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老视是一种随着年龄增长而调节力逐渐下降的自然现象。 目前老视的机制尚未完全阐明,因此多种手术方法用于改善老视眼的调节。其中准分子激光手术成为矫正老视一种重要方法,而且其安全性及有效性不断进步。本文就老视的发生机制、治疗方法以及准分子激光矫正老视的手术方式和切削模式进行综述。 相似文献
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尽管老视矫正方法日趋繁多,但手术矫正老视仍是屈光领域一个重大难题.近年来激光手术矫正老视逐渐得到重视.主要包括作用于角膜的激光老视手术如准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术、飞秒激光角膜基质内老视矫正术、激光角膜热成形术、角膜层间镜片植入术,以及作用于晶状体的飞秒激光晶状体老视矫正手术等.本文对激光矫正老视的临床应用和最新研究进展进行综述. 相似文献
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Monovision(MV)矫正是一种成熟的矫正老视的方法,近10 a来,老视矫正手术逐渐开展,一些准分子激光角膜屈光手术(PRK、LASIK等)、激光角膜热成形术和传导式角膜成形术、人工晶状体植入术也采用MV矫正方法治疗老视,取得很好的效果,本文就MV矫正在这些老视矫正手术中的应用进行综述. 相似文献
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老视是随着年龄增长、调节能力丧失出现视近物困难的一种生理现象,发病机制尚不明确。人口老龄化使老视人口及老视矫正的需求逐渐增多,老视的手术矫正方法正成为眼科医师关注的热点。随着技术和材料的不断发展,出现了多样化的老视矫正手术,包括经角膜老视矫正手术、晶状体老视矫正手术和巩膜老视矫正手术。尽管还没有一种完美的老视矫正手术能真正恢复眼的调节功能,现有的手术已取得一些临床效果。现对老视的角膜手术矫正方法做一综述。 相似文献
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准分子激光手术是一种简单、安全、有效的矫正老视的方法,并有可能提供个体化的切削以提高老视患者的视觉质量.本文就老视的机制及治疗、准分子激光手术矫正老视的理论进展、手术方式、切削模式及效果评价进行综述. 相似文献
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目的老视矫正方法的日趋多样化。配戴框架凸透镜是矫正老视最常见的方式,包括传统的单光(单焦)眼镜及近年出现的双光(双焦)、渐变多焦眼镜及衍射镜片。屈光手术矫正老视可分为角膜屈光性手术、眼内晶状体摘除联合可调节型人工晶状体(IOL)植入手术和巩膜屈光性手术。角膜屈光性手术包括激光角膜手术、角膜层闻植入物手术及传导性角膜成形术。鼎状体摘除联合可调节IOL植入术的IOL可分为单焦和多焦调节型两种,有引起眩光或光晕等视觉症状的情况,疗效需进一步观察。巩膜手术视觉完整性并不理想,且可能出现严重并发症,仍需临床观察。同时monovision(MV)被越来越多的引入到老视矫正手术中并且取得了较好效果。老视矫正方法的多样化为不同的需求者提供更多的选择。 相似文献
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老视是与眼睛调节能力下降密切相关的生理现象。不论年轻时屈光状态如何,老视都是人一生中必须经历的阶段。随着老龄化人口数量的增多,老视问题得到越来越多眼科工作者的关注,各种治疗老视的方法与技术也应运而生。现就晶状体手术用于矫正老视进行综述。 相似文献
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老视是一种自然性老化现象,其发生机制目前虽有所了解,但尚不完全清楚.文中就目前国内外对老视的发生机制及治疗方法包括非手术、手术的有关研究现状进行了综述,并认为惟有完全明确调节和老视的机制,才有可能产生新的逆转老视的有效方法. 相似文献
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老视矫正手术方法的现状和发展趋势 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
老视是因年龄相关性调节幅度的下降使得近阅读渐渐困难的一种生理老化现象。现阶段老视矫正的主流方式是配戴单焦框架眼镜、双焦框架眼镜和渐变多焦点眼镜。目前所有针对老视的手术方法都未能带来持久的真正生理意义上的调节改善,本文就目前各种老视矫正手术方法(包括单眼视方法的、施于角膜的、施于巩膜的与施于晶状体的)的现状与发展趋势做一综述。 相似文献
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Monovision: a review 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bruce J. W. Evans 《Ophthalmic & physiological optics》2007,27(5):417-439
In presbyopia, patients can no longer obtain clear vision at distance and near. Monovision is a method of correcting presbyopia where one eye is focussed for distance vision and the other for near. Monovision is a fairly common method of correcting presbyopia with contact lenses and has received renewed interest with the increase in refractive surgery. The present paper is a review of the literature on monovision. The success rate of monovision in adapted contact lens wearers is 59-67%. The main limitations are problems with suppressing the blurred image when driving at night and the need for a third focal length, for example with computer screens at intermediate distances. Stereopsis is impaired in monovision, but most patients do not seem to notice this. These limitations highlight the need to take account of occupational factors. Monovision could cause a binocular vision anomaly to decompensate, so the pre-fitting screening should include an assessment of orthoptic function. Various methods have been used to determine which eye should be given the distance vision contact lens and the literature on tests of ocular dominance is reviewed. It is concluded that tests of blur suppression are most likely to be relevant, but that ocular dominance is not fixed but is rather a fluid, adaptive, phenomenon in most patients. Suitable patients can often be given trial lenses that allow them to experiment with monovision in real world situations and this can be a useful way of revealing the preferred eye for each distance. Of course, no patient should drive or operate machinery until successfully adapted to monovision. Surgically induced monovision is less easily reversed than contact lens-induced monovision, and is only appropriate after a successful trial of monovision with contact lenses. 相似文献
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老视是影响40岁以上中老年人视功能和生活质量的主要原因。目前,对于老视的发生机理众说纷纭,尚未形成统一的理论,传统的配镜治疗有一定局限性,新近的手术治疗的疗效和安全性也有待进一步观察。越来越多的学者试图通过实验研究解决以上问题,然而,目前并没有非常理想和标准的老视动物模型和检测方法。笔者就老视动物模型及其检测方法等方面的国内外新进展作一综述。 相似文献
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The mechanism of presbyopia 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Accommodation in humans refers to the ability of the lens to change shape in order to bring near objects into focus. Accommodative loss begins during childhood, with symptomatic presbyopia, or presbyopia that affects one's day to day activities, striking during midlife. While symptomatic presbyopia has traditionally been treated with reading glasses or contact lenses, a number of surgical interventions and devices are being actively developed in an attempt to restore at least some level of accommodation. This is occurring at a time when the underlying cause of presbyopia remains unknown, and even the mechanism of accommodation is occasionally debated. While Helmholtz' theory regarding the mechanism of accommodation is generally accepted with regard to broad issues, additional details continue to emerge. Age-related changes in anterior segment structures associated with accommodation have been documented, often through in vitro and/or rhesus monkey studies. A review of these findings suggests that presbyopia develops very differently in humans compared to non-human primates. Focusing on non-invasive in vivo human imaging technologies, including Scheimpflug photography and high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the data suggest that the human uveal tract acts as a unit in response to age-related increasing lens thickness and strongly implicates lifelong lens growth as the causal factor in the development of presbyopia. 相似文献
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渐变镜、多焦点型和可调节型人工晶状体(IOL)植入是矫治老视的主要方法,但戴镜会影响生活质量,IOL植入存在内眼手术的风险等问题;广泛用于矫治屈光不正的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(LASIK)目前缺少精准的老视激光切削模式。新近出现的角膜嵌入环(Corneal Inlay)KAMRA与LASIK联合矫治老视,具有安全有效、可重复定位、可逆等优点。现对KAMRA的临床有效性和安全性的相关研究进展进行综述,以期临床医生对其有更深入的了解,有助于选择合适的矫治方案,提高手术安全性和患者生活质量。 相似文献
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刘莛 《中华实验眼科杂志》2017,(6):567-571
老视是一种年龄相关的生理性老化现象.老视手术治疗已逐渐成为屈光手术最终需要面对的挑战.目前,其手术矫治包括眼外(施于角膜或巩膜)和眼内(晶状体置换或施于晶状体本身)两大策略,如角膜准分子激光手术、热传导成形术、飞秒激光基质内环形切开术、角膜植入物手术、各种多焦人工晶状体植入术、可调节人工晶状体植入术、晶状体软化术、巩膜扩张术等.各种手术方法均存在自身的优势和不足.本文就目前现有和近期即将问世的老视治疗方法及其被关注的问题作一综述. 相似文献