Coronarotropic properties of cyclic GABA derivative TZ-146

In the experiments on isolated contracting, fibrillating, and strophanthin K-arrested cat hearts, TZ-146, cyclic derivative of gamma aminobutyric acid enhanced the outflow of perfusate. When testedin vivo, this preparation increased the indices of phasic coronary blood flow in dogs, surpassing the effects of reactive hyperemia, which characterizes the dilatory capacity of coronary vessels. Pharmacological analysis and experiments with bilateral vagotomy in cats and dogs suggest that coronarotropic effects of TZ-146 can result from activation of adenylate cyclase and accumulation of cAMP. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 8, pp. 200–203, August, 1999     

Antiarrhythmic activity of GABA derivative TZ-50-2

The GABA derivative TZ-50-2 exerted pronounced antiarrhythmic effects on a variety of arrhythmias (atrial, ventricular, and mixed). The drug was superior (or at least comparable) to quinidine, procainamide, lidocaine, verapamil, bonnecor, and other reference drugs in antiarrhythmic activity and therapeutic range, and showed no cardiotoxicity. The antiarrhythmic effects of TZ-50-2 were due to modulation of calcium and sodium channels. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 4, pp. 415–418, April, 1999     

Effects of GABA derivative TZ-50-2 on the autonomic nervous system

GABA derivative TZ-50-2 (4-oxy-3-benzylamino-N-benzylbutanamide hemisuccinate) with pronounced neurotropic (anticonvulsive and local anesthetic) and cardiotonic (antiarrhythmic and antianginal) activities produced a transient facilitation followed by a long-term inhibition of nerve transmission in the parasympathetic and, especially, sympathetic ganglia in acute experiments on cats. TZ-50-2 reduced sensitivity of adrenal chromaffin cells and cholinoreceptors of the carotid glomeruli to cytisine. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii I Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 2, pp. 189–193, February, 2000     

Antiarrhythmic effect of GABA derivative TZ-50-2 in neurogenic atrial fibrillation

In experiments on anesthetized cats, GABA derivative TZ-50-2 (4-oxy-3-benzylamino-N-benzylbutanamide hemisuccinate) produced a pronounced antiarrhythmic effect during neurogenic atrial fibrillation, in which the key role was played by a depriming action on vagal innervation of the heart. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 3, pp. 302–303, March, 2000     

Effect of the neurotoxin MPTP on behavior and cerebral content of neurotransmitters in mice

We compared the effects of the dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on exploratory behavior and conditioning in C57B1 and outbred animals. Two intraperitoneal injections of MPTP suppressed the orienting and exploratory behavior in C57B1 (reductions of both horizontal and vertical motor activity), but not in outbred mice, and impaired conditioning. The data indicate the dopaminergic nature of learning disturbances and suggest that the MPTP model may hold a lot of promise for the search for new drugs for the treatment of cognitive disorders in Parkinsonism. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 11, pp. 532–534, November, 1999     

Effect of mexidol on the content of transmitter monoamines and amino acids in rat brain structures

The content of two major classes of neurotransmitters (monoamines and amino acids) and their main metabolites is measured in rats at certain intervals afterper os administration of mexidol (150 mg/kg). The level of dopamine and of its metabolite dihydroxyphenylacetic acid is found to be considerably elevated in the frontal cortex, suggesting a pronounced cortical component in the mechanism of action of mexidol. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 2, pp. 170–173, February, 1996 Presented by M. M. Khananashvili; Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Metabolism of neurotransmitters in cortical and subcortical brain structures in rats with different behavioral characteristics

Experiments were performed on Wistar rats with high and low locomotor activities. In rats with high locomotor activity, activities of acetylcholine transferase, acetylcholine esterase, and monoamine oxidase A increased in the subcellular fractions of the sensorimotor cortex and arcuate nucleus, while monoamine oxidase B activity decreased compared to those in rats with low locomotor activity. The peculiarities of neurotransmitter systems in brain structures of rats with different behavioral patterns were related to genetic and functional organization of the central nervous system. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 9, pp. 289–291, September, 2000     

Metabolism of neurotransmitters in cortical and subcortical brain structures in rats with different behavioral characteristics

Experiments were performed on Wistar rats with high and low locomotor activities. In rats with high locomotor activity, activities of acetylcholine transferase, acetylcholine esterase, and monoamine oxidase A increased in the subcellular fractions of the sensorimotor cortex and arcuate nucleus, while monoamine oxidase B activity decreased compared to those in rats with low locomotor activity. The peculiarities of neurotransmitter systems in brain structures of rats with different behavioral patterns were related to genetic and functional organization of the central nervous system. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 130, No. 9, pp. 289–291, September, 2000     

Activity of antioxidant enzymes in the limbic reticular structures of rat brain after short-term immobilization

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 6, pp. 612–614, June, 1993     

Effect of lithium hydroxybutyrate on circadian rhythms of brain serotonin content and plasma corticosteroids in reserpine-treated mice

Lithium hydroxybutyrate (10 mg/kg daily for 10 days, intramuscularly) administered in the morning prevents reserpine-induced depression of the diurnal steroidogenesis in mice and the development of desynchronosis between circadian rhythms of serotonin in the brain and plasma corticosteroids. Evening injections result in the formation of phase-discordant 24-h periodicities, the mean values of the studied parameters being unaffected. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 7, pp. 101–105, July, 1997     

Effects of hyperbaric oxygen on lipid peroxidation and content of phospholipids in rat brain

Exposure to absolute oxygen pressure of 3 and 5 bar revealed hemispheric and interhemispheric differences in lipid peroxidation and the content of phospholipids in rat brain. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 9, pp. 261–263, September, 1999     

Effect of hydrocortisone on amine content in the thymus

Intraperitoneal injection of 2.5% hydrocortisone suspension (0.5 ml) changes the content of biogenic amines in different lobule zones and thymocytes of high animals. The content of norepinephrine and serotonin increases in luminescent cells of the subcapsular and premedullary zones and decreases in mast cells. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 6, pp. 677–679, June, 1997     

Effect of the tetrapeptide tuftsin on the bioelectrical activity of brain structures in cats with different functional states of the central nervous system

The tetrapeptide tuftsin (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg) injected intraperitoneally into cats altered the bioelectrical activity of sensory, motor, and limbicoreticular structures in the wakeful state, during two different phases of sleep, and also when the caudate nucleus was electrically stimulated. In wakefulness and during REM sleep, absolute values of the electroencephalographic power spectrum were increased in all the brain structures under study, while during slow-wave sleep they were increased in the sensorimotor cortical areas and decreased in the central medial thalamic nuclei and hippocampus. Tuftsin facilitated the genesis of slow waves in subcortical structures and the expression of theta waves in the hippocampus. It also increased the amplitude of evoked potentials and elongated spindles when the caudate nucleus was stimulated. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, vol. 119, N ^o 4, pp. 365–368, April, 1995     

Effect of diquertin on platelet content of cyclic nucleotides

The effects of diquertin on the content of cyclic nucleotides in human platelets was studied. Diquertin in a concentration of 5 mM increased the content of cAMP and cGMP in native and thrombin-activated platelets probably due to inhibition of phosphodiesterase. Increasing the concentration of diquertin above 5 mM did not potentiate this effect. The antiaggregation effect of diquertin was probably associated with the increase in platelet levels of cyclic nucleotides. Translated from Byulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny,Vol. 128, No. 9, pp. 267–269, September, 1999     

Effect of the γ-aminobytyric acid derivative TZ-50-2 on systemic and cardiac hemodynamics and size of myocardial necrosis

The linear derivative of γ-aminobutyric acid TZ-50-2 (4-hydroxy-3-benzylamino-N-benzyl-butanamide hemisuccinate) stimulates coronary circulation (particularly in the left ventricular myocardium) in intact cats, decreases vascular resistance, stimulates the blood flow in ischemic endo- and mesocardium, and decreases (similarly as perlinganite, obsidan, and finoptin) the necrotic zone area in experimental myocardial infarction. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 12, pp. 662–665, December, 1998     

Effects of regulatory peptides on changes in the content of brain stem catecholamine in rats during hypoxia and hemorrhage

Effects of regulatory peptides FMRFa, thyroliberin, and Semax (ACTH_4–10 analogue) on changes in the content of biogenic amines in rat brain stem observed 1 and 20 min after termination of hypoxia and 5 min after bloodletting (hemorrhage) were studied. The content of norepinephrine decreased to 82% of the control level 20 min after hypobaric hypoxia, while preliminary administration of the peptide complex abolished this effect. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 11, pp. 518–520, November, 1999     

Effect of single and repeated administration of high-molecular-weight heparin in low doses on brain content of neurotransmitters in wistar rats

We demonstrated high sensitivity of the brain neurotransmitter system to high-molecular-weight heparin in Wistar rats. Single and repeated administration of heparin modulated the content of monoamines and neurotransmitter amino acids in the hippocampus, striatum, and cerebral cortex. Antistress activity of high-molecular-weight heparin and its positive effects on memory under experimental conditions suggest that this preparation in low doses can be used in the therapy of neurological and age-related diseases. __________ Translated from Byulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 141, No. 5, pp. 537–539, May, 2006     

Effect of opioid lymphostimulation on the microcirculation in pial vessels of the ischemized rat brain

The response of pial vessels to i.p. administration of leu-enkephalin (at 40 μg/kg) is studied biomicroscopically in the control, before and after bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries. Leu-enkephalin causes chiefly the narrowing of pial arterioles and does not affect venule diameter. The effect of leu-enkephalin on occlusion of the common carotid arteries manifests itself in the preservation of circulation stability, the narrowing of some arterioles, and in the decrease of the degree of dilation. These changes occur against the background of lowered arterial pressure, bradycardia, increased local circulation in the brain cortex by 50–70%, intensification of the lymph flow in micro- and macrovessels, and the absence of mortality of animals in the first hours of occlusion of the arteries. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 1, pp. 100–105, January, 1995 Presented by G. N. Kryzhanovskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Effect of serotonin deficiency on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system in rat fetuses

Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone drops in the hypothalamus of male but not female rat fetuses in serotonin (5-HT) deficiency. This drop is coincident with an increase of the luteinizing hormone (LH) level in blood plasma of males. An influence of testosterone on LH-RH or LH secretion should be ruled out, because the level of testosterone is not changed in the testes and blood plasma. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol.117, N ^o 6, pp. 616–618, June, 1994 Presented by I. B. Zbarskii, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993