 in retinal Müller cells and the acceleration of vitreous liquefaction.     

Preoccipital cortex receives a differential input from the frontal eye field and projects to the pretectal olivary nucleus and other visuomotor-related structures in the rhesus monkey

The bidirectional axonal transport capabilities of the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) technique facilitated the study of the frontal-eye-field (FEF) input and pretectal output of two regions of extrastriate preoccipital cortex (POC). Following horseradish peroxidase (HRP) gel implants into the middle and dorsal POC in two rhesus monkeys, the middle POC implant demonstrated retrograde frontal cortical labeling largely restricted to the inferior frontal eye field (iFEF) and adjacent inferior prefrontal convexity, whereas the dorsal POC implant showed labeling in the caudal ventral bank of the superior ramus of the arcuate sulcus (sas) and middle-to-dorsal region of the rostral bank of the concavity of the arcuate sulcus (dorsal FEF). Prominent anterogradely labeled efferent preoccipital projections were observed to the ipsilateral pretectal olivary nucleus (PON) and to a lesser extent the anterior pretectal nucleus. Although the middle POC case had heavier projections to the lateral PON, the dorsal case projected more heavily to the medial PON. In addition, both implants demonstrated subcortical connections with the lateral and dorsal inferior pulvinar nuclei, central superior lateral thalamic intralaminar nucleus, caudate nucleus, and middle-to-ventral claustrum. However, while the middle POC implant had efferent projections to the superficial superior colliculus (SC), pregeniculate nucleus (PGN), lateral terminal accessory optic nucleus (LTN), and dorsolateral pontine nucleus (DLPN), resembling those previously reported for the middle temporal (MT) visual area (Maunsell & Van Essen, 1982; Ungerleider et al., 1984), the dorsal implant had projections to the lateral intermediate SC, zona incerta (ZI), PGN, a notably lesser projection to the LTN, and basilar pontine projections to the lateral and lateral dorsal pontine subnuclei (not including the extreme dorsolateral DLPN). These preliminary results suggest that the preoccipital cortex, which reportedly functions in pupillary constriction, accommodation, and convergence, entertains connections with the PON and other visuomotor-related structures, and thus could act as an intermediary in the pathway between the iFEF and PON, and provide a possible explanation for pupillary effects that occur with stimulation of the FEF (Jampel, 1960) and within the contex of other oculomotor activities. The findings shed light on certain differences in connections of middle vs. dorsal POC with visuomotor-related nuclei, and appear to suggest that the middle region, which receives input from the iFEF, has greater access to the optokinetic (OKN) system by virtue of its projection to the LTN, and to the smooth-pursuit system b     

Paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphisms influence clinical features of open-angle glaucoma

Background The purpose of this study was to determine whether genetic polymorphisms affecting high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated antioxidant enzymes were associated with open-angle glaucoma (OAG). The rationale for this study was that the modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by HDL prevents oxidative modification which can then cause dysfunction of endothelial cells.Methods We studied 284 normal Japanese controls and 555 Japanese patients with OAG, including primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). The possible associations of polymorphisms of PON1/L55M, PON1/Q192R, PON2/S311C, and PAF-AH/V279F with OAG were investigated. We compared the genotype distributions and allele frequency in controls and patient groups. The age at diagnosis, intraocular pressure (IOP) at diagnosis, and visual field score at diagnosis were examined for association with polymorphisms.Results The distributions of genotypes and allele frequency for the four polymorphisms were not significantly different between any patient group and controls. In NTG patients, 55M carriers of the PON1 gene were significantly older at diagnosis than 55M non-carriers (P=0.001). The IOP at diagnosis was significantly higher in glaucoma patients carrying 192R in the PON1 gene than in patients not carrying 192R (P=0.006). No significant differences were seen in clinical characteristics of OAG patients in relation to other polymorphisms.Conclusion PON1 gene polymorphisms may influence the features of Japanese patients with OAG.