灯盏花素对老年脑卒中病人血清hs-CRP、TNF-α水平及预后的影响

目的探讨灯盏花素对老年脑卒中病人血清超敏-C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平及预后的影响。方法将76例老年脑卒中病人随机分为对照组和研究组,各38例。对照组采用常规西药治疗,研究组在对照组基础上采用灯盏花素治疗。采用乳胶免疫增强透射比浊法(LETIA)测定血清hs-CRP水平,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定血清TNF-α水平。观察并比较两组临床疗效、血清hs-CRP及TNF-α水平美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表(NIHSS)、急性生理和慢性健康状况评价系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分、格拉斯哥昏迷评分量表(GCS)变化及不良反应发生情况。结果研究组总有效率(94.74%)高于对照组(65.79%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后两组血清hs-CRP、TNF-α较治疗前降低(P0.05),且研究组低于对照组(P0.05);治疗后两组NIHSS、APACHEⅡ评分低于治疗前,GCS评分高于治疗前(P0.05),且研究组NIHSS、APPACHEⅡ评分低于对照组,GCS评分高于对照组(P0.05)。研究组药物不良反应发生率为5.26%,低于对照组的21.05%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论灯盏花素治疗老年脑卒中,可降低病人血清hs-CRP、TNF-α水平,进而改善预后。     

灯盏花素联合参麦注射液对急性缺血性脑卒中神经保护作用的临床研究

目的 观察灯盏花素联合参麦注射液对急性缺血性脑卒中的神经体液因子的影响.方法 将48例急性缺血性脑卒中患者随机分为两组.对照组予常规西药治疗;治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加用灯盏花素注射液联合参麦注射液治疗.疗程均为3 d.观察治疗前后血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、血清S100B蛋白及中医证候积分的变化.结果 治疗后两组CRP、TNF-α、血清S100B蛋白、中医证候积分均较治疗前下降(P<0.05);治疗组下降幅度大于对照组(P<0.05).结论 灯盏花素联合参麦注射液能抑制缺血性脑卒中急性期炎症反应,改善中风患者临床症状,有利于促进急性缺血性脑血管病患者神经功能的恢复,这提示益气活血法对急性缺血性脑血管病有一定的神经保护作用.     

阿司匹林、阿托伐他汀联合青霉素对急性脑梗死患者的影响

目的探讨阿司匹林、阿托伐他汀联合青霉素对急性脑梗死患者的影响。方法选取2015年4月—2017年4月黄冈市蕲春县人民医院收治的急性脑梗死患者150例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组75例。在对症治疗基础上,对照组患者给予阿司匹林治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上加用阿托伐他汀和青霉素。比较两组患者临床疗效,治疗前后美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分,血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、神经生长因子(NGF)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平。结果观察组患者临床疗效优于对照组(P0.05)。治疗前两组患者NIHSS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后观察组患者NIHSS评分低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗前两组患者血清NSE、NGF水平,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后观察组患者NSE水平低于对照组,血清NGF水平高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗前两组患者血清hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后观察组患者血清hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α水平低于对照组(P0.05)。结论阿司匹林、阿托伐他汀联合青霉素治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效确切,可有效改善患者神经功能,降低血清炎性因子水平。     

参麦注射液联合灯盏花素注射液治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的临床研究

目的观察参麦注射液联合灯盏花素注射液改善急性缺血性脑卒中病人神经功能、颈动脉粥样硬化斑块、血管内皮功能的临床效果。方法选取2017年1月—2018年6月邯郸市第二医院收治的132例急性缺血性脑卒中病人,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组66例。对照组给予常规西药治疗;观察组在对照组基础上加用参麦注射液联合灯盏花素注射液治疗。比较两组临床疗效,评定治疗前后神经功能缺损程度,检测颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)、斑块面积,监测外周血清中6-酮-前列腺素1α(6-keto-PGF1α)、血栓素B_2(TXB_2)、一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素(ET)水平。结果观察组总有效率90.91%,明显高于对照组的78.79%(P0.05)。治疗后,观察组美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分低于对照组(P0.05);颈动脉粥样硬化斑块IMT、斑块面积均较对照组明显缩小(P0.05);TXB_2、ET水平较对照组明显降低,6-keto-PGF1α、NO水平较对照组明显上升(P0.05)。对照组不良反应发生率为27.27%,明显高于观察组的10.61%(P0.05)。结论参麦注射液联合灯盏花素注射液利于修复急性缺血性脑卒中病人受损的神经功能,减小颈动脉IMT,缩小和稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块,减轻血管内皮细胞损伤。     

灯盏花素、丹参酮联合治疗不稳定型心绞痛疗效观察

目的研究对不稳定型心绞痛采用灯盏花素联合丹参酮治疗的疗效。方法选取2015年9月~2016年8月本院接收的不稳定型心绞痛患者80例为研究对象,将其分成观察组与对照组,各40例。给予对照组常规治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上进行灯盏花素联合丹参酮治疗,对两组患者的治疗疗效进行观察比较。结果观察组治疗总有效率显著较对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对不稳定型心绞痛患者采用灯盏花素联合丹参酮治疗疗效确切,不良反应少,值得在临床广泛应用。     

灯盏花素联合α-硫辛酸治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的疗效

目的观察灯盏花素联合α-硫辛酸治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的疗效。方法 90例糖尿病周围神经病变患者分为2组。治疗组45例,每日给予灯盏花素40 mg,α-硫辛酸600mg。对照组45例,每日给予甲钴胺500μg。2组疗程皆为4周。结果治疗组临床疗效、神经传导速度改善明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论灯盏花素联合α-硫辛酸治疗可明显改善糖尿病周围神经病变。     

脑血疏口服液联合阶梯降压策略对高血压脑出血病人血肿吸收速度及神经功能恢复的影响

目的探讨脑血疏口服液联合阶梯降压策略对高血压脑出血病人血肿吸收速度及神经功能恢复的影响。方法将90例高血压脑出血病人根据治疗方案不同分为观察组42例和对照组48例。对照组给予常规治疗,采取阶梯降压策略,观察组在对照组基础上加用脑血疏口服液治疗。评估两组治疗疗效,比较两组血清炎症因子、血肿吸收速度、神经功能恢复及生活质量。结果观察组与对照组临床治疗总有效率为90.48%、72.92%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组治疗前血清炎症因子水平、血肿体积、神经功能及生活质量比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组治疗后血清炎症因子水平显著降低,美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、Barthel指数(BI)评分明显改善,观察组治疗3d、对照组治疗7d血肿体积显著缩小,与治疗前相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。但与对照组相比,观察组治疗后血清白细胞介素(IL)-4、IL-6及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α水平显著降低,治疗3d、7d、14d血肿体积显著减小,血肿扩大率(4.76%与18.75%)显著降低,NIHSS评分显著降低,BI评分显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论脑血疏口服液联合阶梯降压策略治疗高血压脑出血,可有效提高血肿吸收速度,减轻炎症反应,促进病人神经功能恢复与生活质量改善。     

低分子肝素联合灯盏花素治疗慢性肺心病急性加重期30例

目的 观察低分子肝素联合灯盏花素治疗慢性肺心病急性加重期的临床疗效.方法 将2003年1月-2007年12月我院呼吸内科收治的慢性肺心病急性加重期患者60例随机分为两组.对照组采用常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上给予低分子肝素和灯盏花素治疗10 d,观察两组疗效.结果 治疗组总有效率为86.7%,对照组总有效率为63.3%,两组总有效率比较有统计学意义(P＜0.05);两组治疗后血气分析各项指标均较治疗前有明显改善(P＜0.01),两组间比较亦有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在常规治疗基础上加用低分子肝素和灯盏花素可以明显提高慢性肺心病急性加重期患者的疗效.     

灯盏花素注射液联合康复功能训练治疗脑卒中的疗效及对病人早期认知障碍的影响

目的探讨灯盏花素注射液联合康复功能训练治疗脑卒中的疗效及对病人早期认知障碍的影响。方法选择2013年11月—2016年11月我院就诊的脑卒中病人150例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各75例。在常规治疗基础上,对照组采用康复功能训练,观察组康复训练联合灯盏花素注射液,连续治疗14 d。比较两组治疗前后美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)、Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分法(FMA)、日常生活能力(Barthel指数)、洛文斯顿作业疗法认知成套测试(LOTCA)的变化,并比较临床疗效。结果治疗后,两组NIHSS评分、FAM评分、Barthel指数及LOTCA量表各项指标评分较治疗前均显著改善(P 0.01);观察组NIHSS评分明显低于对照组,FMA评分、Barthel指数均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.01);LOTCA量表中,观察组定向力、知觉力、思维操作、注意及专注力、视运动组织力评分均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P 0.01);观察组临床疗效总有效率明显高于对照组(90.67%与76.00%,P 0.05)。结论脑卒中病人应用灯盏花素注射液联合康复功能训练治疗,有助于早期改善认知功能障碍,促进神经功能恢复,提高日常生活能力。     

灯盏花素防治老年病人经皮冠状动脉介入术后谵妄的临床研究

目的观察灯盏花素干预老年病人经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后谵妄的临床疗效。方法选取2017年4月1日—2017年10月31日广州医科大学附属第三医院收治的择期行PCI术病人90例,随机分成空白对照组、灯盏花素A组、灯盏花素B组,各30例。对照组给予常规西医治疗;灯盏花素A组在对照组基础上给予灯盏花素注射液10 mg,加入5%葡萄糖注射液250 mL静脉输注,每日1次,术前1～2 d维持,疗程为3 d;灯盏花素B组在对照组基础上给予灯盏花素注射液20 mg,加入5%葡萄糖注射液250 mL静脉输注,每日1次,术前1～2 d维持,疗程为3 d。观察各组术前、术后认知功能、谵妄评分及神经系统受损情况。结果治疗后,灯盏花素A组、灯盏花素B组谵妄评分较对照组稍低,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,灯盏花素A组、灯盏花素B组血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、S-100β蛋白及丙二醛(MDA)水平均低于对照组(P0.05);血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)较对照组均明显升高(P0.05),且灯盏花素B组治疗后SOD、GSH-Px水平高于灯盏花素A组(P0.05)。结论灯盏花素可有效防止PCI术后病人谵妄的发生,改善病人认知功能,其机制可能与提高SOD、GSH-Px水平相关。     

肿瘤病人弓形虫感染分析

在肿瘤的发生和发展进程中 ,多伴有免疫功能低下或缺陷 ,从而极易遭受各种感染。弓形虫是机会感染因子 ,当患者免疫功能受损时 ,易于感染 ,还会使隐性感染激活 ,引起低热不退、淋巴结肿和脑神经系统的反应 ,此现象尚未引起临床医师的重视。近年来 ,我们对 4 0 9例肿瘤病人进行了弓形虫感染及弓形虫病的分析观察 ,报告如下 :1　材料与方法1 1　材料　 30 4例病人血清取自江西省肿瘤医院住院或门诊病人 ,随机抽样后低温保存待检 ,10 5例取自其他医院送检样品 ,有急性症状者随到随检 ,以便及时做病原学检测。1 2　弓形虫病诊断方法1 2 1　免疫…     

A patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis presenting with perforated peritonitis

We report a patient with rectal ulcer with severe stenosis, who underwent urgent surgical treatment for perforated peritonitis. The 54-year-old man suddenly developed cramping abdominal pain and fever while hospitalized, with signs of peritoneal irritation. An emergency laparotomy was performed, and severe stenosis of the rectum and a perforated lesion on the oral side approximately 10 cm distant from the stenosis were found, with massive abdominal purulent fluid. He was treated by rectosigmoid colon resection with transverse colon loop colostomy. Histopathologically, the stenosis was caused by ulceration extending to all muscular layers of the rectum, with inflammatory changes. Benign rectal stenosis is so rare that differential diagnosis from malignancy may be difficult when there are inflammatory changes in the surrounding tissues. However, it is necessary to keep in mind the likelihood of this disease in differentiation from rectal cancer. Received: December 21, 1998 / Accepted: May 28, 1999     

Infection with Rhodococcus equi in a patient with sarcoidosis treated with corticosteroids

A 51-year-old female farmer was diagnosed as having sarcoidosis. During 4 years of observation, slow radiological progression was observed. Cough then developed, necessitating treatment with corticosteroids. After 28 months of continuous treatment with prednisolone in low doses (5-7.5 mg daily), she suffered fever episodes, recurrent haemoptyses, general malaise and loss of weight. A chest roentgenogram showed a left upper lobe infiltrate, which progressed and finally cavitated, and rib destruction. Despite efforts, including a thoracotomy, 22 months passed before a diagnosis could be made. Blood and sputum cultures and cultures from the destroyed rib showed growth of Rhodococcus equi, a common soil organism which can cause infections in foals and other animals. Treatment with rifampicin and erythromycin was successful. R. equi has been reported to cause infection in patients with neoplastic disease and/or immunosuppression, but the disease might be more common than is suggested by the sparse case reports in the literature, owing to lack of familiarity with the organism, which will tend to be overlooked as a contaminant.     

Evaluation of atrial vulnerability with transoesophageal stimulation in patients with atrioventricular junctional: Comparison with patients with ventricular pre-excitation and with normal subjects

The aim of our work was to evaluate the inducibility of atrialfibrillation in a group of patients with atrioventricular junctionalreentrant tachycardia and to compare it with that of patientswith a Kent-type ventricular pre-excitation (Wolff-Parkinson-Whitesyndrome) and a control group. One hundred and twenty-five subjects were separated into groups.Group 1 comprised 49 Wolff-Parkinson-White patients, with amean age of 26.4, range 10.66 years; group 2, 51 patients withatrioventricular junctional reentrant tachycardia inducibleby transoesophageal atrial stimulation andlor clinically documented,with a mean age of 43.4, range 16–78 years; group 3, 25control subjects with a mean age of2.64, range 13–76 years. Each subject underwent atrial transoesophageal stimulation withthe following protocol: programmed atrial stimulation with 1and 2 stimuli during atrial pacing of 100. min^–1 and 150.min^–1; atrial stimulation for 10 s at a rate of 200–300–400–500–600.min^–1 with intervals of 10 s between stimulations, fivesuccessive ‘ramp-up’ atrial stimulations for 9 swith the rate increasing from 100 to 800. min^–1 with intervalsof 10 s between stimulations. The end point was the completionof the protocol or induction of sustained atrial fibrillation(>1 min). The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Our resultsshowed that in group 1 atrial fibrillation was induced in 27149patients (55.1%); this was sustained in 13149 (26.5%) and non-sustainedin 14149 (28.5%); in group 2, atrial fibrillation was inducedin 22151 patients (43.0%); it was sustained in 7151 (13.7%)and non-sustained in 15151 (29.4%); in group 3, sustained atrialfibrillation was not induced in any subject and in only onesubject was a non-sustained atrial fibrillation (4 s) induced. The chi-square test showed that group 2 vs group 1 were non-significant,while group 2 vs group 3 and group 1 vs group 3 were significant(P<0.003 and P<0.0007, respectively). Therefore group 2 patients showed a greater atrial vulnerabilityin comparison to the control subjects and a similar vulnerabilityto group 1 patients. It is possible that the greater atrialvulnerability in the patients of group 2 was due to the doublenodal pathway.     

Treating patients with lupus with B-cell depletion

A new era in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus has dawned with the increasing introduction of monoclonal antibodies and other approaches, that target the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. At present the ability to block the CD20 molecule on those B cells that carry this marker has proved the most effective way to treat patients resistant to conventional immunosuppressive drugs. However, these studies have all been open label and the results of double blind controlled studies are eagerly awaited.