Action of Rubus coreanus extract on systemic and local anaphylaxis

The effect was investigated of the aqueous extract of Rubus coreanus Miq. (Rosaceae) fruits (RCAE) on systemic and local anaphylaxis. RCAE (0.01-1 g/kg) dose-dependently inhibited systemic anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 in mice. RCAE (1 g/kg) also significantly inhibited local anaphylaxis activated by anti-DNP IgE. Pretreatment with RCAE at the same concentration before systemic anaphylaxis reduced the plasma histamine levels in a dose-dependent manner. RCAE (0.001-1 mg/mL) dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. The level of cAMP in RPMC, when RCAE was added, significantly increased, compared with that of the normal control. Moreover, RCAE (0.01-1 mg/mL) had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-DNP IgE-induced tumour necrosis factor-alpha production from RPMC. These results indicate that RCAE may possess antianaphylactic action.     

The evaluation of antianaphylactic effect of Oryza sativa L. in rats.

This study was carried out to examine the effect of methanol extract of Oryza sativa L. (Dong-Jin in Korean, abbreviate as Os-DJ hereafter) on anaphylaxis. Os-DJ (10(-5) to 1 g/kg) dose-dependently inhibited systemic anaphylaxis induced by compound 48/80 in rats. When Os-DJ was pretreated at concentration ranging from 10(-5) to 1 g/kg, the serum histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Os-DJ (1 g/kg) also significantly inhibited local anaphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE. Moreover, Os-DJ dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. These results indicate that Os-DJ possess antianaphylactic activity by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro.     

Effect of Korean folk medicine 'Chung-Dae-San' on mast cell-dependent anaphylactic reaction

We investigated the effect of the herbal formulation 'Chung-Dae-San' (CDS) on anaphylactic reactions. CDS inhibited compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic shock 100% with the dose of 10(0) g/kg body weight (BW). When CDS was given as pretreatment at concentrations ranging from 10(-4) to 10(0) g/kg BW, the serum histamine levels induced by compound 48/80 were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. We also investigated the effect of CDS on mast cell-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE antibody. CDS potently inhibited PCA when administered orally, topically, intraperitoneally or intradermally. However, it did not show inhibitory activity when administered intravenously. CDS dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) by compound 48/80 and anti-DNP IgE. Moreover, the level of cAMP in RPMC, when CDS was added, significantly increased about 4-fold at 4 min compared with that of basal cells. These results indicate that CDS may possess strong antianaphylactic activity and also suggest the differential activity following administration routes may be caused by difference in bioavailability.     

Effect of Vitex rotundifolia on immediate-type allergic reaction

We investigated the effect of aqueous extract of Vitex rotundifolia (L.) (Verbenaceae) fruits (VRFE) on the immediate-type allergic reactions in vivo and in vitro. VRFE (10(-4)-1.0 g/kg) dose-dependently inhibited systemic allergic reaction induced by compound 48/80. When VRFE was employed in a systemic allergic reaction test, the plasma histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. VRFE (5x10(-1) and 1.0 g/kg) inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE. VRFE (10(-3)-1.0 mg/ml) also dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. Moreover, VRFE (10(-3) mg/ml) had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-DNP IgE-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha production from RPMC. These results suggest that VRFE may be beneficial in the regulation of immediate-type allergic reaction.     

Effect of Korean folk medicine ‘Chung-Dae-San' on mast cell-dependent anaphylactic reaction

We investigated the effect of the herbal formulation ‘Chung-Dae-San’ (CDS) on anaphylactic reactions. CDS inhibited compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic shock 100% with the dose of 10⁰ g/kg body weight (BW). When CDS was given as pretreatment at concentrations ranging from 10⁻⁴ to 10⁰ g/kg BW, the serum histamine levels induced by compound 48/80 were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. We also investigated the effect of CDS on mast cell-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE antibody. CDS potently inhibited PCA when administered orally, topically, intraperitoneally or intradermally. However, it did not show inhibitory activity when administered intravenously. CDS dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) by compound 48/80 and anti-DNP IgE. Moreover, the level of cAMP in RPMC, when CDS was added, significantly increased about 4-fold at 4 min compared with that of basal cells. These results indicate that CDS may possess strong antianaphylactic activity and also suggest the differential activity follwing administration routes may be caused by difference in bioavailability.     

The stem of sinomenium acutum inhibits mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reactions and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production from rat peritoneal mast cells

The aqueous extract of Sinomenium acutum stem (SSAE) (0.1-1000 mg/kg) dose-dependently inhibited systemic anaphylactic reaction induced by compound 48/80 in mice. In particular, SSAE reduced compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic reaction with 50% at the dose of 1000 mg/kg. SSAE (100-1000 mg/kg) also significantly inhibited local anaphylactic reaction activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE. When mice were pretreated with SSAE at a concentration ranging from 0.1 to 1000 mg/kg, the plasma histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. SSAE (1-1000 microg/ml) dose-dependently inhibited histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. In addition, SSAE (0.1 microg/ml) had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-DNP IgE-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production. These results indicate that SSAE inhibits mast cell-mediated anaphylactic reactions and TNF-alpha production from mast cells.     

Effect of Alpinia oxyphylla fruit extract on compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic reactions.

The effect of the aqueous extract of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. (Zingiberaceae) fruits (AOFE) on anaphylactic reaction was investigated. AOFE completely inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic shock at dose of 1.0 g/kg. When AOFE was pretreated at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 g/kg, the plasma histamine levels induced by compound 48/80 were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. AOFE also inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) by compound 48/80. The level of cAMP in RPMC, when AOFE was added, transiently and significantly increased about 4-fold compared with that of basal cells. These results indicate that AOFE may be beneficial in the treatment of non-specific anaphylactic reactions.     

Effect of Cryptotympana atrata extract on compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic reactions.

We studied the effect of the aqueous extract of Cryptotympana atrata Fabricius on anaphylactic reactions. Cryptotympana atrata completely inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic shock at doses of 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg. When Cryptotympana atrata was given as pretreatment at concentrations ranging from 0.025 to 1.0 g/kg, the plasma histamine levels induced by compound 48/80 were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Cryptotympana atrata also inhibited histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) by compound 48/80. In addition, when Cryptotympana atrata was added, the level of cAMP in RPMC transiently and significantly increased about 14-fold compared with that of control cells. Our studies provide evidence that Cryptotympana atrata may be beneficial in the treatment of nonspecific anaphylactic reactions.     

Phlomis umbrosa root inhibits mast cell-dependent allergic reactions and inflammatory cytokine secretion

The effect of an aqueous extract of Phlomis umbrosa Turcz. (Labiatae) root (PUAE) on mast cell-dependent allergic reactions and inflammatory cytokine secretion were investigated. PUAE (0.01-1 g/kg) inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic allergic reaction. When PUAE was employed in a systemic allergic reaction test, the plasma histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. PUAE (0.1 and 1 g/kg) also significantly inhibited the local allergic reaction activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE. PUAE (0.001-1 mg/mL) dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. PUAE (0.01-1 mg/mL) inhibited the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate plus calcium ionophore A23187-stimulated human mast cell line (HMC-1) cells. PUAE (1 mg/mL) inhibited the gene expression and production of the main inflammatory cytokine, TNF-alpha, in HMC-1 cells. These results provide evidence that PUAE may be beneficial in the treatment of allergic diseases.     

Shini-san inhibits mast cell-dependent immediate-type allergic reactions

Shini-San has been used for treatment of allergic disease in Korea. However, its effect in experimental models remains unknown. The mast cell plays a pivotal role in initiating allergic response by secreting intracytoplasmic granular mediators such as histamine. The present report describes an inhibitory effect of Shini-San on mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions. Topical application of compound 48/80 can induce an ear swelling response in normal (WBB6F1(-)+/+) mice but not in congenic mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/WV mice. Shini-San inhibited concentration-dependent mast cell-dependent ear swelling response induced by compound 48/80 in normal mice. Shini-San inhibited concentration-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis induced by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) immunoglobulin E (IgE) in rats by topical application. Shini-San also inhibited in concentration-dependent fashion the histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. Moreover, Shini-San had a significant inhibitory effect on compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction. These results indicate that Shini-San inhibits immediate type allergic reactions by inhibition of mast cell degranulation in vivo and in vitro.     

Inhibitory action of water soluble fraction of Terminalia chebula on systemic and local anaphylaxis

We investigated the effects of the water soluble fraction of Terminalia chebula (Combretaceae) (WFTC) on systemic and local anaphylaxis. WFTC administered 1h before compound 48/80 injection inhibited compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic shock 100% with doses of 0.01-1.0 g/kg. When WFTC was administered 5 or 10 min after compound 48/80 injection, the mortality also decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis was inhibited by 63.5+/-7.8% by oral administration of WFTC (1.0 g/kg). When WFTC was pretreated at concentrations ranging from 0.005 to 1.0 g/kg, the serum histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. WFTC (0.01-1.0 mg/ml) also significantly inhibited histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) by compound 48/80. However, WFTC (1.0 mg/ml) had a significant increasing effect on anti-dinitrophenyl IgE-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha production from RPMC. These results indicate that WFTC may possess a strong antianaphylactic action.     

Effect of Syzygium aromaticum extract on immediate hypersensitivity in rats

We investigated the effect of aqueous extract of Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. et Perry (Myrtaceae) flower bud (SAFB) on immediate hypersensitivity. SAFB inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis in rats (IC₅₀=31.25 mg/kg, i.p.). SAFB also inhibited local immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylactic reaction (IC₅₀=17.78 mg/kg, i.v.; IC₅₀=19.81 mg/kg, p.o.). When SAFB was pretreated at concentrations ranging from 25 to 1000 mg/kg, the serum histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, SAFB dose-dependently inhibited histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) by compound 48/80 or anti-dinitrophenyl IgE. When SAFB was added, the level of cAMP in RPMC transiently and significantly increased about 47-fold at 10 s compared with that of basal cells. These results indicate that SAFB inhibits immediate hypersensitivity by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro.     

Inhibitory effects of Okbyungpoong-Gamhmi on anaphylactic responses

We investigated the effect of a herbal formulation Okbyungpoong-Gamhmi (OG) on mast cell-dependent anaphylactic reactions by intra-rectal administration. OG concentration dependently inhibited compound 48/80-induced anaphylaxis-like response and ear swelling response with doses of 0.01-1g/kg. OG also inhibited the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis at the same concentrations. The histamine release induced by compound 48/80 or IgE from the rat peritoneal mast cells was reduced by 64.2 and 63.6%, respectively, at 1g/l. These results provide evidence that intra-rectal therapy of OG may be beneficial in the treatment of anaphylactic response.     

Inhibitory effects of Korean folk medicine `Hi-Chum' on histamine release from mast cells in vivo and in vitro

The effect of aqueous extract of Siegesbeckia glabrescence (Compositae) whole plants (SGWP) on systemic or local anaphylaxis was studied. SGWP inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis 100% with a dose of 1000 mg/kg. Oral administration of SGWP (100 mg/kg) showed a marked inhibition rate in local immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction. When SGWP was pretreated at concentration ranging from 0.1 to 1000 mg/kg, the serum histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, SGWP dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from peritoneal mast cells by compound 48/80. These results indicate that SGWP possess strong antianaphylactic activity by inhibition of histamine release from mast cells.     

Inhibition of mast cell-dependent immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions by purple bamboo salt

Purple bamboo salt is a specially processed salt according to the traditional recipe using normal salt and bamboo etc. It has been used as a folk medicine for the purpose of prevention and treatment of various diseases in Korea. This report describes an inhibitory effect of purple bamboo salt on mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions. Purple bamboo salt (0.01-1 microg per site) significantly inhibited the ear swelling response induced by intradermal injection of compound 48/80 in mice. Purple bamboo salt (0.01-1 mg/ml) dose-dependently inhibited the histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs) by compound 48/80. Purple bamboo salt (0.01-1 g/kg) also dose-dependently inhibited the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) by oral administration. Our results provide evidence that purple bamboo salt will be beneficial in the regulation of immediate-type of allergic reactions.     

Effect of Acanthopanax senticosus stem on mast cell-dependent anaphylaxis

We studied the effect of Acanthopanax senticosus stem (ACPS) on mast cell-dependent anaphylaxis. ACPS inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis at a dose of 1.0 g/kg by 50%. ACPS also inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction and histamine release from mast cells in a dose-dependent manner, respectively. Moreover, ACPS had an inhibitory effect on anti-dinitrophenyl IgE-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production from mast cells. These results indicate that ACPS inhibits mast cell-mediated anaphylaxis in vivo and in vitro murine model.     

Proanthocyanidin‐rich Pinus radiata bark extract inhibits mast cell‐mediated anaphylaxis‐like reactions

Mast cells play a critical role in the effector phase of immediate hypersensitivity and allergic reactions. Pinus radiata bark extract exerts multiple biological effects and exhibits immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties. However, its role in mast cell‐mediated anaphylactic reactions has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we examined the effects of proanthocyanidin‐rich water extract (PAWE) isolated from P. radiata bark on compound 48/80‐induced or antidinitrophenyl (DNP) immunoglobulin E (IgE)‐mediated anaphylaxis‐like reactions in vivo. In addition, we evaluated the mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of PAWE on mast cell activation, with a specific focus on histamine release, using rat peritoneal mast cells. PAWE attenuated compound 48/80‐induced or anti‐DNP IgE‐mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis‐like reactions in mice, and it inhibited histamine release triggered by compound 48/80, ionophore A23187, or anti‐DNP IgE in rat peritoneal mast cells in vitro. Moreover, PAWE suppressed compound 48/80‐elicited calcium uptake in a concentration‐dependent manner and promoted a transient increase in intracellular cyclic adenosine‐3′,5′‐monophosphate levels. Together, these results suggest that proanthocyanidin‐rich P. radiata bark extract effectively inhibits anaphylaxis‐like reactions.     

广西甜茶的抗过敏作用研究

目的：研究广西甜茶（Rubus suavissimus S.Lee）提取物的抗过敏作用并观察其对大鼠腹腔肥大细胞释放组胺的影响,探讨可能的作用机制。方法：采用2,4-二硝基氟苯（DNFB）及绵羊红细胞（SRBC）诱发的小鼠迟发型过敏反应,小鼠异种被动皮肤过敏反应（PCA）,观察连续口服给予广西甜茶提取物的抗过敏作用。利用高效液相-库仑阵列电化学检测系统（HPLC-ECD）测定Compound 48/80刺激大鼠腹腔肥大细胞释放组胺,评价广西甜茶提取物对肥大细胞释放组胺的影响。结果：与模型组相比,连续口服广西甜茶提取物125、250及500 mg/kg均能显著抑制由DNFB诱发小鼠耳肿胀及血管通透性的增高。此外,广西甜茶提取物可以减轻小鼠异种被动皮肤过敏反应及对SRBC诱发小鼠迟发型过敏反应足跖肿胀也显示有一定程度的抑制作用。体外实验证明广西甜茶提取物对Compound 48/80刺激大鼠腹腔肥大细胞释放组胺呈剂量依赖性抑制作用。结论：广西甜茶具有显著的抗过敏作用,其作用机制可能与抑制肥大细胞释放组胺有关。     

Inhibitory effects of Selaginella tamariscina on immediate allergic reactions

The anti-allergic effects of a 70% ethanol extract from Selaginella tamariscina herb (EST) were evaluated in this study. EST given at the doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg can inhibit mouse systemic anaphylactic shock induced by compound 48/80 in a dose-dependent manner. It can also dose-dependently block rat homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and skin reactions caused by exogenous histamine and serotonin with a significant difference observed at the dose of 1000 mg/kg. In addition, EST can reduce histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells triggered by compound 48/80 and an antigen in vitro. When incubated with rat mast cells, the extract (200 microg/ml) can significantly elevate the intracellular cAMP levels. The finding suggests that EST inhibits mast cell-dependent, immediate allergic reactions. Its effects appear to be mediated by reducing the release of vasoactive amines such as histamine from mast cells via stabilizing the cell membrane and weakening the inflammatory action of these amines. Based on these results, Selaginella tamariscina and one of its active components flavonoids may be useful as potential remedies for allergic rhinitis and other allergy-related diseases.