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1.
Chunsong Kang 《Archives of Medical Science》2015,11(6):1236-1243
Introduction
The aim of the study was to investigate the structure and function of the carotid artery in patients with hyperthyroidism by ultrasound radio frequency data technology (RF data) and the effect of 131I on them.Material and methods
Seventy patients with primary hyperthyroidism and 74 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Structural and functional parameters of the common carotid artery were measured in every patient before and after 131I treatment through the RF data, such as intima media thickness (IMT), functional compliance coefficient (CC), stiffness index (β), and pulse wave velocity (PWV). We also analyzed the correlation between these parameters and patients’ age, body mass index, hemodynamic parameters (blood pressure, heart rate), thyroid hormone levels and other risk factors.Results
There was a significant difference in IMT between hyperthyroid patients and the control group at baseline (483.6 vs. 443.3 µm, p < 0.01); after treatment, the IMT decreased significantly (428.7 vs. 483.6 µm, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the IMT was correlated with patients’ age and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.525, p < 0.01 and r = 0.289, p < 0.05, respectively). The β and PWV were also higher than the control group (7.26 vs.5.87, 6.27 vs. 5.57 m/s, respectively; all p < 0.001); CC was lower than the control group (0.98 vs. 1.19 mm2/KPa, p < 0.01); after treatment, PWV and β were lower than baseline (5.66 vs. 6.27, 5.81 vs. 7.26 m/s, respectively; all p < 0.01), and CC was higher than baseline. In addition, they were significantly correlated with age (r = 0.525, p < 0.01 and r = 0.289, p < 0.05, respectively). However, these parameters were not correlated with the level of thyroid hormones.Conclusions
Six-month 131I treatment for patients with hyperthyroidism reverses the structural and functional damage in the carotid artery, which is sensitively evaluated by the RF data technique. 相似文献2.
H?z?r Ulvi Recep Demir Recep Aygül Dilcan Kotan Muhammet ?alik Mehmet Dumlu Aydin 《Archives of Medical Science》2013,9(6):1125-1131
Introduction
Phrenic nerves have important roles on the management of respiration rhythm. Diaphragm paralysis is possible in phrenic nerve roots ischemia in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We examined whether there is a relationship between phrenic nerve root ischemia and respiratory disturbances in SAH.Material and methods
This study was conducted on 5 healthy control and 14 rabbits with experimentally induced SAH by injecting autologous blood into their cisterna magna. Animals were followed up via monitors for detecting the heart and respiration rhythms for 20 days and then decapitaed by humanely. Normal and degenerated neuron densities of phrenic nerve root at the level of C4 dorsal root ganglia (C4DRG) were estimated by Stereological methods. Between the mean numerical density of degenerated neurons of C4DRG and respiratory rate/minute of groups were compared statistically.Results
Phrenic nerve roots, artery and diaphragm muscles degeneration was detected in respiratory arrest developed animals. The mean neuronal density of C4DRG was 13272 ±1201/mm3 with a mean respiration rate of 23 ±4/min in the control group. The mean degenerated neuron density was 2.240 ±450/mm3 and respiration rhythm was 31 ±6/min in survivors. But, the mean degenerated neuron density was 5850 ±650/mm3 and mean respiration rhythm was 34 ±7/min in respiratory arrest developed animals (n = 7). A linear relationship was noticed between the degenerated neuron density of C4DRG and respiraton rate (r = –0.758; p < 0.001).Conclusions
Phrenic nerve root ischemia may be an important factor in respiration rhythms deteriorations in SAH which has not been mentioned in the literature. 相似文献3.
Mendane Saka Perim Türker Aydan Ercan Gül K?z?ltan Murat Ba? 《African health sciences》2014,14(3):570-575
Background
Neck circumference (NC) measurement is one of the simple screening measurements which can be used as an index of upper body fat distribution to identify obesity.Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between neck circumferences and obesity.Methods
A total 411 volunteer adults participated in this study (174 men, 237 women). A questionnaire which consisted of anthropometric measurements and demographic features was used. Patients with NC ≥37 cm for men and ≥34 cm for women require evaluation of overweight status.Results
The percentages of the men and women with BMI ≥ 25kg/m2 were 55.2% and 27.0% respectively and with high neck circumferences were 85.1% and 38.8%, respectively. The percentages of the men and women with high waist circumference were 31.6% and 79.3%, respectively. In both gender there were positive significant correlations between neck circumference, body weight (men, r=0.576; women, r=0.702; p=0.000), waist circumferences (men, r=0.593; women r=0.667; p=0.000), hip circumferences (men, r=0.568; women, r=0.617; p=0.000) and BMI (men, r=0.587; women, r=0.688; p=0.000).Conclusions
This study indicates that NC was associated with body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences and waist/hip ratio for men and women. A significant association was found between NC and conventional overweight and obesity indexes. NC was associated with waist/hip ratio for men and women. 相似文献4.
Hassan M. Salama Soha A. El-Dayem Hala Yousef Ashraf Fawzy Laila Abou-Ismail Dalia El-lebedy 《Archives of Medical Science》2010,6(3):407-413
Introduction
Prolonged treatment with levothyroxine 4 (L-T4) is a well known risk factor for osteoporosis. Patients on L-T4 replacement occasionally have a subnormal TSH, which carries a risk of development of bone loss. Thyroid hormones directly affect bone cells, stimulating osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity with a predominance of bone resorption and decrease of bone mineral density (BMD).Material and methods
The study included 35 hypothyroid patients with mean age 11.57 ±5.06, while 26 age- and sex-matched children served as controls. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was done to detect the bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and Z score in lumbar and femur neck regions. Body composition was also studied by DXA. Calcium, phosphorus, osteocalcin as a bone formation marker, osteoprotegerin as an indicator of osteoclast activity and urinary deoxypyridinoline as a bone collagen breakdown marker were assessed.Results
No significant differences were detected in lumbar Z score (−0.12 ±0.66) and femur Z score (−0.17 ±0.58) compared to controls (−0.33 ±0.74 and −0.21 ±0.53 respectively). Bone mineral density and BMC were not significantly different from controls. No significant difference was detected between cases and controls in body composition. A positive correlation was detected between BMD and age (r=0.857, p<0.01), and with the period of treatment (r=0.766, p<0.01). A positive correlation was found between BMD and total body fat (r=0.693, p<0.01), and with abdominal fat (r=0.667, p<0.01).Conclusions
Levothyroxine 4 treatment in hypothyroid children does not alter bone metabolism and body composition. 相似文献5.
Shan Jiang Zhi Wang Han Ouyang Zhichun Liu Lingyun Li Yongbing Shi 《Archives of Medical Science》2016,12(1):101-106
Introduction
Connective tissues diseases (CTDs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders that share certain clinical characteristics and disturbed immunoregulation. Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), also known as diffuse parenchymal lung diseases, are among the most serious pulmonary complications associated with CTDs. Interleukin 9 (IL-9), IL-4 and interferon γ (IFN-γ) – cytokines with important roles in autoimmune disease – were studied in CTD patients and CTD-ILD patients.Material and methods
Sixty-one hospitalized untreated CTD patients were recruited, and 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled as controls. The 61 CTD patients were divided into a simple CTD group and a CTD-ILD group, and the plasma protein IL-9, IL-4 and IFN-γ levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results
The results indicate that the serum IL-9 levels were significantly higher in CTD-ILD and simple CTD patients than they were in healthy controls (each p < 0.05) and that the levels were elevated in CTD-ILD patients compared with simple CTD patients (p < 0.05). The IL-4 levels were higher in CTD-ILD patients than they were in the simple CTD patients (p < 0.05) and healthy controls (p < 0.01). In addition, the serum IL-9 levels were negatively correlated with the level of IFN-γ (r2 = 0.34, p = 0.01), the estimated percentage of predicted forced vital capacity (FVC%) (r2 = 0.36, p = 0.00) and the estimated percentage of predicted diffusing capacity (DLCO%) (r2 = 0.27, p = 0.04) and were positively correlated with the IL-4 level (r2 = 0.31, p = 0.01).Conclusions
Interleukin-9 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of CTD and may contribute to the progression of interstitial lung injury in CTD patients. 相似文献6.
Micha? Szpinda Marcin Daroszewski Anna Szpinda Alina Wo?niak Celestyna Mila-Kierzenkowska Piotr Flisiński Marcin Wi?niewski 《Archives of Medical Science》2013,9(5):922-929
Introduction
Tracheal wall thickness is a substantial indicator in various pathological changes. The present study was performed to compile normative data and formulae for the tracheal wall thickness and volume at varying gestational age.Material and methods
Using anatomical dissection, digital image analysis and statistics a range of the wall thickness, proximal internal-to-external cross-sectional area ratio, and wall volume for the trachea in 73 spontaneously aborted human fetuses aged 14-25 weeks was examined.Results
No significant male-female differences were found. The values of tracheal wall thickness ranged from 0.36 ±0.01 mm for the 14-week group to 1.23 ±0.17 mm for the 25-week group of gestation, according to the linear function y = –0.823 + 0.083 × age ± 0.087. The tracheal lumen rate, expressed as the proximal internal-to-external cross-sectional area ratio, decreased from 42.61 ±1.11% to 26.78 ±4.95%, according to the function y = 62.239 – 1.487 × age ±3.119. The tracheal wall volume rose from 16.28 ±4.18 mm3 in fetuses aged 14 weeks to 269.22 ±29.26 mm3 in fetuses aged 25 weeks, according to the quintic function y = 0.000052 × age4.894.Conclusions
The tracheal wall parameters show no sexual dimorphism. The tracheal wall grows linearly in its length, and according to a quintic function in its volume. A relative decrease in the tracheal lumen at the expense of an increase in both the wall thickness and wall volume of the trachea is found during gestation. 相似文献7.
Yohei Shimokochi Sae Yong Lee Sandra J Shultz Randy J Schmitz 《Journal of Athletic Training》2009,44(1):33-38
Context:
Excessive quadriceps contraction with insufficient hamstrings muscle cocontraction has been shown to be a possible contributing factor for noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Assessing the relationships among lower extremity internal moments may provide some insight into avoiding muscle contraction patterns that increase ACL injury risk.Objective:
To examine the relationships of knee-extensor moment with ankle plantar-flexor and hip-extensor moments and to examine the relationship between knee moment and center of pressure as a measure of neuromuscular response to center-of-mass position.Design:
Cross-sectional study.Setting:
Applied Neuromechanics Research Laboratory.Patients or Other Participants:
Eighteen healthy, recreationally active women (age = 22.3 ± 2.8 years, height = 162.5 ± 8.1 cm, mass = 57.8 ± 9.3 kg).Intervention(s):
Participants performed a single-leg landing from a 45-cm box onto a force plate. Kinetic and kinematic data were collected.Main Outcome Measure(s):
Pearson product moment correlation coefficients were calculated among the net peak knee-extensor moment (KEMpk), sagittal-plane ankle (AM) and hip (HM) net internal moments, and anterior-posterior center of pressure relative to foot center of mass at KEMpk (COP).Results:
Lower KEMpk related to both greater AM (r = −0.942, P < .001) and HM (r = −0.657, P = .003). We also found that more anterior displacement of COP was related to greater AM (r = −0.750, P < .001) and lower KEMpk (r = 0.618, P = .006).Conclusions:
Our results suggest that participants who lean the whole body forward during landing may produce more plantar-flexor moment and less knee-extensor moment, possibly increasing hip-extensor moment and decreasing knee-extensor moment production. These results suggest that leaning forward may be a technique to decrease quadriceps contraction demand while increasing hamstrings cocontraction demand during a single-leg landing. 相似文献8.
Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz Piotr Koce?ak Marcin Nylec Jerzy Chudek Barbara Zahorska-Markiewicz 《Archives of Medical Science》2012,8(2):214-218
Introduction
Visfatin is an adipokine secreted by visceral adipose tissue with insulin-mimetic properties. Higher circulating visfatin levels were reported in type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to analyse circulating visfatin and insulin levels and the visfatin/insulin ratio in obese women with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS).Material and methods
The study involved 92 obese women. Subjects were diagnosed with MetS according to IDF 2005 criteria. The MetS group consisted of 71 subjects (age: 52.8 ±9.4 years, body mass index [BMI]: 39.1 ±5.6 kg/m2, waist circumference: 109.6 ±11.4 cm and fat mass: 52.0 ±12.8 kg) while the non-MetS group consisted of 21 subjects (age: 51.7 ±9.5 years, BMI: 36.3 ±5.2 kg/m2, waist circumference: 104.7 ±11.0 cm and fat mass: 45.2 ±10.7 kg). In addition to anthropometric measurements and assessment of serum glucose and lipids, plasma concentrations of visfatin were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and of insulin by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and visfatin/insulin ratio were calculated.Results
In the MetS group significantly higher (p < 0.01) plasma concentrations of insulin and HOMA-IR values but similar visfatin levels were observed than in the non-MetS group. As a consequence of the significantly higher plasma insulin concentration the visfatin/insulin ratio was significantly lower in the MetS group (p < 0.05). The visfatin/insulin ratio correlated inversely with anthropometric parameters such as body mass, BMI, body fat and waist circumference (r = –0.41, p = 0.0003; r = –0.42, p = 0.0002; r = –0.29, p = 0.01; r = –0.23, p = 0.04, respectively).Conclusions
We conclude that the visfatin/insulin ratio declining with increasing visceral obesity may predispose to the development of insulin resistance. 相似文献9.
Introduction
The aim of this retrospective case control study was to identify predictors of ovarian response and pregnancy outcomes in intrauterine insemination (IUI).Material and methods
One hundred women undergoing IUI cycles with clomiphene citrate were enrolled. The number of antral follicles and the total ovarian volume by ultrasound, and the basal levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, and inhibin B on cycle day 3 were measured in groups that were divided according to ovarian response. The tests were also evaluated according to ovarian response and pregnancy outcomes. All analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 15.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA).Results
The antral follicle count (AFC) was the best single predictor for ovarian response and pregnancy outcomes. The sensitivity and specificity for prediction of ovarian response were 81% and 78% for AFC at an optimum cutoff value of ≤ 13.1. Age was negatively correlated with ovarian volume (r = –0.280, p = 0.021) and AFC (r = –0.358, p = 0.003). Increasing FSH was associated with a reduction in AFC (r = –0.273, p = 0.025). The AFC was significantly correlated with ovarian volume (r = 0.660, p < 0.0001) and FSH (r = –0.273, p = 0.03).Conclusions
Our data demonstrate that the AFC provides better prognostic information on the occurrence of ovarian response during clomiphene citrate stimulation for IUI. 相似文献10.
Micha? Szpinda Mariusz Baumgart Anna Szpinda Alina Wo?niak Celestyna Mila-Kierzenkowska 《Archives of Medical Science》2015,11(1):174-189
Introduction
Knowledge on the normative spinal growth is relevant in the prenatal detection of its abnormalities. The present study determines the height, transverse and sagittal diameters, cross sectional area, and volume of individual C1–S5 vertebral bodies.Material and methods
Using the methods of computed tomography (CT), digital image analysis, and statistics, the size of C1–S5 vertebral bodies in 55 spontaneously aborted human fetuses aged 17–30 weeks was examined.Results
All the 5 examined parameters changed significantly with gestational age (p < 0.01). The mean height of vertebral bodies revealed an increase from the atlas (2.39 ±0.54 mm) to L2 (4.62 ±0.97 mm), stabilized through L3–L4 (4.58 ±0.92 mm, 4.61 ±0.84 mm), and then was decreasing to S5 (0.43 ±1.06 mm). The mean transverse diameter of vertebral bodies was increasing from the atlas (1.20 ±1.96 mm) to L1 (6.24 ±1.46 mm), so as to stabilize through L2–L3 (6.12 ±1.65, 6.12 ±1.61 mm), and finally was decreasing to S5 (0.26 ±0.96 mm). There was an increase in sagittal diameter of vertebral bodies from the atlas (0.82 ±1.34 mm) to T7 (4.76 ±0.85 mm), its stabilization for T8–L4 (4.73 ±0.86 mm, 4.71 ±1.02 mm), and then a decrease in values to S5 (0.21 ±0.75 mm) was observed. The values for cross-sectional area of vertebral bodies were increasing from the atlas (2.95 ±5.25 mm2) to L3 (24.92 ±11.07 mm2), and then started decreasing to S5 (0.48 ±2.09 mm2). The volumetric growth of vertebral bodies was increasing from the atlas (8.60 ±16.40 mm3) to L3 (122.16 ±74.73 mm3), and then was decreasing to S5 (1.60 ±7.00 mm3).Conclusions
There is a sharp increase in size of fetal vertebral bodies between the atlas and the axis, and a sharp decrease in size within the sacral spine. In human fetuses the vertebral body growth is characterized by maximum values in sagittal diameter for T7, in transverse diameter for L1, in height for L2, and in both cross-sectional area and volume for L3. 相似文献11.
Daniela M.C. Anjos Luciana P.O. Gomes Luciana M.M. Sampaio Jo?o C.F. Correa Claudia S. Oliveira 《Archives of Medical Science》2010,6(1):43-48
Introduction
Patients with diabetes for more than 10 years may have an increase in peak plantar pressure, considerable postural oscillation, balance deficit, alterations in gait pattern and an increased risk of falls. The aim of the present study was to assess the correlation between plantar pressure distribution and balance in patients with diabetes using a pressure platform (Footwork).Material and methods
The study was carried out at the Human Movement Clinic of the Centro Universitário de Belo Horizonte (Brazil). The sample was made up of 18 right-handed individuals with type 2 diabetes – 14 females and 4 males – with an average age of 58.72 ±9.54 and an average of 18.56 ±6.61 years since diagnosis.Result
Data analysis revealed that greater peak plantar pressure on the right hindfoot led to greater radial displacement (Rd) (r = 0.2022) and greater displacement velocity (r = 0.2240). Greater peak plantar pressure on the left hindfoot also led to greater displacement velocity (P) (r = 0.5728) and radial displacement (RD) (r = 0.1972). A positive correlation was found between time elapsed since diagnosis and peak midfoot pressure (r = 0.3752) on the right and left side as well as between BMI and plantar pressure on all regions of the foot.Conclusions
The data reveal a correlation between postural oscillation and peak plantar pressure on the hindfoot. 相似文献12.
Panagiotis Anagnostis Sofia Vakalopoulou Maria Charizopoulou Eirini Kazantzidou Tania Chrysopoulou Eleni Moka Alexandra Agapidou Vassiliki Zournatzi Vasilia Garipidou 《Archives of Medical Science》2013,9(3):459-465
Introduction
Conflicting data exist regarding the role of leptin in bone metabolism. The purpose of the present study was to investigate serum leptin concentrations in male patients with haemophilia A and B, a disease known to be associated with low bone mass.Material and methods
Eighty-one male patients, aged 45.4 ±15 years, were screened. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in lumbar spine (LS), femoral neck (FN) and total hip (TH).Results
Low bone mass was diagnosed in 20 patients (24.7%). Serum leptin concentrations were strongly associated with body weight (r s = 0.457, p = 0.0001) and body mass index (BMI) (r s = 0.491, p = 0.0001). In unadjusted analysis leptin was inversely associated with BMD in LS (r s = –0.255, p = 0.023), but not in FN and TH (r s = –0.205, p = 0.068 and r s = –0.191, p = 0.090, respectively). However, after adjusting for BMI and body weight, leptin was inversely associated with BMD in FN (F 1,76 = 7.727, p = 0.007, β = –0.371, ΔR 2 = 0.089) and TH (F 1,76 = 4.533, p = 0.036, β = –0.290, ΔR 2 = 0.054), but not in LS (F 1,75 = 2.076, p = 0.154, β = –0.202, ΔR 2 = 0.026). No association was found between age, presence of HBV, HCV or HIV infection or alkaline phosphatase and leptin levels.Conclusions
Our study showed a negative association between circulating leptin levels and bone mass in males, independently of body weight and BMI. 相似文献13.
Sweat Rates, Sweat Sodium Concentrations, and Sodium Losses in 3 Groups of Professional Football Players 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sandra Fowkes Godek Chris Peduzzi Richard Burkholder Steve Condon Gary Dorshimer Arthur R. Bartolozzi 《Journal of Athletic Training》2010,45(4):364-371
Context:
Sweat sodium losses have never been reported in a large cohort of American football players.Objective:
To compare sweat rates (SwtRs), sweat sodium concentrations (SwtNa+), and sodium losses in 3 groups of players (backs and receivers [BK], linebackers and quarterbacks [LB/QB], and linemen [LM]) to determine if positional differences and, therefore, size differences exist.Design:
Observational study.Setting:
Data were collected during practices in the second week of 2 consecutive training camps. The wet bulb globe temperature was 78.5°F ± 3.5°F (25.9°C ± 1.9°C).Patients or Other Participants:
Eighteen BK, 12 LB/QB, and 14 LM volunteered.Intervention(s):
Sterile sweat patches were applied to the right forearm after the skin was appropriately cleaned. The patches were removed during practice, placed in sterile tubes, centrifuged, frozen, and later analyzed by flame photometry.Main Outcome Measure(s):
Sweat rate, SwtNa+, and sodium loss. We calculated SwtR by change in mass adjusted for urine produced and fluids consumed divided by practice time in hours.Results:
Other than age, physical characteristics were different among groups (P < .001). The SwtR was different among groups (F2,41 = 7.3, P = .002). It was lower in BK (1.42 ± 0.45 L/h) than in LB/QB (1.98 ± 0.49 L/h) (P < .05) and LM (2.16 ± 0.75 L/h) (P < .01), but we found no differences between SwtRs for LB/QB and LM. The SwtNa+ was not different among groups (BK = 50 ± 16 mEq/L, LB/QB = 48.2 ± 23 mEq/L, and LM = 52.8 ± 25 mEq/L) and ranged from 15 to 99 mEq/L. Sweat sodium losses ranged from 642 mg/h to 6.7 g/h, and findings for group comparisons approached significance (P = .06). On days when players practiced 4.5 hours, calculated sodium losses ranged from 2.3 to 30 g/d.Conclusions:
The BK sweated at lower rates than did the midsized LB/QB and large LM, but LB/QB sweated similarly to LM. Sweat sodium concentration and daily sodium losses ranged considerably. Heavy, salty sweaters require increased dietary consumption of sodium during preseason. 相似文献14.
Introduction
The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between TregFoxP3+ cells and Th17 cells and occurrence of lung cancer.Material and methods
The proportions of TregFoxP3+ and Th17 cells, the expression of FoxP3 and RORγt mRNA, and the levels of related cell factors such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interleukin IL-17 (IL-17) and IL-23 were determined respectively by flow cytometry analysis, real-time-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and ELISA in peripheral blood of 18 healthy people and 26 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Results
The levels of TregFoxP3+ and Th17, expression of FoxP3 and RORγt mRNA, and ratios of TregFoxP3+/Th17 and FoxP3/RORγt in peripheral blood with NSCLC were higher than those in healthy controls (p < 0.05). The proportion of Th17 cells from NSCLC patients was positively correlated with that of TregFoxP3+ (r = 0.81, p < 0.05). The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrates that the increased level of TregFoxP3+/Th17 in the peripheral blood may be a useful indicator in early diagnosis of non-small cell lung carcinoma. The TregFoxP3+/Th17 and FoxP3/RORγt levels for patients in stage IV were higher than those of patients in stages I, II, and III (p < 0.05). The levels of TGF-β, IL-17, and IL-23 were higher in NSCLC patients than those in healthy controls.Conclusions
The results suggest that ratios of Treg/Th17 correlate with the stage of NSCLC. 相似文献15.
Mariko Uematsu Yoshihiro J. Akashi Kohei Ashikaga Kihei Yoneyama Keisuke Kida Kengo Suzuki Kazuto Omiya Tomoo Harada Maciej Banach Fumihiko Miyake 《Archives of Medical Science》2012,8(4):622-630
Introduction
This study was conducted to determine if there was a link among heart rate at rest (rHR), muscle volume changes, and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) parameters after 6-month cardiac rehabilitation in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Material and methods
Twenty-nine consecutive AMI patients (mean age: 63.0 ±9.1 years) who received appropriate percutaneous coronary intervention on admission were enrolled. 99mTc-Sestamibi myocardial SPECT images were obtained at the early (30 min) and delayed (4 h) phases after tracer injection at 2 weeks (0M) and 6 months (6M) after the onset of AMI. Within a few days of SPECT, all patients underwent cardiopulmonary exercise test for evaluation of cardiac rehabilitation effects. Before the initiation of exercise test, leg muscle volume was measured. All patients were stratified into the ≥ 70 beats per minute (bpm) (n = 15) or < 70 bpm (n = 14) group based on rHR at 6M.Results
There were no significant differences in the recanalization time, peak cardiac enzyme, or initial left ventricular ejection fraction between the two groups. After the 6-month training, the muscle volume changes in the lower limbs (< 70 bpm, 0.23 ±0.22; ≥ 70 bpm, –0.07 ±0.26, p < 0.05) were significantly greater in the < 70 bpm group than the ≥ 70 bpm group. The decreased rate of rHR had a significant correlation with the improved global severity (r = 0.62, p = 0.001) and extent (r = 0.48, p = 0.017) of left ventricle evaluated by 99mTc-Sestamibi myocardial SPECT delayed phase.Conclusions
The result of this preliminary study demonstrated that improved myocardial perfusion was closely related to decreased rHR after cardiac rehabilitation. 相似文献16.
Mehmet Aziret Oktay Irkorucu Enver Reyhan Hasan Erdem Koray Das Selvinaz Ozkara Ali Surmelioglu Selim Sozen Ilhan Bali Sulleyman Cetinkunar Kamuran Cumhur Deger 《Clinics (S?o Paulo, Brazil)》2014,69(11):763-769
OBJECTIVES:
Vardenafil enhances dilatation of vascular smooth muscle and inhibits platelet aggregation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effects of vardenafil and pentoxifylline administration in an experimental model of ischemic colitis.METHODS:
Forty female Wistar albino rats weighing 250–300 g were randomized into five experimental groups (each with n = 8) as follows:1) a sham group subjected to a sham surgical procedure and administered only tap water; 2) a control group subjected to a standardized surgical procedure to induce ischemic colitis and administered only tap water; 3) and 4) treatment groups subjected to surgical induction of ischemic colitis followed by the postoperative administration of 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg vardenafil, respectively; and 5) a treatment group subjected to surgical induction of ischemic colitis followed by postoperative administration of pentoxifylline at 50 mg/kg/day per day as a single dose for a 3-day period. All animals were sacrificed at 72 h post-surgery and subjected to relaparotomy. We scored the macroscopically visible damage, measured the ischemic area and scored histopathology to determine the severity of ischemia. Tissue malondialdehyde levels were also quantified.RESULTS:
The mean Gomella ischemic areas were 63.3 mm2 in the control group; 3.4 and 9.6 mm2 in the vardenafil 5 and vardenafil 10 groups, respectively; and 3.4 mm2 in the pentoxifylline group (p = 0.0001). The mean malondialdehyde values were 63.7 nmol/g in the control group; 25.3 and 25.6 nmol/g in the vardenafil 5 and vardenafil 10 groups, respectively; and 22.8 nmol/g in the pentoxifylline group (p = 0.0001).CONCLUSION:
Our findings indicate that vardenafil and pentoxifylline are effective treatment options in an animal model of ischemic colitis. The positive clinical effects produced by these drugs are likely due to their influence on the hemodynamics associated with vascular smooth muscle and platelet functions. 相似文献17.
Jong Ho Chung Hyung Su Ahn Sang Gyune Kim Yun Nah Lee Young Seok Kim Soung Won Jeong Jae Young Jang Sae Hwan Lee Hong Soo Kim Boo Sung Kim 《Clinical and molecular hepatology》2013,19(2):156-164
Background/Aims
Several noninvasive methods have recently been developed for the evaluation of liver fibrosis. The accuracy of transient elastography (TE), acoustic-radiation-force impulse (ARFI) elastography, and real-time elastography (RTE) in predicting liver fibrosis were evaluated.Methods
Seventy-four patients who had undergone a liver biopsy within the previous 6 months were submitted to evaluation with TE, ARFI, and RTE on the same day.Results
There were significant correlations between fibrosis stage and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) using the three tested methods: TE, r2=0.272, P=0.0002; ARFI, r2=0.225, P=0.0017; and RTE, r2=0.228, P=0.0015. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis (≥F2, Metavir stage) by TE, ARFI, RTE, TE/platelet count (PLT), velocity of shear wave (Vs)/PLT, and elasticity score (Es)/PLT were 0.727, 0.715, 0.507, 0.876, 0.874, and 0.811, respectively. The AUROC for the diagnosis of cirrhosis by TE, ARFI, RTE, TE/PLT, Vs/PLT, and Es/PLT were 0.786, 0.807, 0.767, 0.836, 0.819, and 0.838, respectively. Comparisons of AUROC between all LSMs for predicting significant fibrosis (≥F2) produced the following results: TE vs. RTE, P=0.0069; ARFI vs. RTE, P=0.0277; and TE vs. ARFI, P=0.8836. Applying PLT, the ability of each LSM to predict fibrosis stage significantly increased: TE/PLT vs. TE, P=0.0004; Vs/PLT vs. ARFI, P=0.0022; and Es/PLT vs. RTE, P<0.0001. However, the ability to predict cirrhosis was not enhanced, combining LSM and PLT.Conclusions
TE and ARFI may be better methods for predicting significant liver fibrosis than RTE. This predictive ability increased significantly when accounting for platelet count. However, all of the measures had comparable efficacies for predicting cirrhosis. 相似文献18.
Woong Gil Choi Soo Hyun Kim Soo Han Kim Sang Don Park Young Soo Baek Sung Hee Shin Sung Il Woo Dae Hyeok Kim Keum Soo Park Jun Kwan 《Yonsei medical journal》2014,55(3):592-598
Purpose
Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and myocardial dyssynchrony commonly occur in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The aim of this study was to elucidate changes in FMR in relation to those in left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony as well as geometric parameters of the mitral valve (MV) in DCM patients during dobutamine infusion.Materials and Methods
Twenty-nine DCM patients (M:F=15:14; age: 62±15 yrs) with FMR underwent echocardiography at baseline and during peak dose (30 or 40 ug/min) of dobutamine infusion. Using 2D echocardiography, LV end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume (LVESV), ejection fraction (EF), and effective regurgitant orifice area (ERO) were estimated. Dyssynchrony indices (DIs), defined as the standard deviation of time interval-to-peak myocardial systolic contraction of eight LV segments, were measured. Using the multi-planar reconstructive mode from commercially available 3D image analysis software, MV tenting area (MVTa) was measured. All geometrical measurements were corrected (c) by the height of each patient.Results
During dobutamine infusion, EF (28±8% vs. 39±11%, p=0.001) improved along with significant decrease in cLVESV (80.1±35.2 mm3/m vs. 60.4±31.1 mm3/m, p=0.001); cMVTa (1.28±0.48 cm2/m vs. 0.79±0.33 cm2/m, p=0.001) was significantly reduced; and DI (1.31±0.51 vs. 1.58±0.68, p=0.025) showed significant increase. Despite significant deterioration of LV dyssynchrony during dobutamine infusion, ERO (0.16±0.09 cm2 vs. 0.09±0.08 cm2, p=0.001) significantly improved. On multivariate analysis, ΔcMVTa and ΔEF were found to be the strongest independent determinants of ΔERO (R2=0.443, p=0.001).Conclusion
Rather than LV dyssynchrony, MV geometry determined by LV geometry and systolic pressure, which represents the MV closing force, may be the primary determinant of MR severity. 相似文献19.
Maria Luz Canal-Macias Raul Roncero-Martin Jose Maria Moran Jesus Maria Lavado-Garcia Maria del Carmen Costa-Fernandez Juan Diego Pedrera-Zamorano 《Archives of Medical Science》2013,9(4):703-708
Introduction
During lactation abundant calcium is lost from the mother as a result of the amount of breast milk produced. Lactation leads to transient fragility, with some women experiencing even fragility fractures, but nearly all of these women subsequently undergo a large increase in bone mineral density (BMD), confirming that the BMD must have declined during lactation but it increases after weaning. We have retrospectively examined the relationship between the duration of breastfeeding and bone properties in Spanish premenopausal healthy women, to identify the site-specific changes in BMD.Material and methods
Four hundred and thirty-three premenopausal healthy women, 295 with a mean of 7.82 ±6.68 months of exclusive breastfeeding and 138 control women, were studied. We examined total, trabecular and cortical volumetric BMD (mg/mm3) at the distal radius using peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Areal BMD (g/cm2) was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at the femoral neck, lumbar spine, trochanter and Ward''s triangle. Phalangeal bone ultrasound was measured by amplitude-dependent speed of sound.Results
Areal BMD analysis at L2–L4 revealed significant intergroup differences (p < 0.05). There were significant intergroup differences in the volumetric BMD in both total and cortical bone (p < 0.05). The observed BMD of breast-feeders was higher than the BMD in non-breast-feeding women. Additionally, the lactation subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in the areal BMD at trochanter and L2–L4 (p < 0.05) and in the cortical volumetric BMD (p < 0.05).Conclusions
This study adds to the growing evidence that breastfeeding has no deleterious effects and may confer an additional advantage for BMD in premenopausal women. 相似文献20.
Dongdong Zhao Ban Liu Yidong Wei Kai Tang Xuejing Yu Yawei Xu 《Archives of Medical Science》2015,11(5):1111-1118