肱骨远端全骨骺分离X线诊断(附34例分析)

目的：提高对肱骨远端全骨骺分离的Ｘ线认识与诊断水平。方法：收集整理肱骨远端全骨骺分离３４例，男性２５例，女性９例，最小年龄１０／１２岁，最大年龄８岁，平均４．２６岁。分析了其Ｘ线表现。结果：按照ＳａｌｔｅｒＨａｒｉｓ对骨骺分离分类，本文Ⅰ型损伤１３例，Ⅱ型损伤２１例。初诊正确２１例，误诊１３例。肱骨远端全骨骺分离典型Ｘ线表现为分离的肱骨小头骨骺与尺挠骨近端一起向尺侧移位，挠骨近段纵轴延长线通过肱骨小头骨骺中心，伴有肱骨干骺端内侧骨骺分离。结论：在日常工作中，从Ｘ线片上可见的影像去判断不显影部分的损伤，可提高对肱骨远端全骨骺分离的Ｘ线诊断水平     

肱骨远端全骨骺分离的X线诊断

作者报告20例肱骨远端全骨骺分离,男13例,女7例,年龄1～8岁,其中3岁以下有13例;右侧肘关节8例,左侧12例。根据Salter-Harris骨骺损伤的分类法,本组病例均属于Ⅱ型骨骺损伤。X线表现为肱骨小头骨骺包括干骺端骨片与尺挠骨一起发生移位,桡骨和肱骨小头骨骺的关系没有变化,不论肘关节位置如何,桡骨的纵轴延伸线总是通过肱骨小头骨骺的中心。尺桡骨关系正常,根据     

儿童长骨生长板损伤组织学和影像诊断

目的：认识儿童生长板损伤不同类型的预后及易发生畸形的类型。方法：30例1～9岁儿童肘关节肱骨远端骺软骨骨折X线资料,3例肱骨远端生长板损伤MR成像,4例膝和踝关节生长板骨折MR成像,另有11只实验兔骨骺牵拉延长术后平片、微血管摄影和病理切片。生长板损伤采用Salter-Harris分类法分为5型。结果：第3型,骨折线垂直经过骨骺然后水平向生长板裂开;第4型,骨折经过骨骺穿过生长板至干骺端骨折;第5型,损伤生长板的问叶细胞。上述三种类型都可发生骨骺早闭。而第1型（骨骺牵拉分离）和第2型（骨折线经生长板进入干骺端）一般预后好,不发生畸形。结论：儿童肘关节创伤X线平片和MRI可显示骨折解剖,准确的分型和判断预后是非常重要的。     

肱骨远端全骺分离的X线诊断（附12例报告）

肱骨远端全骺分离的Ｘ线诊断（附１２例报告）陕西省渭南地区医院放射科张耀森陕西省渭南地区医院骨科刘铁战肱骨远端全骺分离是婴幼儿肘部损伤中一种罕见的疾患，是发生在肱骨远端髁上较低的生长板与干骺连接部位的骨折［１］。由于肱骨远端骨骺化骨核在婴幼儿期尚未出现...     

34例肱骨远端全骨骺分离X线诊断分析

肱骨远端全骨骺分离为肘关节外伤中不常见的骨骺损伤,是髁上骨折发生在幼儿发育时期的一种特殊类型损伤,占全身骨折０－１６％［１］,肘关节损伤０－９４％［２］,肱骨远端骨骺损伤６％［３］,常与肱骨髁上骨折、肱骨小头骨骺分离（外髁骨折）和肘关节脱位等相混淆而发生误诊。为了提高对肱骨远端全骨骺分离的临床Ｘ线诊断水平,现将我院收治此类损伤３４例分析如下。１　临床资料我院自１９８３年１月～１９８７年６月共收治肱骨远端全骨骺分离３４例,年龄分布为１０／１２～３岁２３例,４～６岁８例,７～８岁３例。１～６岁共计３…     

MRI Diagnosis of Acute Haematogenous Osteomyelitis of Long Bone in Infants

目的 探讨婴儿长骨急性血源性骨髓炎的MRI表现及其诊断价值.资料与方法 21例长骨急性血源性骨髓炎病例均经临床及病理证实,9例采用Siemens Novus 0.35 T MR机,12例采用Siemens Avant0 1.5 T超导型MR机对病灶及邻近关节行轴位、矢状位及冠状位扫描.结果 将婴儿长骨急性血源性骨髓炎分为三种类型:(1)骨骺干骺型(16例):病变位于股骨干骺端6例、胫骨干骺端5例、肱骨干骺端5例.16例长骨干骺端病灶合并骨骺及骺板受累、化脓性关节炎,其中2例合并骨膜下脓肿,1例合并骨骺分离,1例合并关节脱位,病灶在T1WI呈低或稍低信号,T2WI、PD-STIR及梯度回波序列呈高信号,以PD-STIR显示更明显;(2)干骺型(3例):病变位于股骨干骺端2例,胫骨干骺端1例,无骺板及骨骺受累,病灶呈片状稍长T1、长T2信号;(3)骨干型(2例):病变位于胫骨及尺桡骨骨干各1例,MRI表现为骨干广泛骨质破坏及骨膜反应.2例增强扫描髓腔内病灶及周围软组织见不均匀斑片状强化.结论 婴儿长骨急性血源性骨髓炎有其自身发病特点,认识其病理解剖学基础及MRI表现,对评价骨髓炎的严重程度及预后有十分重要的意义.     

肱骨远端全骨骺分离X线诊断(附28例报告)

肱骨远端全骨骺分离是幼儿少见的骨骺损伤,因该部位骨骺尚未出现或仅出现一个肱骨小骨骺,骨折块大部分是软骨,X线征象少,常发生误诊和漏诊,甚至因处理不当而发生肘外翻畸形和功能障碍.本文对28例肱骨远端全骨骺分离的X线表现进行回顾性分析,旨在提高对本病的认识.     

儿童胫骨远端生长板骨折的MRI诊断价值

目的:评估儿童胫骨远端生长板骨折的MRI诊断价值及临床意义。方法:34例儿童胫骨远端生长板骨折患者,就诊当天行CR检查,1周内行MRI检查,并用CR、MRI随访复查1个月²年。结果:根据Salter-Harris分型,29例中Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱ型13例,Ⅲ型5例,Ⅳ型8例,Ⅴ型1例。三平面骨折5例。骺板骨折MRI主要表现:生长板连续性中断和/(或)台阶状,生长板内可见局限性水平、垂直、斜行的线状异常信号,部分与骨骺或干骺端骨折线相连。随访:骺早闭2例;骨桥形成13例,其中中央型3例,周围型6例,线样4例。6个月时发现骨桥形成10例及胫骨远端骨梗死4例,2例1年时检出骨桥,1例1年6个月时检出骨桥。1例骨桥致成角畸形行手术治疗。结论:儿童胫骨远端生长板骨折的MRI检查(特别是伤后1周2年。结果:根据Salter-Harris分型,29例中Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱ型13例,Ⅲ型5例,Ⅳ型8例,Ⅴ型1例。三平面骨折5例。骺板骨折MRI主要表现:生长板连续性中断和/(或)台阶状,生长板内可见局限性水平、垂直、斜行的线状异常信号,部分与骨骺或干骺端骨折线相连。随访:骺早闭2例;骨桥形成13例,其中中央型3例,周围型6例,线样4例。6个月时发现骨桥形成10例及胫骨远端骨梗死4例,2例1年时检出骨桥,1例1年6个月时检出骨桥。1例骨桥致成角畸形行手术治疗。结论:儿童胫骨远端生长板骨折的MRI检查(特别是伤后1周⁶个月)具有重要临床意义。     

儿童肱骨远端全骨骺分离骨折6例诊治体会

儿童肱骨远端全骨骺分离骨折较少见，易误诊为肘关节脱位而延误治疗。2000年8月～2005年1月，我们共收治儿童肱骨远端全骨骺分离骨折6例，其中误诊为肘关节脱位2例。现报告如下。1临床资料1．1一般情况6例中，男4例，女2例；年龄4～10岁，平均5．5岁。受伤至入院时间3～16h。均为闭合性骨折。患肢肘部肿胀明显，肘关节活动受限，肱骨远端有压痛。患侧前臂、手部皮肤感觉无异常，腕、掌、指关节活动正常。     

婴儿长骨急性血源性骨髓炎的MRI表现及其诊断价值

目的探讨婴儿长骨急性血源性骨髓炎的MRI表现及其诊断价值。资料与方法 21例长骨急性血源性骨髓炎病例均经临床及病理证实,9例采用Siemens Novus 0.35 T MR机,12例采用Siemens Avanto 1.5 T超导型MR机对病灶及邻近关节行轴位、矢状位及冠状位扫描。结果将婴儿长骨急性血源性骨髓炎分为三种类型:(1)骨骺干骺型(16例):病变位于股骨干骺端6例、胫骨干骺端5例、肱骨干骺端5例。16例长骨干骺端病灶合并骨骺及骺板受累、化脓性关节炎,其中2例合并骨膜下脓肿,1例合并骨骺分离,1例合并关节脱位,病灶在T1WI呈低或稍低信号,T2WI、PD-STIR及梯度回波序列呈高信号,以PD-STIR显示更明显;(2)干骺型(3例):病变位于股骨干骺端2例,胫骨干骺端1例,无骺板及骨骺受累,病灶呈片状稍长T1、长T2信号;(3)骨干型(2例):病变位于胫骨及尺桡骨骨干各1例,MRI表现为骨干广泛骨质破坏及骨膜反应。2例增强扫描髓腔内病灶及周围软组织见不均匀斑片状强化。结论婴儿长骨急性血源性骨髓炎有其自身发病特点,认识其病理解剖学基础及MRI表现,对评价骨髓炎的严重程度及预后有十分重要的意义。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.