Effects of red ginseng upon vascular endothelial function in patients with essential hypertension

This study is to estimate the effect of Korean red ginseng on vascular endothelial cell dysfunction in patients with hypertension. Seventeen patients with hypertension who were divided into ginseng-treated (7) and non-treated (10) groups and 10 normotensive subjects were included. To assess the function of the vascular endothelial cell, changes of forearm blood flow to infusion of acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and bradykinin in incremental doses were measured by venous occlusion plethysmography. In the ginseng-treated hypertensive group, forearm blood flows at the highest dose of acetylcholine and bradykinin were significantly higher than those of the non-treated hypertensive group and were not different from those of the control group. In the case of sodium nitroprusside infusion, no significant differences were observed between the control, non-treated and treated groups. In conclusion, Korean red ginseng can improve the vascular endothelial dysfunction in patients with hypertension possibly through increasing synthesis of nitric oxide.     

养正合剂改善乳腺癌术后化疗者不适及对患者细胞因子、红细胞免疫的影响

目的:观察养正合剂改善乳腺癌术后化疗者机体不适感及对患者细胞因子、红细胞免疫状态的影响。方法:选取乳腺癌术后化疗者120例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各60例。对照组一般支持治疗联合康艾注射液、观察组一般支持治疗联合养正合剂。观察和比较两组患者化疗前后机体不适症状及血常规、细胞因子、红细胞免疫状态。结果:化疗后,观察组恶心呕吐、食欲下降评分高于化疗前,对照组疲乏、恶心呕吐、呼吸困难、失眠、食欲下降、腹泻评分高于化疗前;观察组不适症状评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。化疗后,观察组WBC计数低于化疗前,对照组WBC计数低于化疗前,TNF-α、IL-6水平高于化疗前;观察组WBC计数高于对照组,TNF-α、IL-6水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。化疗后,观察组FEER水平低于化疗前、FEIR和RBC-ICR水平高于化疗前,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。且观察组FEER水平高于对照组,FEIR和RBC-ICR水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:养正合剂通过减少乳腺癌术后化疗者机体炎性细胞因子大量释放、改善红细胞免疫状态,利于减轻患者术后化疗者疲乏无力等机体不适感且效果显著、作用确切,不失为一种有效的联合干预方法。     

PN在胃癌术后的临床应用

目的：观察肠外营养（PN）对胃癌术后病人的疗效。方法：将86例病人随机分成两组,即对照组42例,用常规补液;PN组44例,用PN治疗。结果：1、PN可提高病人体力状况,减少体重下降幅度,降低白细胞数升高幅度,与对照组比较差异显著（P〈0．01）;2、PN组的病人吻合口瘘的发生率为0,肺部感染发生率为4．55％,胸腔积液发生率为4．55％,切口愈合不良发生率为0;对照组的病人吻合口瘘的发生率为7．14％,肺部感染发生率为28．57％,胸腔积液发生率为19．05％,切口愈合不良发生率为7．14％,两组比较差异显著（P〈0．01）。结论：胃癌术后PN治疗可明显降低吻合口瘘及肺部感染等术后并发症,有利于病人康复。     

胃癌与机体免疫的关系

胃癌是发生在胃上皮组织的恶性肿瘤，较常见，好发于胃窦部、小弯侧。其起病隐匿，早期常因无明显症状而漏诊。易转移，易复发，预后差。可发生在任何年龄，以50～60岁居多，男性多于女性。我国胃癌发病率高，其病死率居各种恶性肿瘤之首，故胃癌是一个严重危害我国人民健康的常见病，应引起高度重视。然而胃癌的发病原因至今仍不很清楚，考虑是内外因素综合作用的结果，其中机体免疫状态的改变对胃癌的发生及病情进展有一定影响。     

红参皂苷组分对大鼠血浆中神经化学物质的影响

目的考察红参皂苷组分A和B对大鼠血浆中15种神经化学物质水平的影响。方法将红参总皂苷经大孔吸附树脂分离纯化制备得到皂苷组分A和B,采用高效液相色谱-质谱法(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS)测定其中皂苷成分的组成和量,并采用超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆质谱(UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS)测定大鼠血浆中多巴胺(DA)、肾上腺素(E)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、5-羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)、酪氨酸(Tyr)、甘氨酸(Gly)、谷氨酸(Glu)、谷氨酰胺(Gln)、天冬氨酸(Asp)、牛磺酸(Tau)、丝氨酸(Ser)、色氨酸(Try)、乙酰胆碱(Ach)、组胺(His)共15种神经化学物质的量及其变化情况。结果通过对皂苷组成和量与神经化学物质之间的内在联系分析,发现组分A和B在皂苷成分组成方面存在明显差异,极性较大皂苷类成分主要集中在组分A中,而组分B中含有的皂苷成分极性相对较小。组分A各剂量组的大鼠血浆中Ach、Tau、Glu、Gln、Asp、Tyr、E、NE、DA的量升高,组分B各剂量组的大鼠血浆中Gly、His、5-HT、Ser、5-HIAA、Try的量显著升高,并且与给药剂量呈正相关趋势,提示极性较大皂苷组分可提高兴奋性神经化学物质的量,而极性较小皂苷组分表现为提高抑制性神经化学物质的量。结论红参皂苷对中枢神经化学物质的量具有调节作用,极性较小的皂苷组分与保持大脑活动、改善记忆功能、防止脑部疲劳、维持觉醒状态和神经系统抗衰老等作用相关性较大,而极性较大的皂苷组分与调节精神节律、削弱应激反应和改善睡眠等作用相关性较大。     

附子理中汤加减对脾肾阳虚型胃癌术后化疗患者血清肿瘤标志物的影响

目的:探究附子理中汤加减对胃癌(脾肾阳虚型)术后化疗患者血清肿瘤标志物和生命质量的影响。方法:采用计算机随机数字法将132例胃癌(脾肾阳虚型)患者分为观察组和对照组各66例。对照组患者在术后予以支持对症治疗和化疗治疗(奥沙利铂+卡培他滨),观察组患者在对照组基础上予以附子理中汤加减治疗。比较两组患者近期疗效差异,观察治疗前后生活质量[Karnofsky评分(KPS)]、T细胞(CD_4~+Th17、CD_4~+CD_(25)~+Treg、Th17/Treg)、血清肿瘤标记物[细胞角蛋白19血清片段21-1(CYFRA21-1)、人附睾蛋白4(HE4)、血清重组穿透素-3(Pentraxin-3)、甲状腺转录因子-1(TTF-1)]等指标变化情况,记录不良反应发生率。结果:观察组患者治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗12周后,两组患者CD_4~+Th17水平、血清CYFRA21-1、HE4、Pentraxin-3、TTF-1水平均较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05),KPS评分、CD_4~+CD_(25)~+Treg、Th17/Treg水平较治疗前升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者总不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:脾肾阳虚型胃癌患者术后化疗时服用附子理中汤加减可明显改善患者临床症状和生活质量,阻止肿瘤进展,提高细胞免疫,且安全性高。     

基于提取效率和成本控制的红参提取工艺多目标优化研究

该文使用实验设计的理念对红参提取工艺进行多目标优化研究,实现在操作空间内提取单位药效物质的成本最低。实验以红参提取液总皂苷提取量及提取物纯度为指标,以一提时间、一提溶剂倍量、二提时间、二提溶剂倍量为控制条件,采用Box-Behnken实验设计,建立指标模型;同时,以溶剂成本和能耗成本构建成本模型;通过指标和成本两者之比建立目标函数用以反应单位指标所需成本,最后通过相关约束条件求解最优提取工艺。最优提取工艺条件为一提时间108.7 min、一提溶剂倍量12、二提时间30 min、二提溶剂倍量8,此时提取每1 mg皂苷所需成本最低。结果表明,该方法可用于参考指导实际红参提取过程的多目标综合优化。     

Effects of red ginseng extract on sleeping behaviors in human volunteers

Ethnopharmacological relevence

The ginseng root has been traditionally used as a sedative in oriental countries. However, the condition “ginseng abuse syndrome” (GAS), defined as hypertension, nervousness, sleeplessness, skin eruption, and morning diarrhea, was coined as a result of a study of people who had been using a variety of ginseng preparations. However, we reported that administration of RGE increased rapid eye movement (REM) and non rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep via GABAergic systems in animals. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate how red ginseng extract (RGE) affects sleeping behaviors in human volunteers.

Materials and methods

RGE (1500 mg) was orally administered to young male healthy volunteers (from 15 to 37 years old ages, n=15) three times a day for 7 days. Overnight polysomnographic (PSG) studies were performed two times, 1 day before and 7 days after RGE administration. We investigated differences in sleep architecture parameters such as total sleep time (TST), sleep efficacy (SE: total sleep time/time in bed), proportion of each sleep stage, and wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) between baseline PSG and PSG after RGE administration.

Results

Total wake time (TWT) was significantly reduced (P<0.05) and SE was increased (P<0.05), although slow wave sleep stage 1 (N1) was reduced (P<0.01) and non-rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was increased (P<0.03) after administration.

Conclusion

From these results, it is presumed that RGE intake would improve the quality of sleep, thus having beneficial effects on sleep disturbed subjects.     

针药结合恢复胃癌术后患者胃肠功能的研究

目的:观察针药结合恢复胃癌术后患者胃肠功能的临床疗效.方法:将做胃癌根治性手术后的90例患者按手术先后顺序随机分成常规组、中药组、针药组3组,每组30例.常规组给予术后常规处理;中药组给予术后常规处理和营养管推入四磨汤口服液;针药组在中药组治疗的基础上给予温针灸治疗.术后10天评价疗效.结果:针药组肠功能恢复时间较常规组和中药组明显缩短(P＜0.05).针药组在纳差、排便困难等临床症状改善方面优于常规组和中药组(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).针药组术后10天淋巴细胞数、淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞的百分比分布正常者例数多于常规组和中药组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论:针药组具有促进术后患者早排气排便、改善临床症状和良性调节外周白细胞的作用.     

Effects of Yishenjiangzhuo granules on immunity and bone metabolism in patients with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease

Objective

To determine the effects of Yishenjiangzhuo granules (YJG) on bone metabolism and to explore the changes in levels of bone Gla protein (BGP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), as well as their relationships with levels of B cells, regulatory T cells (Treg) and interleukin (IL)-17 in patients with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) before and after treatment.

Methods

Fifty-three stage 3-4 CKD patients were divided randomly into two groups: YJG treatment and control. Peripheral blood was taken from two groups of CKD patients and 21 healthy subjects in the normal group. The parameters determined were the levels of CD4 +, CD19 +, CD19 + CD69 +, CD19 + AV, Treg (CD4 + CD25 + CD127^l°), BGP, TRAP, IL-17, calcium, phosphate, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine (SCr), hemoglobin (Hb) in peripheral blood, and urinary creatinine. Calcium-phosphate products and endogenous creatinine clearance rate (CCr) were calculated according to standard protocols.

Results

In YJG and control groups, SCr levels were lowered (P<0.01) after treatment, whereas CCr (P<0.05) as well as Hb and albumin levels (P< 0.01) were increased. The changes in levels of CCr and SCr in the YJG group were more significant. After treatment, CD19+CD69+ and Treg levels in the two groups varied (P<0.01) compared with those of the normal group; the level of CD19+ increased but the levels of CD4 + and CD19 + AV decreased (P< 0.01) in both groups. Compared with the control group, the changes of CD19+ and CD19+AV in the YJG group were more apparent (P<0.05). Compared with the normal group, levels of IL-17 in both groups increased significantly (P<0.01), and the difference in the control group was more significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the TRAP level increased (P<0.05), but the difference in BGP level (P>0.05) was not significant.

Conclusion

In stage 3-4 CKD patients, B cells and IL-17 participated in the induction of osteoclast activation. YJG could also elevate the level of B cells and decrease their apoptosis, but showed no significant effects on active B cells, IL-17 or osteoclast activity.     

复方斑蝥胶囊联合XELOX化疗方案对胃癌术后患者的临床疗效

目的探讨复方斑蝥胶囊联合XELOX化疗方案(奥沙利铂+卡培他滨)对胃癌术后患者的临床疗效。方法 85例患者随机分为对照组(41例)和观察组(44例),对照组给予XELOX化疗方案,观察组在对照组基础上加用复方斑蝥胶囊,疗程21 d。然后,检测血清肿瘤标志物(CA125、CEA、CA199)、免疫功能指标(CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、CD4~+/CD8~+)、不良反应发生率变化。结果治疗后,2组血清肿瘤标志物显著降低(P<0.05),以观察组更明显(P<0.05);CD3~+、CD4~+、CD4~+/CD8~+显著降低(P<0.05),以对照组更明显(P<0.05);CD8~+无显著差异(P>0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论复方斑蝥胶囊联合XELOX化疗方案可保护胃癌术后患者机体免疫功能,提高化疗耐受性和生活质量。     

中药微调三号方联合香菇多糖对中晚期胃癌患者细胞免疫功能的影响

目的观察中药微调三号方联合香菇多糖对中晚期胃癌患者细胞免疫功能的影响。方法将47例中晚期胃癌患者随机分为2组,中药微调三号方联合香菇多糖组23例予中药微调三号方联合香菇多糖治疗,香菇多糖组24例予香菇多糖治疗。治疗2周后观察2组细胞免疫功能变化。结果中药微调三号方联合香菇多糖组治疗后自然杀伤(NK)细胞、CD3、CD4较本组治疗前升高(P0.05),香菇多糖组治疗后CD3、CD4较本组治疗前降低(P0.05)。中药微调三号方联合香菇多糖组治疗后NK低于香菇多糖组(P0.05),CD4高于香茹多糖组(P0.05)。中药微调三号方联合香菇多糖组治疗后中医证候积分低于本组治疗前(P0.05),卡氏评分升高(P0.05);中药微调三号方联合香菇多糖组治疗后中医证候积分低于香菇多糖组(P0.05)。结论中药微调三号方联合香菇多糖较单用香菇多糖能有效提高中晚期胃癌患者CD3、CD4细胞比例,提高NK细胞水平,从而提高患者细胞免疫功能。     

加味四君子汤改善胃癌术后患者生活质量疗效观察

目的：加味四君子汤改善胃癌术后患者生活质量疗效观察。方法：把60例胃癌术后患者用数字化随机表分为干预组和对照组,每组均为30例。对照组给予化疗处理,干预组在化疗基础上给予加味四君子汤,28d为1个疗程。结果：干预组生活质量改善较对照组明显。结论：加味四君子汤可以提高胃癌术后患者生活质量。     

Effects of Yishenjiangzhuo granules on immunity and bone metabo- lism in patients with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease

OBJECTIVE： To determine the effects of Yishenjiangzhuo granules（YJG） on bone metabolism and to explore the changes in levels of bone Gla protein（BGP）, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase（TRAP）,as well as their relationships with levels of B cells,regulatory T cells（Treg） and interleukin（IL）-17 in patients with stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease（CKD） before and after treatment.METHODS： Fifty-three stage 3-4 CKD patients were divided randomly into two groups： YJG treatment and control. Peripheral blood was taken from two groups of CKD patients and 21 healthy subjects in the normal group. The parameters determined were the levels of CD4＋, CD19＋, CD19＋CD69＋,CD19＋AV, Treg（CD4＋CD25＋CD127lo）, BGP, TRAP,IL-17, calcium, phosphate, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine（SCr）, hemoglobin（Hb） in peripheral blood, and urinary creatinine. Calcium-phosphate products and endogenous creatinine clearance rate（CCr） were calculated according to standard protocols.RESULTS： In YJG and control groups, SCr levels were lowered（P0.01） after treatment, whereas CCr（P0.05） as well as Hb and albumin levels（P0.01） were increased. The changes in levels of CCr and SCr in the YJG group were more significant. After treatment, CD19＋CD69＋ and Treg levels in the two groups varied（P0.01） compared with those of the normal group; the level of CD19＋ increased but the levels of CD4＋ and CD19＋AV decreased（P0.01） in both groups. Compared with the control group, the changes of CD19＋ and CD19＋AV in the YJG group were more apparent（P0.05）. Compared with the normal group, levels of IL-17 in both groups increased significantly（P0.01）, and the difference in the control group was more significant（P0.05）. After treatment, the TRAP level increased（P0.05）, but the difference in BGP level（P0.05）was not significant.CONCLUSION： In stage 3-4 CKD patients, B cells and IL-17 participated in the induction of osteoclast activation.YJG could also elevate the level of B cells and decrease their apoptosis, but showed no significant effects on active B cells, IL-17 or osteoclast activity.     

十全大补汤辅助肠内营养支持治疗胃癌术后患者的临床研究

目的探讨十全大补汤辅助肠内营养支持治疗对胃癌术后患者营养和免疫指标及肠内营养并发症的影响。方法将75例胃癌术后患者随机分为治疗组35例和对照组40例。2组患者术后均给予规范化治疗,对照组于术后第2天肠功能恢复后给予肠内营养支持,治疗组在此基础上辅助使用中药十全大补汤,连续使用至术后第8天。检测2组患者术前及术后第8天营养指标[血清白蛋白(ALB)、血清前白蛋白(PAB)、转铁蛋白(TFN)、血红蛋白(Hb)]及免疫指标[淋巴细胞总数(TLC)和血清IgA、IgG、IgM],统计2组患者肠内营养并发症(腹痛、腹胀、腹泻、恶心)发生情况。结果术后第8天,2组患者ALB、PAB、TFN、Hb、TLC、IgA、IgG、IgM水平均显著升高(P均0.05),且治疗组均显著高于对照组(P均0.05)。治疗组肠内营养并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论十全大补汤辅助肠内营养支持治疗可以更加有效地改善胃癌术后患者机体营养状况,增强免疫功能,降低肠内营养并发症发生率,促进患者康复。     

改良措施对农田土壤微生态及人参存苗率的影响

该文研究土壤消毒、绿肥回田、施肥过程中土壤微生态环境的变化,初步建立农田土壤改良方法,保证农田栽参的顺利进行。研究分析了土壤消毒、消毒+绿肥回田及消毒+绿肥回田+施肥处理后农田土壤理化性状、细菌群落多样性及组成,结果表明改良措施降低土壤p H,增加土壤肥力,降低土壤细菌多样性,改变细菌群落的组成。消毒+绿肥回田+施肥的综合措施降低移栽参苗死亡率。该研究表明土壤消毒、消毒+绿肥回田、消毒+绿肥回田+施肥的措施改变农田土壤微生态环境,综合改良措施提高参苗存苗率,保障农田栽参的开展。     

Effects of red ginseng extract on UVB irradiation-induced skin aging in hairless mice

Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, Korean herb medicine, has been widely used in China and Japan for fatigue and enhancement of resistance to many diseases.     

基于高分离度和对照图谱的红参中9种人参皂苷类成分“一测多评”质量评价研究

采用反相高效液相色谱法,Ultimate~C_(18)色谱柱,对红参中9种人参皂苷类成分进行了具有高分离度和高色谱峰纯度的同步色谱分离。采用"一测多评"中药质量评价模式,经一系列方法学考察,以人参皂苷Rb_1为内参物,建立了人参皂苷Rg_1,Re,Rf,Rb_1,Rc,Rb_2,Rb_3,Rd和20(S)-人参皂苷Rg3与人参皂苷Rb1间的相对校正因子与相对保留值,在红参对照图谱的辅助定位下,最终实现了仅采用人参皂苷Rb1一个中药对照品对红参中上述9种人参皂苷类成分的同步质量控制。     

锈腐病和受伤原料参对红参品质的影响研究

目的比较锈腐病鲜参、受伤鲜参与正常鲜参加工而成的红参品质,为人参加工利用提供依据。方法测定锈腐病鲜参、受伤鲜参和正常鲜参加工而成的红参中10种人参皂苷、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、挥发性醚浸出物和总蛋白、糖类成分的量。结果锈腐病鲜参、受伤鲜参加工而成的红参中的总灰分、酸不溶性灰分、挥发性醚浸出物、蔗糖量都显著高于正常鲜参加工而成的红参,而10种人参皂苷量均显著低于正常鲜参加工而成的红参。结论锈腐病、受伤原料参对其加工后红参质量有显著影响。