咳尔康口服液质量标准研究

目的 研究咳尔康口服液的质量控制标准.方法 采用薄层色谱法对处方中白术和半夏进行定性鉴别,用可见光分光光度法测定多糖含量.结果 在薄层色谱中可检出白术和半夏;测多糖含量时,以葡萄糖为对照品,葡萄糖浓度在18.2~91.0mg/ml范围呈线性关系(R2=0.9952);平均回收率99.94%;相对标准偏差RSD=1.10%.结论 建立的方法可用于该制剂的质量控制.     

脱蛋白工艺对咳尔康口服液中多糖提取率及蛋白质含量的影响

目的 研究脱蛋白工艺对咳尔康口服液中多糖提取率及蛋白质含量的影响.方法 采用Sevag法去除多糖中的蛋白质,研究了脱蛋白次数对咳尔康口服液中多糖及蛋白质含量的影响.结果 经过6次脱蛋白处理,咳尔康口服液中多糖含量减少了31.76%,蛋白质含量减少了44.31%,且前3次脱蛋白量占总量的91.88%.结论 咳尔康口服液中多糖采用Sevag法脱蛋白的最佳次数为3次.     

伊曲康唑临床药理学研究进展

伊曲康唑是一种广谱、高效的抗真菌药物,其有良好抗真菌活性及自身独特的药代动力学,在临床治疗中多有应用。本文针对伊曲康唑的抗菌活性、药代动力学及临床应用等做出了总结分析,希望对相关医务工作者提供一些参考或建议。     

用心康口服液治疗小鼠急性病毒性心肌炎的实验研究

报告了中药复方心康口服液抗病毒保护心肌的作用。研究观察了药物对小鼠感染柯萨奇Ｂ３病毒后的防治效果。心肌细胞学检查结果提示，治疗组小鼠心肌细胞坏死及炎性细胞浸润明显低于对照组。这一结果在接毒前给药组小鼠效果更为显著。     

丹参有效部位的一般药理学和长期毒性研究

目的研究丹参抗HIV有效部位(DS-MEF)对小鼠精神神经系统的影响、对麻醉犬心血管系统和呼吸系统的影响以及长期给药对大鼠产生的毒性反应,为DS-MEF的进一步研究和应用提供依据。方法 DS-MEF 2000、4000、8000 mg/kg对小鼠灌胃给药一次后,观察其对小鼠自主活动、协调平衡运动以及戊巴比妥钠阈下催眠作用的影响;DS-MEF 500、1000、2000 mg/kg对犬灌胃给药一次后,考察240 min内其对犬血压、心率、心电图和呼吸系统的影响;DS-MEF 2000、4000、8000 mg/kg对大鼠连续灌胃给药12周,末次给药24 h和停药3周后,每组取半数动物(雌雄各半)进行体重、血液学、血液生化、尿液、脏器系数及病理组织学变化等检查。结果 DS-MEF对小鼠精神神经系统未见明显影响;对犬血压、心率和心电图各指标以及呼吸频率和呼吸深度未见明显影响;长期给药后,大鼠外观体征、一般活动等未见异常,体重变化和饲料消耗量与对照组比较无显著差异,动物心、肝、脾、肺、肾等主要脏器组织病理学检查未见药物引起的异常改变。结论本实验条件下,未观察到丹参有效部位对小鼠精神神经系统、对犬的心血管系统和呼吸系统的显著影响,且在长期毒性研究中,未见其对大鼠产生显著的毒性反应。     

心康口服液预防小鼠病毒性心肌炎的实验研究

目的 探讨心康口服液预防小鼠柯萨奇B3病毒性心肌炎的作用。方法 心康口服液预防性用药2d后的小鼠经腹腔感染CVB3,以诱发急性病毒性心肌炎模型,持续用药至20d,观察小鼠于感染不同阶段的心肌组织形态学改变并进行形态定量分析,所得数据用SPSS／PC软件包作统计学处理。结果 心康口服液各剂量组的心脏表面重度病变检出率显著低于病毒对照组（P＜0.01）;心肌组织重度损伤（心肌细胞大片坏死崩解）的检出率均低于病毒组及干扰素组,其中中剂量组与病毒组差异显著（P＜0.01）;心肌平均病变面积、病变面积／全心面积比值第20d时心康组与干扰素组均与病毒组差异显著（P＜0.01）,第5d时心康各剂量组与病毒组差异显著（P＜0.01）。结论 心康口服液预防性给药可保护心肌,减轻心肌损伤及促进损伤心肌恢复,其预防柯萨奇B3病毒性心肌炎的作用类似干扰素。     

复尔康注射液热原检查试验

目的：观察复尔康注射液给予动物后的热原反应,对复尔康注射液的安全性进行评价。方法：采用家兔法进行热原检查。结果：复尔康注射液静脉给药后无热原反应。结论：复尔康注射液静脉注射给药安全可靠。     

一般药理学实验信号的计算机测量与分析

本文介绍在药物研究中,应用计算机技术测量,处理一般药学实验信号的新方法.通过分离实验动物的股动脉,接入压力探头,引出动脉血压波形;经位移传感器,摄取呼吸波形;计算机同步采集动脉压,呼吸波,心电图信号;再由计算机对上述信号进行计算分析,得到一般药理学实验的一系列参数.为深入进行有关药效学研究提供了新手段.     

脑血康口服液对急性脑出血患者血液流变性的影响

脑出血患者由于血肿的占位效应以及一些生物毒性物质的释放，机体处于高凝状态，引起脑组织血流灌注减少．促进脑水肿，加重继发性缺血脑损害，内科治疗往往缺乏针对性的手段。本文观察经头颅CT证实的脑出血患者80例，采用药物治疗，加服脑血康口服液，观察其对血流变的改变。现报告如下。     

中药心康口服液抗柯萨奇B3病毒RNA复制作用的研究

目的研究探讨中药心康口服液对感染心肌中柯萨奇B3病毒RNA复制的影响。方法小鼠感染柯萨奇病毒B3(CVB3)诱发急性病毒性心肌炎,于急性期治疗后提取鼠心肌总RNA,用逆转录-聚合酶链反应技术检测心肌CVB3RNA含量,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳后,在凝胶成像系统下观察。结果中药心康口服液能明显降低心肌CVB3-RNA的含量,与病毒对照组比较差异有统计学意义,P<0.01;感染期不同阶段心肌病毒RNA含量的检测显示,心康口服液2个治疗组的病毒含量的检出,并没有随着用药时间的延长而显著降低。结论中药心康口服液能有效地影响心肌CVB3RNA的复制,其对病毒的作用是抑制复制而非杀灭。     

小胶质细胞对坐骨神经损伤后的反应

目的 探讨对小细胞对周围神经损伤的反应。方法 用Thymosin β4抗体标汜小胶质细胞,在大鼠坐骨神经切断后1、2、3、4、6、8、10、12、14、18、20d,检测其脊髓及脑干内小胶质细胞、并对有变化者用电镜观察。结果 发现在坐骨神经损伤后第1天开始至第20天,在相应脊髓节段同侧灰质及脑干的薄束核内见到许多体积增大、数量增多的Thymosin β4标记阳性细胞即激活的小胶质细胞。激活的小胶质细胞数量在损伤后第3天达到高峰,然后逐渐下降,至第20天后才消失;与相应脊髓节段相比较,薄束核内激活的小胶质细胞数量要少些。电镜观察发现,这些激活的小胶质细胞多位于神经元胞体的周围并与神经元有密切的接触。结论 周围神经损伤,可引起相应中枢部位的小胶质细胞激活与增殖．其作用可能与保护受损的神经元、维护神经元的周围环境有关。     

中枢神经系统髓鞘形成的研究进展

目前,随着产科及新生儿医学的发展,早产儿存活率明显提高,随之而来早产儿脑损伤数目明显增高.早产儿脑室周嗣白质软化(periventricular leukomalacia,PVL)是早产儿脑损伤的主要类型,其主要病理表现为脑白质损伤.     

δ-Aminovaleric acid antagonizes the pharmacological actions of baclofen in the central nervous system

Summary The action of -aminovaleric acid (AVA) on the muscle relaxant properties of baclofen, a GABA_B receptor agonist, was investigated in two experimental models: (1) the pathologically increased muscle tone of the gastrocnemius muscle in spastic mutant Han-Wistar rats and (2) the Hoffmann (H)-reflex recorded from plantar foot muscles after electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve in barbiturate (60 mg/kg) anaesthetized rats. In both paradigms coadministration of AVA (500 nmol/5 l) antagonized the muscle relaxant action of intrathecally applied baclofen (0.2–2 nmol), but failed to affect the muscle relaxant effects of intrathecally injected muscimol (2–20 nmol). In contrast, coadministration of bicuculline (1 nmol) did block the muscle relaxant action of muscimol, but failed to alter the effects of baclofen. When administered alone, bicuculline (1 nmol), or AVA (500 nmol–2 mol) were without intrinsic action in both paradigms. In an additional series of experiments we investigated the action of AVA on a supraspinal effect of baclofen. Coadministration of AVA (12.5 nmol/0.5 l) in the ventromedial thalamic nucleus antagonized the catalepsy induced by baclofen (ED₅₀ 10 pmol/0.5 l), as indicated by an increase in ED₅₀ of baclofen by a factor of 4.835 and a parallel shift of the probit-log dosage regression line to the right. The parallel shift seems to be consistent with a competitive mechanism of action of AVA. This study presents evidence that AVA antagonizes central pharmacological actions of baclofen at both spinal and supraspinal sites without affecting the actions of a GABA_A agonist, muscimol.     

Granular cell tumors of the central nervous system of rats.

On the basis of our study of 12 cases of granular cell tumors in the brains of rats of different inbred strains, it seems that granular cell tumors are not rate in the central nervous system of untreated, aging BN/Bi rats. In none were metastases found. Awareness of the occurrence of these tumors in the central nervous system of these rats may stimulate further studies into the cellular origin of granular cell tumors that form in the central nervous system of the rat and might help to elucidate the origin of these tumors in general.     

Cadherins in the central nervous system

The central nervous system (CNS) is divided into diverse embryological and functional compartments. The early embryonic CNS consists of a series of transverse subdivisions (neuromeres) and longitudinal domains. These embryonic subdivisions represent histogenetic fields in which neurons are born and aggregate in distinct cell groups (brain nuclei and layers). Different subsets of these aggregates become selectively connected by nerve fiber tracts and, finally, by synapses, thus forming the neural circuits of the functional systems in the CNS. Recent work has shown that 30 or more members of the cadherin family of morphoregulatory molecules are differentially expressed in the developing and mature brain at almost all stages of development. In a regionally specific fashion, most cadherins studied to date are expressed by the embryonic subdivisions of the early embryonic brain, by developing brain nuclei, cortical layers and regions, and by fiber tracts, neural circuits and synapses. Each cadherin shows a unique expression pattern that is distinct from that of other cadherins. Experimental evidence suggests that cadherins contribute to CNS regionalization, morphogenesis and fiber tract formation, possibly by conferring preferentially homotypic adhesiveness (or other types of interactions) between the diverse structural elements of the CNS. Cadherin-mediated adhesive specificity may thus provide a molecular code for early embryonic CNS regionalization as well as for the development and maintenance of functional structures in the CNS, from embryonic subdivisions to brain nuclei, cortical layers and neural circuits, down to the level of individual synapses.