人类免疫缺陷病毒合并新型冠状病毒感染者1例报告

新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)是由新型冠状病毒(severe acute re-spiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)感染导致的急性呼吸道传染病,传播速度快,人群普遍易感[1].艾滋病(acquired immun...     

肾素-血管紧张素系统在SARS-CoV-2引起的急性肺损伤中的作用

2019-12月底,由新型冠状病毒(severe acute re-spiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ,SARS-CoV-2 )引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019 ,CO-VID-19 )在武汉暴发,截止2020-03 月,疫情已经波及到了包括中国在...     

新型冠状病毒肺炎诊治的实验室检验路径探讨

正2019年12月以来,在我国湖北省武汉市首次发生由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARSCo V-2)感染引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19,简称新冠肺炎)。该疾病是以肺部病变为主的新发传染病,还可引起肠道、     

2021年《ISIDOG备孕期、妊娠期和哺乳期接种COVID-19疫苗指南》解读

新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)是由新型冠状病毒(severe acute respiraory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)引发的急性呼吸道传染病.世界各国已加快新型冠状病毒疫苗(简称新冠疫苗)的研发,而孕妇这一特殊群体未被...     

依据传染病防控基本原则,精准预防新型冠状病毒感染

新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称新冠肺炎,coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)疫情暴发流行已两年,持续在全世界肆虐.由于各国采取的防控政策和措施不同,疫苗分配不均,加之新型冠状病毒(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2...     

新型冠状病毒抗体检测及应用

<正>自2019年12月,由新型冠状病毒(Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎(corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19)迅速在全球暴发,是迄今为止全球最大的公共卫生事件。据世界卫生组织报道,截止2022年2月24日,全球新型冠状病毒肺炎感染人数已达4.2亿,死亡人数超过540万,严重威胁人类生命安全。     

乐山地区1例重型新型冠状病毒肺炎转归普通型病例的临床分析

<正>新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)是一种由新型冠状病毒(2019 novel coronavirus,2019-nCoV)引起的急性传染病,主要经飞沫和接触传播^[1],可能存在粪口传播^[2-3]。截至2020年2月25日24时,全国累计报告确诊病例78 064例,现有疑似病例2 491例,累计死亡病例     

新型冠状病毒肺炎对消化系统的影响

<正>新型冠状病毒肺炎(corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19)^[1]感染者主要表现为发热、干咳等呼吸道症状,但部分患者也表现出腹泻、呕吐等消化系统不适。本文就COVID-19对消化系统的影响进行综述,为临床诊治工作提供新思路。1 COVID-19病原体冠状病毒(coronavirus,CoV s)是被单链RNA病毒包绕的阳性病毒,可划分为α、β、δ和γ4个属^[2]。新型冠状病毒(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)隶属β类病毒,已经成为继严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus,SARS-CoV)及中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus,     

相关标志物对COVID-19并发急性肾损伤及预后的预测价值

<正>新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2)感染引起,主要表现为急性呼吸衰竭伴间质性和肺泡性肺炎,也可影响多个器官,肾脏是常见受累的肺外器官,急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury, AKI)是一组以肾小球滤过率(GFR)突然降低为特征,     

Beta属冠状病毒亚基因组检测及应用进展

目前已知可以感染人类的冠状病毒(coronavirus)有7种,其中Beta冠状病毒属(beta coronavirus)有5种。人冠状病毒OC43(human coronavirus OC43,HCoV-OC43)、人冠状病毒HKU1(human coronavirus HKU1,HCoV-HKU1)感染呈现季节性特征,症状轻微。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, SARS-CoV)、中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus, MERS-CoV)和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)感染后迅速在人与人之间传播,病毒流行对公共卫生安全和国民经济造成严重威胁。核酸检测是鉴别、诊断和排查病毒感染患者的关键检测方法之一,但核酸阳性并不意味着病毒具有传染性,需要探索一种快速反应病毒复制能力的检测方法作为补充。研究证实Beta属冠...     

冠状病毒免疫逃逸机制研究进展

冠状病毒是人和动物的重要致病原,其中新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)给人类健康带来了致命威胁.宿主固有免疫反应是宿主抵抗病原体入侵的第一道防线,但过激的免疫应答也会加重病毒感染和病理损伤.病毒免疫逃逸是冠状病毒的重要致病机制.本文主要从宿主免疫传感器、干扰素、细胞因...     

COVID-19全球疫情及其应对策略留给我们的思索

由新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）所引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）仍在继续肆虐全球,给公共卫生体系带来巨大挑战,并威胁人类健康和生存。此次疫情留给我们太多思索:要关注呼吸道感染性疾病尤其人畜共患的新发呼吸道传染病;明确病毒病原的重要性,这关系到儿童肺炎的防治策略。由于COVID-19具有高传染性和病毒快速变异的特点,且缺乏特异性药物,故疫苗是目前最有效的预防手段,必须尽早建立全球免疫屏障。     

Molecular immune pathogenesis and diagnosis of COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a kind of viral pneumonia which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has been marked as the third introduction of a highly pathogenic coronavirus into the human population after the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV)and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coro-navirus(MERS-CoV)in the twenty-first century.In this minireview,we provide a brief introduction of the general features of SARS-CoV-2 and discuss current knowledge of molecular immune pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 on the base of the present understanding of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections,which may be helpful in offering novel insights and potential therapeutic targets for combating the SARS-CoV-2 infection.     

Antiviral,immunomodulatory, and anticoagulant effects of quercetin and its derivatives: Potential role in prevention and management of COVID-19

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has caused a devastating health crisis worldwide. In this review, we have discussed that prophylactic phytochemical quercetin supplementation in the form of foods or nutraceuticals may help manage the COVID-19 pandemic. The following evidence supports our argument. First, nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NRF2) agonists abrogate replication of SARS-CoV-2 in lung cells, and quercetin is a potent NRF2 agonist. Second, quercetin exerts antiviral activity against several zoonotic coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, mainly by inhibiting the entry of virions into host cells. Third, inflammatory pathways activated by nuclear factor kappa B, inflammasome, and interleukin-6 signals elicit cytokine release syndrome that promotes acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with COVID-19, and quercetin inhibits these pro-inflammatory signals. Fourth, patients with COVID-19 develop thrombosis, and quercetin mitigates coagulation abnormalities by inhibiting plasma protein disulfide isomerase. This review provides a strong rationale for testing quercetin for the management of COVID-19.     

蝙蝠相关的冠状病毒

2019年12月,新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）暴发,继2003年严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）暴发后又给人类敲响了一记警钟。研究者通过溯源分析,发现COVID-19病原体严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的自然宿主可能是中华菊头蝠。21世纪以来,全球共出现4次冠状病毒[严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）、中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）、猪急性腹泻综合征冠状病毒（SADS-CoV）、SARS-CoV-2]的暴发,给人类健康、公共卫生、经济发展及社会稳定造成了巨大的威胁与损失。大量证据表明,这4种冠状病毒的自然宿主可能均为蝙蝠。本文对蝙蝠相关冠状病毒的种类、全球地理分布及引起暴发的蝙蝠相关冠状病毒作一综述。     

Association between 25 Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations and the Risk of COVID-19: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a global pandemic[1]. Primary prevention, which is aimed at delaying disease onset by modulating modifiable risk factors, has been proposed to address the global challenge posed by COVID-19. Vitamin D plays a critical role in the immune system, and vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for several adverse health outcomes, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, infectious diseases, and autoimmune diseases. Some studies have shown that low 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations are associated with a high risk of COVID-19[2], but other studies have found no association[3]. Therefore, the association between 25OHD concentrations and the risk of COVID-19 has not been established. The above studies were observational, and traditional epidemiological studies are vulnerable to reverse causality and residual confounding.     

Structural elucidation of SARS-CoV-2 vital proteins: Computational methods reveal potential drug candidates against main protease,Nsp12 polymerase and Nsp13 helicase

Recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 caused a major outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and instigated a widespread fear, threatening global health safety. To date, no licensed antiviral drugs or vaccines are available against COVID-19 although several clinical trials are under way to test possible therapies. During this urgent situation, computational drug discovery methods provide an alternative to tiresome high-throughput screening, particularly in the hit-to-lead-optimization stage. Identification of small molecules that specifically target viral replication apparatus has indicated the highest potential towards antiviral drug discovery. In this work, we present potential compounds that specifically target SARS-CoV-2 vital proteins, including the main protease, Nsp12 RNA polymerase and Nsp13 helicase. An integrative virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations approach has facilitated the identification of potential binding modes and favourable molecular interaction profile of corresponding compounds. Moreover, the identification of structurally important binding site residues in conserved motifs located inside the active site highlights relative importance of ligand binding based on residual energy decomposition analysis. Although the current study lacks experimental validation, the structural information obtained from this computational study has paved way for the design of targeted inhibitors to combat COVID-19 outbreak.     

支气管镜技术在新型冠状病毒肺炎诊断中的应用及相关职业防护

由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）已发展为全球大流行,对民众健康和经济发展造成严重影响。本文总结了SARS-CoV-2首次分离、鉴定样本的来源及病毒RNA病原学检测过程中存在的问题,探讨了支气管镜技术应用于COVID-19诊断的必要性和局限性,阐述了在对COVID-19患者进行支气管镜操作中的职业防护措施,提出加快研发支气管镜操作相关的一次性防护装置的重要性。     

基于刺突蛋白靶点的抗新型冠状病毒药物研究进展

重症急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)目前仍在不断蔓延,但针对该病毒的特效治疗药物尚在研发当中。本文基于冠状病毒生物学特点和病毒复制过程中的关键蛋白——刺突蛋白,介绍了相关药物作用位点及研究进展,为抗SARS-CoV-2药物的临床应用提供信息依据,为治疗COVID-19药物研发提供思路。     

Structural basis of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro and anti-COVID-19 drug discovery from medicinal plants

The recent pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has raised global health concerns. The viral 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease (3CL^pro) enzyme controls coronavirus replication and is essential for its life cycle. 3CL^pro is a proven drug discovery target in the case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Recent studies revealed that the genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2 is very similar to that of SARS-CoV. Therefore, herein, we analysed the 3CL^pro sequence, constructed its 3D homology model, and screened it against a medicinal plant library containing 32,297 potential anti-viral phytochemicals/traditional Chinese medicinal compounds. Our analyses revealed that the top nine hits might serve as potential anti- SARS-CoV-2 lead molecules for further optimisation and drug development process to combat COVID-19.