Effects of Orengedoku-to and Senkanmeimoku-to, traditional herbal medicines, on the experimental elevation of aqueous flare in pigmented rabbits

We investigated the effects of Orengedoku-to (Huanglian-Jie-Du-Tang in Chinese) and Senkanmeimoku-to (Xygan-Ming-Mu-Tang in Chinese), traditional herbal medicines, on experimantal elevation of aqueous flare in pigmented rabbits. To produce the elevation of aqueous flare in rabbits, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was applied to the cornea with use of a glass cylinder, or lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were injected into the ear vein. Animals were pretreated by the oral administration of 150 g/day of food containing 0.7%, 0.2% or 0.07% (w/w) Orengedoku-to, or 2%, 0.6% or 0.2% (w/w) Senkanmeimoku-to for 5 days. Aqueous flare was measured with a laser flare-cell meter. Pretreatment with 0.7% or 0.2% Orengedoku-to and 2% Senkanmeimoku-to did suppress significantly (P < 0.05) elevation of aqueous flare induced by PGE2. Pretreatment with 0.7% or 0.2% Orengedoku-to and 2% or 0.6% Senkanmeimoku-to significantly suppressed (P < 0.001) elevation of aqueous flare induced by LPS. It is possible that Orengedoku-to and Senkanmeimoku-to may migrate some forms of uveitis.     

Effects of Orengedoku-to and Scutellariae radix extract on aqueous flare elevation induced by intravitreal IL-1alpha in pigmented rabbits

We investigated the effects of Orengedoku-to (huanglian-jie-du-tang in Chinese) and Scutellariae radix extract on experimental aqueous flare elevation in pigmented rabbits. To produce the elevation of aqueous flare in rabbits, interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1alpha) was injected intravitreally. Animals were pretreated with oral administration of 150 g/day of food containing 0.07%, 0.2% or 0.7% (w/w) Orengedoku-to; or 0.02%, 0.07% or 0.2% Scutellariae radix extract for 5 days. The animals were further treated with the same food for 7 days after intravitreal injection of IL-1alpha. Aqueous flare was measured with a laser flare-cell meter. Treatment with 0.2% or 0.7% Orengedoku-to and 0.07% or 0.2% Scutellariae radix extract significantly (p < 0.05) suppressed elevation of aqueous flare induced by IL-1alpha. Thus, orengedoku-to and Scutellariae radix extract have an inhibitory effect on experimental elevation of aqueous flare induced by IL-1alpha in rabbits.     

Effects of sairei-to on the relapse of steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome

Sairei-To (Chai-Ling-Tang) was administered to four patients with steroid-dependent relapsing nephrotic syndrome. It was associated with prednisolone and immunosuppressive agents. Histological diagnosis was minimal change in three patients and mild focal glomerulonephritis in one patient. After the start of Sairei-To administration the relapse was markedly suppressed in three patients but not at all in the other. Although we could consider Sairei-To effective for steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome in the present study, a larger study is necessary to confirm its efficacy.     

Effects of oral administration of Gardeniae fructus extract and intravenous injection of crocetin on lipopolysaccharide- and prostaglandin E2-induced elevation of aqueous flare in pigmented rabbits

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of extracts of Coptidis rhizoma, Phellodendri cortex and Gardeniae fructus, which are medicinal herbs in Orengedoku-to (Huanglin-Jie-Du-Tang in Chinese), and crocetin (a major component of Gardeniae fructus) on experimental elevation of aqueous flare in pigmented rabbits. To produce aqueous flare elevation, 0.5 microg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected into the ear vein, or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) 25 microg/ml, was applied to the cornea by means of a glass cylinder. Animals were pretreated by oral administration of 150 g/day of food containing 0.15% (w/w) extract powder of Coptidis rhizoma, 0.10% (w/w) extract powder of Phellodendri cortex or 0.15% (w/w) extract powder of Gardeniae fructus for 4 days, or by intravenous injection of crocetin, 0.3, 3, 30 or 300 microg/kg, 30 minutes before aqueous flare elevation. Aqueous flare was measured with a laser flare-cell meter. Aqueous flare intensity was expressed as the area under the curve (AUC) in arbitrary units. The AUC of LPS- and PGE2-induced aqueous flare elevation was 4685 and 1386 arbitrary units, respectively. Pretreatment by oral administration of 0.15% (w/w) extract of Coptidis rhizoma or 0.10% (w/w) extract of Phellodendri cortex did not inhibit LPS-induced aqueous flare elevation. Pretreatment by oral administration of 0.15% extract of Gardeniae fructus suppressed LPS-induced aqueous flare elevation (AUC: 1411 arbitrary units). Pretreatment by intravenous injection of 3, 30 or 300 microg/kg of crocetin-inhibited LPS-induced aqueous flare elevation in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with 3 or 30 microg/kg of crocetin did not inhibit PGE2-induced aqueous flare elevation, but 300 microg/kg of crocetin inhibited PGE2-induced aqueous flare elevation (AUC: 918 arbitrary units).     

清肝明目合剂治疗葡萄膜炎并发白内障术后反应观察

目的：探讨葡萄膜炎并发白内障术后反应的中医治疗效果。方法：在葡萄膜炎并发白内障术后常规点药的的基础上,比较口服清肝明目合剂和消炎痛片对术后反应的疗效。结果：清肝明目合剂治疗组效果优于消炎痛片对照组。结论：清肝明目合剂口服治疗葡萄膜炎并发白内障术后反应效果好、副作用少。     

后囊膜破裂后人工晶体植入术式探讨

目的:探讨白内障超声乳化术中后囊膜破裂后手术技术。方法:睫状沟植入后房人工晶体。结果:术后视力≥0.5者占85％,无明显瞳孔移位及人工晶体偏心。结论:此方法简便、安全、有效,值得临床推广应用。     

多焦视网膜电图检测对白内障术后视功能恢复的初步评估

目的评价术前多焦视网膜电图检测对判断白内障手术视功能预后的作用.方法应用RETI scan视诱发反应图像系统检测23例白内障患者39只眼和20例正常对照组23只眼的多焦视网膜电图(multifocal electroretinogram,m-ERG).测试视野以黄斑为中心30.,记录视网膜反应.结果 P波(环1)振幅密度与最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)呈正相关(P=0.000),术后最佳矫正视力≤0.5者(Ⅱ组)术后P波振幅密度与正常对照组比较差异有显着意义.结论多焦视网膜电图检测可以在一定程度较准确地评估白内障术后视功能恢复的情况.     

不同年龄白内障患者术后生存质量相关性研究

目的 评价不同年龄白内障患者手术前后生存质量改善状况,为手术前不同患者的心理准备工作提供参考依据.方法 我院近两年内行白内障手术的患者106名,按不同年龄分为A、B、C组,采用生存质量(quality of life,QOL)问卷在白内障手术前、后进行问卷调查并进行统计学分析.结果 不同年龄白内障患者的生存质量均有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论 确定白内障手术适应症时,应针对不同年龄人群对术后视力恢复要求的不同,术前应注重与患者的沟通,从而能更好地提高手术效果及生存质量.     

2种长度切口MSICS联合IOL植入术的角膜地形图分析

目的探讨2种长度切口对手法小切口白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术（manual small incisioncataract surgery with intra-ocular lens implantation,MSICS＋IOL）后角膜地形图的影响。方法将拟行MSICS＋IOL的患者89例89只眼（核硬度Ⅳ~Ⅴ级）分为2组,A组45只眼核硬度Ⅳ级,B组44只眼核硬度Ⅴ级,分别行5.5 mm、6.5 mm巩膜隧道切口的MSICS＋IOL,用角膜地形图仪观察手术前、手术后1周及1个月时的角膜形态变化。结果术后1周及1个月时,B组角膜表面散光值（cylinder,CYL）、平均角膜曲率（average cornealpower,ACP）值均大于A组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;术后1周,B组角膜表面非对称指数（surface asym-metry index,SAI）较A组增加,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,术后1个月时则与A组大致相同（P〉0.05）;2组术后1周、1个月的角膜表面规则指数（surface regularity index,SRI）差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论切口长度为5.5 mm的MSICS＋IOL手术较6.5 mm对术后早期角膜散光影响小;切口长度为5.5 mm的MSICS＋IOL手术和6.5 mm长度切口者对术后早期角膜的规则性影响相似。     

白内障手术的临床观察与对策

目的：总结行白内障手术患者的辨证施护方法及体会,以提高白内障手术患者的辨证施护效果.方法：回顾性分析在我科行白内障手术的185例患者的临床资料.结果：术后第1及4天,经有针对性辨证施护措施（心理、生活,术前、术后及出院指导）辨证施护的白内障手术患者的视力恢复情况较传统护理组的好,差异有显著性（P〈0.05或〈0.01）;而术后3个月的视力恢复情况则无明显差别（P〉0.05）.针对性辨证施护组的辨证施护及综合满意度分别为98.7%（156/158）,均明显高于传统辨证施护组的86.4%（57/66）和83.3%（55/66）,差异均有显著性意义（P〈0.01）.结论：对白内障手术患者应采用有针对性的辨证施护措施.     

青光眼合并白内障的三联手术治疗法

目的：总体青光眼合并白内障手术治疗的临床效果。方法 对１０６例９１４０只眼）白内障合并青光眼患者经白内障囊外摘出术、人工晶状体植入术和小梁切除术三联手术方法治疗后的随访资料进行回顾性分析。结果：术后矫正视力≥０．５者７２只眼（５１．４％），眼压长期控制者１３９只眼（９９．３％）。结论：三联手术用于治疗白内障合并青光眼是安全有效的。     

青光眼术后白内障超声乳化术中肝素处理人工晶状体植入的临床观察

目的观察青光眼术后白内障超声乳化吸除联合肝素表面处理折叠型人工晶状体植入术后对前房炎症反应的影响。方法对21例（34眼）青光眼术后白内障患者施行超声乳化吸除术，所有病例随机植入两种折叠型人工晶状体。应用裂隙灯检测测量并比较术前及术后1天、7天、30天及90天人工晶状体表面细胞沉积数，以评价前房炎症反应；并观察手术前后的视力、眼压及滤过泡和角膜内皮计数情况。结果术前二组患者房水闪辉值差异无统计学意义，植入肝素表面处理折叠型人工晶状体者，手术后7天内的人工晶状体表面细胞沉积数低于未经肝素处理组，而术后30天、90天时两种人工晶状体植入者之间差异无统计学意义。两组术后视力均明显提高，眼压控制稳定，角膜内皮功能正常。结论抗青光眼术后行白内障手术会使眼血-房水屏障功能受损，植入肝素表面处理折叠型人工晶状体能显著减轻白内障术后短期内的炎症反应，增加手术安全性。     

祛风活血丸预防白内障术后迟发型葡萄膜炎的效果观察

目的:观察祛风活血丸预防白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术后迟发型葡萄膜炎的效果。方法:将1457例施行白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术患者随机分为治疗组(729例729只眼)与对照组(728例728只眼)。对照组予眼局部点用抗生素、激素及短效扩瞳剂治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加服中药祛风活血丸。共观察4个疗程后比较两组迟发型葡萄膜炎发生率及发生时间。结果:发生迟发型葡萄膜炎者治疗组为16例(16只眼),发生率为2.195%;对照组为26例(26只眼),发生率为3.571%,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。迟发型葡萄膜炎的平均发生时间治疗组为25.76d,对照组为26.92d,组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:祛风活血丸能够明显降低白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术后迟发型葡萄膜炎的发生率,且能明显减轻眼局部症状,值得临床推广应用。     

青光眼白内障联合术后超声生物显微镜下房角结构的观察

目的探讨青光眼白内障联合手术对合井白内陴的原发性闭角型青光眼（primary angleclosure glauconla，PACG）的房角及其相关结构的影响。方法对合并白内障的PACG患者30例（30只眼）行白内障囊外摘除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术，用超声生物显微镜（ultrasound biomicroscopy，UBM）分别于术前和术后1个月进行房角结构测量。结果中央前房深度（ACD）、房角开放距离500（AOD500）、小梁虹膜角（TIA）、小梁睫状体距离（TCPD）术前术后比较差异均有显著性（均P〈0．05）。虹膜厚度1（IDI）术前术后比较差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论青光眼白内障联合手术可明显加深前房，增宽房角，重新开放小梁网。这有助于更好地控制眼压，减少术后浅前房等并发症的发生。     

异丙酚联合氯胺酮在白内障患儿手术中的应用

目的：探讨异丙酚联合氯胺酮在白内障患儿手术中的临床应用价值。方法：本文对行白内障手术的患儿采用异丙酚联合氯胺酮麻醉,并与单独使用氯胺酮麻醉的对照组进行了比较。结果：观察组和对照组患者用药后心率（HR）均有明显增快,但是观察组的心率明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。术中HR和SpO2平稳。另外,观察组患者中有1例出现恶心呕吐;而对照组中有2例出现恶心呕吐,2例出现呼吸抑制,1例出现躁动。观察组的并发症发生率明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：异丙酚联合氯胺酮麻醉,可收到较单纯的氯胺酮麻醉更好的麻醉效果,具有起效快,麻醉平稳,苏醒迅速,副作用极少等优点,是手术治疗小儿白内障的较为理想的麻醉方法。     

围手术期口服杞菊地黄丸对超声乳化白内障术后泪膜变化的影响

目的:探讨围手术期口服杞菊地黄丸对超声乳化白内障术后泪膜变化带来的的影响。方法:选取2011~2012年于我院超声乳化白内障联合人工晶体植入术围手术期患者72例为研究对象,所选患者均为手术眼发病。随即平均分为观察组36例和对照组36例。对照组采用常规治疗;观察组在常规治疗基础上加服杞菊地黄丸。通过观察两组患者术前及术后1d、7d、15d、30d的基础泪液分泌试验、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)及角膜荧光染色,探讨围手术期口服杞菊地黄丸对超声乳化白内障术后泪膜变化带来的的影响。结果:基础泪液分泌试验观察组结果略高于对照组,P>0.05。泪膜破裂时间(BUT)术后1d、7d、15d、30d观察组明显高于对照组,P<0.05。角膜荧光染色7d、15d、30d对照组明显高于观察组,P<0.05。结论:杞菊地黄丸在术后的维护泪膜稳定性,减缓不适症状发生,有切实可靠的效果。     

中医辨证联合倍然滴眼治疗白内障术后干眼症62例效果观察

目的：探讨中医辨证联合倍然滴眼治疗白内障术后干眼症的临床疗效。方法：随机选取我院收治的白内障术后干眼症患者62例,将其分成两组,即观察组和对照组,每组31例;对照组给予倍然滴眼治疗,观察组给予中医辨证与倍然滴眼联合治疗,观察两组患者治疗后其临床症状的改善情况,并进行比较。结果：观察组中,总有效率高达90.3%。对照组中,总有效率为77.4%。观察组的治疗效果与对照组比较,具有一定的优势,且P＜0.05,具有显著的统计学意义。结论：对于白内障术后干眼症患者,积极采用中医辨证联合倍然滴眼治疗,具有良好的临床效果,值得广泛应用和大力推广。     

针刺联合康复训练对髁状突骨折术后下颌功能恢复的影响

目的观察针刺联合康复训练对髁状突骨折(CF)术后下颌功能恢复的影响。方法将采用经耳屏前腮腺入路行翼外肌-髁状突解剖复位(ARLCW)后行微型钛板内固定技术(MTPIFT)治疗的80例CF患者随机分为治疗组及对照组,对照组40例术后10 d进行为期6周的张闭口功能训练及局部微波照射治疗,治疗组40例在对照组治疗基础加针刺治疗。观察2组治疗前后张口度变化及开口型异常情况,并统计临床疗效。结果治疗组优良率90%,对照组75%,2组优良率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),治疗组优良率高于对照组。2组治疗后张口度均较本组治疗前扩大(P0.05),开口型异常率减少(P0.05),且2组组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 ARLCW及MTPIFT术后行针刺联合康复训练治疗,可以有效促进颌功能重建,改善患者生理功能。     

中药熏蒸治疗白内障术后并发干眼疗效观察

目的:探究中药熏蒸治疗白内障术后干眼并发症的疗效。方法:选取手术治疗的白内障术后干眼并发症患者81例,采取随机数表法将患者分为观察组和对照组;对照组给予人工泪液眼药水进行治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上采用中药熏蒸;治疗1个月后,比较两组患者的单项主观症状、Schirmer、BUT、角膜荧光染色评分及疗效。结果:治疗前,两组患者的单项主观症状比较,无明显差异;治疗后观察组患者除烧灼感之外,其余各项差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组schirmer试验、BUT测定的数据低于对照组(P0.05),观察组角膜荧光素染色评分高于对照组(P0.05);观察组和对照组患者的总有效率为92.68%、77.50%,对照组低于观察组(P0.05)。结论:中药熏蒸能够有效改善患者的延长泪膜破裂时间、增加泪液分泌量,改善角膜染色,疗效显著。