肝癌患者红细胞CD35、CD44s和CD58分子的检测及临床意义

红细胞膜上广泛存在免疫分子(如CD35、CD44s、CD58等)参与机体识别抗原,清除循环免疫复合物,增强巨噬细胞的吞噬功能和调控淋巴细胞等非特异性和特异性免疫反应,在抗感染、抗肿瘤和免疫自稳过程中具有重要作用[1].     

肝病患者红细胞免疫功能变化的意义

红细胞免疫是现代血液免疫学的新兴科研领域,肝脏是红细胞发挥其多疫功能的重要场所之一。各种肝病时,红细胞和血液中其它免疫细胞一样,其免疫功能都直接或间接地受到不同程度的影响,并随病情呈相应变化。 1 肝脏与红细胞免疫功能(RCIF) 1.1 红细胞的免疫功能 红细胞具有识别抗原,清除循环免疫复合物(CIC)、增强吞噬细胞的吞噬功能、提呈抗原给T淋巴细胞、起效应细胞样作用,调     

慢性布氏菌病病人红细胞免疫功能的初步研究

1981年 Siegl 等提出了“红细胞免疫系统的新概念,指出红细胞不仅具有呼吸功能,而且备免疫功能。人体血循环中的C_3b 受体有95%位于红细胞膜上,红细胞通过 C_3b 受体清除免疫复合物的能力是白细胞的500～1000倍。并证明自家免疫性疾病患者红细胞粘附免疫复合物能力高。但布氏菌病(以下简称布病)病人红细胞免疫功能如何尚未见到报导。     

原发性肾小球疾病肾衰细胞免疫功能的临床研究

目的研究原发性肾小球疾病肾衰(CRF)细胞免疫功能的临床变化情况,以寻找更好的控制CRF的措施。方法选择CRF患者59例为研究对象,观察CRF组与正常对照组的红细胞免疫功能、T淋巴细胞免疫功能、血清循环免疫复合物(CIC)的水平。结果与对照组比较,CRF的红细胞免疫功能及T淋巴细胞免疫功能均异常的显著降低(P<0.01),CIC显著升高(P<0.01)。结论CRF细胞免疫功能降低,红细胞免疫和T淋巴细胞免疫功能互相影响,在CRF的发病过程中起重要作用,促进患者细胞免疫功能的恢复对CRF治疗有重要意义。     

不同透析膜透析时患者体内脂质过氧化的变化

为探讨不同透析膜透析时氧自由基对维持性血液透析病人可能产生的氧化损伤，对维持性血液透析病人使用铜仿膜。聚砜膜及血仿膜透析．分别检测透析前后血浆和红细胞向二醛、超氧化物歧化酶及全血谷光甘肽过氧化物酶活性，并与健康组对照。结果发现铜仿膜透析后红细胞丙二醛显著增加，超氧化物歧化酶活性显著降低，聚砜膜和血仿膜透析时则变化不明显。此结果提示使用聚砜膜或血仿膜行长期血液透析对防治维持性血液透析病人氧自由基增加而产生的并发症有重要的临床意义。     

尿毒症患者红细胞膜泵功能的研究

本文对32例尿毒症及透析治疗患者的红细胞膜Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)+ATP酶和Na~+-K~+ATP酶活性及红细胞内钙、钠离子浓度进行同步测定。发现尿毒症患者的Ca~(2+)-Mg~(2+)ATP酶和Na~+-K~+ATP酶活性降低,红细胞内钙、钠浓度升高,经透析治疗2～3个月后,尿毒症患者血清中分子水平降低,Ca~(2+)-Mg~2+AI"P瞎和Na+.K+ATP酶活性恢复.此外,我们还测定了一次血透前后血浆钙及全血离子钙浓度的变化;并将尿毒症组与同期透析治疗组各项指标作了比较,结果发现同期透析治疗患者的膜泵功能明显恢复,血清钙浓度得到纠正.     

高血脂对红细胞免疫功能的影响

目的研究高血脂及调脂治疗后对红细胞免疫功能的影响。方法选取高脂血症患者46例和健康自愿者45名,取其晨起空腹肝素抗凝血及自凝血各2 mL,采用酵母菌红细胞免疫花环改良试验法对红细胞免疫功能指标红细胞C3b受体花环形成率(RBC-C3bRR)和红细胞免疫复合物花环形成率(RBC-ICR)进行检测,同时对其血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)进行测定;高脂血症组予血脂康治疗8周后复查上述指标,并对结果进行统计分析。结果高脂血症组治疗前TC、TG、LDL-C、RBC-ICR较对照组明显增高(P<0.05或P<0.01),RBC-C3bRR减低(P<0.05),而HDL-C变化无统计学意义(P>0.05),高脂血症组治疗后红细胞免疫功能与血脂指标与治疗前比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高脂血症是影响红细胞免疫功能的因素之一。     

肾脏疾病与红细胞免疫

自从１９８１年Ｓｉｅｇｅｌ等首次提出“红细胞免疫系统”以来，国内外学者对此进行大量研究，并相继证明红细胞免疫参与了许多疾病的发病过程，其中肾脏疾病与红细胞免疫之间的相互关系尤为密切，现就有关研究进展综述如下。１　红细胞的免疫功能红细胞的免疫功能主要是指红细胞免疫粘附作用及红细胞促吞噬作用。１．１　免疫粘附作用　Ｆｅａｒｏｎ在测定各种血细胞膜上的Ｃ３ｂ受体数后指出，红细胞膜上Ｃ３ｂ受体约占循环总数的９５％，因而红细胞在血中遇到免疫复合物（ＣＩＣ）的机会比白细胞大５００～１０００倍，红细胞从循环中排…     

血吸虫病兔红细胞免疫功能的研究

目的　探讨各期血吸虫病实验动物模型红细胞免疫功能状况 ,描述红细胞免疫水平与血吸虫感染的关系。方法　采用红细胞免疫功能测定法 ,对 8只家兔日本血吸虫感染前后不同时间的红细胞受体花环率 (C3b receptor rosette rate,C3b RRR)、免疫复合物花环率 (Imm une complexrosette rate,ICRR)、以及血清中红细胞免疫黏附调节促进因子和抑制因子的活性 -红细胞玫瑰花环形成促进率 (Rosette form ing enhancing rate,RFER)和玫瑰花环形成抑制率 (Rosette forming in-hibitory rate,RFIR)进行测定。结果　感染兔各期 C3b RRR和 RFER均低于正常检测值 ,而 ICRR和 RFIR均高于正常检测值 ,但感染后 1个月 ,各检测指标与正常检测值比较差异均无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;而感染后 2～ 4个月差异显著 (P<0 .0 5 )。随着感染时间的延长 ,C3b RRR和 RFER呈下降趋势 ,ICRR和 RFIR呈上升趋势。结论　测定血吸虫病患者红细胞免疫功能 ,对了解其免疫状态具有一定的意义     

慢性布氏菌病患者红细胞免疫功能的初步观察

临床医学中的红细胞免疫反应我们见于不相容的输血中和新生儿溶血性疾病,但把红细胞作为机体防御功能的一个免疫系统,还是于1981年由 Siegel 等提出来的。这个新概念提出之后,立即引起世界免疫学界的极大兴趣,并开展了一系列的研究工作。Siegel 的实验证明红细胞不仅具有呼吸功能,而且具备免疫功能,并证实红细胞通过其膜 C_(3b) 受体的粘附作用来清除致病性免疫     

维生素E修饰的透析膜抗氧化作用临床研究

目的　观察维生素E(VitE)修饰的透析膜 (Cl E)的抗氧化作用。方法　选择 2 0 0 3- 0 5～ 2 0 0 3- 0 7首都医科大学附属友谊医院住院的 5 7名血透患者随机分为 3组。A组Cl E ;B组常规透析膜同时服VitE(每天4 0 0mg) ;C组常规透析膜 ,观察 4周。第 1、13次透析前抽血 ,测血浆和红细胞中丙二醛 (MDA )、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH px)、过氧化物歧酶 (SOD)、VitE及血浆晚期氧化蛋白质终末产物 (AOPP)。结果　A组观察结束后血浆和红细胞中VitE、GSH px、GSH及SOD比观察前升高 ,MDA及AOPP(红细胞中未测 )下降 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。B组红细胞中VitE比观察前升高 ,血浆和红细胞中MDA下降 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,其余指标无明显变化。C组实验前后各指标无明显变化 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　透析患者使用VitE有抗氧化作用 ,用Cl E透析比口服VitE效果更好。     

G6PD-deficiency infectious haemolysis: a complement dependent innocent bystander phenomenon

Dramatic haemolysis may accompany viral hepatitis and pneumococcal pneumonia in G6PD-deficient patients. Since red blood cells (RBCs) are richly endowed with receptors for activated complement, particularly C3b, we hypothesized that bulky, complement-activating immune complexes (IC) consisting of microbes and antibody might attract granulocytes (PMNs), facilitating oxidative 'innocent bystander' RBC damage. Indeed, opsonization with only two type-2 pneumococcus (PN3)/anti-PN3/C3b complexes per RBC caused agglutination of RBC, a phenomenon termed immune adherence. Addition of as few as one PMN per 20 opsonized RBCs caused the glutathione (GSH) levels of co-incubated G6PD-deficient RBCs to fall by 30% (from 3.5 to 1.8 +/- 0.8 mumoles GSH/g Hb) compared to identically incubated, but nonopsonized, G6PD-deficient RBCs. GSH levels remained normal (5.2 +/- 0.4 mumoles/g Hb) in PMN-exposed opsonized normal RBCs. GSH depletion in G6PD-deficient RBC was directly related to disease severity--falling a mean 33% in RBCs from two Black G6PD A- subjects but 59% in two Caucasian G6PD deficient RBCs. Prevention of C3b generation (with 10 mM EDTA) during opsonization abrogated both immune adherence and PMN-mediated GSH decline in oxidant-sensitive cells. Similarly, removal of C3b receptors by brief trypsin incubation of RBCs eliminated immune adherence and GSH decline. Thus, both phenomena are dependent on IC complement activation and subsequent binding of the bacterial IC to the RBC complement receptors. Although clearance of IC by RBCs may be beneficial in protecting other tissues from inflammatory damage, G6PD-deficient RBCs are vulnerable to oxidants generated by juxtaposed phagocytes--cells attracted to, and stimulated by, the immune complex/C3b combination. It is suggested that this 'Good Samaritan' activity of RBCs may lead to haemolysis during periods of exuberant antibody response to microbes.     

促红细胞生成素对慢性肾功能衰竭患者免疫功能的影响

对３６例慢性肾功能衰竭（ＣＲＦ）患者应用促红细胞生成素（ＥＰＯ）治疗前后检测红细胞免疫功能及中性粒细胞吞噬功能，粘附率，结果发现ＥＰＯ治疗后ＣＲＦ患者红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率、红细胞Ｉｃ花环率、中性粒细胞吞噬功能，粘附率均较治疗前明显升高。认为ＥＰＯ可以明显的改善ＣＲＦ患者的免疫功能。     

维生素E修饰透析膜对血液透析患者红细胞抗氧化应激的效果

目的　观察VitE修饰的透析膜 (CL E)对血透患者红细胞生成素 (rH EPO)疗效的影响。方法　选 40名血透患者停EPO一个月 ,并随机分为二组 ,A组 ( 2 0例 )用CL E ;B组 ( 2 0例 )用常规透析膜 ,观察 6周。实验开始时两组同时给与同样剂量 (每周 15 0IU/kg)rH EPO治疗 ,分别于实验第 1、4、7、10、13、16、19次透析前测血常规 ,第 7、19次透析前取空腹血 ,测定血浆和红细胞中丙二醛 (MDA)、VitE及红细胞中谷胱甘肽 (GSH)、过氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)浓度。结果　实验结束时A组血浆VitE水平比实验前明显升高 ,MDA明显下降 ;红细胞中VitE、GSH及SOD明显升高 ,MDA明显下降 (P均 <0 .0 5 )。B组实验前后无明显变化。A组Hb水平在实验 4周时较实验前明显提高(P <0 .0 5 ) ,B组在 6周时发现 ,A组Hct水平在实验 3周时较实验前明显提高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,B组在 5周时才出现。结论　CL E有抗氧化作用 ,使rH EPO的升血作用提前出现 ,促进其升血效果     

Kinetic observation on BRC immune function of patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever]

The RBC immune function of 88 patients with epidemic haemorrhagic fever (EHF) was examined kinetically with complement-labeled yeast method established by Guo Feng. The results showed that the percentage of RBC c3b receptor rossette, activity of RCIA-enhancing factor and c3 in sera of patients during the 3 different phases of EHF were markedly lower than those of the normal controls, while the percentage of RBC IC rossete, activity of RCIA-inhibiting factor and CIC in sera of the patients were manifestly higher (P less than 0.01). The change of all the indices observed above was most apparent in oliguric phase. This suggested that RBC immune function is lowered in the process of EHF.     

克山病和大骨节病患者红细胞免疫功能与血硒水平的对比研究

对潜在型克山病和大骨节病患者的红细胞免疫功能、血清红细胞免疫粘附调节因子和全血硒含量进行了检测。结果表明：克山病和大骨节病患者的红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率和全血硒含量均明显低于非病区居民，血清红细胞免疫粘附抑制率均高于非病区居民，免疫复合物花环率和血清红细胞免疫粘附促进率与非病区居民无明显差但两病患者上述参数之间无明显差异。提示潜在型克山病和大骨节病患者红细胞免疫功能低下，可能均与低硒状态和血清红细胞     

HFRS不同血清型毒株交叉免疫小鼠抗体介导早死的研究

目的　感染ＨＦＲＳ病毒小鼠被动免疫不同型免疫血清,对抗体介导小鼠早死的研究。方法　用７６－ １１８、Ｒ２２ 、Ｒ２８３株病毒分别免疫小鼠,制备免疫血清。结果　７６－ １１８、Ｒ２２ 毒株免疫血清被动免疫同型毒株感染的小鼠抗体介导早死。用混合型毒株免疫血清被动免疫Ｈａｎｔａａｎ 型和Ｓｅｏｕｌ型毒株感染的小鼠抗体均介导早死。７６－ １１８ 与Ｒ２２ 交叉免疫无早死现象。结论　感染ＨＦＲＳ病毒小鼠输入免疫血清,抗体介导的早死具有ＨＦＲＳ病毒型特异性,与病毒表面抗原决定簇相关,与免疫血清剂量有关     

Laser diffractometry technique: clinical applications to vascular pathologies

Hypertension (HTA) and dyslipidemia (DLP) represent major risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebral-vascular ischemic disease. The mechanisms through which they can induce vascular damage are both metabolic and mechanical. Hemorheological alterations in HTA are result of changes affecting both red cell intrinsic structure and their interactions with the plasmatic components. Several hemorheological determinants (biochemical, ionic, metabolic and rheologic) could influence and produce an impaired erythrocyte deformability determining an increased flow resistance in the microcirculation. The "Erythrodeformeter" allows obtaining the stationary and dynamical linear parameters of erythrocyte membrane by laser diffractometry. Stationary and oscillatory shear-induced elongation of cells leads to an elliptical diffraction pattern, its geometric characteristics being directly related to those of deformed RBC. Erythrocyte stationary parameters (Deformability Index, surface viscosity and elastic modulus) were obtained in stationary regime. Complex viscoelastic parameters (dynamic elasticity, dynamic loss, viscous and elastic components of the complex viscosity) were obtained when operating in oscillating mode. The diffractometric method is sensitive to detect pathological or induced alterations on RBC membrane, which can affect blood flow in vivo. The rheological parameters obtained give important information about the erythrocyte membrane and allow to detect and characterize erythrocyte alterations in vascular pathologies.     

Release of soluble immune complexes from immune adherence receptors on human erythrocytes is mediated by C3b inactivator independently of β1H and is accompanied by generation of C3c

Antigen.antibody complexes (Ag.Ab) prepared from (125)I-labeled bovine serum albumin and guinea pig anti-albumin were incubated at 37 degrees C for 30 min with normal human serum diluted optimally for binding (1:16) and then with autologous erythrocytes (RBC). After washing, RBC-bearing antigen.antibody.complement complexes (Ag.Ab.C) were resuspended in serum reagents or solutions of purified complement components, and the kinetics of dissociation were analyzed. Ag.Ab.C dissociated in serum heated at 56 degrees C for 30 min (SDelta30) but not in serum heated for 120 min (SDelta120). Dissociation in SDelta30 markedly decreased after adsorption with anti-C3b inactivator but not anti-beta1H or anti-C4 binding protein (C4bp), and dissociation in SDelta120 markedly increased after addition of C3b inactivator. Hemolytic assays revealed that SDelta30 retained inactivator activity whereas SDelta120 lacked significant activity. Ag.Ab.C dissociated in the presence of purified inactivator or C3b but not beta1H or C3. Dissociation was more rapid with inactivator than with C3b and occurred at 0 degrees C as well as at 37 degrees C. Treatment with inactivator inhibitor abolished dissociation in SDelta30; dissociation in inactivator deficient serum was markedly reduced. Addition of beta1H did not enhance inactivator-mediated dissociation at limiting dilutions of inactivator, and adsorption of Ag.Ab.C with anti-beta1H or preparation of Ag.Ab.C with serum adsorbed with anti-beta1H did not diminish dissociation. After dissociation with inactivator, Ag.Ab.C were unchanged in size but were no longer able to bind to fresh RBC and gave enhanced binding to Raji and Daudi lymphoblastoid cells. NaDodSO(4)/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of Ag.Ab.C prepared with (125)I-labeled C3 revealed that, after binding to RBC, dissociation with inactivator was accompanied by generation of a C3 fragment the size of C3c. Preincubation of Ag.Ab.C with excess inactivator did not prevent subsequent binding of Ag.Ab.C to RBC but, immediately after binding, Ag.Ab.C dissociated rapidly. These findings indicate that C3b inactivator can release immune complexes from immune adherence receptors on human RBC, that release occurs independently of beta1H, alters cell binding properties of immune complexes, and involves multiple cleavages of the C3b alpha' chain, and that receptors in human RBC membrane are required for this C3b inactivator-mediated breakdown.     

红细胞衰老过程中临床血液参数、红细胞免疫粘附功能的改变及其临床意义

选用１４例青年人及１７例中老年人的血样品，采用聚蔗精密度梯度离心方法，获得青龄红细胞及老龄红细胞，并分别测定青龄红细胞及老龄红细胞的血液参数及免疫粘附功能。结果发现：ａ．血液参数的变化：老龄红细胞的平均体积（ＭＣＶ）变小；平均血红蛋白含量（ＭＣＨ）增加；血红蛋白浓度（ＭＣＨＣ）增加；体积分布宽度（ＲＤＷ）增加。提示衰老红细胞异质性增大。ｂ．免疫粘附功能的变化：老龄红细胞的Ｃ（３ｂ）受体活性降低；免疫复合物增加。以上结果说明红细胞在衰老过程中临床血液参数及免疫粘附功能的变化可为临床提供参考。