PSI和CURB-65评分对老年社区获得性肺炎初始疗效的评估

目的研究肺炎严重度指数（PSI）和CURB-65评分对于评价老年社区获得性肺炎（CAP）患者初始抗生素治疗效果的作用。方法选取2008年1月12日首都医科大学宣武医院急诊科病房79例老年CAP患者,入院后第1天和第4天时分别进行PSI和CURB-65评分,根据治疗效果分为有效组和无效组,比较PSI和CURB-65评分的差别。结果 79例老年CAP患者PSI和CURB-65评分在治疗有效组显著下降,无效组显著上升。当两项指标联用时,敏感性和特异性均明显提高。结论检测入院后第1天和第4天的PSI和CURB-65评分的变化有助于判断老年CAP患者的初始治疗效果。     

常见评分系统对社区获得性肺炎预后的效果评价

目的探讨CURB-65评分、A-DROP评分、q-SOFA评分和中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)对社区获得性肺炎(CAP)死亡率的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2016年1月-2018年12月间安徽医科大学第二附属医院呼吸与危重医学科收治的196例CAP患者的临床资料,所有病例均符合纳入排除标准。入院后24 h内测量生命体征,并在抗生素治疗前收集患者静脉血,测定血清生化等指标,通过比较受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析CURB-65、A-DROP、q-SOFA和NLR对患者30 d死亡率的预测效能。结果196例患者30d死亡率为12.7%,CURB-65、A-DROP、q-SOFA和NLR预测死亡率的曲线下面积分别是0.73、0.63、0.69和0.69。结论CURB-65、A-DROP、q-SOFA和NLR均可用于CAP死亡率的预测。其中CURB-65预测效能最高,但易受到医疗条件的限制;qSOFA检测指标要求不高,利于CAP的快速分级。     

血清降钙素原和CURB-65评分以及APACHEⅡ评分对急诊老年社区获得性肺炎患者预后中的预测价值研究

目的 探讨PCT水平联合CURB-65评分系统以及APACHEⅡ评分系统快速评估急诊科老年重症CAP患者的严重程度。方法 选取2017年11月—2020年1月复旦大学附属华东医院急诊病房收住的101例CAP老年患者,依患者是否院内死亡分为存活组74例,死亡组27例。入院当天根据体检和实验室结果,计算患者的CURB-65评分、APACHEⅡ评分。比较2组CURB-65评分、APACHEⅡ评分及PCT之间的关系。绘制患者受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,简称ROC曲线),计算曲线下面积(area under the cure,AUC)、敏感度、特异度等指标。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2组患者在PCT、CURB-65评分上差异无统计学意义,但死亡组患者的APACHEⅡ评分高于存活组,且P无限接近于0。使用PCT、CURB-65评分、APACHEⅡ评分绘制患者的ROC曲线,其AUC分别为0.609 (95%CI 0.481～0.738)、0.727 (95%CI 0.608～0.846)、0.997 (95%C...     

NLR PCT和乳酸水平在社区获得性肺炎危险度分层中的预测价值

［摘要］　目的　探讨中性粒细胞计数/淋巴细胞计数（NLR）、血清降钙素原（PCT）和乳酸水平在社区获得性肺炎（CAP）患者疾病危险度分层评估中的价值。方法　选择2018年1月至2019年12月在该院诊断为CAP的282例老年患者作为研究对象,将患者按CURB65评分≤2分为低风险组（192例）,CURB65评分>2分为高风险组（90例）。采集血样后行血细胞计数,并计算NLR值,同时检测患者外周血PCT和乳酸水平。采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线比较NLR、PCT和乳酸诊断CAP疾病危险度分层的效能。结果　低风险组NLR、PCT和乳酸的检测值低于高风险组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。NLR判别高风险CAP（重症肺炎）的截断值为13.10,其曲线下面积（AUC）为0.88。血清乳酸预测高风险CAP的截断值为2.05 mmol/L,其AUC为0.89。PCT预测高风险CAP的截断值为1.25 ng/ml,其AUC为0.95,灵敏度和特异度分别为84.40%和94.34%,约登指数为0.79。3种指标均能较好地预测CAP患者疾病危险度,以PCT为最佳预测独立因子。结论　NLR、PCT和乳酸是预测CAP病情分层的较好生物标志物,以PCT为最佳。     

CD64、CRP、PCT及NLR对儿童社区获得性肺炎的诊断价值

目的探讨中性粒细胞CD64、C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)及中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)在儿童社区获得性肺炎(CAP)中的诊断价值。方法选取海口市人民医院收治的CAP患儿186例,依据病原体不同分为细菌性肺炎组(95例),支原体肺炎组(43例)和病毒性肺炎组(48例)。细菌性肺炎患儿依据入院病情严重程度分为轻症组(75例)和重症组(20例)。采用流式细胞术检测外周血中性粒细胞CD64的表达,同时检测CRP、PCT及NLR水平。应用ROC曲线分析CD64、CRP、PCT及NLR水平对细菌性肺炎的诊断价值。结果细菌性肺炎组治疗前CD64(8.85±3.40 vs 2.26±0.74,2.42±0.95,2.38±0.80)、CRP(38.62±8.50 vs 3.25±0.96,3.42±1.15,4.16±1.53,mg/L)、PCT(6.17±1.40 vs 0.15±0.03,0.34±0.12,0.62±0.28,ng/mL)及NLR(7.84±3.25 vs 2.05±0.96,1.37±0.62,2.48±1.16)水平均明显高于对照组、病毒性肺炎组和支原体肺炎组(P<0.01)。细菌性肺炎患儿治疗后CD64(2.70±1.06 vs 8.85±3.40)、CRP(4.63±1.58 vs 38.62±8.50,mg/L)、PCT(0.21±0.06 vs 6.17±1.40,ng/mL)及NLR(2.28±1.07 vs 7.84±3.25)水平均明显低于治疗前(P<0.01)。重症细菌性肺炎患儿CD64(10.42±4.36 vs 7.60±2.58)、CRP(43.25±10.47 vs 34.85±8.16,mg/L)、PCT(9.26±2.18 vs 4.62±1.15,ng/mL)及NLR(9.75±4.12 vs 6.53±2.90)水平均明显高于轻症细菌性肺炎(P<0.01)。ROC曲线分析显示,CD64、CRP、PCT及NLR单项指标诊断细菌性肺炎的最佳截值分别为3.25、14.80 mg/L、1.83 ng/mL、4.37,四项联合诊断细菌性肺炎的AUC(0.948,95%CI:0.887~0.992)最大,其敏感度和特异度为96.2%和89.3%。Pearson相关分析显示,细菌性肺炎患儿CD64与CRP、PCT及NLR呈正相关(r=0.573、0.729、0.536,P<0.01),CRP与PCT及NLR呈正相关(r=0.602、0.497,P<0.01),PCT与NLR呈正相关(r=0.514,P<0.01)。结论CD64、CRP、PCT及NLR四项联合检测有助于提高细菌性肺炎的诊断价值,并可作为判断CAP患儿病情严重程度的实验室指标。     

血液相关标志物在社区获得性肺炎病程中的表达及意义

目的研究社区获得性肺炎(community-acquired pneumonia,CAP)患者治疗过程中血液相关标志物水平,探讨其在疾病转归中的意义。方法选取2017年2月—2018年1月我院收治的76例CAP患者作为研究对象,根据CURB-65评分,将其分为高危组、中危组和低危组,检测患者入院时(24 h内)及抗感染治疗后5 d血液中超敏C反应蛋白(hyper-sensitive C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)、降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、红细胞体积分布宽度(red blood cell distribution width,RDW)以及中性粒细胞淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,NLR),比较分析上述指标与CAP严重程度及疗效的相关性。结果入院时,高危组hs-CRP、PCT、RDW和NLR的表达水平分别为(8.82±2.10)mg/L、(14.16±3.46)ng/ml、(16.28±3.46)%、7.38±1.84,明显高于中危组和低危组(P均<0.05);治疗5 d后,中危组和低危组血液hs-CRP、PCT、RDW和NLR水平逐渐下降,高危组则呈上升趋势(P均<0.05);hs-CRP、PCT、RDW和NLR与CURB-65评分均呈正相关(P均<0.05)。结论血液相关标志物hs-CRP、PCT、RDW和NLR均与CAP严重程度呈正相关,有助于提高临床医生对CAP患者病情严重程度判断的准确性。     

肺炎严重度指数、CURB-65评分和血清降钙素原对老年社区获得性肺炎病情及预后的评估价值

目的 探讨肺炎严重度指数（pneumonia severity index,PSI）、CURB-65评分和血清降钙素原（procalcitonin,PCT）评估老年社区获得性肺炎（community acquired pneumonia,CAP）住院患者病情严重程度及预后的价值.方法 选取入住江苏省盐城市第三人民医院呼吸内科CAP患者191例,用PSI、CURB-65评分系统进行评估,同时测定患者PCT.比较两种评分系统、血清PCT对患者病情严重程度以及患者预后的价值（患者住院30 d后的存活情况）.结果 PSI低风险组79例,中风险组90例,高风险组22例,血清PCT中位数分别为0.27 ng/mL、0.41 ng/mL、1.13 ng/mL,30 d死亡人数分别为4、12、10例,30d死亡率分别为5.1％、13.3％、45.5％. CURB-65评分低风险组85例,中风险组90例,高风险组16例,血清PCT中位数分别为0.22 ng/mL,0.45 ng/mL,0.69 ng/mL,30 d死亡人数分别为6、13、7例;30d死亡率分别为7.1％、14.4％、43.8％.死亡组PSI、CURB65评分及血清PCT中位数明显高于存活组（P＜0.001）;3个风险组血清PCT水平存在显著差异,随着风险级别的增高,血清PCT水平明显升高（P＜0.001）.结论 PSI、CURB-65评分和血清PCT可有效评估老年CAP患者病情严重程度及预后.     

CURB-65评分联合血镁预测2型糖尿病合并社区获得性肺炎患者住院期间死亡的价值

目的 探讨CURB-65评分联合血镁预测2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并社区获得性肺炎(CAP)患者住院期间死亡的价值.方法 回顾性纳入2016年6月至2020年6月于南京中医药大学附属医院住院治疗的526例T2DM合并CAP患者.根据患者住院期间生存状况将其分为存活组486例和死亡组40例.通过医院电子病历系统提取患者入院...     

降钙素原在老年社区获得性肺炎的临床应用价值

目的评价降钙素原(PCT)在老年社区获得性肺炎(CAP)的临床应用价值。方法以124例老年CAP为研究对象,观察不同严重程度老年CAP患者PCT变化情况,研究PCT与肺炎严重指数(PSI)及CURB-65评分相关性,并比较不同病原体引起CAP患者PCT的检测情况。结果重症肺炎组、普通肺炎组及对照组PCT均有统计学差异(P0.05);PCT与PSI(r=0.533,P0.05)、CURB-65评分(r=0.698,P0.05)均呈正相关;124例CAP患者血细菌培养阳性患者PCT高于血细菌培养阴性患者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在老年CAP患者中PCT能较好的反映患者的病情严重程度,对病原体的初判及抗生素的合理使用均有重要临床应用价值。     

监测血浆N末端B型钠尿肽前体联合CURB-65评分对社区获得性重症肺炎预后评估的价值

目的 探讨血浆N末端B型钠尿肽前体(NT-proBNP)联合CURB-65评分对社区获得性重症肺炎近期(28 d)预后的评估价值.方法 采用回顾性临床研究,研究对象为2010年3月至2013年3月本院ICU就诊的社区获得性重症肺炎患者74例,入院后2h内即检测NT-proBNP,并进行CURB-65评分,根据28 d预后将患者分为成活组(50例)和死亡组(24例),对两组的NT-proBNP及CURB-65评分进行比较,并将NT-proBNP与CURB-65评分联合对预后进行评估.结果 死亡组在入院当日NT-proBNP水平为(2 872.80±790.16) μg/L,CURB-65评分为(3.57±1.04)分,显著高于成活组[(1 739.53±803.55) μg/L,(2.53±0.958)分,t值分别为2.865、2.06,P＜0.01或＜0.05].监测NT-proBNP、CURB-65评分以1 761.22 μg/L、3分为截断值时诊断敏感度及特异度分别为83％、64％及79％、76％,ROC曲线下面积分别为0.75 (95％ CI:63.3％～86.9％)及0.76(95％ CI:63.9％～88.4％).2种指标联合诊断敏感度及特异度分别为87％、91％,ROC曲线下面积为0.92.结论 监测NT-proBNP与CURB-65评分同样具有较好的预测社区获得性重症肺炎患者预后的价值,特别是将两者联合进行评估,有更好的敏感性与特异性,值得临床推广.     

Comparison of severity scoring systems A-DROP and CURB-65 for community-acquired pneumonia

Background and objective:   The initial assessment of the severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is important for patient management. The Japanese Respiratory Society (JRS) has proposed a 6-point scale (0–5) to assess the clinical severity of CAP. The A-DROP scoring system assesses the following parameters: (i) A ge (male ≥ 70 years, female ≥ 75 years); (ii) D ehydration (blood urea nitrogen (BUN) ≥ 210 mg/L); (iii) R espiratory failure (SaO₂ ≤ 90% or PaO₂ ≤ 60 mm Hg); (iv) O rientation disturbance (confusion); and (v) low blood P ressure (systolic blood pressure ≤ 90 mm Hg). A-DROP is a modified version of CURB-65 (confusion, BUN > 7 mmol/L (200 mg/L), respiratory rate ≥ 30/min, low blood pressure (diastolic ≤ 60 mm Hg or systolic < 90 mm Hg, and age ≥ 65 years) proposed by the British Thoracic Society. However, validation of A-DROP has not been attempted nor has it been compared with CURB-65. The aim of this study was to confirm that A-DROP is equivalent to CURB-65 for predicting severity of CAP.
Methods:   A retrospective observational study was conducted of patients with CAP hospitalized at a single centre between November 2005 and January 2007. The 30-day mortality after admission was compared following assessment of severity using the A-DROP and CURB-65 scoring systems.
Results:   Three-hundred and twenty-nine patients were evaluated. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.846 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.790–0.903) and 0.835 (95% CI: 0.763–0.908) for A-DROP and CURB-65, respectively.
Conclusion:   The JRS A-DROP can be used to assess severity of CAP, and gives similar results to CURB-65.     

Low CURB-65 is of limited value in deciding discharge of patients with community-acquired pneumonia

Background

The relationship between clinical judgment and indications of the CURB-65 score in deciding the site-of-care for patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate reasons for hospitalization of CAP patients with CURB-65 score of 0 and 1.

Methods

An observational, retrospective study of consecutive CAP patients was performed at the Fondazione Cà Granda, Milan, Italy, between January 2005 and December 2006. The medical records of hospitalized patients with CAP having a CURB-65 score of 0 and 1 were identified and reviewed to determine whether there existed a clinical basis to justify hospitalization.

Results

Among the 580 patients included in the study, 218 were classified with a CURB-65 score of 0 or 1. Among those, 127 were hospitalized, and reasons that justified hospitalization were found in 104 (83%) patients. Main reasons for hospitalization included the presence of hypoxemia on admission (35%), failure of outpatient therapy (14%) and the presence of cardiovascular events on admission (9.7%). Used as the sole indicator for inappropriate hospitalization, the CURB-65 score had a poor positive predictive value of 52%.

Conclusions

Although the CURB-65 has been proposed as a tool to guide the site of care decision by international guidelines, this score is not ideal by itself, and should not be regarded as providing decision support information if a score of 0 and 1 is present. In CAP patients with CURB-65 scores of 0 or 1, further evaluations should be performed and completed by clinical judgment.     

Performance of PSI, CURB-65, and SCAP scores in predicting the outcome of patients with community-acquired and healthcare-associated pneumonia

The objective was to compare three score systems, pneumonia severity index (PSI), the Confusion-Urea-Respiratory Rate-Blood pressure-65 (CURB-65), and severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP), for prediction of the outcomes in a cohort of patients with community-acquired (CAP) and healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP). Large multi-center, prospective, observational study was conducted in 55 hospitals. HCAP patients were included in the high classes of CURB-65, PSI and SCAP scores have a mortality rate higher than that of CAP patients. HCAP patients included in the low class of the three severity rules have a significantly higher incidence of adverse events, including development of septic shock, transfer into an ICU, and death (p < 0.01). At multivariate Cox regression analysis, inclusion in the severe classes of PSI, CURB-65, or SCAP scores and receipt of an empirical therapy not adherent to international guidelines prove to be risk factors independently associated with poor outcome. PSI, CURB-65, and SCAP score have a good performance in patients with CAP but are less useful in patients with HCAP, especially in patients classified in the low-risk classes.     

改良CURB-65评分联合凝溶胶蛋白对评估重症肺炎的临床研究

目的探讨改良CURB-65评分联合凝溶胶蛋白对评估急诊重症肺炎患者预后的临床意义。方法78例重症肺炎患者按疾病转归分为存活组48例和死亡组30例,比较联合应用改良CURB-65评分和凝溶胶蛋白与肺炎严重程度评估量表(PSI)对评估患者预后的临床价值。结果 1改良CURB-65评分及血清凝溶胶蛋白水平对重症肺炎患者预后均有临床意义(P0.05,P0.05),PSI评分组间差异更为显著(P0.01);2改良CURB-65评分联合凝溶胶蛋白预测与PSI评分预测结果进行Kappa检验,两者具有一致性(Kappa值0.804,P0.05)。结论改良CURB-65评分联合凝溶胶蛋白对评估急诊重症肺炎患者预后具有重要临床意义,因其简单易用,而PSI相对复杂,故前者更适合急诊临床运用。     

降钙素原对老年重症社区获得性肺炎预后及病情的预测研究

目的分析血清降钙素原(PCT)水平对老年重症社区获得性肺炎(Community-acquired pneumonia,CAP)预后及病情严重程度的预测价值。方法以我院住院的老年重症CAP患者87例为研究对象,收集其临床资料,根据入院后28天生存情况分为死亡组和存活组。并按CURB、PSI评分标准分组,比较不同分组间入院第1天、第4天PCT水平(PCT1、PCT4)及其变化水平(PCT4-1)的差异。分析死亡组与存活组在PCT1、PCT4、PCT4-1、CURB≥3分、PSI≥4级5项因素方面的差异,在其中筛选死亡的独立危险因素。用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)下面积(AUC)评估各项独立危险因素单独及联合应用预测28天生存情况的效能,并对各项因素的预测效能进行比较。结果死亡组PCT4显著高于存活组。死亡组PCT4-1水平显著高于存活组,死亡组为正值,存活组为负值,即死亡组PCT4较PCT1在升高,而存活组已在下降。PCT1、PCT4水平在CURB≥3组显著高于CURB3组。PCT4、PCT4-1、CURB≥3分三项因素为死亡的独立危险因素,其预测死亡的AUC值分别为0.8768、0.7995、0.7054,PCT4、PCT4-1 AUC值无显著差异,但PCT4的AUC值显著高于CURB≥3分,三项因素合并的AUC值为0.853,显著高于CURB≥3分,其预测死亡的敏感度为81.1%,特异度为90.0%。结论动态监测血清PCT水平,对判断老年重症CAP的预后及病情严重程度有一定价值。