Snail1/IGF-1信号通路介导高糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞EMT

目的:观察高糖诱导大鼠肾小管上皮细胞NRK-52E中锌指转录因子Snail1和胰岛素样生长因子1(insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1)的表达变化,并初步探讨Snail1与IGF-1在糖尿病肾脏病(diabetic kidney disease,DKD)上皮-间充质转化(epithelial to mesenchymal transition,EMT)过程中的关系。方法:高糖培养大鼠近端肾小管上皮细胞系NRK-52E 72 h后,给予Snail1 siRNA和IGF-1 siRNA处理,分为高糖组、non-targeting(NT)siRNA组、Snail1 RNAi组和IGF-1 RNAi组,并设置对照组。于转染后48和72 h两个时点收获细胞。分别用实时荧光定量PCR检测细胞Snail1、IGF-1、E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)和纤维连接蛋白(fibronectin,FN)的mRNA表达,用免疫荧光方法检测各蛋白的表达。结果:高糖诱导NRK-52E细胞E-cadherin的mRNA和蛋白表达明显降低(P0.01),FN的mRNA和蛋白表达明显升高(P0.01);同时,Snail1和IGF-1的mRNA和蛋白表达也明显升高(P0.01)。Snail1 RNAi组与高糖组比较,细胞中E-cadherin的mRNA和蛋白表达明显升高(P0.01),FN、Snail1和IGF-1的mRNA和蛋白表达明显降低(P0.01),Snail1的mRNA表达减少62.8%。与高糖组比较,IGF-1 RNAi组细胞IGF-1的mRNA表达减少61.1%,E-cadherin的mRNA和蛋白表达明显升高(P0.01),FN的mRNA和蛋白表达明显降低(P0.01)。NT组E-cadherin、FN、Snail1及IGF-1的mRNA和蛋白表达与高糖组比较差异无统计学显著性。Pearson相关性分析显示,NRK-52E细胞中Snail1与IGF-1蛋白的表达呈显著正相关(r=0.852,P0.01)。结论:Snail1及IGF-1的mRNA和蛋白在高糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞EMT过程中表达升高,且沉默Snail1基因,IGF-1表达随之减少,提示Snail1/IGF-1可能促进DKD时肾小管上皮细胞EMT。     

JAK/STAT信号途径参与高糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞转分化

目的：观察Janus激酶/信号转导和转录活化因子(JAK/STAT) 信号的激活对高糖诱导肾小管上皮细胞转分化的影响。方法:体外培养人肾近曲小管上皮细胞株（HKCs）,分别给予高糖和JAK拮抗剂AG490干预,采用免疫沉淀和Western印迹检测JAK2的磷酸化;Western印迹检测平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、E-钙黏素(E-cadherin)及信号蛋白STAT1、STAT3、磷酸化STAT1 (phospho-STAT1, p-STAT1) 和p-STAT3的水平; 酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定细胞上清液中转化生长因子β₁(TGF-β₁)和I型胶原的分泌,逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测TGF-β₁mRNA表达。结果:与低糖对照组比较,高糖培养的HKCs中α-SMA 的水平及p-JAK2 、p-STAT1 和p-STAT3 比例明显上调；E-cadherin表达明显下调；TGF-β₁ mRNA 表达增加；细胞培养上清液中TGF-β₁、Ⅰ型胶原分泌增加。AG490明显抑制JAK2磷酸化、下调p－STAT1 和p-STAT3的同时,明显抑制高糖刺激HKCs中α-SMA表达的升高，减轻E-cadherin表达下降程度；降低TGF-β₁ mRNA 表达及TGF-β₁、Ⅰ型胶原的分泌。结论:JAK/STAT信号途径参与高糖诱导的HKCs转分化，并刺激TGF-β₁和细胞外基质的分泌。     

EGFR在高糖诱导下人肾小管上皮细胞凋亡中的作用

目的观察EGFR信号通路对高糖诱导下人肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2)凋亡的影响和机制。方法体外培养HK-2细胞,将细胞分为4组:对照组、渗透压对照组、高糖组和高糖加EGFR抑制剂AG1478组。用Western blot检测p-EGFR、total EGFR、cleaved caspase-3、BAX、BCL-2及β-actin的蛋白表达,四唑盐比色法(MTT)检测细胞活性,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。结果与对照组和渗透压对照组相比,高糖组HK-2细胞EGFR活性、cleaved caspase-3表达、BAX/BCL-2比值和内质网应激(ERS)明显升高,细胞活性降低(P0.01)。EGFR抑制剂AG1478能够明显抑制高糖诱导的HK-2细胞EGFR活化和细胞凋亡(P0.05),提高细胞活性(P0.05),同时抑制内质网应激(P0.05)。结论抑制EGFR活性能够减少高糖诱导的HK-2细胞凋亡,这可能是通过减少内质网应激实现的。     

Hyaluronan attenuates transforming growth factor-beta1-mediated signaling in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells

Increased expression of hyaluronan (HA) has been associated with both acute renal injury and progressive renal disease, although the functional significance of this remains unclear. There is overwhelming evidence that transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 is critical to the development of progressive renal disease. Recent studies suggest an interaction between HA and TGF-beta signaling in cancer cell biology. The aim of this study was to examine the potential role of HA as a modulator of TGF-beta1 function in renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTC). Under resting conditions, co-localization of the principal receptor for HA, CD44, and both the TGF-beta type I and type II receptors was demonstrated by immunoprecipitation and western analysis and further confirmed by immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy. Stimulation of PTC with TGF-beta1 led to increased synthesis of both type III and type IV collagen assessed by Western analysis. Addition of HA did not alter collagen synthesis, but abrogated TGF-beta1-mediated increase in type III and type IV collagen. This effect was blocked by the addition of a blocking antibody to CD44 and also by inhibition of MAP kinase kinase (MEK) activity. Furthermore HA decreased TGF-beta1 activation of a luciferase-SMAD responsive construct, and decreased translocation of SMAD4 into the cell nucleus. We have previously demonstrated an anti-migratory effect of TGF-beta1 in a scratch wounding model. As with HA antagonism of TGF-beta1 extracellular matrix generation, HA reduced the anti-migratory effect of TGF-beta1 in a CD44-dependent manner. In contrast to the effect of TGF-beta1 on collagen synthesis, which is SMAD-dependent, the anti-migratory effect of TGF-beta1 in this model is known to be dependent of activation of RhoA. In the presence of HA, TGF-beta1-mediated activation of RhoA was also abrogated in a CD44-dependent manner. The results suggest that co-localization of CD44 and TGF-beta receptors facilitate modulation of both SMAD and non-SMAD-dependent TGF-beta1-mediated events by HA. Our results therefore suggest that alteration of HA synthesis may represent an endogenous mechanism to limit renal injury.     

黄芩苷通过影响miR-141上调Sirt1表达而抑制高糖诱导的小鼠肾小球系膜细胞凋亡

目的:探讨黄芩苷在高糖环境下对小鼠肾小球系膜细胞凋亡的影响,并从微小RNA-141(miR-141)/沉默信息调节因子1(Sirt1)通路深入阐释黄芩苷对糖尿病肾病的治疗机制。方法:高糖(25 mmol/L葡萄糖)培养小鼠肾小球系膜细胞系SV40-MES-13模拟构建糖尿病肾病细胞模型,并分为正常对照组、高糖组、黄芩苷组和高糖+黄芩苷组。q PCR检测miR-141的表达水平,Western blot检测Sirt1的表达水平。双萤光素酶实验检测Sirt1与miR-141的调控关系。流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。结果:与正常对照组相比,高糖条件下培养的系膜细胞内miR-141表达水平明显上调,Sirt1蛋白表达水平明显下调,细胞凋亡水平显著增加(P0.01);与高糖组比,高糖+黄芩苷组的细胞凋亡和miR-141表达水平明显降低,Sirt1蛋白表达水平明显升高(P0.01)。敲减Sirt1表达可以逆转下调miR-141对系膜细胞细胞凋亡和细胞内Sirt1蛋白水平的作用。过表达miR-141可以逆转黄芩苷抑制高糖对Sirt1蛋白水平和细胞凋亡的作用;过表达miR-141对系膜细胞的作用可以进一步被Sirt1的过表达所逆转。结论:黄芩苷可以通过抑制miR-141过表达,促进Sirt1表达水平上升,最终缓解高糖诱导的小鼠肾小球系膜细胞凋亡,达到治疗糖尿病肾病的作用。     

Lipopolysaccharide stimulates Epac1-mediated Rap1/NF-kappaB pathway in Raw 264.7 murine macrophages

Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is regulated by various stimulants to show many physiological results. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates NF-κB through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent signal transduction. LPS-treatment also produces cyclic AMP (cAMP) in Raw 264.7 murine macrophages. Two principal effector proteins for cAMP are protein kinase A (PKA) and cAMP-responsive guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Epac), a Rap GDP exchange factor. Here, we investigated whether NF-κB can be activated by cAMP production through Epac1-mediated Rap1 activation by using Epac-specific cAMP analogue, 8-(4-chloro-phenylthio)-2′-O-methyladenosine-3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (CPT). NF-κB activity was increased by the treatment with CPT but it was reduced by co-transfection with dominant negative of Rap1 (Rap1N17). In conclusion, NF-κB activation should be regulated through Epac1-mediated Rap1 stimulation for LPS-induced inflammatory responses in murine macrophages. It suggests that Epac1-mediated Rap1/NF-κB pathway could be helpful for interpretation on various cAMP-mediated physiological responses and it could be used as a target to control their pathological abnormalities.     

Intracellular trafficking pathway of BK Virus in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells

Intracellular trafficking of BK Virus (BKV) in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HRPTEC) is critical for BKV nephritis. However, the major trafficking components utilized by BKV remain unknown. Coincubation of HRPTEC with BKV and microtubule disrupting agents prevented BKV infection as detected by immunofluorescence and western blot analysis with antibodies which recognize BKV large T antigen. However, inhibition of a dynein, cellular motor protein, did not interfere with BKV infection in HRPTEC. A colocalization study of BKV with the markers of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi apparatus (GA), indicated that BKV reached the ER from 6 to 10 h, while bypassing the GA or passing through the GA too transiently to be detected. This study contributes to the understanding of mechanisms of intracellular trafficking used by BKV in the infection of HRPTEC.     

Akt/GSK-3β介导高糖上调肾小管上皮细胞Snail1的表达

 目的：观察高糖对原代肾小管上皮细胞Snail1和蛋白激酶B/糖原合成酶激酶3β（Akt/GSK-3β）信号通路的影响,探讨糖尿病肾病时Snail1表达的调节机制。方法：原代培养大鼠肾小管上皮细胞（RTECs）,随机分为正常糖对照组、高渗组和高糖组。Western blotting检测不同处理组 RTECs不同培养时点（30 min、2 h、12 h、24 h、48 h和72 h）Snail1、Akt1、GSK-3β、磷酸化Akt（p-Akt,Ser473）和磷酸化GSK-3β（p-GSK-3β,Ser9）蛋白的水平。RT-PCR检测Snail1、Akt1和GSK3β mRNA的表达。RTECs以磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶（PI3K）抑制剂LY294002（25 μmol/L）预处理50 min,再与高糖共同培养24 h,Western blotting检测上述指标蛋白的表达。结果：与正常糖对照组比较,高糖组RTECs Snail1和Akt1蛋白和mRNA的表达上调,p-Akt及p-GSK-3β蛋白表达增加,但总GSK-3β蛋白和mRNA表达无变化。以LY294002处理后,高糖组RTECs Snail1、p-Akt及p-GSK-3β蛋白表达水平较未处理高糖组明显下降,但LY294002不影响总Akt1和GSK-3β蛋白表达。结论：Akt/GSK-3β可能介导了高糖诱导的RTECs锌指转录因子Snail1的表达上调。     

ROCK通过抑制PI3K/Akt通路促进高糖诱导的心肌细胞凋亡

目的:探讨Rho相关卷曲螺旋激酶(ROCK)是否通过调控PI3K/Akt信号通路参与高糖诱导的原代心肌细胞凋亡。方法:培养原代Wistar乳鼠心肌细胞,用α-横纹肌肌动蛋白(α-SCA)免疫组化法进行鉴定;建立心肌细胞高糖模型,采用5.5、33和40 mmol/L葡萄糖作用于细胞48 h。采用MTT法检测细胞活力;RT-qPCR检测各组心肌细胞中ROCK1和ROCK2的表达水平;流式细胞术检测各组心肌细胞的凋亡水平;Western blot检测ROCK1、ROCK2、cleaved caspase-3、Bcl-2、PI3K、Akt和p-Akt的蛋白水平;为了证实ROCKs对PI3K/Akt信号通路的调控作用,将细胞分为对照组(5.5 mmol/L葡萄糖处理细胞)、高糖组(33 mmol/L葡萄糖处理细胞)和高糖加Y27632(ROCK抑制剂)组,Western blot检测ROCK1、ROCK2、PI3K、Akt和p-Akt的蛋白水平。结果:高糖培养48 h后,33和40 mmol/L葡萄糖组细胞相对活力分别为(79.71±2.43)%和(68.41±7.49)%,与对照组相比显著降低...     

氧化应激和P53参与波动高糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞凋亡

目的: 探讨波动性高糖引起的肾小管上皮细胞凋亡的机制。方法: 体外培养人肾小管上皮细胞 (HK-2),给予稳定高糖或波动高糖干预,并使用抗氧化剂和P53特异性抑制剂验证氧化应激和P53在波动高糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞凋亡中的作用;此外,SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组(A)、糖尿病稳定高血糖组(B)和糖尿病波动高血糖组(C)。采用链脲佐菌素(STZ)65 mg/kg腹腔注射诱发糖尿病,血糖波动组每天定时腹腔注射速效胰岛素,并错时给予葡萄糖,造成一天中血糖浓度大幅波动模型。采用比色法检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量,免疫组化法和Western blotting检测NADPH氧化酶4(Nox4)和P53蛋白表达,流式细胞术和原位缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)检测肾脏细胞凋亡。结果: (1)与稳定高糖比较,波动高糖引起更加明显的HK-2细胞凋亡,P53蛋白表达明显上调,同时培养上清液中MDA含量增加和SOD活性下降,抗氧化剂和P53抑制剂可明显抑制磷酸化P53蛋白表达和细胞凋亡。(2)在体动物实验制模12周后,与B组比较,C组肾组织Nox4表达明显增加,肾小管磷酸化P53蛋白表达上调,细胞凋亡数增加。结论: 氧化应激和P53参与波动性高糖诱导的肾小管上皮细胞凋亡。     

姜黄素通过HO/GC途径对抗高糖诱导的血管收缩功能下降

目的:研究姜黄素是否可对抗高糖诱导的血管收缩功能下降,并探讨其作用机制。方法:采用血管环离体灌流装置,观察SD大鼠胸主动脉环的收缩反应;测定主动脉胆红素生成量反映血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)的活性。结果:(1)与空白对照组(含11mmol/L葡萄糖)相比,经44mmol/L葡萄糖(高糖)孵育血管4h后,主动脉环对苯肾上腺素(PE)引起的血管收缩反应下降;(2)姜黄素(3×10-11-3×10-10mol/L)与高糖联合孵育,均能不同程度地抑制高糖诱导的血管PE收缩反应的下降;(3)姜黄素孵育后可引起血管HO活性增高;HO-1抑制剂锌原卟啉Ⅸ(ZnPP)可完全取消姜黄素的抗高糖损伤作用;(4)鸟苷酸环化酶(GC)抑制剂亚甲蓝可部分阻断姜黄素的保护作用。结论:姜黄素可能通过诱导HO-1活性增加和激活GC途径对抗高糖引起的血管收缩功能降低。     

P13K/Akt信号通路在白蛋白诱导肾小管上皮细胞转化生长因子β1表达中的作用

目的 研究白蛋白对人肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2)分泌转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)的影响,以及P13K/Akt信号通路在这一过程中的作用.方法 体外培养HK-2细胞,分为对照组、白蛋白(BSA)组和白蛋白加抑制剂(BSA+Ly294002)组.分别于培养12、24、48 h后,用MTT法检测HK-2细胞的增殖;RT-PCR检测HK-2细胞TGF-β1 mRNA的表达;Western印迹测定HK-2细胞TGF-β1和磷酸化的PI3K(p-PI3K)、Akt(p-Akt)蛋白分泌.结果 白蛋白可明显诱导HK-2细胞增殖(P<0.05),诱导后12 hBSA组与对照组比较,TGF-β1 mRNA表达明显上调(0.472±0.025比0.233±0.021,P<0.05);TGF-β1蛋白明显上调(296±20.1比100±13.2,P<0.05);p-PI3K、p-Akt蛋白表达显著增加(P<0.05).加Ly294002 12 h时HK-2增殖受抑制;48 h时TGF-β1 mRNA、蛋白和p-PI3K、P-Akt蛋白的表达也受到抑制(均为P<0.05).结论 白蛋白通过活化PI3-K/Akt信号转导通路诱导肾小管上皮细胞产生TGF-β1.     

乙肝病毒X蛋白通过激活JAK2/STAT3信号通路调节肾小管上皮细胞凋亡

 目的：观察乙肝病毒X蛋白(HBx)对肾小管上皮细胞凋亡的作用,并探讨其在乙型病毒肝炎相关性肾炎(HBVGN)发病中的分子机制。方法：将构建好的HBx真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)-HBx转染至体外培养的人肾近曲小管上皮细胞(HK-2细胞)中。Western blotting法检测转染后目的蛋白的表达及JAK2/STAT3信号通路的活化。细胞免疫荧光检测STAT3及p-STAT3表达水平。CCK-8法检测细胞增殖活性。Hoechst 33342染色观察细胞的形态学改变。透射电镜观察细胞的超微结构及凋亡。Annexin V/PI双染流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率。结果：转染目的基因HBx后,p-JAK2及p-STAT3表达水平均显著增加;同时,细胞增殖明显受抑。透射电镜、Hoechst 33342染色及Annexin V/PI双染流式细胞术检测发现HBx促进HK-2细胞凋亡。AG490（JAK2/STAT3信号通路阻断剂）孵育后能够部分阻断JAK2/STAT3信号通路,减少HBx所致细胞凋亡。结论：HBx通过激活JAK2/STAT3信号通路导致肾小管上皮细胞凋亡,可能参与了HBV直接损伤肾组织的致病机制。     

叶酸通过调节p53/p21(waf1/cip1)信号途径促进小鼠神经干细胞增殖和分化

目的:研究叶酸对体外培养小鼠神经干细胞(neural stem cells,NSCs)增殖和分化的影响及作用机制。方法:采用无血清悬浮培养方法分离培养新生小鼠脑NSCs,通过MTT法检测叶酸对NSCs增殖的影响;撤除生长因子后,用含10%胎牛血清的培养基诱导分化培养6 d后,采用Tuj1(神经元标记物)和GFAP(胶质细胞标记物)免疫荧光双标记法检测叶酸对NSCs分化的影响;并应用流式细胞术、RT-PCR法检测给予叶酸对NSCs细胞周期、p53和p21(waf1/cip1)mRNA水平的影响。结果:与对照组相比,MTT法测定结果显示,叶酸组NSCs增殖能力明显增强;分化后免疫荧光双标法测定显示,叶酸组Tuj1阳性细胞的比率明显增加,且差异具有显著性(P<0.01);流式细胞仪测定结果显示,叶酸组NSCs在G0/G1期细胞数量明显减少(P<0.01),而G2/M期细胞数量明显增多(P<0.01);RT-PCR结果显示,叶酸组NSCs中p53和p21 mRNA表达量明显降低。结论:叶酸能促进NSCs增殖及向神经元分化;叶酸对NSCs增殖和分化的影响与调节NSCs细胞周期及p53/p21(waf1/cip1)信号转导途径相关。     

环状RNA-SETD2通过Akt/p70S6K1信号通路抑制滋养细胞的增殖、侵袭和促进凋亡

目的 观察环状RNA-SETD2(circ-SETD2)在巨大儿产妇胎盘组织中的作用,探讨其与Akt/p70S6K1信号通路的关系.方法 收集巨大儿产妇胎盘组织,qRT-PCR和FISH实验检测circ-SETD2的表达情况;构建circ-SETD2过表达质粒并转染HTR-8/SVneo滋养细胞,通过CCK8实验、Transwell实验和流式细胞术检测过表达circ-SETD2对细胞增殖、侵袭和凋亡的影响;Western blot检测Akt/p70S6K1信号通路相关蛋白表达情况.结果 与正常体重儿胎盘相比,circSETD2在巨大儿产妇胎盘组织中表达水平显著升高(P＜0.05).在滋养细胞HTR-8/SVneo中过表达circSETD2后,细胞增殖与侵袭能力显著降低,细胞凋亡率显著升高(P＜0.05),磷酸化Akt(p-Akt)和磷酸化p70S6K1(p-p70S6K1)蛋白水平显著降低(P＜0.05),但Akt和p70S6K1表达水平无显著性变化(P＞0.05).结论 circ-SETD2在巨大儿产妇胎盘组织中表达升高;circ-SETD2过表达后可通过调节Akt/p70S6K1信号通路抑制滋养细胞增殖和侵袭,促进凋亡.     

氯沙坦通过ERK1/2 MAPK途径抑制高糖诱导小鼠系膜细胞CTGF表达

目的: 研究高糖环境下, 氯沙坦对CTGF的影响以及其作用机制.方法: 体外培养小鼠系膜细胞株(MMCs), 用高糖(25 mmol/L葡萄糖)刺激细胞分别作用24 h、 48 h、 72 h, 用Western blot方法检测磷酸化ERK1/2的表达.再将细胞分为低糖组(5.6 mmol/L葡萄糖), 山梨醇组(5.6 mmol/L葡萄糖+19.4 mmol/L山梨醇), 高糖组(25 mmol/L葡萄糖), 氯沙坦组(25 mmol/L葡萄糖+10-5 mol/L氯沙坦)以及 ERK抑制剂组(25 mmol/L葡萄糖+ 25 μmol/L PD98059), 48 h后采用Western blot方法检测磷酸化ERK1/2的表达, 72 h后采用Real-time PCR方法及Western blot分别检测 CTGF mRNA表达量以及蛋白的表达.结果: 高糖刺激小鼠系膜细胞后, ERK1/2磷酸化的蛋白表达逐渐增高, 呈现一定时间依赖性.与低糖组相比, 高糖组磷酸化ERK1/2、 CTGF的蛋白表达明显增加(P<0.01), 而与高糖组相比, 氯沙坦组以及ERK抑制剂组磷酸化ERK1/2的蛋白表达以及CTGF的蛋白均明显下降有统计学意义(P<0.05).与低糖组相比, 高糖组CTGF mRNA表达量明显增加(P<0.01), 而与高糖组相比, 氯沙坦组以及ERK抑制剂组CTGF mRNA表达量明显下降, 且有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论: 氯沙坦可抑制高糖对CTGF的诱导作用, 其机制可能与抑制ERK1/2 MAPK途径有关.     

高糖对肾小管上皮细胞系细胞因子表达的影响

目的观察高糖诱导肾小管上皮细胞中转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、E-钙黏素(E-Cadherin)的改变及酪氨酸激酶(JAK)抑制剂AG490对其的影响。方法体外培养人肾近曲小管上皮细胞系(HKC),分别给予高糖和AG490干预,采用免疫沉淀和Western blot检测JAK2磷酸化的表达;Western blot检测α-SMA、E-cadherin及信号蛋白STAT1、STAT3等的水平;ELISA法测定细胞上清液中TGF-β1和Ⅰ型胶原的分泌;RT-PCR检测TGF-β1mRNA表达。结果与低糖组比较,高糖培养HKC中α-SMA、p-JAK2、p-STAT1和p-STAT3表达明显上调,E-Cadherin表达明显下调,TGF-β1mRNA表达增加;细胞上清液中TGF-β1、Ⅰ型胶原分泌增加。AG490明显抑制高糖刺激HKC中α-SMA表达的升高,减轻E-Cadherin表达下降程度,降低TGF-β1mRNA表达及TGF-β1、Ⅰ型胶原的分泌。结论JAK/STAT信号途径可能参与高糖诱导的HKC中TGF-β1和细胞外基质的分泌。     

顺铂通过p66Shc-线粒体信号通路诱导人肾小管上皮细胞凋亡

 目的：探讨p66Shc-线粒体信号通路在顺铂诱导的人肾小管上皮细胞凋亡中的作用。方法：体外培养人肾小管上皮细胞,Western blotting法检测顺铂对p66Shc及磷酸化p66Shc(Ser36)蛋白表达的影响,然后将细胞分为对照组、顺铂组及顺铂+p66ShcS36A（第36位Ser突变为Ala的p66Shc）组,用激光共聚焦显微镜观察p66Shc对顺铂诱导的细胞活性氧簇、线粒体活性氧簇及细胞凋亡的影响,Western blotting法检测线粒体凋亡信号通路相关蛋白的表达。结果：顺铂促进p66Shc蛋白磷酸化,对p66Shc蛋白表达无影响;顺铂诱导细胞凋亡,细胞及线粒体活性氧簇产生增加,细胞色素C释放,caspase-9表达增加,p66ShcS36A可以抑制顺铂诱导的细胞氧化损伤及凋亡。结论：顺铂通过p66Shc-线粒体信号通路诱导人肾小管上皮细胞凋亡。