EC9706和Eca109细胞中雷帕霉素靶蛋白信号通路激活状态观察

目的:观察低分化的食管鳞癌细胞EC9706和高分化的食管鳞癌细胞Eca109中雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)信号转导通路的激活状态.方法:采用细胞免疫组织化学方法检测EC9706和Eca109细胞中mTOR及其下游靶分子p70S6K的表达和定位,并采用RT-PCR和Western blot方法分别从mRNA及蛋白水平检测此通路的活性.结果:在2种细胞中mTOR均有表达,且在EC9706细胞中的表达水平高于Eca109(P＜0.05);EC9706细胞中mTOR下游靶点的磷酸化水平高于Eca109细胞(P＜0.05).结论:在2种食管鳞癌细胞中,mTOR信号通路均特异性激活;但激活状态与细胞的分化程度有关,细胞分化程度低者通路的激活水平较高.     

过表达KLF7对食管鳞状癌细胞的增殖和迁移的影响

目的 探索Kruppel-like factor 7(KLF7)对食管鳞癌细胞Eca109细胞增殖、迁移和周期的影响。方法 利用生物信息学方法研究KLF7在食管鳞癌组织中的表达模式及其与患者预后、病理分级的关系。利用Real-time PCR、Western blot与细胞免疫荧光技术研究食管鳞癌细胞中KLF7的表达模式与亚细胞定位。利用KLF7过表达质粒(pcDNA-3.10-KLF7)细胞转染实现KLF7在Eca109食管鳞癌细胞中过表达。采用平板克隆计数和CCK-8检测研究细胞增殖能力,利用Transwell研究细胞迁移能力,利用流式细胞术检测细胞周期。结果 KLF7在食管癌组织和细胞中均有表达,其表达水平与患者病理分级显著相关(P<0.05),与患者生存率无显著相关性。食管癌细胞系(Eca109和EC9706)中KLF7的表达水平显著高于正常食管上皮细胞(Het-1A,P<0.05),并且Het-1A细胞中KLF7高表达于细胞质和细胞核,而2种食管癌细胞Eca109和EC9706中KLF7仅高表达于细胞核,在Eca109细胞中过表达KLF7后改变细胞周期、促进细胞的...     

Stathmin基因在食管鳞癌中的表达及生物学意义

目的 探讨Stathmin基因在食管鳞癌(ESCC)中的表达及其与ESCC发生、发展的关系.方法 应用原位杂交和免疫组织化学法检测3株食管鳞癌细胞EC9706、Eca109和EC-1及75例食管鳞癌组织、25例癌旁不典型增生组织和正常食管黏膜组织中Stathmin mRNA和蛋白的表达,并分析Stathmin基因表达与临床病理特征的关系.结果 StathminmRNA和蛋白在3株食管鳞癌细胞EC9706、Eca109和EC-1中均呈高表达,阳性表达率>80%.在75例食管鳞癌组织标本中,Stathmin mRNA和蛋白的阳性表达率分别为82.7%和81.3%,与癌旁不典型增生组织及正常食管黏膜组织比较有显著性差异(χ2=19.204、25.03,均P<0.01).Stathmin mRNA和蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中的表达呈正相关(r=0.413,P=0.000).不同分化程度、有无淋巴结转移、肿瘤浸润深度和TNM分级的食管鳞癌组织之间Stathmin mRNA和蛋白表达差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05).结论 食管鳞癌细胞株及组织中Stathmin mRNA及蛋白高表达,与食管鳞癌的分化程度、淋巴结转移、肿瘤浸润深度及TNM分期显著相关,Stathmin可能与食管鳞癌发生发展有关.Stathmin对ESCC的早期诊断及预后判断均有重要意义.Stathmin有望成为理想的生物治疗靶点.     

EC9706、Eca109细胞系中S100A4及基质金属蛋白酶-2的表达

目的:检测食管鳞状细胞癌EC9706、Eca109细胞系中S100A4及基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2,的表达.方法:采用免疫细胞化学法和Western blotting法检测EC9706、Eca109中S100A4蛋白及MMP-2蛋白的表达,采用RT-PCR法检测EC9706和Eca109细胞中S100A4与MMP-2的mRNA表达.结果:EC9706、Eca109细胞系中均存在S100A4与MMP-2蛋白及mRNA的表达,S100A4蛋白及MMP-2蛋白的阳性表达主要定位于胞浆中,Eca109细胞系中偶见胞核着色.Eca109细胞系中S100A4与MMP-2蛋白和S100A4 mRNA的表达量高于EC9706(P<0.05).结论:在EC9706、Eca109细胞系中均有S100A4、MMP-2的表达,提示S100A4可能在食管鳞状细胞癌的发生、发展中起重要作用.     

烟草提取物与环氧化酶-2对食管鳞癌细胞株增生作用的研究

目的通过研究烟草提取物对食管鳞癌细胞系EC109和EC9706的促增生作用,探索烟草致癌的机制。方法将人食管鳞癌细胞株EC109和EC9706与烟草提取物孵育后,用噻唑蓝法定量检测细胞增生情况,用反转录聚合酶链反应法检测其环氧化酶-2(COX-2)的mRNA表达情况。结果细胞培养结果表明,2种烟草提取物对EC109和EC9706细胞株的促增生作用均具有时间依赖性的特点,但剂量依赖性不明显。组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。烟草乙醇提取物(EE)的促增生作用与COX-2基因表达增强相关。结论烟草提取物对食管鳞癌细胞存在促增生作用,且这种促增生作用可能与COX-2的表达增强有关。     

人食管鳞癌细胞株中RIZ1基因启动子区甲基化状态的研究

目的:探讨6种人食管鳞癌细胞株KYSE150,KYSE510,TE13,EC9706,CaEs17和EC109中RIZ1基因启动子区的甲基化状态;观察特异性DNA甲基转移酶抑制剂5-Aza-CdR对存在甲基化的细胞株RIZ1基因的转录调控作用及其对该细胞生长增殖的影响。方法:甲基化特异PCR(MSP)法检测6种人食管鳞癌细胞株中RIZ1基因启动子区的甲基化状态;实时定量PCR法检测5-Aza-CdR处理前后RIZ1基因启动子区CpG岛高度甲基化的人食管鳞癌细胞株TE13中RIZ1 mRNA表达量的变化;MTT法检测5-Aza-CdR对TE13细胞生长增殖的影响。结果:(1)6种人食管鳞癌细胞株中TE13,CaEs17,EC109三株细胞RIZ1基因启动子区存在甲基化;(2)5-Aza-CdR处理细胞株TE13后,RIZ1 mRNA表达量上调;(3)5-Aza-CdR能抑制TE13的生长增殖,并随时间的延长和浓度的增加抑制作用变明显。结论:启动子区CpG岛高度甲基化是人食管鳞癌细胞株TE13 RIZ1基因表达沉默的重要原因;5-Aza-CdR能使TE13 RIZ1 mRNA表达上调;并能抑制TE13细胞的生长增殖,并呈时间和浓度依赖性。     

自分泌运动因子对EC9706、Eca109及EC-1细胞丝切蛋白磷酸化的影响

目的:探讨自分泌运动因子(AMF)对食管鳞状细胞癌细胞中丝切蛋白磷酸化水平的影响.方法:构建真核表达载体pEGFP-Cl-AMF和pcDNA3.1(+)-AMF,脂质体法转染食管鳞状细胞癌细胞EC9706、Eca109及EC-1,荧光显微镜观察EGFP-AMF融合蛋白在细胞中的定位,RT-PCR和Western Blot法检测转染细胞中AMF mRNA和蛋白的表达,Western Blot检测转染前后细胞中磷酸化丝切蛋白表达的变化.结果:EGFP-AMF融合蛋白均定位于3种细胞的胞质中;转染pcDNA3.1(+)-AMF、未转染及转染pcDNA3.1(+)的EC9706、Eca109及EC-1细胞中AMF mRNA表达(F分别为411.516、475.759和144.857,P均<0.001)及磷酸化丝切蛋白的表达(F分别为40.482、67.125和498.219,P均<0.001)差异均有统计学意义,转染pcDNA3.1(+)-AMF的细胞中AMF mRNA及磷酸化丝切蛋白的表达均较未转染和转染pcDNA3.1(+)的细胞显著增高(P<0.05).结论:AMF能够提高食管鳞状细胞癌细胞株丝切蛋白磷酸化水平.     

siRNA阻断NF-κB信号通路对食管鳞癌细胞增殖、耐药的影响

目的:通过RNA干扰(RNAi)阻断食管鳞癌细胞中NF-κB信号通路,研究其与肿瘤细胞增殖、耐药的关系.方法:使用NF-κB p65 siRNA分别转染人食管鳞癌Eca109和EC9706细胞72 h,以未转染的Eca109和EC9706细胞为对照,采用Western blot检测p65蛋白的表达;MTT法检测转染NF-κB p65 siRNA 24 h、48 h、72 h后Eca109和EC9706细胞的增殖情况及转染同时联合应用不同质量浓度5-Fu(0 mg/L,16.35 mg/L,32.7 mg/L,327 mg/L,3 270mg/L,6 540 mg/L)对Eca109和EC9706细胞增殖的影响.结果:①NF-κB亚单位p65在Eca109和EC9706细胞质中高表达,p65 siRNA可有效阻断p65蛋白表达.②MTT实验表明,转染组细胞存活率较未转染组明显下降(P＜0.05);与化疗药5-Fu联用,转染组和未转染组细胞的增殖活性随着5-Fu浓度的增加有下降趋势,但在同一浓度,转染p65siRNA的细胞与未转染组相比,细胞增殖活性明显下降(P＜0.05).结论:应用RNAi技术可有效干扰p65的表达,抑制食管鳞癌细胞的增殖,增强对化疗药5-Fu的敏感性.因此,可将阻断NF-κB信号通路作为基因治疗的靶点.     

HOXA1基因反义寡核苷酸对食管癌细胞生长的影响

  目的  探讨同源异形盒A1(HOXA1)基因反义寡核苷酸（ASODN）对食管癌细胞增殖、凋亡、侵袭和迁移的影响及机制。  方法  采用蛋白免疫印迹（Western blot）检测正常食管上皮细胞Het-1A和人食管鳞癌TE-1、EC9706和Eca109细胞HOXA1蛋白的表达,筛选高表达的食管鳞癌细胞进行后续实验;设计合成HOXA1 ASODN链、正义寡核苷酸(SODN)链及无义寡核苷酸（N-ODN）链;将筛选出的高表达的食管鳞癌细胞分为HOXA1 ASODN组（5、10、15 μmol/L的HOXA1 ASODN转染Eca109细胞）、对照组（细胞常规培养,不进行细胞转染）、SODN组（细胞转染15 μmol/L的SODN）和N-ODN组（细胞转染15 μmol/L的N-ODN）。采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法、流式细胞术、Transwell小室分别检测细胞活力、凋亡率及侵袭迁移能力;Western blot检测HOXA1、磷酸化的丝氨酸苏氨酸激酶（p-AKT）、细胞增殖核抗原(PCNA)、基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)、B细胞淋巴瘤-2蛋白（B-cell lymphoma 2,Bcl-2）和Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)蛋白表达。  结果  与正常食管上皮细胞Het-1A比较,人食管鳞癌TE-1、EC9706和Eca109细胞HOXA1蛋白表达均升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。HOXA1蛋白在Eca109细胞表达最高,因此选用Eca109细胞进行后续实验。转染HOXA1 ASODN的Eca109细胞HOXA1蛋白表达降低（P<0.05）。随着Eca109细胞转染HOXA1 ASODN浓度及时间增加,Eca109细胞活力降低,与对照、SODN、N-ODN组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。15 μmol/L的HOXA1 ASODN转染Eca109细胞后,与对照组比较,细胞侵袭和迁移能力降低,凋亡率升高,p-AKT、PCNA和MMP-2蛋白表达降低,Bax蛋白表达升高（P<0.05）。  结论  HOXA1基因反义寡核苷酸可抑制食管癌细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移能力,并诱导凋亡,机制与抑制磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶（PI3K）/AKT信号通路可能有关。     

辣椒素对食管鳞状细胞癌细胞凋亡和NF-κB信号通路相关蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨辣椒素对食管鳞状细胞癌(食管鳞癌)细胞凋亡和NF-κB信号通路的影响。方法:采用Westernblot法检测食管鳞癌EC9706和Eca109细胞中IκBα、磷酸化IκBα(pIκBα)、p50和p65蛋白的表达及0、50、100和200μmol/L辣椒素作用后pIκBα和Bcl-2蛋白的表达;凝胶滞留实验检测2种食管鳞癌细胞胞核中NF-κB与DNA的结合活性及0、100和200μmol/L辣椒素作用对NF-κB与DNA结合活性的影响。2种食管鳞癌细胞分别分为对照组、5-FU组、辣椒素组和联合组,流式细胞仪检测各组细胞凋亡情况。结果:2种食管鳞癌细胞胞质均表达IκBα和pIκBα蛋白,胞核均表达p50和p65蛋白;随辣椒素作用浓度的增加,pIκBα和Bcl-2蛋白的表达逐渐下降,NF-κB与DNA的结合活性也逐渐下降。辣椒素可促进2种食管鳞癌细胞的凋亡,与5-FU联合使用时,凋亡细胞显著增加(EC9706:F辣椒素=2535.497,F交互=113.034,P<0.001;Eca109:F辣椒素=5984.040,F交互=5.150,P<0.05)。结论:辣椒素可能通过抑制IκBα的磷酸化阻断NF-κB信号通路,促进食管鳞癌细胞凋亡。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.