Clinical study of the ascending aorta wall motion by velocity vector imaging in patients with primary hypertension

We studied the wall motion characteristics of the ascending aorta by velocity vector imaging （VVI） in primary hypertension patients. The ascending aortas both in 30 patients with primary hypertension and 30 normal controls were examined by Acuson sequoia 512 equiped with VVI. The maximum velocity （Vs, Ve） of every point on the anterior wall of ascending aorta both in systole and diastole was measured. The aortic diameter was wider in the hypertension patients than that in the healthy subjects （P〈0.05）. The movement amplitude of the anterior wall of the ascending aorta in long axis view in the hypertension patients was lower than that in the healthy subjects （P〈0.05）. The motion and time to peak in systole of each point of the ascending aorta in the healthy subjects had no significant difference （P〉0.05）. The velocity curves of the anterior wall of ascending aorta both in the hypertension and healthy subjects were regular, and the curve in systole was named S wave and that in diastole named E wave. The velocity of S wave and E wave was slower in the hypertension patients than that in the healthy subjects （P〈0.05）. The time to peak of S wave on the anterior wall of ascending aorta in systole was shorter in the hypertension patients than in the healthy subjects （P〈0.05）. VVI could be used to accurately and directly observe the movement character of the ascending aorta walls, which would help us understand the elasticity of great arteries in patients with hypertension.     

斑点追踪显像技术与实时三平面定量组织速度成像技术评价高血压患者左室舒张功能

目的探讨斑点追踪显像(STI)技术和实时三平面(RT-3PE)定量组织速度成像(QTVI)技术评价高血压患者左室舒张功能的应用价值。方法收集32例高血压病患者(高血压病组)和40例正常人(正常组)的临床资料。应用STI技术获得左室6个壁基底段、中间段、心尖段的舒张早期峰值应变率(Sre)、舒张晚期峰值应变率(Sra),并分别计算平均峰值应变率(mSre、mSra)及mSre/mSra;用RT-3PE QTVI技术测得左室6个壁基底段、中间段的舒张早期峰值速度(Ve)、舒张晚期峰值速度(Va),并计算平均组织速度(mVe、mVa)以及mVe/mVa,进行分析比较。结果与正常组比较,高血压病组的Ve、Sre明显降低,Va及大部分节段Sra升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),mVe/mVa、mSre/mSra较正常组显著降低,而mSra升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 RT-3PE QTVI技术和STI技术能准确地测量高血压病患者舒张期左室壁运动速度及左室心肌应变率,为无创检测高血压病患者左室舒张功能提供了新方法。     

Assessment of effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonist losartan on aortic distensibility in patients with essential hypertension by echocardiography

Summary The effects of angiotensin II receptor antagonist losartan on elastic properties of aorta in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were assessed. The ascending aortic distensibility in 26 patients (48±3 years) with mild to moderate essential hypertension before and after 12 weeks of treatment with losartan (50 mg/day) was evaluated by using two-dimensional echocardiography. M-mode measurements of aortic systolic (D₅) and diastolic diameter (D_d) were taken at a level approximately 3 cm above the aortic valve. Simultaneously, cuff brachial artery systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) pressures were measured. Aortic pressure-strain elastic modulus (E_p) was calculated as D_d×(SBP−DBP)/(D_s−D_d)×1333 and stiffness index beta (β) was defined as D_d×Ln (SBP/DBP)/(D_s−D_d). Blood pressure significantly decreased from 148±13/95±9 mmHg to 138±12/88±8 mmHg (systolic blood pressure,P=0.001; diastolic blood pressure,P=0.003). There was no significant difference in pulse pressure before and after treatment with losartan (53±10 mmHg vs 50±7 mmHg). The distensibility of ascending aorta increased significantly as showed by the significant decrease in pressure-strain elastic modulus from 4.42±5.79×10⁶ dynes/cm² to 1.99 ±1.49×10⁶ dynes/cm² (P=0.02) and stiffness index beta from 27.4±32.9 to 13.3±9.9 (P=0.02). Although there was a weak correlation between the percent changes in pressure-strain elastic modulus and stiffness index beta and that in diastolic blood pressure after losartan treatment (r=0. 40,P=0.04 andr=0.55,P=0.004, respectively), no correlation was found between the percent changes in pressure-strain elastic modulus and stiffness index beta and that in systolic blood pressure (r=0.04,P=0.8 andr=0.24,P=0.2, respectively). Our study demonstrated that angiotensin II receptor antagonist losartan has a beneficial effect on aortic distensibility in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension and this effect is partly independent of blood pressure reduction. YANG Haoyi, male, born in 1971, M.D., Ph.D.     

QTVI及RT-3D超声心动图评价原发性高血压患者右心功能

目的探讨定量组织速度成像（Quantitativetissuevelocityimaging,QTVI）及实时三平面超声心动图评价原发性高血压患者右心功能的应用价值。方法对原发性高血压患者95例和25例正常人,运用QTVI技术,测量右室侧壁三尖瓣环处,舒张早期峰值速度（Em）,舒张晚期的峰值速度（Am）,计算Em／Am值,运用实时三平面技术测量左、右室容积,计算左室舒张末期容积（LVEDV）、左室收缩末期容积（LVESV）、左心室射血分数（IJVEF）、右室舒张末期容积（RVEDV）、右室收缩末期容积（RVESV）、右心室射血分数（RVEF）。结果原发性高血压各组右室侧壁三尖瓣环处Em及ErrdAm较对照纽均减低（P〈0．05或P〈O．01）,向心性肥厚纽的Em及EngAm值最低;离心性肥厚纽LVEDV、LVESV、RVEDV、RVESV较对照组显著增大（P〈0．01）,LVEF、RVEF显著减低（P〈0．01）。结论QTVI技术能早期敏感地发现高血压所致的右室舒张功能障碍,实时三平面超声心动图技术可快速简便地获得心脏的容积模型,定量测量右心容积并评价右心收缩功能。     

定量组织速度成像对家兔肺动脉栓塞模型的动态观察

目的 评价定量组织速度成像技术对检测家兔肺动脉栓塞模型右室功能的应用价值。方法 家兔22只, 经耳缘静脉注入栓子制成急性肺动脉栓塞模型。分别于造模前、造模后即刻、造模后1周及3周观察家兔右心室动态变化情况。存储心尖四腔心切面定量组织速度成像(QTVI)图像并进行脱机分析。结果 造模后即刻, 右室游离壁基底段, 中间段的收缩期峰值速度(V_P)均较造模前明显减低, 达峰时间(T_Vp)延长, 三尖瓣口舒张早期峰值血流速度/舒张晚期峰值血流速度(Ve/Va)大于1。差别具有显著性意义(P<0.05)。造模后1周, 右室游离壁基底段, 中间段的收缩期峰值速度(V_P)均较造模前减低, 达峰时间(T_Vp)延长, 较造模后即刻组差别无显著性意义, 但Ve/Va小于1。造模后3周, 右室游离壁基底段, 中间段的收缩期峰值速度(V_P)较造模前仍减低, Ve/Va比值小于1。较造模后1周组差别具有显著性意义(P<0.05)。组内比较收缩期峰值速度, 右室游离壁基底段均较中间段增大, 差别具有显著性意义。但收缩期达峰时间, 两者差别无显著性意义。结论 定量组织速度成像能够直观反映家兔右室舒张及收缩功能状况,是评价动物肺动脉栓塞模型右室功能的重要手段。     

速度向量成像及定量组织速度成像技术评价犬急性心肌缺血状态左心室舒张功能

目的 探讨应用速度向量成像技术(VVI)或定量组织速度成像技术(QTVI)评价急性心肌缺血状态犬的左室舒张功能的价值.方法 健康杂种犬6只,开胸后游离左冠状动脉回旋支或前降支,使用自制动脉血管缩窄器制备不同程度冠状动脉狭窄.测量不同冠脉血流状况下二尖瓣环心肌舒张速度平均值(Em),同时进行心导管检查,测量左室舒张末压(LVEDP).结果 随着犬心肌缺血程度的加重,左室舒张功能进行性下降,LVEDP则逐步升高(P<0.001),VVI与QTVI测量的Em逐渐降低(P<0.001及P=0.001),二者与LVEDP具有良好的负线性相关,使用VVI测量的Em与LVEDP的相关性r=-0.834,P<0.001.使用QTVI测量的Em与LVEDP的相关性r=-0.680.P<0.001,两相关系数行Z检验Z=2.625,P=0.0087.结论 VVI及QTVI技术均是无创性测量左室舒张功能的好方法,VVI作为一种新的超声技术,克服了测量时的角度依赖性,在评价左室舒张功能上明显优于QTVI,为临床上准确评价左室舒张功能提供了一种新的可靠方法.

Abstract：

Objective To assess the value of velocity vector imaging(VVI)and quantitative tissue velocity imaging(QTVI)in assessing left ventricular diastolic function ofthe dogs with acute myocardial ischemia.MetlIOds Six healthy mongrel dogswere subjected to ligation of the left circumflex artery or left anterior descending artery to induce coronary artery stenosis of varying degrees.The mean peak diastolic velocity(Em)of the ventricular walls around the mitral annulus was recorded with VVI or QTVI in the coronary blood flow.The left ventricular end diastolic pressure(LVEDP)was measured with pigtail catheter in the left ventricle. Results As the coronary blood flow decreased,LVEDP was gradually increased,and Em measured by VVI or QTVI were also gradually decreased.A good linear correlation was shown between Em measured by VVI or QTVI and LVEDP(r=-0.834,P<0.001,and r=-0.68,P<0.001,respectively).A significant difference was observed in the correlation coefficient between VVI and QTVI(Z=2.625,P=0.0087).Conclusion VVI and QTVI both provide good noninvasive means fur measuring left ventricular diastolic function.VVI,a new echocardiographic modality without angular dependence,is better than QTVI in evaluating left ventricular diastolic function.     

升主动脉扩张及主动脉瓣功能障碍对二叶式主动脉瓣患者主动脉弹性影响的磁共振成像研究

 目的 通过磁共振成像研究升主动脉扩张和主动脉瓣功能障碍对二叶式主动脉瓣（bicuspid aortic valve,BAV）患者中段升主动脉（middle ascending aorta,mid-AA）和近端降主动脉（proximal descending aorta,PDA）弹性的影响。方法 前瞻性选取复旦大学附属中山医院2019年10月至2021年3月间130名BAV患者和30名健康志愿者做3.0 T磁共振检查,测量其主动脉扩张度。根据升主动脉直径和主动脉瓣功能将BAV患者分为4组：BAV伴正常或轻度瓣膜功能障碍且升主动脉不扩张组（BAV-CTL组,n=30）;BAV伴正常或轻度瓣膜功能障碍且升主动脉扩张组（Dilated BAV-NF组,n=40）;BAV伴中重度主动脉瓣狭窄（aortic stenosis,AS）且升主动脉扩张组（Dilated BAV-AS组,n=30）;BAV伴中重度主动脉瓣关闭不全（aortic insufficiency,AI）且升主动脉扩张组（Dilated BAV-AI组,n=30）。在右肺动脉平面测量mid-AA和PDA的面积,计算其扩张度。采用Student’s t检验和Mann-Whitney U检验比较连续性变量,卡方检验或Fisher精确检验比较分类变量。结果 在无严重瓣膜功能障碍者中,BAV伴升主动脉扩张组较不扩张组mid-AA扩张度降低［2.77（IQR：1.45~6.26）vs.1.52 （IQR：1.08~2.19）,P=0.004］。在升主动脉扩张者中,BAV伴中重度AI组主动脉扩张度较伴正常或轻度瓣膜功能障碍组高［mid-AA：1.52（IQR：1.08-2.19） vs. 2.29 （IQR：1.60~4.08）,P=0.006;PDA：3.70（IQR：2.89~4.70） vs. 4.79 （IQR：2.93~6.80）,P=0.024］;BAV伴中重度AI组主动脉扩张度较伴中重度AS组高［mid-AA：1.60 （IQR：0.99~2.26） vs. 2.29 （IQR：1.60~4.08）,P=0.022;PDA：3.73 （IQR：2.38~4.40） vs. 4.79 （IQR：2.93~6.80）,P=0.014］。结论 升主动脉扩张和AI是影响BAV患者主动脉弹性的主要因素,主动脉扩张对弹性的影响局限于升主动脉,而AI对主动脉弹性的影响范围更广。     

定量组织速度成像用于左室舒张功能的评价

目的 应用定量组织速度成像（QTVI）测定二尖瓣环运动速度评价高血压病患者左室舒张功能。方法 应用定量组织速度成像测定30例正常人和60例高血压病患者的二尖瓣环舒张早期峰值速度（Ve）、左房收缩期峰值速度（Va），计算Ve／Va比值；并用脉冲多普勒测定二尖瓣口舒张早期峰值血流速度E峰、舒张晚期峰值血流速度A峰，计算E／A值。结果 正常组舒张早期峰值速度（E）〉左房收缩期峰值速度（A），E／A〉1；二尖瓣环舒张早期峰值速度（Ve）〉左房收缩期峰值速度（Va），Ve／Va〉1，高血压病人组二尖瓣口血流频谱及二尖瓣环运动组织速度成像测值差异有显著性，高血压组中二尖瓣环运动速度Ve／Va与二尖瓣血流频谱V／A差异无显著性。但在检出病例中QTVI明显优于血流频谱。结论 应用定量组织速度成像测定二尖瓣口运动速度能较准确估计高血压病患者左室舒张功能。     

高血压病患者大动脉功能改变与血管弹性的研究

目的 探讨高血压病患者动脉弹性功能变化情况及其影响因素.方法 应用脉搏波速度自动测量系统对62例健康人和232例高血压病患者进行颈动脉-股动脉脉搏波速度(CFPWV)检测,并分析与收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、平均压(MBP)、脉压(PP)、体重指数、年龄等指标的相关性.结果 高血压病患者的CFPWV显著高于健康人(P＜0.01).高血压病患者CFPWV显著高于健康人(P＜0.01),并与年龄、SBP、DBP、MBP、PP呈显著的负相关(P＜0.01).结论 高血压病患者的动脉弹性明显降低,检测CFPWV可观察动脉早期功能改变,对临床早期干预治疗具有重要意义.     

定量组织速度成像技术探讨小儿肺动脉瓣环运动参数与肺动脉高压的关系

目的:探讨定量组织速度成像( QTVI)技术测量小儿肺动脉瓣环运动参数与肺动脉高压的关系.方法:应用QTVI技术在剑下右室流出道长轴切面或胸骨旁大动脉短轴切面,取样容积置于肺动脉瓣环处获取肺动脉瓣环运动速度和时间参数.比较32例先天性心脏病合并肺动脉高压患儿与正常小儿肺动脉瓣环运动参数的变化.结果:32例正常小儿肺动脉瓣环处获取肺动脉瓣环运动速度-时间曲线的形态与三尖瓣环运动速度-时间曲线相类似,32例肺动脉高压患儿QTVI肺动脉瓣环速度参数Ea/Aa 0.68±0.36,明显低于正常小儿Ea/Aa 1.18±0.43,P＜0.001.32例肺动脉高压患儿QTVI按肺动脉瓣环时间参数计算的Tei指数0.82±0.34,明显高于正常小儿Tei指数0.37±0.05,P＜0.001.肺动脉高压患儿QTVI按肺动脉瓣环时间参数计算的Tei指数与肺血管阻力呈正相关,r=0.556(P＜0.001).结论:QTVI测量的肺动脉瓣环运动形态与三尖瓣环运动形态相类似;肺动脉高压时肺动脉瓣环速度Ea/Aa比值降低,Tei指数增高,Tei指数与肺血管阻力呈正相关.     

组织多普勒与血流多普勒评价原发性高血压右室舒张功能

目的:应用组织多普勒成像(TDI)技术检测三尖瓣环舒张期运动速度,并与三尖瓣血流多普勒进行对比研究,评价原发性高血压患者右室舒张功能。方法:应用TDI测量35例原发性高血压患者三尖瓣各叶瓣环舒张早期峰值速度e波及舒张晚期峰值速度a波;脉冲多普勒测量三尖瓣血流舒张早期及舒张晚期峰值速度E峰、A峰。并与对照组进行对比。结果:与对照组比较,高血压组平均e波、e/a比值及E峰、E/A比值减低(P<0.01),A峰升高;e/a<1检出率高于E/A<1检出率(P<0.01);三尖瓣各叶瓣环e/a比值间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:原发性高血压可引起右室舒张功能减低,三类瓣各叶瓣环运动技术能简便有效评价高血压右室舒张功能。     

Value of Quantitative Tissue Velocity Imaging in the Detection of Regional Myocardial Function in Dogs with Acute Subendocardial Ischemia

This study evaluated the application of quantitative tissue velocity imaging （QTVI） in assessing regional myocardial systolic and diastolic functions in dogs with acute subendocardial ischemia. Animal models of subendocardial ischemia were established by injecting microspheres （about 300 μm in diameter） into the proximal end of left circumflex coronary artery in 11 hybrid dogs through cannulation. Before and after embolization, two-dimensional echocardiography, QTVI and real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography （RT-MCE） via intravenous infusion of self-made microbubbles,were performed, respectively. The systolic segmental wall thickening and subendocardial myocardial longitudinal velocities of risk segments before and after embolization were compared by using paired t analysis. The regional myocardial video intensity versus contrast time could be fitted to an exponential function： y=A·（1-exp-β·t）, in which the product of A and β provides a measure of myocardial blood flow. RT-MCE showed that subendocardial normalized A·β was decreased markedly from 0.99±0.19 to 0.35±0.11 （P〈0.05） in 28 left ventricular （LV） myocardial segments after embolization, including 6 basal and 9 middle segments of lateral wall （LW）, 8 middle segments of posterior wall （PW） and 5 middle segments of inferior wall （IW）. However, there was no statistically significant difference in subepicardial layer before and after embolization. Accordingly, the ratio of A·β of subendocardial myocardium to subepicardial myocardium in these segments was significantly decreased from 1.10±0.10 to 0.31±0.07 （P〈0.05）. Although the systolic wall thickening did not change 5 min after the embolization in these ischemic segments （29%±3% vs 31%±5%, P〉0.05）, the longitudinal peak systolic velocities （Vs） and early-diastolic peak velocities （Ve） recorded by QTVI were declined significantly （P〈0.05）. Moreover, the subendocardial velocity curves during isovolumic relaxation predominant     

组织多普勒技术对肝硬化肾功能损害患者左心室舒张功能障碍的评价

目的探讨应用组织多普勒超声显像技术定量评估肝硬化伴肾功能损害患者左心室舒张功能的临床应用价值。方法纳入研究肝硬化伴肾功能损害患者24例,肝硬化无肾功能损害患者33例,正常对照组30例。运用二维超声检测左心室收缩末期内径(LVDS)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVDD)、室间隔厚度(IVST)、左心室舒张末期容量(LVEDV)、左心室收缩末期容量(LVESV),并计算左心室射血分数(LVEF)。运用组织多普勒技术定量检测二尖瓣舒张早期血流速度(E)和舒张晚期血流速度(A),二尖瓣环舒张早期峰值速度(E_m)和舒张晚期峰值速度(A_m),并计算E/A和E_m/A_m比值。结果肝硬化伴肾功能损害组的腹腔积液发生率、血清总胆红素、血清肌酐值明显高于正常对照组及肝硬化无肾功能损害组,而平均动脉压明显下降(P<0.05)。肝硬化伴肾功能损害组的LVDD、LVDS、LVEDV、LVESV显著增高,E_m降低,E_m/A_m比值明显降低,同正常对照组及肝硬化无肾功能损害组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组的LVEF无明显差异。结论肝硬化伴肾功能损害会导致早期、严重的左心室舒张功能异常,组织多普勒超声心动图可以对肝硬化患者左心室舒张功能减低进行综合的评价,是简便、实用的检测方法。     

Left Ventricular Regional Systolic Function in Patient with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy by Quantitative Tissue Velocity Imaging

The left ventricular regional systolic functions in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy （HCM） were assessed by using quantitative tissue velocity imaging （QTVI）. Left ventricular （LV） regional myocardial velocity along long- and short-axis in 31 HCM patients and 20 healthy subjects were analyzed by QTVI, and the regional myocardial systolic peak velocities （MVS） were measured. Mean MVS at each level including mitral annular, basal, middle and apical segments were calculated. The ratio of MVS along long-axis to that along short-axis （Ri） at basal and middle segments of the LV posterior wall and ventricular septum were calculated. The results showed that mean MVS was slower at each level including mitral annular, basal, middle and apical segments in the HCM patients than that in the healthy subjects （P〈0.01）. There were no significant differences in mean MVS between obstructive and non-obstructive groups in HCM patients. MVS of all regional myocardial segments along long-axis in the HCM patients were significantly slower than that in the healthy subjects （P〈0.05）, but there was no significant difference in MVS of all regional myocardial segments along long-axis between hypertrophied and non-hypertrophied group in the HCM patients. Ri was significantly lower in the HCM patients than that in the healthy subjects. The LV regional myocardial contractility along long-axis was impaired not only in the hypertrophied wall but also in the non-hypertrophied one in patients with HCM, suggesting that QTVI can assess accurately LV regional systolic function in patient with HCM and provides a novel means for an early diagnosis before and independent of hypertrophy.     

H型高血压对糖尿病肾病患者左心房及颈动脉功能的影响研究

目的 应用二维斑点追踪成像（two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging,2D-STI）和超声极速成像技术分别检测左心房壁心肌应变率参数和颈动脉弹性参数,评价H型高血压对糖尿病肾病患者左心房及颈动脉功能的影响。方法 收集2019年9月至2021年6月西安医学院第三附属医院就诊的糖尿病肾病患者136例,根据指南标准分为单纯高血压组53例及H型高血压组83例,选择同期健康受试者50例作为健康对照组。收集所有受试者常规超声心动图及多普勒超声检查参数。应用2D-STI计算左心房壁心肌应变率参数[左心房收缩期平均纵向峰值应变率（mean peak longitudinal strain rate of left atrium in systolic phase,mSRs）,左心房舒张晚期平均峰值纵向应变率（mean peak longitudinal strain rate of left atrium in late-diastolic phase,mSRa）,左心房舒张早期平均峰值纵向应变率（mean peak longitudinal strain rate of left atrium in early-diastolic phase,mSRe）]。超声极速成像技术检测颈动脉弹性相关参数[内-中膜厚度（intima-media thickness,IMT）,收缩早期脉搏波传导速度（beginning of the systole PWV,BS-PWV）,收缩晚期脉搏波传导速度（end of the systole PWV,ES-PWV）]。Pearson相关性分析左心房壁心肌应变率参数与颈动脉弹性参数间的相关性。结果 单纯高血压组和H型高血压组BMI、糖化血红蛋白浓度及收缩压、舒张压均高于健康对照组（P<0.05）。单纯高血压组和H型高血压组的左心房前后径（left atrial diameters,LAD）,二尖瓣口舒张早期血流速度峰值与二尖瓣环根部运动速度峰值比（E/e'）均高于健康对照组（P<0.05）,单纯高血压组LAD低于H型高血压组（P<0.05）。单纯高血压组和H型高血压组mSRs、mSRe均低于健康对照组,且H型高血压组mSRs、mSRe低于单纯高血压组（P<0.05）。单纯高血压组和H型高血压组IMT、BS-PWV及ES-PWV均高于健康对照组（P<0.05）;H型高血压组的IMT、BS-PWV及ES-PWV均高于单纯高血压组（P<0.05）。结论 相比健康人群,糖尿病肾病患者左心房和颈动脉功能明显发生损害,其中合并H型高血压的患者功能损害更加明显,且与颈动脉硬化及左心房功能损害具有相关性,提示H型高血压能加剧糖尿病肾病患者左心房及颈动脉功能损害。     

应用组织速度成像技术评价围产期心肌病恢复期患者左心功能

目的应用定量组织速度成像技术评价围产期心肌病患者左心功能。方法围产期心肌病恢复期患者15例,正常围产期妇女20例,应用定量组织速度成像技术分析软件测量心脏前间隔、后壁、后间隔、侧壁、前壁、下壁的二尖瓣环处收缩期峰值速度(Vs),舒张早期峰值速度(Ve),左房收缩期峰值速度(Va),计算Ve/Va,通过解剖M型超声测量左室射血分数(LVEF),通过二尖瓣口血流频谱获得二尖瓣口血流快速充盈速度(E),左房收缩期速度(A),计算E/A,并比较两组间各参数。结果患者组LVEF、E、A、E/A、Va均在正常范围,与正常组相比差异无显著性意义(P>0.05),各室壁的二尖瓣环处Vs、Ve和Ve/Va两组间差异有显著性意义。结论围产期心肌病恢复期患者左室整体收缩功能、舒张功能受损,组织速度成像能定量评价围产期心肌病患者纵向左心功能。     

Detection of Left Ventricular Regional Relaxation Abnormalities in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy by Quantitative Tissue Velocity Imaging

To assess the left ventricular regional relaxation abnormalities in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) by quantitative tissue velocity imaging (QTVI), Doppler eehocar-diography and QTVI were performed in HCM (n=10) and healthy subjects (n=11) at apical long-axis, two-chamber and four-chamber views. Regional early diastolic velocity (rVe) and regional at-rial contraction (rVa) were measured at each segment of ventrieular middle, basal and annular levels. Mean rVe and mean rVa at three levels as well as mean rVe/rVa ratio were calculated. Our results showed that transmitral inflow peak velocities during early diastole (E) and atrial contraction(A) were also measured and E/A ratio was calculated. The rVe of all left ventrieular segments in HCM were lower than those in healthy subjects (P＜0.05), but compared with healthy subjects majority of rVa in HCM were not different except inferior wall and anterior wall. E between HCM and healthy subjects was different (P=0. 036), while mean rVe between them was significantly different (P＜0. 0001 ). Mean rVa and mean rVe/rVa of three levels were lower in HCM than in healthy subjects (P＜0.05), but there were no differences in A and E/A between them (P=0.22,P=0. 101). Left ventricular regional myocardial relaxation is reduced in HCM. Transmitral inflow E and A are influenced by preload, relaxation of myocardium and atrial contraction, etc. , while rVe and rVa reflect myocardial relaxation function independently. QTVI is more sensitive and more accurate than conventional Doppler imaging for characterizingregional diastolic properties in HCM.     

定量组织速度成像技术评价心肌梗死后左室重构的左室收缩和舒张功能

目的:应用定量组织速度成像技术对心肌梗死后左室重构的左室舒张功能进行评价,以探讨其应用价值。方法:用定量组织速度成像技术检测临床确诊的2 9例心肌梗死后左室重构的冠心病患者的左室壁各节段的快速充盈期,心房收缩期的心肌运动速度VE、VA、和VE/VA比值,测定二尖瓣血流频谱快速充盈期(E) ,左房收缩充盈速度(A)和E/A值,并与对照组比较。结果:心肌梗死组几乎各节段VE、VA、VE/VA与正常组相比差异有显著性(P <0 .0 1)。舒张期功能参数平均VE/VA与二尖瓣E/A比值之间存在高度相关性(r=0 .6 2 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论:定量组织速度成像可客观定位定量的反映心肌梗死局部心肌组织的舒张功能,又能体现心肌梗死后左室重构的整体舒张功能,为心肌梗死后左室重构的心功能的评价提供了客观依据。     

综合超声技术评价原发性高血压患者亚临床血管病变

目的：综合应用超声技术对原发性高血压患者进行亚临床血管病变的研究。方法：入选研究对象73例,分为健康组（34例）和高血压组（39例）,所有入选对象超声检测升主动脉弹性（僵硬度指数β、动脉可扩张性AD、升主动脉前壁运动速度）、肱动脉血流介导的内径扩张值（FMD）以及颈动脉内中膜厚度（IMT）。结果：高血压组的升主动脉的僵硬度指数β、颈动脉IMT显著高于正常对照组（P〈0.01）,升主动脉可扩张性AD、升主动脉前壁收缩期运动速度Sao以及肱动脉FMD显著低于正常对照组（P〈0.01）。结论：高血压患者存在亚临床血管病变。超声检测血管的亚临床病变有助于对高血压患者血管损害做早期判断和评估。     

双腔心脏起搏时房室延迟对左室充盈动力学的影响

①目的　探讨双腔心脏起搏时房室延迟对左室充盈动力学的影响。②方法　对 19例患有完全性房室传导阻滞并植入永久性双腔心脏起搏器的病人 (起搏频率为 70min-1,房室延迟分别程控在 70ms,15 0ms和2 30ms) ,应用脉冲多普勒记录不同房室延迟时的二尖瓣口和主动脉的血流频谱。测量左室舒张期充盈时间、舒张早期峰值充盈速度、舒张晚期峰值充盈速度、舒张早期和舒张晚期峰值充盈速度的比值、二尖瓣舒张期血流速度时间积分和主动脉收缩期血流速度时间积分。③结果　随着房室延迟的增加 ,左室舒张期充盈时间变短 (F =2 7.9,P <0 .0 0 0 1) ,舒张早期峰值充盈速度降低 (F =4 .8,P <0 .0 5 ) ,舒张晚期峰值充盈速度增加 (F =5 .0 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,舒张早期和舒张晚期峰值充盈速度的比值减小 (F =11.1,P <0 .0 0 0 1)。舒张期二尖瓣口血流速度时间积分和收缩期左室流出道血流速度时间积分在房室延迟 15 0ms时最大 (F =8.0 ,5 .5 ,P <0 .0 1)。④结论　双腔心脏起搏时左室舒张期充盈模式随房室延迟的不同而变化 ,多普勒超声对左室充盈模式变化的评估有助于获取双腔心脏起搏的最佳的血流动力学效应。