CT在脾脏占位性病变诊断及鉴别诊断中的价值

目的探讨CT在脾脏占位性病变鉴别诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析27例经手术病理证实的脾脏占位性病变的CT及病理学资料,分析脾脏占位性病变的CT特征。结果 27例脾脏占位性病变,其中良性占位16例,包括脾囊肿7例,脾脓肿3例,脾血管瘤4例,脾血管淋巴管瘤1例,脾淋巴管瘤1例;恶性占位11例,包括转移瘤8例,淋巴瘤3例。结论 CT对脾脏占位性病变有较高的诊断价值,可作为首选的影像学检查方法。     

脾脏多发占位性病变的CT、MRI表现

目的探讨脾脏多发占位性病变的CT、MRI表现。方法回顾性分析17例经手术病理证实的脾脏多发占位性病变患者的临床及影像学资料。结果 17例脾脏多发性占位性病变中脾戈谢病1例,间皮囊肿1例,隐球菌病1例,脾结核5例,淋巴瘤4例,脾脉管瘤5例。14例行CT检查,1例行MRI检查,2例行CT、MRI检查。CT和MRI可以很好的显示病灶大小、形态、密度/信号、强化特点,脾脏不同多发占位病变各有一定的CT及MRI特点。结论 CT、MRI是脾脏多发占位性病变的重要检查手段,MRI对某些脾脏病变的诊断及鉴别诊断价值优于CT,可作为首选检查方法之一。     

脾脏囊性占位性病变的螺旋CT诊断价值

目的:探讨脾脏囊性占位性病变的螺旋CT表现及其诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析经手术病理或穿刺活检证 实19例脾脏囊性占位性病变的CT表现。19例均行CT平扫,16例行动态增强扫描。结果:19例中脾囊肿10例,脾转移 瘤4例,脾脏淋巴管瘤2例,脾海绵状血管瘤2例及脾原发性淋巴瘤1例。CT对脾脏囊性占位性病变的检出率极高,能 明确肿块性质、范围及其与周围组织的关系。结论:平扫和动态增强螺旋CT检查对脾脏囊性占位性病变有较高的定性 诊断价值。     

脾脏占位性病变的超声诊断

目的:探讨脾脏占位性病变的超声诊断价值.方法:分析15例经病理和临床证实的脾脏占位性病变的超声资料,包括脾卡波西氏肉瘤1例,脾血管肉瘤1例,脾弥漫性非何杰金氏淋巴肉瘤1例,脾非霍奇金氏淋巴瘤2例,脾何杰金氏病(结节型)1例,脾转移癌4例,脾淋巴管瘤2例,脾囊肿2例,脾脓肿1例.结果:超声检查能清楚的显示,脾脏占位病变的大小、形态回声特征与周围器官组织的关系;超声对脾脏占位性病变的检出率100%,定性准确率为73.3%.结论:超声对脾脏占位性病变有较高的诊断价值,可作为首选的影像学检查方法.     

幕下占位性病变的CT和MRI诊断

目的：探讨幕下占位性病变的CT和MRI表现及特征，提高对幕下占位性病变的定性诊断水平。方法：回顾性分析我院37例经临床和／或手术、病理证实的幕下占位性病变的CT和MRI和MRI表现，本组CT定位、定性准确率为79％、69％；MRI为96％、90％。结论：CT和MRI对该区占位性病变的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值。表现。结果：37例中星形细胞瘤6例，脑膜瘤6例，听神经瘤5例，转移瘤5例，髓母细胞脑瘤4例，血管母细胞脑瘤4例，蛛网膜囊肿3例，室管膜瘤及动脉瘤、三叉神经瘤、胆脂瘤各1例、幕下占位性病变中脑内病变22例，脑外病变15例，该区占位性病变大部分有特征性的CT     

不典型肾实质内占位的高场强MRI与螺旋CT诊断价值分析

目的：评价高场强MRI与螺旋CT平扫与动态增强检查对不典型肾实质内占位的诊断价值。方法：37例肾实质内实性占位病变，包括肾癌21例，少脂肪血管平滑肌脂肪瘤6例，复杂良性囊性病变7例，肾嗜酸性细胞瘤1例，肾蔓状血管瘤伴出血1例，多房囊性肾瘤1例，均经1．5TMRI及螺旋CT平扫及多期动态增强检查，CT与MRI检查时间间隔2天至2月。所有病例均经手术病理证实。结果：高场强MRI检查对肾实质内不典型占位的诊断准确度为78．4％。高于螺旋CT检查的准确度(64．9％)。两者有显著差异性，P=0．025。MRI与CT检查相结合诊断准确度为89．2％，明显高于MRI及CT检查(P=0．003、0．001)。结论：MRI与螺旋CT检查相结合能明显提高不典型肾实质内占位的诊断准确度。     

脾血管平滑肌瘤一例

患者女，45岁。左上腹隐痛1个月，无发热，无恶心、呕吐。体检：腹部无压痛及反跳痛；脾肋下2cm扪及．边缘钝，质中.实验室检查：血常规示轻度贫血(血红蛋白77g/L)，血生化检查无异常，X线胸片检查未见异常。B超提示脾增大，见约87cm团块，内见多数团状稍强回声：诊断为脾脏占位性病变：增强CT扫描：脾脏内巨大实质性占位，     

脾脏多发占位性病变25例CT扫描的诊断意义

脾脏占位性病变的检出率随着CT和MRI扫描技术的广泛应用已大大提高，但由于占位性病变的影像学表现常很相似，因而，通过影像学对其定性仍较难。为对脾脏占位性病变的诊断及鉴别诊断提供更趋完善的依据，我们将2002年8月～2003年8月，经CT和MRI检查，并经手术及穿刺活检、病理确诊的脾脏多发占位性病变25例进行回顾性分析。     

脾脏占位性病变的影像学表现

目的探讨脾脏占位性病变的影像学表现。方法选取45例经临床及病理证实的脾脏占位性病变患者的临床及影像学资料进行回顾性分析。结果45例患者中良性病变20例,其中血管瘤17例,错构瘤1例,假性囊肿1例,脾结核1例;恶性病变25例,其中淋巴瘤17例,转移瘤7例,炎性假瘤样滤泡树突细胞肉瘤1例。CT和MRI不仅可清楚显示病灶的形态、大小、数目、密度/信号、强化方式,还可显示脾脏的大小、周围淋巴结是否肿大、邻近脏器的改变。结论脾脏占位性病变种类繁多,不同病变具有一定的影像学特征,正确识别这些征象可以有效提高诊断的准确性。     

脾脏肿瘤的CT和MR表现及鉴别诊断

目的探讨脾脏肿瘤的CT和MR影像学特征,以提高对其诊断水平。方法搜集32例经病理和临床证实的脾脏肿瘤的CT和MR资料,包括脾血管瘤4例,脾淋巴管瘤2例,脾错构瘤2例,恶性淋巴瘤脾浸润6例,脾转移瘤18例,均行平扫加强化,对其CT和MR表现进行回顾性分析。结果 CT和MR对脾脏肿瘤检出率高,对病变大小、形态、密度(信号)及脾周围组织器官的显示较其它影像学检查更准确。结论根据脾脏肿瘤的CT和MR特征表现,大多数脾脏肿瘤能被CT和MR正确诊断;CT可作为首选的影像学检查手段,对其定性诊断有较高价值;MR对脾脏血管瘤较CT更具优势。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.