�����Ը�Ĥ������������������

外科手术是治疗原发性腹膜后肿瘤的重要手段 ,但切除后的复发率较高 ,达 4 9%～ 88% [1] 。多数原发性腹膜后肿瘤恶性程度较低 ,对于原发性腹膜后肿瘤术后复发者仍应积极争取再手术治疗。1　原发性腹膜后肿瘤复发的原因腹膜后肿瘤大多恶性程度较低 ,多数为局部复发或种植转移 ,较少远处转移。复发的病例中以脂肪肉瘤为多见 ,国内田氏[2 ] 报告 34例中 ,脂肪肉瘤占 16例。蔡氏[3 ] 报告33例复发的肉瘤中脂肪肉瘤也为 16例 ,其次为平滑肌肉瘤、恶性纤维组织肉瘤、神经纤维肉瘤、恶性间皮瘤等。原发性腹膜后肿瘤术后复发的原因主要有 :(1)首次…     

原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后复发的多因素分析

目的探讨原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后复发的影响因素以减少复发。方法回顾分析10年手术治疗31例原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤患者的临床资料,通过随访了解术后5年复发情况,以与术后复发有关的因素为变量组单因素及多因素非条件性回归分析。结果 5年复发率为48.39%（15/31）,单因素分析及多因素分析均显示手术方式、组织学亚型、肿瘤体积和是否外侵对原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后复发均有影响（P〈0.05）。结论手术方式、组织学亚型、是否外侵和肿瘤体积与原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤患者的术后复发相关。     

原发性腹膜后肉瘤的外科治疗68例临床报告

目的探讨原发性腹膜后肉瘤的诊断与治疗。方法对2000年1月至2010年1月经手术治疗的68例原发性腹膜后肉瘤的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果原发性腹膜后肉瘤病理类型多样,本组68例中恶性纤维组织瘤9例,脂肪肉瘤33例,平滑肌肉瘤9例,未分化肉瘤7例,滑膜肉瘤4例,恶性外周神经鞘瘤6例。其中术后局部复发43例,5年存活率广泛切除为29%,局部切除的为43%。结论原发性腹膜后肉瘤的临床表现多为无症状性包块,组织学类型复杂,以脂肪肉瘤多见,预后与手术的彻底性和病理类型相关。     

Primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma reoperation of 36 cases

目的 探讨原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤再手术的原因、处理策略及手术要点.方法 对2000年6月至2010年6月间36例腹膜后脂肪肉瘤再手术的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤再手术的主要原因是手术切除不彻底和肿瘤的生物学特性.完全切除与不完全切除5年生存率分别为79.3％和34.5％.再手术后并发症以出血及肠瘘为主.结论 原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤再手术既有肿瘤本身原因,也与手术相关.再次手术治疗是治疗该病术后复发病例的积极手段.把握好手术时机、术中彻底切除是再手术成功的关键.     

原发性腹膜后肿瘤手术后复发因素分析

目的　探讨原发及复发腹膜后肿瘤手术治疗经验 ,并分析影响肿瘤术后复发的因素。方法　回顾性分析 1983～ 2 0 0 0年原发性腹膜后肿瘤 35 2例 ,并进行术后肿瘤复发的多因素回归分析。结果　手术 30 8例 ,恶性肿瘤 188例 ,良性肿瘤 12 0例。多因素分析显示 :男性、恶性肿瘤、肿瘤残留者、肿瘤与腹主动脉关系密切者易复发 ,脂肪肉瘤、平滑肌肉瘤、血管外皮细胞肉瘤是易复发的病理类型。结论　原发及复发性腹膜后肿瘤多数可行手术治疗 ,通过对影响复发诸因素分析可预测患者的预后。     

原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤的生物学行为与术后复发的关系

目的 探讨原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤的生物学行为与肿瘤术后复发的相关性.方法 回顾分析37例腹膜后脂肪肉瘤的生物学行为.结果 组织学分型、亚型转化、手术方式、周围组织器官浸润对原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后复发有影响(P<0.05).结论 低度恶性的组织学分型、肿瘤无亚型转化、完整和彻底地切除肿瘤、周围组织脏器无浸润的原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后复发率低.原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后发生亚型转化后,肿瘤的分化程度降低,恶性度升高,完整和彻底切除率降低,周围脏器的侵袭力增强.     

腹膜后脂肪肉瘤29例的诊断和治疗

探讨原发性及复发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤（PRLS）的临床病理特征、诊疗原则及预后情况。回顾性分析2015年1月—2021年12月新疆医科大学第一附属医院消化血管外科中心收治的29例腹膜后肿瘤患者的临床资料。其中,侵犯周围器官15例（51.7%）,联合器官切除16例(55.2%)。中位手术时间235 min;中位出血量300 m L。术后病理检查结果证实脂肪肉瘤诊断,术后共12例患者出现并发症：肠梗阻4例、感染性休克1例、胸腹盆腔积液6例与低钾血症1例。以上患者经积极治疗后均痊愈出院。原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤前期诊断困难,切除难度大、术后易复发。肿瘤切除范围、肿瘤分化程度是腹膜后脂肪肉瘤术后复发的重要影响因素。     

原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤16例临床分析

原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤在临床上虽不常见，但也不是很少见，因其发病部位深在，难以早期发现，即使诊断明确后行手术切除，也经常复发。我们回顾分析了我院1994—2003年收治的16例原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤病例，结合近年来的相关文献，对该病例的临床特点及治疗作初步的探讨。     

复发的原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤76例临床研究

目的 探讨复发的原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤的治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析1999年至2008年收治的76例复发的原发性腹膜后脂肪肉瘤患者临床资料.结果 74例再手术,共行126例次手术,首次复发、再次复发、三次以上复发肿瘤完全切除率分别是62.2%、26.8%、11.4%.肿瘤完全切除组1、3、5年生存率分别是84.5%、71.7%、58.2%(P<0.01),肿瘤部分切除组1、3、5年生存率分别为70.6%、39.3%、21.8%(P<0.01).结论 肿瘤切除不彻底是导致复发的主要原因.复发后再手术是首选治疗,充分做好手术前准备,提高肿瘤完全切除率,争取联合脏器切除达到完全切除是改善预后的关键.对复发的肿瘤应于适当的时机再次手术,并采取恰当的方案.     

ԭ���Ը�Ĥ�󼰳�ϵĤ֬����������ϼ��������

目的 探讨原发性腹膜后及肠系膜脂肪肉瘤的外科治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析1993～2001年收治的18例原发性腹膜后及肠系膜脂肪肉瘤病人经手术治疗27例次的临床资料。结果 脂肪肉瘤占同期经手术探查的原发性腹膜后及肠系膜实体瘤的31．6％(18／57)；临床表现主要为进行性增大的腹部包块与消化道症状：病理类型以高分化型多见(13／18)；首诊后16例获得临床根治性切除，6例复发性脂肪肉瘤病人，共接受15次手术；全组合并单侧肾切除6例，部分结肠切除4例，部分空肠切除和胃大部切除各1例；肠系膜脂肪肉瘤手术多采用完整切除术(8／10)。结论 手术切除是目前唯一有效的治疗方法，必要时可行联合脏器切除术，但不应强求根治；为改善生存质量、延长生存期，对多发肿瘤不能完整切除者应积极实施姑息性减瘤术，多次复发者有条件可多次手术；采用完整切除术、尽量避免肠切除治疗对多发性及复发性肠系膜脂肪肉瘤具有重要临床价值。     

Diferencias entre cirugía en bloque y enucleación en el tratamiento del sarcoma retroperitoneal

Aim

Today, free margin surgery is the gold-standard management for soft-tissue sarcoma patients and one of the most important predictors of recurrence and survival. To obtain optimal results, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution of patients with RPS treated by «en bloc«surgical resection versus those treated with enucleation in the first surgery.

Methods

Fifty-six adult patients were divided into 2 groups. Patients in Group A underwent enucleation surgery, and patients in Group B underwent en bloc surgery. The endpoints of the study were survival time and time to recurrence, according to histological type and first surgical strategy.

Results

Disease-free survival was longer for en bloc surgery (P<0,05), but there was no difference in overall survival. When comparing the histology of patients who underwent enucleation surgery and en bloc resection surgery, the disease-free survival and overall survival rates were longer for liposarcoma. In the multivariate analysis, only free margins and histology of liposarcoma were significantly associated with a better survival.

Conclusions

The surgical management of patients with retroperitoneal sarcoma must be very aggressive, often requiring multivisceral resection. Considering the disease-free survival and overall survival rates obtained, it is clear that it is critical to manage patients as early as possible by a radical en bloc surgery.     

山东省胃肠间质瘤多中心回顾性调查

目的探讨山东省胃肠间质瘤（GIST）手术患者的临床病理学特征、预后及其影响因素。方法回顾性收集2001年1月至2013年6月山东省4家大学的教学医院GIST手术患者的临床病理学资料,对所有病例进行病理学复核及随访,对其预后影响因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果共收集1039例GIST病例,其中男509例,女530例,年龄18。87（中位数58）岁。术后随访时间1—150（中位数34）月,期间93例因肿瘤进展死亡,1、3、5年生存率分别为94．6％、91．7％和87．8％。R0手术患者5年总体生存率高于R1手术患者（88．8％比69．0％,P〈0．叭）。中度复发风险患者术后是否服用伊马替尼,其5年总体生存率的差异无统计学意义（94．4％比89．2％,P〉0．05）;高复发风险患者术后服用伊马替尼,其5年总体生存率明显高于未服药者（76．8％比67．7％,P〈0．05）。预后因素分析结果显示,肿瘤大小（P〈0．01,RR=1．988,95％CI：1．497—2．641）、核分裂象（P〈0．01,RR=2．326,95％CI：1．686—3．208）和肿瘤是否破裂（P〈0．01,RR=3．032,95％CI：1．732～5．308）是GIST手术患者的独立预后因素。结论肿瘤大小、核分裂象和肿瘤是否破裂是GIST术后患者预后的独立影响因素;Ro手术是原发局限性GIST首选治疗方式;伊马替尼可改善术后高复发风险患者的预后。     

ʮ��ָ��������Ԥ������Ļع��Է���

??Prognosis of duodenal stromal tumor: A multi-institutional retrospective analysis HU Yu-long*, LI Le-ping, DAI Yong, et al.*Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
Corresponding author: ZHOU Yan-bing, E-mail:zhouyanbing999@aliyun.com
Abstract Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with duodenal stromal tumor after surgery Methods The clinicopathological data of duodenal stromal tumor patients underwent different surgical procedure from July 2003 to November 2014 in 23 grade A tertiary hospitals in Shandong province were reviewed retrospectively. Pathology results were rechecked. Patients were followed up. The prognostic factors were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis with Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard model. Results A total of 203 duodenal stromal tumor cases were enrolled. There were 101 males and 102 females. The median age was 55 years old. The 1-, 3-,5- and 10-year actuarial survival was 95.0%, 88.0%, 82.0% and 82.0% respectively. The 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year actuarial recurrence-free survival was 93.0%, 87.0%, 81.0% and 75.0% respectively. For patients with high risk of recurrence after surgery, the 5-year overall survival rate was significantly higher than those without medication (89% vs. 62%, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size (P<0.05, RR=5.510??95%CI 1.170-5.719??,mitotic count (P<0.05, RR=6.849,95%CI 1.264-5.124) and the tumor rupture (P<0.05, RR=7.349??95%CI 1.608-18.196) were independent prognostic factors. Conclusion Tumor size, mitotic count and the tumor rupture affect prognosis of patients after resection of primary duodenal stromal tumor independently. Surgical methods were not associated with 5-year overall survival. Adjuvant imatinib therapy can improve overall survival of patients with high risk of recurrence after surgery.     

Histologic subtype and margin of resection predict pattern of recurrence and survival for retroperitoneal liposarcoma

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of recurrence and prognostic significance of histologic subtype in a large series of patients with primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Classification of liposarcoma into subtypes, based on morphologic features and cytogenetic aberrations, is now widely accepted. Previous studies have shown that high histologic grade and incomplete gross resection are the most important prognostic factors for survival in patients with retroperitoneal sarcoma and suggest that patients with liposarcoma have a 3-fold higher risk of local recurrence compared with other histologies. METHODS: A prospective database was used to identify 177 patients with primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma treated between July 1982 and June 2002. Histology at primary presentation was reviewed by a sarcoma pathologist and subtyped into 4 distinct groups according to strict criteria. The influence of clinicopathological factors on local recurrence, distant recurrence, and disease-specific survival was analyzed. RESULTS: Of 177 patients with primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma operated on for curative intent, 99 (56%) presented with well-differentiated, 65 (37%) with dedifferentiated, 9 (5%) with myxoid, and 4 (2%) with round cell morphology. The tumor burden was determined by the sum of the maximum tumor diameters. The median tumor burden was 26 cm (5-139). Median follow-up time for 92 (52%) surviving patients was 37 (mean, 0.5-192) months. Multivariate analysis showed that dedifferentiated liposarcoma subtype was associated with a 6-fold increased risk of death compared with well-differentiated histology (P < 0.0001). In addition to histologic subtype, incomplete resection (P < 0.0001), contiguous organ resection (excluding nephrectomy; P = 0.05), and age (P = 0.03) were important independent prognostic factors for survival in retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Retroperitoneal dedifferentiated liposarcoma was associated with an 83% local recurrence rate and 30% distant recurrence rate at 3 years. CONCLUSIONS: The histologic subtype and margin of resection are prognostic for survival in primary retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Dedifferentiated histologic subtype and the need for contiguous organ resection (excluding nephrectomy) was associated with an increase risk of local and distant recurrence. Nephrectomy may be needed to achieve complete resection, but has no measurable influence on disease specific survival.     

肾癌区域淋巴结转移的临床分析

目的 了解肾癌区域淋巴结转移的临床特点及发生发展规律,提高对本病的诊治效果.方法 回顾性分析2004年1月至2008年12月19例肾癌伴有区域淋巴结转移患者的资料.男15例,女4例.年龄29～77岁,中位年龄57岁.肿瘤位于左肾12例,右肾7例.腹膜后肿大淋巴结最大径1.5～5.0 cm,中位数2.8 cm,其中4例影像学检查未发现肿大淋巴结,术中探查证实.行腹膜后肿大淋巴结切除11例,区域淋巴结清扫8例.结果 肾癌发生区域淋巴结转移占同期收治肾癌的1.6%(19/1213).术后19例均获随访,随访时间8～78个月,中位数34个月.无瘤生存6例,带瘤生存7例,死亡6例,5年生存率68.4%.腹膜后区域淋巴结清扫组与肿大淋巴结切除组生存期及术后复发转移率比较差异均无统计学意义(P=0.644;P=0.319).结论 肾癌发生单纯区域淋巴结转移少见,术前影像学可能漏诊,部分患者通过区域淋巴结清扫或肿大淋巴结切除可获得无瘤生存.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss the characteristics of renal cell carcinoma with regional lymph node metastasis at diagnosis. Methods The data of 19 patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma with regional lymph node metastases at diagnosis from January 2004 to December 2008 were reviewed.The median age was 57 years (29-77).The study group included 15 males and four females.The primary tumor was located in the left kidney in 12 patients and fight in seven patients.The median maximam diameter of retroperitoneal lymph nodes was 2.8 cm(1.5-5.0).The lymph nodes in four patients were not detected by the preoperative image examination,but were confirmed by intraoperative exploration.Eleven cases had enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes resected and eight had regional lymph nodes dissected. Results The patients with regional lymph node metastases at diagnosis of renal celI carcinoma accounted for 1.6% (19/1213) of the total renal cell carcinoma cases.With a median follow-up of 34 months,six patients were survival without progression,and seven were survival with progression.giving a 5-year survival rate of 68.4%.The survival and recurrence rates after surgery were not significantly different by Fisher test(P=0.644 and 0.319 respectively) between the patients who underwent retroperitoneal regional lymph node dissection and those who underwent enlarged lymph node resection. Condmiom Renal cell carcinoma with regional lymph node metastasis at diagnosis is uncommon.Some patients may achieve long-term tumor-free survival through regional lymph node dissection or enlarged Iymph nodes resection.     

Management of high-grade retroperitoneal liposarcomas: personal experience

Sarcomas are uncommon malignant tumors arising from mesenchymal tissue, accounting for approximately 10% of soft-tissue sarcomas and less than 1% of all malignant neoplasms. The most frequent subtypes of retroperitoneal sarcomas are liposarcoma. Total surgical extirpation appears the only chance for patient cure since medical therapies have shown little efficacy. We have analyzed our series of 32 retroperitoneal liposarcoma that undergone surgical resection and with at least 5 years of follow-up. We have included 21 patients who underwent a complete resection (R0) and 6 patients who underwent an incomplete resection (R1). However, the operation's goal was a complete tumor resection with tumor-free resection margins. The 5-year survival was 85.7% when we performed a R0 resection, while it was 33.3% when we performed a R1 resection with a significant statistical difference (p = 0.02). Surgery is the gold standard for treatment of liposarcoma. Despite advances in diagnostic modalities, surgical techniques and the adoption of more aggressive procedure, such disease still has a propensity for local recurrence, even after an apparent complete resection. Therefore, locoregional recurrence remains the main cause of death in patients with a retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Moreover when the tumor recurs locally, the treatment of choice is to remove the recurrence. Our experience shows that a complete resection of primary lesions and further resection of recurrences early detected with CT examination could improve the overall survival of patients with retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Moreover in our series, the patients who undergo R1 resection had a worse prognosis.     

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: resectability, recurrence pattern, and outcomes

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHC) is a rare primary hepatic tumor of bile duct origin for which resection is the most effective treatment. But resectability, outcomes after resection, and recurrence patterns have not been well described. Patients with IHC were identified from a prospective database. Demographic data, tumor characteristics, and outcomes were analyzed. From March 1992 to September 2000, 53 patients with hepatic tumors underwent exploration and were found to have pure IHC on pathologic analysis. Patients with mixed hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma tumors were excluded. At exploration, 20 patients were unresectable for an overall resectability rate of 62% (33 of 53). Median survival for patients submitted to resection was 37.4 months versus 11.6 months for patients undergoing biopsy only (p = 0.006; median followup for surviving patients, 15.6 months). Actuarial 3-year survival was 55% versus 21%, respectively. Factors predictive of poor survival after resection included vascular invasion (p = 0.0007), histologically positive margin (p = 0.009), or multiple tumors (p = 0.003). After resection, 20 of 33 patients (61%) recurred at a median of 12.4 months. Sites of recurrence included the liver (14), retroperitoneal or hilar nodes (4), lung (4), and bone (2). The median disease-free survival was 19.4 months, with a 3-year disease-free survival rate of 22%. Factors predictive of recurrence were multiple tumors (p = 0.0002), tumor size (p = 0.001), and vascular invasion (p = 0.01). About two-thirds of patients who appeared resectable on preoperative imaging were amenable to curative resection at the time of operation. Although complete resection improved survival, recurrence was common. The majority of recurrences were local or regional, which may help guide future adjuvant therapy strategies.     

十二指肠间质瘤预后多中心回顾性分析

目的 探讨十二指肠间质瘤手术病人的临床病理学特征、预后及其影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2003年7月至2014年11月山东省23家三级甲等医院十二指肠间质瘤手术病人的临床病理学资料,对所有病例进行病理学复核及随访,对其预后因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果 共收集203例十二指肠间质瘤病例,男101例,女102例。中位年龄55岁。术后1、3、5和10年总体存活率分别为95.0%、88.0%、82.0%和82.0%,术后1、3、5和10年无复发存活率分别为93.0%、87.0%、81.0%和75.0%。高复发风险病人术后服用伊马替尼,其5年总体存活率明显高于未服药者（89% vs. 62%,P＜0.05）。预后因素分析结果显示,肿瘤直径（RR=5.510,95%CI 1.170～5.719,P＜0.05）、核分裂像（RR=6.849,95%CI 1.264～5.124,P＜0.05）和肿瘤是否破裂（RR=7.349,95%CI 1.608～18.196,P＜0.05）是十二指肠间质瘤病人的独立预后因素。结论 肿瘤直径、核分裂像和肿瘤是否破裂是十二指肠间质瘤术后病人预后的独立影响因素;不同手术方式5年总体存活率无明显差异,伊马替尼可改善术后高复发风险病人的预后。     

Long-term results of aggressive surgical treatment of primary and recurrent retroperitoneal liposarcomas

The aim of this study was to establish the role of surgery in the treatment of retroperitoneal liposarcomas. Data concerning 28 patients submitted to surgery for retroperitoneal liposarcoma in our department over the period from 1972 to 1999 were reviewed retrospectively and analysed. Seventy-four operations were performed; in 54% of the operations it was necessary to resect contiguous organs (kidney 60%, colon 50%, adrenal gland 35%). In 89%, grossly curative resection was achieved at the first operation; 20 patients had at least one local recurrence after first operation (median time interval: 22 months). The mean follow-up was 80 months; median survival time was 51 months and 5-year actuarial survival time 51%. Patients with low-grade liposarcoma showed a statistically significant improvement (P < 0.001) in median survival (153 months) versus those with medium- (37 months) and high-grade sarcomas (8 months). At present surgery is still the treatment of choice in the treatment of primary and recurrent liposarcoma; in the case of low-grade liposarcomas especially, an aggressive surgical approach can result in long-term survival.     

Surgical management of primary and recurrent retroperitoneal liposarcoma

BACKGROUND: Surgery plays a dominant role in the initial and subsequent treatment of retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPLS). This study was a review of outcomes of patients treated at the Royal Marsden Hospital. METHODS: Records of all patients who had surgery for RPLS since 1990 were reviewed, with particular attention to local recurrence and disease-specific survival. Patients with primary RPLS and those with recurrent RPLS, who had palliative surgery after a variable number of operations performed elsewhere, were considered separately. RESULTS: Seventy-two patients had surgery for primary RPLS, over half of whom underwent resection of a contiguous organ to achieve clearance. Follow-up of at least 12 months was available for 58 patients. Thirty-four patients had no evidence of recurrence after median follow-up of 26 (range 12-151) months. Low-grade tumour and macroscopic clearance of tumour were significantly associated with a reduced risk of local recurrence and improved survival. Forty-seven patients had palliative surgery for recurrent RPLS. Median survival from time of last operation to death was 27 (range 0-79) months. Follow-up was to a median of 68 (range 14-261) months. CONCLUSION: Patients with low-grade RPLS that has been completely resected at the initial operation have the most favourable prognosis. Palliative resection is worthwhile to treat troublesome symptoms of recurrence.