腹主动脉球囊预置术与髂内动脉球囊预置术在凶险型前置胎盘伴胎盘植入剖宫产术中的应用价值

目的:评价和比较腹主动脉球囊预置术与髂内动脉球囊预置术在凶险型前置胎盘(PPP)伴胎盘植入剖宫产术中的临床应用价值。方法:选择2016年8月-2018年8月在佳木斯妇幼保健院产科因PPP伴胎盘植入住院分娩产妇98例作为研究对象,根据剖宫产术中介入术式不同将其分为腹主动脉球囊预置术组(腹主动脉组)和髂内动脉球囊预置术组(髂内动脉组),每组46例。观察比较两组产妇围手术期临床指标[手术时间、入住重症监护室(ICU)时间、术中出血量、术中输血量及手术前后血红蛋白(Hb)差异]、子宫切除情况及并发症发生情况[产后发热、穿刺部位出血、切口感染、失血性休克(HS)、弥漫性血管内凝血(DIC)]、新生儿情况(出生体重、窒息发生率及出生后5、10 min的Apgar评分)、球囊预置术相关指标(球囊预置时间、胎儿透视时间、曝光时间及辐射剂量)。结果:腹主动脉组手术时间与入住ICU时间均短于髂内动脉组,术中出血量与术中输血量均少于髂内动脉组,手术前后Hb差异低于髂内动脉组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组子宫切除、产后发热、穿刺部位出血、切口感染、HS和DIC发生情况比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组新生儿出生体重、窒息发生率(均为轻度窒息)及出生后5、10 min的Apgar评分方面比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。腹主动脉组球囊预置时间、曝光时间、胎儿透视时间均短于髂内动脉组,辐射剂量低于髂内动脉组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论:腹主动脉球囊预置术在缩短手术时间、减少术中出血量与输血量方面均优于髂内动脉球囊预置术,还能显著提高止血效果,两种手术的子宫切除率、并发症发生率差异性不大,且对新生儿无不良影响。因此,在PPP伴胎盘植入治疗时,腹主动脉球囊预置术较髂内动脉球囊预置术具有更加出色的应用优势及应用价值。     

双侧髂内动脉球囊封堵技术在凶险型前置胎盘孕妇剖宫产中的应用

目的评估双侧髂内动脉球囊封堵技术在凶险型前置胎盘孕妇剖宫产中的应用效果。方法回顾性分析74例凶险型前置胎盘产妇的临床资料,其中56例合并胎盘植入(植入组),18例未见胎盘植入(未植入组),并进行对比分析。结果植入组的术中出血量、产后24 h出血量、术后住院时间和产后出血例数显著高于未植入组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组均无产妇子宫切除。早产在植入组与未植入组的发生率分别为83.9%、88.9%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.894)。结论双侧髂内动球囊封堵技术能有效减少凶险型前置胎盘剖宫产术的术中出血、输血量和子宫切除率。对于合并胎盘植入的患者,预置球囊后仍有出血风险,必要时联合子宫动脉栓塞术。     

腹主动脉球囊预置术联合宫颈多重缝扎术预防凶险性前置胎盘产科大出血的研究

目的:探讨腹主动脉球囊预置术联合宫颈多重缝扎术预防凶险性前置胎盘产科大出血的效果。方法:选取本院2018年1月-2019年3月凶险性前置胎盘患者83例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为腹主动脉组(n=41)与髂内动脉组(n=42)。腹主动脉组采用腹主动脉球囊预置术,髂内动脉采用髂内动脉球囊预置术,两组剖宫产术后均行宫颈多重缝扎术。比较两组手术相关指标、并发症发生情况、子宫切除率及安全性指标。结果:腹主动脉组球囊预置术时间短于髂内动脉组,且术中失血量明显少于髂内动脉组(P0.05)。两组动脉阻滞时间、术后24 h失血量与剖宫产手术时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组子宫切除率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组均无并发症发生。腹主动脉组产妇与胎儿透视时间均短于髂内动脉组,且腹主动脉组产妇与胎儿辐射剂量均低于髂内动脉组(P0.05)。结论:腹主动脉球囊预置术联合宫颈多重缝扎术可更好地预防凶险性前置胎盘产科大出血,减少术中出血量,缩短球囊预置术与产妇和胎儿透视时间,降低产妇和胎儿辐射剂量,值得临床推广应用。     

腹主动脉球囊预置术对凶险性前置胎盘患者剖宫产术中X射线透视时间及出血情况的影响分析

目的探讨腹主动脉球囊预置术对凶险性前置胎盘患者剖宫产术中X射线透视时间及出血情况的影响。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年9月在新乡市中心医院分娩的62例凶险性前置胎盘产妇资料。其中,32例剖宫产术前行髂内动脉球囊预置术的患者作为A组,30例剖宫产术前行腹主动脉球囊预置术的患者作为B组。比较两组球囊预置时间、透视时间、放射剂量和剖宫产手术时间、术中出血量及术后体温。结果 B组球囊预置时间、透视时间短于A组,而放射剂量少于A组(P0.05)。两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后体温比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论双侧髂动脉球囊预置术和腹主动脉球囊预置术均能减少凶险性前置胎盘患者剖宫产术中出血量,但腹主动脉球囊预置术能够显著减少X射线透视时间和放射剂量,其在母胎保护方面效果更为理想。     

髂内动脉球囊阻断术在凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入患者剖宫产术中运用效果及安全性

目的分析髂内动脉球囊阻断术在凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入患者剖宫产术中运用效果及安全性。方法选择2015年6月‐2017年6月收治的凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入患者共62例,依据患者意愿将患者分为对照组30例和观察组32例。对照组为剖宫产手术,观察组在剖宫产术中采用双侧髂内动脉球囊阻断术,其中子宫全切术患者共26例,依据是否进行髂内动脉球囊阻断术分为全切对照组12例及球囊组14例。观察两组术中出血量、输入红细胞(RBC)量、手术及住院时间、子宫切除率及新生儿窒息率,对比两个亚组术中出血量、输入RBC量、手术及住院时间。结果观察组术中出血量、输入RBC量及子宫切除率较对照组明显减少(P 0.05),两组患者手术时间、住院时间及新生儿窒息率对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两亚组术中出血量、输入RBC量、手术时间及住院时间对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入患者剖宫产术中进行髂内动脉球囊阻断术可有效减低术中出血量和子宫切除率。     

预置球囊导管在凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入剖宫产术中的护理效果观察

目的:观察预置球囊导管在凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入剖宫产术中的护理效果.方法:随机选取该院2015年12月至2016年12月收治的96例凶险性前置胎盘患者,将所有患者按照随机均分原则分为实验组以及对照组,实验组48例患者在进行胎盘植入剖宫产手术前双侧髂内动脉预置球囊导管以及系统化临床护理;对照组48例患者采用常规剖宫产术,因合并胎盘植入者而于术毕加行左右髂内动脉球囊封堵及双侧子宫动脉栓塞术以及常规护理,比较两组患者术中出血量、术后出血量、手术时间以及卧床时间等相关手术情况和两组患者出现球囊导管移位、滑脱、破裂等情况的机率.结果:实验组患者术中出血量、术后出血量、手术时间以及卧床时间均明显低于对照组.实验组在治疗过程中有1例患者出现导管移位,有2例患者出现滑脱.对照组有3例患者出现导管移位,有4例患者出现滑脱,有3例患者还出现破裂.结论:对凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入的患者行剖宫产手术治疗前,预置球囊导管,可以有效减少术中出血,降低子宫切除的风险,对防止产妇出现出血性休克、弥漫性血管内凝血等情况的发生,提高手术成功率具有极其重要的临床价值.     

凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入剖宫产术中 应用髂内动脉球囊阻断术效果分析

目的探讨髂内动脉球囊阻断术在凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入病人行剖宫产中应用的意义。方法随机选取行剖宫产的凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入病人82例,根据其时在术中是否应用髂内动脉球囊阻断术,将其分为观察组（52例）和对照组（30例）,对比2组产妇分娩过程中出血量、输注红细胞量、手术时长、新生儿窒息率以及子宫切除率和住院时长等指标水平。结果与对照组比较,观察组病人失血量和输注红细胞量少（P < 0.01）,术后住院时间和手术时间短（P < 0.01和P < 0.05）,剖宫产子宫切除率低（P < 0.05）,而凝血障碍率和电解质紊乱率高（P < 0.05）;但2组病人低血压、感染、新生儿窒息等情况发生率差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论在凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入行剖宫产分娩手术时,应用髂内球囊阻断术能够有效降低子宫切除率,减少术中出血量,有利于术后产妇的康复。     

双侧髂内动脉球囊预置术在凶险性前置胎盘合并胎盘植入治疗中的应用

目的探讨双侧髂内动脉球囊预置术在凶险性前置胎盘合并胎盘植入治疗中的应用价值。方法对2例术前均经彩色超声检查或MRI检查明确诊断为凶险性前置胎盘合并胎盘植入的患者,在剖宫产术前行双侧髂内动脉球囊预置术,术中在进入子宫、娩出胎儿的同时,临时阻断双侧髂内动脉血流,观察出血及新生儿情况,术后4h拔除双侧髂内静脉球囊导管,术后24h拔除动脉鞘管,关注术后并发症情况。结果2例双侧髂内动脉阻断时间分别为15、22min,术中出血量分别为600、1000ml。术后恢复均良好,均未发生并发症。结论双侧髂内动脉球囊预置术治疗凶险性前置胎盘合并胎盘植入,对挽救产妇生命、保留子宫、减少产后出血有着重要意义,值得在临床推广应用。     

髂内动脉球囊阻断术在伴有胎盘植入的凶险性前置胎盘患者剖宫产手术中的应用效果

目的观察髂内动脉球囊阻断术在伴有胎盘植入的凶险性前置胎盘患者剖宫产手术中的应用效果。方法选取2012年2月至2016年9月郑州圣玛妇产医院妇产科收治的62例患者,按照随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,各31例。对照组接受常规剖宫产手术,观察组在对照组基础上接受髂内动脉球囊阻断术。比较两组患者术中出血量、红细胞输入量、手术时间、住院时间、子宫切除率及新生儿窒息发生率。结果观察组患者术中出血量、红细胞输入量少于对照组,手术时间和住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者子宫切除率、新生儿窒息发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对伴有胎盘植入的凶险性前置胎盘患者剖宫产手术中实施髂内动脉球囊阻断术,能够减少出血量和红细胞输入量,缩短手术时间和住院时间,加快产后康复。     

术前预防性应用双侧髂内动脉球囊封堵术对凶险性前置胎盘孕妇剖宫产术中出血的影响

目的 研究术前预防性应用双侧髂内动脉球囊封堵术对凶险性前置胎盘孕妇剖宫产术中出血的影响.方法 回顾性分析宝鸡市妇幼保健院2000年4月至2015年4月86例凶险性前置胎盘孕妇的临床资料,其中46例患者术前应用了双侧髂内动脉球囊封堵术设为介入组,另外40例患者在术前未应用双侧髂内动脉球囊封堵术设为对照组,比较两组患者术中的出血量,子宫切除率以及术后的并发症等.结果 两组术中使用球囊填塞,胎盘植入率,子宫切除率和产后出血率的差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05),对照组患者术中平均出血率显著高于介入组(t=-26.534,P<0.01).两组患者的新生儿体质量和发生窒息的例数比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 凶险性前置胎盘孕妇剖宫产术前预防性应用双侧髂内动脉球囊封堵术,可以降低孕妇在手术中的出血量,降低子宫切除率,减少术后并发症.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.