共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Anne-Marie Van den Abeele Dirk Vogelaers Johan Van Hende Kurt Houf 《Emerging infectious diseases》2014,20(10):1731-1734
We examined fecal samples from 6,774 patients with enteritis in Belgium, 2008–2013. Members of the genus Arcobacter were the fourth most common pathogen group isolated, and the isolation rate was higher than previously reported. Culturing Arcobacter in a microbiology laboratory is feasible and should thus be tested for in cases of diarrheal disease. 相似文献
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Passive antibody administration (immediate immunity) as a specific defense against biological weapons 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Casadevall A 《Emerging infectious diseases》2002,8(8):833-841
The potential threat of biological warfare with a specific agent is proportional to the susceptibility of the population to that agent. Preventing disease after exposure to a biological agent is partially a function of the immunity of the exposed individual. The only available countermeasure that can provide immediate immunity against a biological agent is passive antibody. Unlike vaccines, which require time to induce protective immunity and depend on the host's ability to mount an immune response, passive antibody can theoretically confer protection regardless of the immune status of the host. Passive antibody therapy has substantial advantages over antimicrobial agents and other measures for postexposure prophylaxis, including low toxicity and high specific activity. Specific antibodies are active against the major agents of bioterrorism, including anthrax, smallpox, botulinum toxin, tularemia, and plague. This article proposes a biological defense initiative based on developing, producing, and stockpiling specific antibody reagents that can be used to protect the population against biological warfare threats. 相似文献
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Folate production by probiotic bacteria 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Probiotic bacteria, mostly belonging to the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, confer a number of health benefits to the host, including vitamin production. With the aim to produce folate-enriched fermented products and/or develop probiotic supplements that accomplish folate biosynthesis in vivo within the colon, bifidobacteria and lactobacilli have been extensively studied for their capability to produce this vitamin. On the basis of physiological studies and genome analysis, wild-type lactobacilli cannot synthesize folate, generally require it for growth, and provide a negative contribution to folate levels in fermented dairy products. Lactobacillus plantarum constitutes an exception among lactobacilli, since it is capable of folate production in presence of para-aminobenzoic acid (pABA) and deserves to be used in animal trials to validate its ability to produce the vitamin in vivo. On the other hand, several folate-producing strains have been selected within the genus Bifidobacterium, with a great variability in the extent of vitamin released in the medium. Most of them belong to the species B. adolescentis and B. pseudocatenulatum, but few folate producing strains are found in the other species as well. Rats fed a probiotic formulation of folate-producing bifidobacteria exhibited increased plasma folate level, confirming that the vitamin is produced in vivo and absorbed. In a human trial, the same supplement raised folate concentration in feces. The use of folate-producing probiotic strains can be regarded as a new perspective in the specific use of probiotics. They could more efficiently confer protection against inflammation and cancer, both exerting the beneficial effects of probiotics and preventing the folate deficiency that is associated with premalignant changes in the colonic epithelia. 相似文献
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Cristiano Barros de Melo Marcos Eielson Pinheiro de Sá Antonizete dos Reis Souza Anapolino Macedo de Oliveira Pedro Moacyr Pinto Coelho Mota Paulo Ricardo Campani Janaína Oliveira Luna Sérgio Cabral Pinto Fábio Fraga Schwingel Concepta McManus Luiza Seixas 《Emerging infectious diseases》2014,20(11):1933-1935
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Christine L. Wanjala Jernard P. Mbugi Edna Ototo Maxwell Gesuge Yaw A. Afrane Harrysone E. Atieli Guofa Zhou Andrew K. Githeko Guiyun Yan 《Emerging infectious diseases》2015,21(12):2178-2181
We conducted standard insecticide susceptibility testing across western Kenya and found that the Anopheles gambiae mosquito has acquired high resistance to pyrethroids and DDT, patchy resistance to carbamates, but no resistance to organophosphates. Use of non–pyrethroid-based vector control tools may be preferable for malaria prevention in this region. 相似文献
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Tobias Eisenberg Peter Kutzer Martin Peters Andreas Sing Matthias Contzen J?rg Rau 《Emerging infectious diseases》2014,20(3):448-452
Corynebacterium ulcerans may cause diphtheria in humans and caseous lymphadenitis in animals. We isolated nontoxigenic tox-bearing C. ulcerans from 13 game animals in Germany. Our results indicate a role for game animals as reservoirs for zoonotic C. ulcerans. 相似文献
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MRSA transmission between cows and humans 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Juhász-Kaszanyitzky E Jánosi S Somogyi P Dán A van der Graaf-van Bloois L van Duijkeren E Wagenaar JA 《Emerging infectious diseases》2007,13(4):630-632
We isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from cows with subclinical mastitis and from a person who worked with these animals. The bovine and human strains were indistinguishable by phenotyping and genotyping methods and were of a low frequency spa type. To our knowledge, this finding indicates the first documented case of direct transmission of MRSA between cows and humans. 相似文献
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Global emergence of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole resistance in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia mediated by acquisition of sul genes 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) resistance remains a serious threat in the treatment of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections. We analyzed an international collection of 55 S. maltophilia TMP/SMX-sensitive (S) (n=30) and -resistant (R) (n=25) strains for integrons; sul1, sul2 and dhfr genes; and insertion element common region (ISCR) elements. sul1, as part of a class 1 integron, was detected in 17 of 25 TMP/SMX-R. Nine TMP/SMX-R strains carried sul2; 7 were on large plasmids. Five TMP/SMX-R isolates were positive for ISCR2, and 4 were linked to sul2; 2 others possessed ISCR3. Two ISCR2s were adjacent to floR. Six TMP/SMX-S isolates harbored novel ISCR elements, ISCR9 and ISCR10. Linkage of ISCR3, ISCR9, and ISCR10 to sul2 and dhfr genes was not demonstrated. The data from this study indicate that class 1 integrons and ISCR elements linked to sul2 genes can mediate TMP/SMX resistance in S. maltophilia and are geographically widespread, findings that reinforce the need for ongoing resistance surveillance. 相似文献
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Tony L. Goldberg Annette Gendron-Fitzpatrick Kathleen M. Deering Roberta S. Wallace Victoria L. Clyde Michael Lauck Gail E. Rosen Andrew J. Bennett Ellis C. Greiner David H. O’Connor 《Emerging infectious diseases》2014,20(1):109-113
A captive juvenile Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) died from an unknown disseminated parasitic infection. Deep sequencing of DNA from infected tissues, followed by gene-specific PCR and sequencing, revealed a divergent species within the newly proposed genus Versteria (Cestoda: Taeniidae). Versteria may represent a previously unrecognized risk to primate health. 相似文献
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Vandenberg O Dediste A Houf K Ibekwem S Souayah H Cadranel S Douat N Zissis G Butzler JP Vandamme P 《Emerging infectious diseases》2004,10(10):1863-1867
During an 8-year study period, Arcobacter butzleri was the fourth most common Campylobacter-like organism isolated from 67,599 stool specimens. Our observations suggest that A. butzleri displays microbiologic and clinical features similar to those of Campylobacter jejuni; however, A. butzleri is more frequently associated with a persistent, watery diarrhea. 相似文献
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Selcuk Kilic Dawn N. Birdsell Alper Karag?z Bekir ?elebi Zekiye Bakkaloglu Muzaffer Arikan Jason W. Sahl Cedar Mitchell Andrew Rivera Sara Maltinsky Paul Keim Duran üstek R?za Durmaz David M. Wagner 《Emerging infectious diseases》2015,21(12):2213-2216
Francisella tularensis DNA extractions and isolates from the environment and humans were genetically characterized to elucidate environmental sources that cause human tularemia in Turkey. Extensive genetic diversity consistent with genotypes from human outbreaks was identified in environmental samples and confirmed water as a source of human tularemia in Turkey. 相似文献
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We found a prevalence of 18% for enterotoxin gene-carrying (cpe+) Clostridium perfringens in the feces of healthy food handlers by PCR and isolated the organism from 11 of 23 PCR-positive persons by using hydrophobic grid membrane filter-colony hybridization. Several different cpe genotypes were recovered. The prevalence was 3.7% for plasmidial IS1151-cpe, 2.9% for plasmidial IS1470-like-cpe, 0.7% for chromosomal IS1470-cpe, and 1.5% for unknown cpe genotype. Lateral spread of cpe between C. perfringens strains was evident because strains from the same person carried IS1470-like cpe but shared no genetic relatedness according to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis. Our findings suggest that healthy humans serve as a rich reservoir for cpe+ C. perfringens type A and may play a role in the etiology of gastrointestinal diseases caused by this organism. The results also indicate that humans should be considered a risk factor for spread of C. perfringens type A food poisoning and that they are a possible source of contamination for C. perfringens type A food poisoning. 相似文献
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Cryptococcus isolates from AIDS patients in southern California were characterized by molecular analyses. Pheromone MFalpha1 and MFa1 gene fragments were polymerase chain reaction-amplified with fluorescently labeled primers and analyzed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) on DNA analyzer. CE-fragment-length analyses (CE-FLAs) and CE-single-strand conformation polymorphisms (CE-SSCPs) were used to determine Cryptococcus gattii (Cg), C. neoformans (Cn) varieties neoformans (CnVN) and grubii (CnVG), mating types, and hybrids. Corroborative tests carried out in parallel included growth on specialized media and serotyping with a commercial kit. All 276 clinical strains tested as haploid MATalpha by CE-FLA. CE-SSCP analyses of MFalpha1 showed 219 (79.3%) CnVG, 23 (8.3%) CnVN, and 34 (12.3%) Cg isolates. CE-FLA and CE-SSCP are promising tools for high-throughput screening of Cryptococcus isolates. The high prevalence of Cg was noteworthy, in view of its sporadic reports from AIDS patients in North America and its recent emergence as a primary pathogen on Vancouver Island, Canada. 相似文献
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Rinaldo Focaccia Siciliano Jussara Bianchi Castelli Alfredo Jose Mansur Fabiana Pereira dos Santos Silvia Colombo Elvira Mendes do Nascimento Christopher D. Paddock Roosecelis Araújo Brasil Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho Marina Rovani Drummond Max Grinberg Tania Mara Varejao Strabelli 《Emerging infectious diseases》2015,21(8):1429-1432
We evaluated culture-negative, community-acquired endocarditis by using indirect immunofluorescent assays and molecular analyses for Bartonella spp. and Coxiella burnetii and found a prevalence of 19.6% and 7.8%, respectively. Our findings reinforce the need to study these organisms in patients with culture-negative, community-acquired endocarditis, especially B. henselae in cat owners. 相似文献
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Okinaka RT Henrie M Hill KK Lowery KS Van Ert M Pearson T Schupp J Kenefic L Beaudry J Hofstadler SA Jackson PJ Keim P 《Emerging infectious diseases》2008,14(4):653-656
A small number of conserved canonical single nucleotide polymorphisms (canSNP) that define major phylogenetic branches for Bacillus anthracis were used to place a Sverdlovsk patient's B. anthracis genotype into 1 of 12 subgroups. Reconstruction of the pagA gene also showed a unique SNP that defines a new lineage for B. anthracis. 相似文献