CT导引下聚桂醇硬化治疗肾囊肿

目的 评价CT导引下聚桂醇硬化治疗肾囊肿的临床效果。方法 回顾性分析2019年1月至2021年12月在上海市第六人民医院东院接受CT导引下肾囊肿穿刺硬化治疗的50例（52枚）肾囊肿患者临床资料。术前完善出凝血功能、肝肾功能及增强CT检查，排除禁忌病例，确定治疗体位和聚桂醇用量。术中使用Bard 18 G活检针穿刺抽液，囊液吸净后用0.9%氯化钠溶液40～100 mL冲洗1～2次，注入聚桂醇泡沫硬化剂（氧气和聚桂醇按1∶1配比）。参照WHO实体瘤疗效评价标准评价硬化治疗效果。结果 所有患者肾囊肿穿刺一次成功。囊肿大小范围为4.3～12 cm，抽出囊液40～900 mL，颜色淡黄或清亮。囊肿内注入聚桂醇泡沫剂15～60 mL。抽吸硬化治疗全程顺利，患者均无并发症发生。术后所有患者临床症状明显好转或消失。术后3、6个月随访显示，总显效率、有效率分别为71.15%、98.07%。结论 CT导引下聚桂醇硬化治疗肾囊肿创伤小、操作简单、费用低、住院时间短、效果显著，可替代外科手术治疗。尤其是对肾上极囊肿硬化治疗，CT导引优于超声导引。     

聚桂醇在单纯性肾囊肿硬化治疗中的应用价值

目的 评价聚桂醇在单纯性肾囊肿硬化治疗中的应用价值.方法 分析65例患者共68个单纯性肾囊肿,行超声引导下抽尽囊液后注入适量聚桂醇硬化剂,并留置于囊腔内,治疗过程中观察患者的反应,详细记录患者主诉,所有患者术后1、3、6、12个月复查超声.结果 穿刺成功率100％.术后随访12个月,治愈率70.6％ (48/68),有效率100％(68/68).8例患者(12.3％)注入聚桂醇时有轻度不适感,1例患者出现晕厥.结论 聚桂醇在单纯性肾囊肿硬化治疗中相对安全、有效,值得在临床推广应用.     

聚多卡醇泡沫硬化治疗儿童Puig's Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型肛周静脉畸形临床研究

目的 探讨DSA引导下聚多卡醇泡沫硬化治疗儿童Puig'Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型肛周静脉畸形的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2018年3月至2019年6月就诊于我科的38例Puig'sⅠ型和Ⅱ型肛周静脉畸形患儿,采用全麻下DSA引导经皮多点穿刺3％聚多卡醇泡沫硬化治疗,术后观察疗效、不良反应,术后随访14～28个月.结果 38例患儿共治...     

超声引导穿刺注入聚桂醇硬化治疗子宫内膜异位囊肿疗效观察

目的评价超声引导下穿刺注入聚桂醇硬化治疗子宫内膜异位囊肿的疗效。方法对25例27个囊肿行超声引导下穿刺注入聚桂醇硬化治疗,6个月后观察疗效。结果超声引导下穿刺注入聚桂醇硬化治疗子宫内膜异位囊肿疗效显著,治愈率85.2%,总有效率96.3%。结论超声引导下穿刺注入聚桂醇硬化治疗子宫内膜异位囊肿为一种操作简单方便、疗效好、可重复性强、并发症少的方法,值得临床广泛推广。     

DSA引导下泡沫硬化术与大隐静脉高位结扎联合血管腔内激光术治疗下肢静脉曲张的疗效观察

目的探讨DSA引导下聚多卡醇泡沫硬化术与大隐静脉高位结扎术联合血管腔内激光术治疗下肢静脉曲张的临床疗效。 方法选取60例下肢静脉曲张患者（共66条腿）,随机分为DSA引导下聚多卡醇泡沫硬化术组（A组,30例共33条腿）及大隐静脉高位结扎术联合血管腔内激光术组（B组,30例共33条腿）。分别对两组患者手术时间、住院费用、术后并发症、治疗效果进行对比评价。 结果A组患者手术时间、住院费用明显低于B组（均P<0.01）;A组患者术后皮下瘀血、感觉麻木、皮下脂肪液化感染、皮肤灼伤的发生率均显著低于B组（均P<0.01）;两组患者静脉炎的发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;两组患者出院时及术后3个月、6个月、1年治疗效果比较差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。 结论DSA引导下聚多卡醇泡沫硬化剂治疗下肢静脉曲张是一项创伤小、并发症少、安全、有效的治疗方法。     

超声引导下应用无水乙醇和聚桂醇治疗单纯性肝、肾囊肿的疗效分析

目的：对比分析应用无水乙醇和聚桂醇治疗单纯性肝、肾囊肿的疗效和安全性。方法将81例单纯性肝、肾囊肿分为无水乙醇治疗组（30例）、聚桂醇治疗组（51例）,行超声引导下硬化治疗,对比观察疗效及不良反应。结果随访6个月后,两组在疗效上对比无统计学意义（P>0.05）,不良反应率聚桂醇组（9.8%）与无水乙醇组（40%）相比有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论聚桂醇在单纯性肝、肾囊肿硬化治疗中安全、有效,是无水乙醇的有效替代品。     

DSA引导下经皮硬化术治疗儿童唇部低流速静脉畸形的疗效和安全性分析

目的探讨DSA引导下3%聚多卡醇泡沫硬化剂、平阳霉素联合地塞米松治疗儿童唇部低流速型静脉畸形的疗效和安全性。方法分析我院全麻下行DSA引导下经皮硬化术治疗的27例儿童唇部低回流型静脉畸形患儿的临床资料。共纳入27例患者35个病灶,将观察对象随机分为两组,A组:13例患儿16个病灶,接受3%聚多卡醇泡沫硬化剂治疗;B组:14例患儿19个病灶,接受平阳霉素+地塞米松混合剂注射治疗。观察两组的临床疗效,记录术后不良反应情况,并将其进行对比分析。结果 A组与B组间平均治疗次数、有效率差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组的不良反应发生率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 DSA引导下3%聚多卡醇泡沫硬化剂、平阳霉素联合地塞米松治疗儿童唇部低流速型静脉畸形均是有效的方法。平阳霉素联合地塞米松较聚多卡醇泡沫硬化剂更为安全、不良反应少,更值得临床推广。     

两步法在单纯性甲状腺囊性结节伴出血硬化治疗中的临床应用价值

目的 评价两步法在超声引导下单纯性甲状腺囊性结节伴出血硬化治疗中的临床应用价值。方法 纳入2019—2021年于南京市中医院超声科行甲状腺结节穿刺治疗的患者47例。传统治疗组对单纯性囊性结节伴出血患者仅进行超声引导下抽液+硬化治疗术；两步法是在传统超声引导下抽液+硬化治疗基础上，治疗术后3～4 d，再次对囊腔内渗出液进行单纯抽液治疗。术后1周、1、3、6个月观察囊肿变化情况和并发症。结果 传统治疗组临床治愈率为57.9%，术后1周，术后1、3、6个月后，囊肿缩小率分别为：44.1%,65.5%,76.3%,83.2%，术后6个月复发率68.4%；两步法治疗组临床治愈率为96.4%，术后1周，术后1、3、6个月后，囊肿缩小率分别为：60.4%,81.7%,91.8%,95.4%，术后6个月复发率降为25.0%。结论 两步法可以明显减少囊肿复发率，增加囊肿缩小率，加速囊肿吸收的进程，而不增加患者的任何不良反应，是一种更好的治疗方法，值得临床推广使用。     

超声引导下经皮穿刺抽吸和注射无水乙醇治疗单纯性肾囊肿

目的评价超声引导下经皮穿刺抽吸和注射无水乙醇治疗单纯性肾囊肿的效果。方法46例单纯性肾囊肿患者(男性26例,女性20例,平均年龄65岁)均经超声引导经皮穿刺抽吸和注射无水乙醇硬化治疗。全部操作是在局部麻醉下完成的。治疗后,全部病人经超声或CT随访1至6个月。囊肿与治疗前比较,减小2/3以上为有效,完全消失为治愈。结果46个囊肿中,2个囊肿抽出液蛋白定性试验阴性,抽液后未注入无水乙醇,其余44个囊肿于治后1,3,6个月呈进行性缩小,6个月时复查有效率为100%,治愈率为90.6%。结论超声引导经皮穿刺抽吸和注射无水乙醇是治疗单纯性肾囊肿的一种操作简单、痛苦小、费用低、安全有效的方法,值得临床推广应用。     

超声引导下聚桂醇与无水乙醇硬化治疗单纯性肝囊肿的疗效及不良反应的比较

目的 对超声引导下聚桂醇与无水乙醇硬化治疗单纯性肝囊肿的疗效及不良反应进行比较.方法 选取接受治疗的单纯性肝囊肿患者56例进行研究,治疗时间为患者经单双号随机分组为对照组与观察组.对照组患者接受超声引导下无水乙醇硬化治疗,观察组给予患者超声引导下聚桂醇硬化治疗,比较其临床疗效与发生不良反应的情况.结果 两组患者的临床总治愈概率比较无明显差异,P ＞0.05,观察组患者腹痛腹胀、恶心呕吐、醉酒样反应发生概率较对照组低,P＜1.05,发热与出血发生概率比较,P＞0.05.结论 超声引导下聚桂醇与无水乙醇硬化治疗单纯性肝囊肿均可获得较为理想的临床疗效,但聚桂醇产生的不良反应较少.     

2种硬化剂在单纯性肝肾囊肿硬化治疗中的对比研究

目的:对超声引导下单纯性肝肾囊肿穿刺注射新型硬化剂和无水乙醇治疗的疗效进行对比研究。方法:对32例患者36个肝肾囊肿(18例肝囊肿,14例18个肾囊肿)经超声引导抽净囊液后,注入适量新型硬化剂1%聚桂醇注射液(国药准字H20080445),并留置囊内,观察治疗过程中发生的不良反应、患者耐受程度,6月跟踪统计有效率;并与我院采用传统无水乙醇硬化剂治疗的肝肾囊肿统计数据进行对比。结果:32例36个囊肿均一次穿刺成功,按1/10～1/4的比例注入新型硬化剂并保留囊内,患者耐受性良好,无刺激性疼痛和醉酒症状,治疗后1周内,9例患者诉侧腹轻微胀痛,间断低热2 d,未经特殊处理自行消失,无严重不良反应。6月复查33例全部消失,3个囊肿缩小2/3以上,有效率达100%,长期疗效仍在跟踪中。采用传统无水乙醇作为硬化剂注射治疗肝肾囊肿20例(12例肝囊肿,8例肾囊肿),抽净囊液后,按1/4～1/3比例注入无水乙醇,注射时均有短暂刺激性疼痛,18例出现面红、心跳加快、口干、恶心呕吐等醉酒症状。6月复查15例完全消失,5例缩小2/3以上。结论:新型硬化剂聚桂醇治疗肝。肾囊肿疗效与传统无水乙醇硬化治疗一致,但它留置体内,无刺激性剧痛,无醉酒症状,操作简单,不良反应少,患者耐受性好,优于无水乙醇,有望在肝肾囊肿的硬化治疗中成为无水乙醇的替代物。     

CT引导下介入治疗肾囊肿的临床应用

目的探讨CT引导下穿刺硬化剂治疗肾囊肿的方法及疗效。方法经B超或CT诊断的78例84个肾囊肿在CT定位下经皮穿刺抽吸,行无水乙醇反复冲洗法硬化剂治疗,用18~22 G穿刺针抽吸,注入99.7%无水乙醇,注射量为抽出囊液量的25%~30%。术后每隔3个月复查,随访其疗效。结果其中79个囊肿一次穿刺成功,随访3个月~1年,复查见51例54个囊肿消失,22例24个囊肿缩小,4例4个囊肿未见缩小。有效率95.2%,消失率64.2%,无严重并发症。结论CT引导下经皮穿刺硬化剂治疗肾囊肿是一种安全、有效的治疗方法,具有较高的临床实用价值。     

Sclerotherapy of renal cysts using acetic acid: a comparison with ethanol sclerotherapy

This study compared percutaneous sclerotherapy using 50% acetic acid with that using 99% ethanol for patients with simple renal cysts. The study included 72 simple renal cysts in 64 patients (male/female ratio = 31/33; age range, 31-75 years). Under fluoroscopic guidance, the cyst fluid was aspirated completely. Sclerotherapy was then performed using 50% acetic acid for 32 cysts and 99% ethanol for 40 cysts. The volumes of each renal cyst before and after sclerotherapy were compared using ultrasonography or CT. Medical records were reviewed to analyse any complications. The mean follow-up period was 21.5 months (range, 3-75 months). The mean remnant volume of the cyst after sclerotherapy was 2.6% of the initial volume in the acetic acid group and 14.0% in the ethanol group. The rates of complete remission, partial remission and treatment failure were 90.6%, 9.4% and 0%, respectively, in the acetic acid group, and 60.0%, 30.0% and 10.0%, respectively, in the ethanol group. There were no complications related to sclerotherapy in either group. In conclusion, acetic acid is a safe and effective sclerosing agent, with clinical results superior to those of ethanol, and is an alternative to ethanol for sclerotherapy of renal cysts.     

CT导引下穿刺注射无水乙醇治疗肾囊肿

目的　评估CT导引经皮穿刺肾囊肿注射无水乙醇治疗的临床经验。方法　 4 4 5例 5 10个肾囊肿于CT导引下经皮穿刺肾囊肿抽液后注射无水乙醇治疗 ,4 4 5例中 385例为单发肾囊肿 ,5 3例多发肾囊肿 ,7例多囊肾。囊肿直径为 1.9～ 13.5cm。用 18～ 2 1G抽吸针穿刺抽吸 ,抽出囊液量为 3～780ml。注入 99.7%乙醇 ,乙醇量以抽出囊液的 2 5 %为合适。结果　本组 396例 (42 7个囊肿 )用CT扫描或超声检查随访 ,随访时间为 3个月到 1年以上 ,单发肾囊肿疗效为 97% ,其中囊腔消失为 82 % ,多发肾囊肿疗效为 95 % ,其中囊腔消失为 79% ,多囊肾疗效为 6 7%。并发症为局部疼痛 (2 8例 ) ,血尿 (4例 ) ,无严重并发症出现。结论　CT导引经皮穿刺肾囊肿乙醇治疗对单发肾囊肿和多发囊肿是一种有价值的治疗方法     

Sonographically guided ethanol sclerotherapy for benign thyroid cysts: results in 22 patients

OBJECTIVE: We evaluate the efficacy and safety of sonographically guided ethanol sclerotherapy for benign thyroid cysts. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We examined 22 patients with benign thyroid cysts (13 complex cysts and nine pure cysts) confirmed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Sonographically guided aspiration of the cystic fluid was followed by instillation of absolute ethanol (99.9%) into the cystic cavity: the injected volume of ethanol was 40-100% of the volume of fluid aspirated. The procedure was performed every 1 or 3 months for one or two sessions (mean, 1.2 sessions). Follow-up sonography was performed 1-10 months after the final session, and we observed patients after ethanol sclerotherapy for complications. RESULTS: The initial volume of the cysts ranged from 3.5 to 42 ml. In 21 patients, the volume of the cyst decreased or the cyst was obliterated. The volume of the cyst was reduced by 50-99% in 13 patients and by 1-49% in six patients, and the cyst was obliterated in two patients. In one patient, the volume of the cyst increased. The volume of ethanol instilled was significantly correlated with the volume reduction rate of the cyst. There was a difference in the volume reduction rate between patients in whom 10 ml or more of initial volume was used and those in whom less than 10 ml of initial volume was used; that is, the volume reduction rate of the group with the initial cyst volume of more than 10 ml was higher than that of the other group. Important long-standing and severe complications were not observed. CONCLUSION: Sonographically guided ethanol sclerotherapy is a safe and effective tool for the therapy of benign thyroid cysts.     

Acetic acid as a sclerosing agent for renal cysts: Comparison with ethanol in follow-up results

Purpose: To compare follow-up results of sclerotherapy for renal cyst using 50% acetic acid with those using 99% ethanol as sclerosing agents. Methods: Eighty-one patients underwent sclerotherapy and 58 patients, 23 males, 35 females, aged 6–76 years, having a total of 60 cysts, were included in this study; the others were lost to follow-up. The renal cysts were diagnosed by sonography, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Sclerotherapy was performed using 50% acetic acid for 32 cysts in 31 patients and 99% ethanol for 28 cysts in 27 patients. Under fluoroscopic guidance, cystic fluid was aspirated as completely as possible. After instillation of a sclerosing agent corresponding to 11.7%–25% (4–100 ml) of the aspirated volume, the patient changed position for 20 min and then the agent was removed. Patients were followed up by sonography for a period of 1–49 months. The volume of the renal cyst after sclerotherapy was compared with that of the renal cyst calculated before sclerotherapy. Medical records were reviewed to analyze complications. Results: The mean volume after sclerotherapy of the 17 cysts followed for 3–4 months in the acetic acid group was 5.1% of the initial volume, and for the 14 cysts in the ethanol group it was 10.2%. Complete regression during follow-up was shown in 21 cysts (66%) in the acetic acid group; the mean volume of these cysts before the procedure was 245 ml. The mean volume of the nine (32%) completely regressed cysts in the ethanol group was 184 ml. Mild flank pain, which occurred in three patients in each group, was the only complication and resolved the next day. Conclusion: Acetic acid was an effective and safe sclerosing agent for renal cysts, tending to induce faster and more complete regression than ethanol.     

Efficacy of Single-Session Percutaneous Drainage and 50% Acetic Acid Sclerotherapy for Treatment of Simple Renal Cysts

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and long-term results of single-session 50% acetic acid sclerotherapy for the treatment of simple renal cysts, and to compare the therapeutic results of 5 and 20 min sclerosant dwell techniques. Methods During the past 9 years, 50% acetic acid sclerotherapy was performed on 67 cysts in 66 patients. An acetic acid volume corresponding to a mean of 23% of the aspirated cyst volume was injected into the cysts. A 20 min dwell time with position changes was performed in 32 cysts (31 patients; group I) and 8% of volume for a 5 min dwell time in 35 cysts (35 patients; group II). Three- and 6-month sonographic or CT follow-up was performed for a minimum of 1 year. Complete regression was defined as no remaining cyst measurable on sonography with or without a scar at the renal cortex. Partial regression was defined as a decreased cyst volume compared with that before sclerotherapy. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to compare the therapeutic results between the two groups. Results For 67 simple renal cysts, complete regression on follow-up was observed in 21 of 32 cysts (66%; group I) and 22 of 35 cysts (63%; group II); the remaining 24 cysts all showed partial regression. The partial reduction rate of the cyst’s volume was 97.4% (91.3–99.4%) in group I and 96.9% (90.8–99.5 %) in group II. There were no procedure-related major complications, and no statistically significant differences in the complete regression and partial volume reduction rates between the two groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion Fifty percent acetic acid is an effective and safe sclerosing agent for simple renal cysts. Fifty percent acetic acid sclerotherapy with a 5 min sclerosant dwell time, using a volume of about 10% of the aspirated volume, is sufficient for satisfactory results of simple renal cyst sclerotherapy.     

One-year Results of Single-session Sclerotherapy with Bleomycin in Simple Renal Cysts

PurposeTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of single-session percutaneous needle aspiration and single-injection bleomycin sclerotherapy for the treatment of simple renal cysts.Materials and MethodsA total of 66 renal cysts in 53 patients were treated by single-session percutaneous needle aspiration and single-injection bleomycin sclerotherapy under computed tomography (CT) guidance. Symptomatic (n = 31) and asymptomatic cysts (n = 22) with maximum diameters greater than 5 cm were treated. As much liquid content of each cyst was aspirated as possible, and bleomycin was injected and remained in the cyst. Follow-up was performed with ultrasonography or CT every 3 months until 1 year, and cyst volume was calculated before and after sclerotherapy. Therapeutic response was assessed by cyst volume reduction rate (VRR) and classified as complete regression (CR; ie, invisible), near-CR (ie, VRR>85%), partial regression (PR; ie, VRR of 50%–85%), or no response (NR; ie, VRR<50%). Medical records were reviewed to analyze complications.ResultsCysts refilled partially in the initial stage after sclerotherapy and decreased gradually in size over the entire follow-up period. At 1-year follow-up, the overall response rate was 98.5% (65 of 66), with CR in 31 cysts (47.0%), near-CR in 24 cysts (36.4%), PR in 10 cysts (15.1%), and NR in one cyst (1.5%). No major complications were encountered.ConclusionsSingle-session percutaneous needle aspiration and single-injection bleomycin sclerotherapy is a simple, safe, effective, well tolerated alternative technique for management of simple renal cysts.