腹腔镜低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除保肛根治术18例护理体会

目的:探讨腹腔镜低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除保肛根治术围手术期护理方法。方法:对18例低位直肠癌患者术前行心理护理和甘露醇顺式灌肠,术后保持肛门清洁,调节饮食,指导坐浴和缩肛运动。结果:本组术后无吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄发生,肛门括约肌收缩功能存在,保肛率100%。结论:围手术期周到细致的护理是手术成功的重要保证。     

腹腔镜下低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除保肛术围手术期的护理

目的:探讨腹腔镜低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除保肛术围术期的护理方法。方法:对15例低位直肠癌患者术前行完善检查和磷酸钠盐口服式清洁肠道,术后补充足够营养,保持肛门清洁,调节饮食,指导坐浴和缩肛运动。结果:本组术后无吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄发生,肛门括约肌功能存在,保肛率100%。结论:围手术期周到细致的护理是手术成功的重要保证。     

腹腔镜低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除结肛吻合术11例围术期护理

目的：探讨腹腔镜低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除（TME）结肛吻合术围术期的护理方法。方法：对11例直肠癌患者术前给予心理护理,硫酸镁顺式洗肠;术后保持肛门清洁,调节饮食,指导坐浴和缩肛运动。结果：本组手术均顺利进行,术后无吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄发生,肛门括约肌收缩功能存在,保肛率100%。结论：对腹腔镜低位直肠癌TME结肛吻合术患者给予精心围术期护理,可提高手术成功率,减少并发症发生,促进早日康复。     

腹腔镜低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除保肛根治术的护理

目的 :探讨微创低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除 (TME)低位、超低位、结 -肛吻合术手术前后的护理方法。方法 :对 30例低位直肠癌病人术前行心理护理和甘露醇顺式灌肠 ,术后保持肛门清洁 ,调节饮食 ,指导坐浴和缩肛运动。结果 :本组术后无吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄发生 ,肛门括约肌收缩功能存在 ,保肛率 1 0 0 %。结论 :围手术期周到细致的护理是手术成功的重要保证     

腹腔镜低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除结肛吻合术11例围术期护理

目的:探讨腹腔镜低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除(TME)结肛吻合术围术期的护理方法.方法:对11例直肠癌患者术前给予心理护理,硫酸镁顺式洗肠;术后保持肛门清洁,调节饮食,指导坐浴和缩肛运动.结果:本组手术均顺利进行,术后无吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄发生,肛门括约肌收缩功能存在,保肛率100%.结论:对腹腔镜低位直肠癌TME结肛吻合术患者给予精心围术期护理,可提高手术成功率,减少并发症发生,促进早日康复.     

护理程序在体检中心工作中的应用

目的:探讨腹腔镜低位直肠癌全直肠系膜切除(TME)结肛吻合术围术期的护理方法.方法:对11例直肠癌患者术前给予心理护理,硫酸镁顺式洗肠;术后保持肛门清洁,调节饮食,指导坐浴和缩肛运动.结果:本组手术均顺利进行,术后无吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄发生,肛门括约肌收缩功能存在,保肛率100%.结论:对腹腔镜低位直肠癌TME结肛吻合术患者给予精心围术期护理,可提高手术成功率,减少并发症发生,促进早日康复.     

腹腔镜低位直肠癌保肛根治术围手术期处理

目的 探讨腹腔镜低位直肠癌保肛根治术围手术期相关处理的特点.方法 回顾性分析42例行腹腔镜低位直肠癌保肛根治术患者的围术期临床资料.结果 手术成功,保肛率100％,平均住院时间11d,术后发生吻合口瘘2例,经术后积极处理,保守治疗愈合.结论 腹腔镜低住直肠癌根治术保留肛门有其围术期处理特点,周到细致的处理是手术成功的重要因素之一.     

肛门外结直肠低位手工吻合治疗中低位直肠癌146例分析

目的：探讨中低位直肠癌手工吻合的低位保肛手术方法。方法：采用结，直肠肛门外低位手工吻合的方法，对146例中低位直肠癌行保采手术，直肠肿瘤远端及其系膜的切除范围为3－6cm，结果： 手术成功145例，出现吻合口瘘11例，仅1例行肠造口；2例年复发和转移13例，其中吻合口复发2例，术后肛门对成形粪便控制力良好，无大便完全失禁者，结论：肛门外结，直肠低位手工吻合是中低位直肠癌行保肛手术既可靠，又经济的方法。     

低位直肠癌全系膜切除低位(超低位)结肠-直肠(肛管)吻合术后护理

目的：介绍对346例低位直肠癌全系膜切除低位（超低位）结肠-直肠吻合术后专科护理经验。方法：手术方法均为支撑捆扎法经肛门结肠-直肠（肛管）吻合术，低位吻合手术114例，超低位吻合手术232例．术后注意各种管道观察及护理，观察有无吻合口出血、吻合口瘘和吻合口狭窄等并发症。早期常规胃肠外营养（PN），肠功能恢复后逐渐行流质、半流直至普食。结果：346例中无手术死亡，术后近期吻合口漏4例，发生率为1．2％。吻合口狭窄10例，狭窄率为2．9％：用Lifetable法计算5年生存率，随访率为95．1％，5年生存率和局部复发率分别为78．6％及6．3％术后3个月随访用徐忠发五项10分标准评价排便功能优良率为82．6％。结论：直肠癌保肛手术后的护理工作极为重要，高质量的护理能够减少并发症，减低手术死亡率，是手术成功的重要因素．     

低位直肠癌内括约肌切除保肛术病人围手术期的护理

目的探讨超低位直肠癌肛管内括约肌切除术围手术期护理方法。方法对8例施行直肠癌肛管内括约肌切除保肛术的病人术前行心理护理,甘露醇全消化道机械性清洁准备,术后配合药物治疗,同时予以肛周皮肤护理,饮食指导,功能锻炼。结果本组病人均成功施行内括约肌切除保肛手术,肛门功能恢复良好,无严重并发症发生,保肛率100%。结论加强超低位直肠癌内括约肌切除术的围手术期护理,有利于其肛门功能的恢复,减少术后并发症的发生。     

Effects of low dose oral contraceptives on very low density and low density lipoprotein metabolism.

Oral contraceptives (OC) raise plasma triglyceride and VLDL levels, which may be of concern, since some conditions characterized by elevated triglycerides are associated with atherosclerosis. To identify the responsible mechanism, we studied 11 healthy premenopausal women, 5 of whom were taking OC containing 0.035 mg ethinyl estradiol, and 6 of whom were not. Their rates of VLDL and LDL metabolism were measured by endogenously labeling apoB, the protein component of VLDL and LDL, by an intravenous infusion of deuterated leucine. OC use had the greatest effect on the large, triglyceride-rich VLDL subfraction (Sf 60-400), increasing plasma levels threefold and production rates fivefold (P < 0.05). Among OC users, small VLDL (Sf 20-60) levels were 2.2 times higher, and production rates were 3.4-fold higher (P < 0.05). The fractional catabolic rates of large and small VLDL were similar among OC users and nonusers. LDL levels and metabolic rates were not significantly different between the two groups. Thus, contemporary low dose OC substantially raise VLDL levels by increasing the production rate of large, triglyceride-rich VLDL, and not by slowing VLDL catabolism. Since VLDL catabolism is not impaired, we speculate that the hypertriglyceridemia induced by OC may be less atherogenic than that of hypertriglyceridemia resulting from impaired lipolysis. This may explain why long-term OC use does not appear to promote atherosclerosis.     

氧化型低密度脂蛋白

动脉壁氧化损伤是多种动脉相关疾病发生、发展的病理基础.动脉壁主要由平滑肌细胞、成纤维细胞和血管内皮细胞等组成,这些细胞易受到氧化物质的攻击,从而影响或失去其正常的生理功能,造成动脉壁的氧化损伤,进而引起更为严重的病理改变.     

Chronic low back pain

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most prevalent medical problems in society today. In addition to the profound effect LBP can have on patients, it has an exceedingly high societal cost. Although most acute episodes of back pain will ultimately resolve, this condition will become chronic for many. Those with chronic LBP are a challenge to treat. Nonetheless, with a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and treatment options, our management of these patients is gradually improving. Conservative therapy remains the mainstay treatment of chronic LBP. If this has failed, surgical options may be considered in the carefully selected patient. Fusion is the most established treatment option for this condition. Disc arthroplasty is being increasingly considered. Class I studies critically evaluating established and evolving technologies continue to help shape our understanding of the surgical options for this condition.