Calponin-1和Transgelin蛋白在临产前后 妊娠子宫平滑肌中的表达

目的：探讨调宁蛋白1（Calponin-1）和转凝蛋白（Transgelin）在临产前后子宫平滑肌组织中的表达及其在分娩发动中的作用机制。方法：选取14例初产妇的子宫体部及子宫下段平滑肌组织,分为未临产组及临产组。分别用免疫组织化学及Western印迹检测Calponin-1和Transgelin的表达水平。结果：临产组子宫体部和下段平滑肌组织Calponin-1的表达较未临产组明显升高（P<0.05）。临产组子宫体部平滑肌组织中Transgelin的表达较未临产组升高（P<0.05）,而子宫下段平滑肌组织中Transgelin的表达2组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：子宫体部和下段平滑肌组织中的Calponin-1和子宫体部平滑肌组织中的Transgelin可能参与了子宫平滑肌收缩的调节,与分娩发动关系密切。     

ATP敏感性钾通道在人类妊娠不同状态的子宫平滑肌的表达

目的:探讨ATP敏感性钾通道(KATP )亚基在人类2种不同功能状态下(临产和未临产)子宫平滑肌中的表达情况。方法:实验分为足月临产组(TL组)和足月未临产组(TNL组),均12例。采用RT-PCR和实时定量聚合酶链反应(real-time PCR)检测了人类2种妊娠状态下子宫平滑肌KATP 3种亚基mRNA的表达,并用免疫组织化学法检测KATP 3种亚基蛋白表达情况。结果:Kir6.1、Kir6.2、SUR2B mRNA在临产和未临产子宫平滑肌上均有表达,TNL组SUR2B mRNA的含量高于TL组(P<0.05);3种亚基的受体蛋白在人未临产和临产的子宫平滑肌细胞胞质中都有表达。结论:KATP在子宫平滑肌上有表达;在人类的妊娠子宫平滑肌上可能是通过SUR2B水平的改变起到调节平滑肌收缩的作用。     

妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇胎盘小动脉平滑肌大电导钙激活钾通道表达水平的定量测定

目的：观察妊娠期高血压疾病（HDCP）孕妇胎盘小动脉中大电导钙激活钾通道（BKCa）的蛋白表达,探讨BKCa在该疾病发生机制中的作用。方法取 HDCP孕妇（HDCP组,＝15）与健康孕妇（NT组,n＝15）胎盘小动脉平滑肌,用蛋白免疫印迹法（Western blot）检测BKCa通道α亚基及β1亚基的蛋白水平。结果胎盘小动脉平滑肌检测显示,BKCa通道α亚基在NT组的蛋白相对表达量为1．0282±0．1806,HDCP组为1．0012±0．1698,差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）;β1亚基在NT组的蛋白相对表达量为1．6168±0．0126,HDCP组为0．4181±0．0808,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论 HDCP胎盘小动脉平滑肌BKCa通道α亚基蛋白表达无明显变化,β1亚基蛋白表达均明显下调。由此推测大电导钙激活钾通道可能参与了 HDCP的发生、发展,β1亚基的异常表达可能是导致HDCP血管舒缩功能障碍的一个重要基础。     

不同临产状态的子宫平滑肌组织中与#br# NF-κB相互作用差异蛋白质的分析

目的：分析不同临产状态子宫下段平滑肌组织中与NF-κB相互作用的差异蛋白质,为分娩机制的研究提供新的实验及理论依据。方法：分别采集足月未临产、自然临产和前列腺素E2栓诱导临产(药物临产组)的孕妇子宫下段平滑肌组织。Western印迹验证NF-κB P65表达;联合免疫共沉淀、SDS-PAGE、电喷雾串联质谱(LC-ESI-MS/MS)和蛋白质生物信息分析等技术,分析不同临产状态子宫平滑肌组织中与NF-κB相互作用的差异蛋白质,并利用Western印迹进行验证。结果：人类临产前后子宫下段平滑肌组织中NF-κB表达均为阳性,与NF-κB P65相互作用的差异蛋白,自然临产前后鉴定出9个,药物临产前后鉴定出5个,其中不同临产状态共同差异表达的蛋白3个,分别为热休克蛋白70(heat shock 70 kD protein,HSP70)、膜联蛋白A6和结蛋白,经Western印迹验证与蛋白表达相符。这些差异蛋白分别属于分子伴侣、信号转导、细胞骨架和能量代谢相关的蛋白质。结论：子宫平滑肌细胞中NF-κB通过与分子伴侣、信号传导、细胞骨架和能量代谢等相关的多种蛋白质相互作用,参与分娩的启动或调节。     

L-型钙离子通道阻断剂硝苯地平及硫酸镁对人足月妊娠子宫平滑肌收缩功能的抑制作用

目的:研究L-型钙离子通道阻断剂硝苯地平(nifedipine)、硫酸镁对人妊娠子宫平滑肌收缩功能的抑制作用及其与临产的关系.方法:剖宫产时取足月妊娠临产、未临产子宫下段平滑肌,将肌条置于组织器官浴中,加入催产素(10-9mol/L)诱发平滑肌收缩,依次加入10-8、10-7、10-6、10-5mol/L的硝苯地平或1、2、4、8、16 mmol/L的硫酸镁,通过离体肌肉等长张力测定试验,计算用药前后单位时间内子宫收缩的频率、收缩幅度及子宫收缩曲线下面积,并计算药物抑制百分比.结果:硝苯地平对催产素诱发的人妊娠子宫平滑肌收缩的抑制作用呈剂量依赖性,对临产组的抑制作用较未临产组明显减弱,两组比较差异显著(P<0.05);硫酸镁对人妊娠子宫肌收缩也有抑制作用,但临产组与未临产组比较差异不显著(P>0.05).结论:硝苯地平对临产后子宫平滑肌的抑制作用下降,可能提示临产后子宫平滑肌对硝苯地平的敏感性发生了改变;硫酸镁对人妊娠子宫肌的抑制作用与是否临产无关,提示Mg2 对子宫平滑肌收缩的抑制作用除通过钙离子通道外,可能还有其他作用机制.     

钙激活钾通道基因和蛋白水平在膀胱逼尿肌不稳定中的表达

目的观察膀胱逼尿肌不稳定（DI）中钙激活钾通道（BKCa）基因和蛋白水平变化,探讨BKCa在DI发生机制中的作用。方法通过膀胱出口部位梗阻法建立大鼠DI模型,取其膀胱平滑肌,提取总RNA和总蛋白,以β-actin为内参,分别采用定量PCR和WesternBlot化学发光法检测BKCa通道基因和蛋白水平。结果 DI组大鼠膀胱平滑肌BKCa通道基因和蛋白水平均明显下降,与对照组相比,DI组mRNA水平相对量（与内参照基因β-actin）由0.35±0.12（n=15）下降到0.21±0.09（n=12）,两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,BKCa通道蛋白水平相对量（与内参照蛋白β-actin）0.41±0.08（n=15）下降到0.23±0.06（n=12）,两组相比有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论 BKCa在膀胱逼尿肌不稳定时发生明显改变,可能参与了大鼠膀胱DI的发生,调控DI时BKCa通道活性可以作为治疗DI的靶点之一。     

足月妊娠临产前后羊水、母血和胎盘中TNF-α的表达

目的 探讨TNF—α在足月妊娠临产前后的变化和意义。方法 将足月妊娠60例，分为临产组30例和未临产组30例，应用放射免疫法测定母血、羊水中TNF—α，免疫组化SABC法对胎盘中TNF—α进行定位和定量检测。结果 临产组羊水中TNF—α水平较未临产组升高（P=0．000），胎盘中TNF—α定位于胎盘滋养细胞，且临产组较未临产组升高（P=0．000）。两组母血中TNF—α水平无变化（P=0．109）。结论 临产后羊水、胎盘中TNF—α发生了变化，而母血中的TNF—α无变化，足月妊娠局部组织的TNF—α升高可能导致了分娩发动。     

足月妊娠子宫肌间隙连接cx43mRNA及其蛋白的表达意义

目的：从转录及翻译水平研究细胞间隙连接基因ｃｏｎｎｅｘｉｎ（Ｃｘ）４３及其蛋白在足月妊娠子宫肌中的表达．方法：应用核酸原位杂交技术和ＳＰ免疫组织化学法,研究５１例足月妊娠子宫肌,２０例正常子宫平滑肌中,Ｃｘ４３ ｍＲＮＡ及其蛋白的表达规律．结果：Ｃｘ４３ ｍＲＮＡ及其蛋白在足月妊娠子宫平滑肌中的表达明显高于其在正常子宫平滑肌中的表达（Ｐ〈０．０５）．结论：Ｃｘ４３ ｍＲＮＡ及其蛋白在足月妊娠子宫肌     

妊娠和分娩中子宫平滑肌及胎盘内皮素受体A表达的初步探讨

目的探讨临产前、后子宫平滑肌细胞及胎盘滋养细胞内皮素受体A(ETA)的表达变化.方法应用免疫组化方法结合计算机图像分析技术分析60例足月妊娠剖宫产产妇子宫下段平滑肌细胞及胎盘滋养细胞ETA的表达,观察临产前、后两组的表达强度.结果临产组子宫平滑肌细胞及胎盘滋养细胞ETA的表达显著强于未临产组,差异有显著意义(P＜0.01).结论ETA可能通过参与调节子宫平滑肌收缩和局部前列腺素的合成参与分娩发动.     

人子宫体部平滑肌收缩相关蛋白的筛选

目的：筛选与人子宫平滑肌收缩相关的蛋白质以探讨人子宫体部平滑肌收缩及分娩发动的分子机制。方法：应用双向凝胶电泳技术分离人足月自然临产和未临产子宫体部平滑肌组织总蛋白,经考马斯亮蓝染色、图像分析、识别差异表达的蛋白质点,基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱得到相应的肽质量指纹图谱,搜索数据库鉴定部分差异表达蛋白质;Westernl印迹对3个差异表达蛋白进行验证。结果：建立了人足月自然临产和未临产子宫体部平滑肌的双向凝胶电泳图谱,质谱鉴定得到自然临产和未临产之间的表达差异大于2倍的蛋白质点20个,其功能涉及细胞骨架、钙结合力、分子伴侣、能量代谢、信号转导和抗氧化能力等;Westernl印迹验证结果与蛋白质组学结果一致。结论：筛选并鉴定了20个子宫体部平滑肌收缩相关蛋白质,提示细胞骨架改变、钙结合能力增强是分娩发动的重要原因。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.