Epidemiological status of metabolic syndrome and its correlation with renal damage in Shanghai Chongming rural areas

<正>Objective To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adults in Shanghai Chongming area and to analyze the relationship between metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease.Methods A total of 7 679 residents aged 30 years or over in Chongming District of     

HbA_1c检测在急性心肌梗死患者中的临床意义

目的 研究HbA_1c检测在急性心肌梗死患者中的临床意义. 方法 对96例急性心肌梗死住院患者进行HbA_1c、心肌酶学、心电图、血脂等检测. 结果 有相当人数的急性心肌梗死患者HbA_1c水平升高. 结论 在急性心肌梗死伴空腹高血糖患者中检测HbA_1c对于鉴别应激高血糖和糖尿病具有重要价值.     

上海地区甲型H1N1流行性感冒流行病学调查和临床特征分析

目的 了解上海地区新型甲型H1N1流行性感冒(流感)的流行病学和临床特征,提高临床医师对本病的认识.方法 采用描述性流行病学方法对上海市公共卫生临床中心2009年5月23日至6月30日收治确诊的100例甲型H1N1流感患者资料进行回顾性分析.结果 本组患者男58例,女42例,年龄4～75岁.96例为输入性病例,主要来自澳大利亚、美国、加拿大.临床主要表现为流感样症状,包括发热、咳嗽、咽痛,其他症状有咳痰、流涕、咽痒、鼻塞、头痛和全身酸痛等,体征有咽部充血、扁桃体肿大等.外周血WBC总数正常或偏低.部分患者CD4+T淋巴细胞低于正常下限水平.胸部CT检查主要表现为肺纹理增粗、肺炎、胸膜增厚、胸膜炎.治疗首选奥司他韦,不良反应少见,多数患者可以耐受.本病预后良好,所有患者治愈出院.结论 新型甲型H1N1流感传染性强,并可影响机体细胞免疫功能,但症状轻微,早期采用奥司他韦抗病毒治疗,疗效满意.疾病防控部门应加强监测,积极应对本次甲型H1N1流感大流行.     

Changing pattern of hepatitis C virus spread in rural areas of Egypt

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To identify patterns of HCV spread in the Nile Delta of Egypt. METHODS: Residents in a Nile Delta village were invited to participate in a cohort study of HCV infection. Risk factors for past or current infection were identified at cohort intake using generalized estimated equations models. Attributable fractions were calculated for all independent risk factors. RESULTS: The prevalence of HCV antibodies increased from 2.7% in those <20 years of age to more than 40% in males aged 40-54 years. The peak in HCV prevalence in the 40-54 year age group corresponds to the aging of the cohort of children infected through schistosomiasis intravenous treatments in the 1960s-70s (accounting for 12.4% of all HCV infections observed today among adults). Following this initial founding event, the HCV epidemic has spread in the community through iatrogenic factors, and particularly injections (37.9% of the overall attributable fraction in adults). In children, however, no iatrogenic factors were associated with increased risk of infection, suggesting a change in the pattern of HCV spread. CONCLUSIONS: While HCV infections in adults could be attributed to iatrogenic factors, and particularly injections, infections in children could not be explained by similar routes of transmission.     

新的空腹血糖受损切点对上海市浦东社区人群糖调节受损分布的影响

1869名18岁以上上海都市人口的筛查研究显示，与以FPG〉6．1mmol／L诊断IFG的旧标准比较，以FPG〉5．6mmol／L诊断IFG的新标准所诊断的NGT百分率降低（70．4％比77．2％），IFG增高（9．6％比2．8％），IGT降低（8．8％比10．9％），IFG合并IGT增高（4．6％比2．4％）。     

上海市城乡老年人慢性病现况调查

目的：了解影响上海市城乡老年人健康和生存质量的几种常见慢性的现况。方法：按名单入户调查自报慢性病的患病情况。结果：老年人慢性病总患病率为60．3％,其中男性患病率59．4％,女性61．9％,女性高于男性。城区老年人慢性病总患病率为66．5％,明显高于农村（53．9％）,且城区女性高于男性,农村两性之间差异无显著性。城市老年人慢性病患病率由高到低前6位依次为高血压、白内障、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、冠心病、其他心脏病、糖尿病、其患病分别为33．6％、18．3％、11．9％、9．1％、7．9％、5．9％,农村老年人患病率由高到低依次为高血压慢性阻塞性肺疾病、白内障、耳聋、其他心脏病、骨畸形及骨质疏权症,其患病率依次为20．9％、15．2％、7．0％、5．7％、4．3％、4．2％。结论城乡之间慢性病分布现状和特点差异有显著性,针对不同情况应采取不同的预防措施,以提高老年人的健康水平和生存质量。     

上海市郊县居民COPD相关疾病死亡率变化趋势分析

目的分析上海市崇明县COPD相关疾病死亡变化趋势。方法选择居民死亡医学证明书根本死亡原因栏填写为COPD相关疾病,年龄≥40岁的患者作为研究对象。结果 2003~2011年间,共有5505人死于COPD相关疾病,平均年龄为(81.0±8.6)岁。男性死亡率年均变化率为-7.4%,女性为-11.2%(P均0.0001)。60~69岁组,70~79岁组和80岁以上年龄组死亡率下降是导致COPD相关疾病总体死亡率下降的主要原因。慢性支气管炎、肺气肿、慢性阻塞性肺病死亡率呈显著下降趋势,而哮喘则未见明显变化。结论上海市崇明县2003~2011年间COPD相关疾病死亡率呈下降趋势。     

Contamination of the soil by eggs of geohelminths in rural areas of Lodz district (Poland)

Contamination of soil with helminth eggs in the samples of fields, kitchen gardens, yards and composts in rural areas of Lodz district (Poland) was investigated. In this study, helminth eggs were found in 60–100 % of field samples, in 20–100 % of yards samples, in 0–20 % of kitchen gardens samples and in 10–100 % of composts. The highest average density of helminth eggs in 100 g of soil was detected in composts (44.0), then fields (28.5) and yards (18.0). In samples taken from kitchen gardens the average density of eggs was 0.4/100/g of soil. The comparison of frequency of positive samples from fields, kitchen gardens and yards did not exhibit significant difference (p > 0.05). The soil samples of fields contained mainly eggs of Ascaris spp. (87.7 %), less frequently Toxocara spp. (7.7 %) and Trichuris spp. (3.5 %). In samples from yards among detected eggs the most often were Toxocara spp. (73.9 %), and there were statistically significant differences in comparison with fields (7.7 %) and composts (0.3 %). The highest prevalence of eggs with moving larva was noted in yards (25.6 %), which differ statistically significantly from analogous value for fields (p < 0.05) and composts (p < 0.0001).     

北京地区46例Ⅱ/1b型HCV高变区1的序列变异研究

目的研究北京地区Ⅱ／１ｂ型丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）包膜蛋白Ｅ２／ＮＳ１高变区１（ＨＶＲ１）序列变异规律及意义。方法应用逆转录巢式ＰＣＲ技术从４６例北京地区Ⅱ／１ｂ型ＨＣＶ感染病人血清中扩增了ＨＣＶ部分包膜区基因片断（ｎｔ１１１９～１２５８）,纯化后直接采用双脱氧链末端终止法进行序列分析。结果北京地区Ⅱ型ＨＣＶＨＶＲ１位于氨基酸（ａａ）３８４－４０８位,与有关文献报道（３８３－４１０或４１４）略有差异。ＨＶＲ１序列与ＨＣＶ－Ｊ、台湾株、河北株、ＨＢ－１１相应序列比较,核苷酸同源性依次为４４０％～６６．７％（平均５７．７％）,４８．０％～７２．０％（６０．０％）,６０．０％～８５．３％（６９．８％）和５６．０％～８１．３％（６８．２％）,氨基酸同源性依次为２０．０％－５６．０％（３８．２％）,３２．０％～６４．０％（４５．７％）,３６．０％～７６．０％（４９．８％）和４０．０％～７６．０％（５５．６％）。本组ＨＶＲＩ内发现６个较保守的氨基酸位点：３８５位Ｔｈｒ,３８９,３９０,４０６位Ｇｌｙ,４０１位Ｓｅｒ,４０３位Ｐｈｅ。结论对ＨＶＲ１序列变异规律及生物学意义的进一步研究有助于ＨＣＶ疫苗的发展。     

AMPD1 (C34T) polymorphism and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing myocardial revascularization

BACKGROUND: C34T variant of adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1 (AMPD1) gene has been associated with a prolonged survival in heart failure and coronary artery disease, hypothetically linked to an enhanced production of adenosine. DESIGN: Since adenosine administration is a promising approach for the prevention of the ischemia-reperfusion in myocardial revascularization, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the AMPD1 (-) allele is associated with a favorable prognosis after coronary revascularization. In addition, we assessed the association between AMPD1 polymorphism and plasma adenosine levels. METHODS: We investigated a total of 161 patients receiving coronary revascularization (70 percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and 91 coronary artery bypass graft). They were investigated for a composite endpoint including recurrent angina, non-fatal MI, target vessel revascularization, heart failure and cardiac death. Plasma adenosine was also measured by high-performance liquid chromatography methods on a subset of 25 patients. RESULTS: During the follow-up period (7.0+/-0.3 months), the overall combined endpoint accounted for 17 events (10 cardiac-related deaths, 6 revascularization procedures and 1 congestive heart failure). The composite endpoint was 9.8% for AMPD1 (-) allele carriers vs. 11.5% for non-carriers (log-rank statistic, p=n.s.). In the logistic analysis only low (相似文献   

Prevalence of hypertension in Guinean rural areas

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and awareness of HTA in Guinean rural populations with respect to age and gender. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional survey in rural Guinea: K?pèrè-D?fili (400 inhabitants) and T?b?l?n (900 inhabitants). PARTICIPANTS: 188 subjects (81 in K?pèrè-D?fili and 107 in T?b?l?n), 15 years and older were visited in their homes between November 2000 and April 2001. METHODS: The blood pressures were measured with an electronic tensiometer "Philips HF305". Awareness of HTA and risk factors were determined by interviews. HTA was defined as mean SBP/DBP = 140/90 mmHg. RESULTS: Overall, 69% (56/81) in K?pèrè-D?fili and 27% (29/107) in T?b?l?n were hypertensive. Among these, only 2 (K?pèrè) and 6 patients (T?b?l?n) were aware of their condition. HTA was strongly gender dependent in K?pèrè where 98% (44/45) of the males were concerned. In K?pèrè-D?fili, the combined systolo-diastolic hypertension (SDH) was predominant (80%; 45/56) and was associated to the male gender (80%; 36/45). In the hypertensive population of T?b?l?n, the isolated PAD (DH) was mainly associated with the female group (47%, 8/17). The grade III HTA (PAS/PAD > or = 180/110 mmHg) concerned both gender (41%, 18/44 for males; 42%, 5/12 for females) in K?pèrè-D?fili and mainly the female group in T?b?l?n (29%, 5/17). Smoking was the most frequently associated risk factor in the studied population of K?pèrè-D?fili (70%) and T?b?l?n (45%). The smokers were predominantly female in K?pèrè-D?fili (89%, 32/36) or male in T?b?l?n (51%, 24/47). Among the smokers, the hypertensive individuals were 96% (24/25) of the males and 38% (12/32) of the females in K?pèrè, 29% (7/24) of the males and 38% (9/24) of the females in T?b?l?n. CONCLUSION: Hypertension is highly prevalent in two Guinean rural localities where less than 5% of the studied population were aware of their conditions, suggesting the nationwide demand for preventing and controlling HTA in Guinea.     

Atlantoaxial (C1-C2) facet joint osteoarthritis: a distinctive clinical syndrome

Osteoarthritis of the atlantoaxial facet joints was identified radiologically in 27 patients, and these comprised 4% of all outpatients with osteoarthritis or degenerative disease of the spine seen during a 36-month period. These patients had a clinical syndrome which differed from those seen in patients who have subaxial degenerative disease of the spine or myofascial cervical pain. Occipital pain, occipital trigger points, crepitus in the occipital region, and a rotational head tilt deformity (in 13 patients, usually associated with collapse of 1 of the lateral masses [facets]), were the major features of this distinctive syndrome.