老年阵发性心房颤动射频消融术后复发的危险因素分析

目的 分析老年阵发性心房颤动(简称房颤)患者行射频消融术后复发的危险因素.方法 选取2013年3月至2016年9月于首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院心内科住院首次行射频消融术的50例老年(年龄≥60岁)阵发性房颤患者.术后随访3个月～8年(中位随访时间5年),根据有无复发分为复发组与未复发组,分析老年阵发性房颤射频消融术后...     

射频消融术治疗心房颤动患者的围手术期护理

心房颤动(房颤)是临床十分常见的心律失常,随着年龄增长发病率进行性增加。房颤的治疗有电复律治疗、药物治疗及介入射频消融治疗[1],前两种治疗效果不明显,且复律后维持时间短。近年的临床研究表明,介入射频消融术可以有效防止房颤复发,可明显减少心力衰竭及血栓形成等并发症的发生率,改     

导管射频消融术对心房颤动患者左房结构和功能的影响

心房颤动(房颤)常见于瓣膜病、高血压病、冠心病等,也可无器质性心脏病,即“孤立性房颤”。房颤时除可引起心悸等不适外,还可因心房丧失泵血功能而使每搏量及心输出量降低;因心房缺乏一致性收缩功能而导致心房内的血流淤滞有利于血栓形成,进而导致肺及全身栓塞的发生,房颤患者卒中的危险性可增加5倍,因此有必要治愈房颤以使心房功能恢复。经导管射频消融术能够破坏房颤的触发和维持基质,是近几年来开展的最有效的彻底治愈房颤的方法。本文就导管射频消融术后左房结构和功能变化的研究进展进行综述。1房颤时左房结构重构与功能改变早在1999年…     

左心耳及其毗邻形态结构对心房颤动导管射频消融术后复发的预测价值

目的:探讨左心耳及其毗邻形态结构对心房颤动(房颤)导管射频消融术后复发的预测价值.方法:选取2018年1月至12月接受射频消融术的110例房颤患者,术前均接受256层螺旋CT心脏检查,测量左心耳嵴长度和宽度,左心耳体积和开口面积,肺静脉开口面积.在术后第3、6、9、12个月进行门诊或电话随访.以消融术后1 a房颤复发为...     

慢性心力衰竭患者血清转化生长因子-β_1和结缔组织生长因子水平与心功能关系

目的观察慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者血清转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)和结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)的变化及与心功能相关性。方法收集105例CHF患者为CHF组,以68例健康查体者为健康对照组。检测血清TGF-β_1、CTGF水平及左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室质量指数(LVMI)变化,进行相关分析。结果 CHF患者血清TGF-β_1、CTGF均显著高于健康对照组(P均<0.01);TGF-β_1、CTGF升高与心力衰竭严重程度相平行;TGF-β_1、CTGF均与LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.638,P<0.01;r=-0.743,P<0.01),与LVMI(r=0.630,P<0.01;r=0.748,P<0.01)、心功能分级(r=0.647,P<0.01;r=0.753,P<0.01)呈正相关。结论血清TGF-β_1、CTGF共同参与了CHF的病理生理过程;血清CTGF水平可作为诊断及判断心力衰竭严重程度的生物学指标。     

心房颤动患者射频消融术后晚期复发的危险因素研究

目的对心房颤动患者经射频消融术后晚期复发的危险因素进行研究。方法收集2017年1月至2018年1月在河南省人民医院行房颤射频消融的病例170例。术前收集患者一般临床资料、检验结果及超声心动图指标,分别在术后3、6、12个月对所有患者进行随访,根据术后3～12个月心房颤动是否复发,将患者分为晚期未复发组和晚期复发组,对两组各项相关的临床资料进行统计学分析,明确影响术后晚期复发的危险因素。结果纳入的170例研究对象中,术后早期复发的有68例(40.0%),晚期复发的有58例(34.1%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,高血压或血压≥130/85 mm Hg(OR=4.311,95%CI 1.726～10.771,P=0.002)、糖尿病或空腹血糖≥6.1 mmol·L~(-1)(OR=3.987,95%CI 1.616～9.839,P=0.003)、持续性房颤(OR=5.225,95%CI 1.577～17.312,P=0.007)、心房颤动病程(OR=1.012,95%CI 1.007～1.017,P<0.001)是心房颤动射频消融术后晚期复发的独立危险因素。结论高血压或血压≥130/85 mm Hg、糖尿病或空腹血糖≥6.1 mmol·L~(-1)、持续性房颤、病程是射频消融术后复发的独立危险因素。     

心房颤动射频消融术后远期复发的预测指标

心房颤动是目前最常见的心律失常之一,随着年龄的增长其发病率和致死率也在升高.射频消融术是目前被认为治疗房颤安全系数最高的手段,而术后的远期复发一直是影响手术是否成功的关键因素.因此了解房颤射频消融术后远期复发的相关预测指标,对提高射频消融手术的成功率有着至关重要的作用,笔者对此做一综述加以总结.     

结缔组织生长因子、肝细胞生长因子与风湿性心脏病心房颤动患者心房纤维化的关系

目的:检测风湿性心脏病心房颤动患者心房组织中结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)、MAPKs信号通路分子的磷酸化水平,探讨房颤心房纤维化的可能分子机制.方法:21例风湿性心脏病患者于术中获取约200 mg的右心房肌组织,分为窦律(SR)组11例和房颤(AF)组10例.Masson病理染色观察心房纤维化,免疫组化测定心房肌组织中CTGF、HGF的蛋白表达,western blot测定心房肌组织中MAPKs信号通路分子的磷酸化水平.结果:与SR组比较,CTGF、MAPKs信号通路分子的磷酸化水平及胶原容积分数在AF组显著增加,而HGF的蛋白表达量显著降低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.001).结论:风湿性心脏病房颤患者心肌组织中CTGF的表达增加及HGF的表达降低,可能激活了MAPKs信号通路分子的磷酸化表达,从而促进心房纤维化,参与房颤的发生与维持.     

阵发性心房颤动患者血清CXCL12水平与导管射频消融术后复发的相关性分析

目的:分析阵发性心房颤动患者趋化因子配体12(CXCL12)水平与导管射频消融术后复发的相关性。方法:选取2014年3月—2017年11月我院接诊的阵发性心房颤动患者120例,均行导管射频消融术治疗,并检测血清CXCL12水平。统计术后1年疾病复发情况,比较复发患者及未复发患者手术前后血清CXCL12水平,并分析其与术后复发的相关性。结果:经1年随访发现,120例患者导管消融术后复发36例(30.00%),未复发84例(70.00%);复发组术前及术后1d时血清CXCL12水平均高于未复发组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);经Pearson分析,血清CXCL12水平与导管射频消融术后复发呈正相关(r=0.824,P <0.05)。结论:导管射频消融术前后血清CXCL12水平与阵发性心房颤动患者术后复发呈正相关,可通过其水平变化情况评估患者术后复发风险。     

慢性心房颤动射频消融术后应用氯沙坦联合胺碘酮治疗对心房颤动复发及心房结构的影响

目的观察慢性心房颤动射频消融术后口服氯沙坦联合胺碘酮治疗对心房颤动复发及心房结构的影响。方法拟行射频消融治疗的慢性心房颤动患者100例,随机分为射频消融组50例和射频消融+药物组(氯沙坦联合胺碘酮)50例。术后行动态心电图检查确定心律失常发作情况,超声心动图复查心脏结构和功能。结果电学隔离后15例患者转为窦性心律(射频消融组8例,射频消融+药物组7例),每组各有4例患者转为三尖瓣峡部相关心房扑动,消融三尖瓣峡部后转为窦性心律。其他患者通过进一步消融及电复律转为窦性心律。与射频消融组比较,射频消融加药物组术后1 a左心房前后径减小,而心功能无明显变化。随访过程中射频消融组心房颤动复发率为60.0%,射频消融加药物组心房颤动复发率为32.0%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论慢性心房颤动射频消融术后口服氯沙坦联合胺碘酮可有效维持窦性心律,使左心房前后径减小。     

局灶性心房颤动的射频导管消融治疗

目的 报道2侧局灶性房颤的射频消融结果。方法 常规穿刺置入冠状窦电极、希氏束电极，右室心尖电极和／或右房Halo电板，确定诱发房颤的房早起源的大致部位，对起源于左房者，穿刺房间隔，置入标测电板至左、右上肺静脉和左下肺静脉，确定起源后进行电隔离消融。结果 例1为阵发性房颤．起源于左上肺静脉，例2为“无休止性”房颤，起源于右房后侧游离壁。例1采用8mm大头消融电板，对左上肺静脉主干进行片状消融，功率20W，放电7次，消融成功。例2先采用最早激动部位消融未成，后改为“井”形线性消融，获得即刻成功。随访16和15个月，例1房颤未发作，例2术后15d房颤复发。术中、术后无并发症。结论 射频消融局灶性房颤是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

螺内酯对持续性房颤患者射频消融术后的临床疗效分析

目的观察螺内酯对持续性房颤患者射频消融术后的临床疗效及对左房内径的影响。方法选取2010年3月至2012年12月于郑州大学第一附属医院成功行射频消融术的持续性非瓣膜性心房颤动患者80例,随机分为对照组(40例)与螺内酯组(40例),对照组给予房颤术后常规治疗,实验组在常规治疗基础上加用螺内酯。两组均于术前和术后3、6、9、12个月复查24 h动态心电图(Holter)、超声心动图(记录左房内径)并记录房颤复发情况。结果经过平均12个月的随访,螺内酯组房颤复发13例,对照组房颤复发16例,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后两组左房内径均较术前有所减小,但螺内酯组减小更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论持续性房颤射频消融术后应用螺内酯可以通过缩小左房容积达到延缓左房重构及纤维化的作用,长期应用有减少房颤复发的趋势。     

导管射频消融治疗房颤40例临床分析

目的：探讨导管射频消融治疗房颤的疗效、安全性及复发的相关因素．方法：40例房颤患者,阵发性房颤35例,慢性房颤5例．3例行节段性肺静脉电隔离术,16例行Carto三维标测系统指导下的环肺静脉消融及（或）左房、右房线性消融,21例采用EnSite三维标测系统指导下的“7或O”型左房线性消融和（或）右房峡部消融．总结房颤消融的成功率和复发率、并发症发生情况．结果：射频消融的即刻成功率100％,3mo后判断手术成功率,所有患者一次手术成功率87．5％（35／40）,5例再发房扑或房速的患者中4例再次行射频消融术,两次术后仍有3例复发房扑,两次手术成功率90％（36／40）,3例两次术后再发房扑的患者中仅1例患者行第三次射频消融术．阵发性房颤一次手术成功率97．1％（34／35）,并发症发生率2．5％（1／40）,无严重并发症发生．术后复发者均为大折返房扑或房速,复发与患者发病时间长、持续性房颤、左心房大、患者年龄大、合并高血压病等有关．结论：房颤射频消融治疗房颤效果较好且安全．     

Limited posterior left atrial linear radiofrequency ablation for patients with chronic atrial fibrillation undergoing rheumatic valvular heart surgery

Since 1996, we have begun to successfully treat atrial fibrillation (AF) with the maze procedure, replacing surgical incisions with radiofrequency (RF) ablation.1,2 Recent data show that the posterior wall of the left atrium seems to be a critical area for the occurrence and the maintenance of AF in patients with valvular heart disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether limited surgical RF ablation of the posterior region of the left atrium is safe and effective in curing chronic AF in patients also suffering from valvular heart disease.     

Limited posterior left atrial linear radiofrequency ablation for patients with chronic atrial fibrillation undergoing rheumatic valvular heart surgery

Since 1996, we have begun to successfully treat atrial fibrillation (AF) with the maze procedure, replacing surgical incisions with radiofrequency (RF) ablation.^1,2 Recent data show that the posterior wall of the left atrium seems to be a critical area for the occurrence and the maintenance of AF in patients with valvular heart disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether limited surgical RF ablation of the posterior region of the left atrium is safe and effective in curing chronic AF in patients also suffering from valvular heart disease.     

Catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation with and without a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Background  It is unclear whether a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) would impact the effect of catheter ablation on persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). This study aimed to compare the effect of catheter ablation on persistent AF with and without a history of PAF.

Methods  One hundred and eighty-three patients underwent catheter ablation of persistent AF lasting for >1 month and were reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had a history of PAF or not. Group I consisted of persistent AF patients with a history of PAF, and group II consisted of persistent AF patients without such a history. All patients received catheter ablation focused on pulmonary vein isolation and were observed for arrhythmia recurrences, which were defined as documented episodes of AF or atrial tachycardia after a blanking period of 3 months.

Results  One hundred and three patients (60.9%) in group I and sixty-six patients (39.1%) in group II were successfully followed and included in analysis. There were no significant differences in clinical and echocardiographic characteristics between both groups except for a younger age and more male patients in group II. After (15.5±10.7) months of follow-up, 59 (57.3%) patients in group I and 49 (74.2%) patients in group II maintained sinus rhythm free of anti-arrhythmia drugs (P=0.025). Multivariate analyses found left atrial anteroposterior diameter (P=0.006) and persistent AF with a history of PAF (OR 1.792, 95% CI 1.019–3.152; P=0.043) as the only independent statistical predictors of arrhythmia recurrences.

Conclusion  The arrhythmia recurrence rate of catheter ablation based on pulmonary vein isolation in persistent AF with a history of PAF was higher than those without a history of PAF

     

射频消融术对心肌病阵发性心房颤动患者心脏逆重构的影响

目的：探讨导管射频消融术( RFCA )对心肌病阵发性心房颤动( PAF)患者心脏结构逆重构及生活质量的影响。方法62例PAF患者[左室舒张末径( LVEDD)男≥55 mm,女≥50 mm]均行环肺静脉隔离术为RFCA组。同期住院的相匹配的33例患者进行药物频率控制治疗(静息时心室率控制在60~80次/min,活动时<100次/min)为药物治疗组。入院72 h及心率达标时,术后6个月或频率控制6个月后分别行SF-36量表对患者进行生活质量评分,窦性心律下行经胸心脏彩超检查,测量患者的左房内径( LAD )、LVEDD、左室射血分数( LVEF)。结果 RFCA组患者术后第6个月LVEDD、LAD均较术前减小, LVEF增加差异有统计学意义(P<0．05)。药物治疗组患者LVEDD、LAD均较术前增加(P<0．05),LVEF变化不大。心理健康、躯体疼痛和总健康状况差异无统计学意义。 RFCA组和药物治疗组于社会功能、躯体功能、情感角色、躯体角色和精力有明显改善( P<0．05), RFCA组改善更明显( P<0．05)。结论心肌病PAF患者行RFCA术后维持窦性心律可以逆转患者的心脏重构,生活质量得到明显改善。     

改良迷宫射频消融治疗心房纤颤的临床研究

目的 通过总结心脏直视手术同期行心房纤颤（房颤）射频消融术的疗效,分析影响疗效的因素。方法 对161例伴有房颤的心外科患者手术同期以Cox's Maze Ⅲ为基础,其中轻度三尖瓣病变患者行单纯左心房消融（单房消融组,n=27）,中重度三尖瓣病变患者行双房消融（双房消融组,n=134）,分析两组消融成功率和术后并发症以及影响术后窦性心律恢复的因素。结果 所有的患者术后均得到随访,平均随访时间为（24.64±12.92）月。术后即刻心电监护显示：69.57%的患者恢复窦性心律,14.91%为结性心律;出院时75.78%的患者恢复窦性心律;术后6个月时81.37%的患者恢复窦性心律。单房消融组的窦性心律恢复率为77.78%,双房消融组为82.09%,两组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。多因素分析显示：心功能分级、术后射血分数、体外循环时间和主动脉阻断时间是术后影响能否转为窦性心律的主要因素（P<0.05）。结论 轻度三尖瓣病变的房颤患者采用单纯左心房消融,中重度三尖瓣病变患者采用双房消融,两者疗效相当。术前心功能分级、术中体外循环时间和主动脉阻断时间、术后射血分数是消融术后预测能否恢复窦性心律的主要因素。     

Single dose of ibutilide for conversion of persistent atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation

Background  Patients with persistent or permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) often need direct current cardioversion after radiofrequency ablation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and safety of ibutilide for cardioversion of persistent or permanent atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation and the factors related to conversion.

Methods  Patients with persistent or permanent atrial fibrillation were treated with combined ablation strategy including circumferential pulmonary vein isolation, linear ablation and CAFÉ potential ablation. If AF was not terminated after ablation, ibutilide was used for cardioversion (1 mg, intravenous injection in 10 minutes). These patients were divided into a conversion group and a non-conversion group according to whether AF was converted to sinus rhythm within 30 minutes after administration. ECG monitoring was performed during the injection of ibutilide. Atrial waves recorded by coronary sinus electrodes were measured for calculating average wavelength of AF waves in six seconds. The QT interval was measured immediately after conversion and 2 hours after injection of ibutilide.

Results  Forty patients whose AF was not converted to sinus rhythm after radiofrequency ablation were given an intravenous injection of ibutilide. Of the 40 patients, 29 cases were converted to sinus rhythm, with a conversion rate of 72.5%. The average conversion time was (13.2±5.5) minutes. Compared with the conversion group, patients in the non-conversion group had a longer history of AF (9.4±5.3) years vs. (4.3±2.8) years, P <0.05), and a markedly enlarged left atrium (47.3±2.9) mm vs. (42.1±4.5) mm, P <0.05). There were no significant differences in gender, age, body mass index and left ventricular function between the two groups. Ibutilide significantly prolonged the average wavelength of the AF wave (171.8±29.5) ms vs. (242.0±40.0) ms, P <0.001). Two hours after ibutilide treatment, the QT interval was significantly shortened (421.0±24.7) ms vs. (441.0±37.4) ms, P <0.05). No cases of serious arrhythmias or other adverse reactions were found.

Conclusions  A single dose of ibutilide for conversion of persistent or permanent AF after radiofrequency ablation is safe and effective.