完善机制提高能力 促进医学救援科学发展

近年来,在应对频繁出现的自然灾害、事故灾难、突发公共卫生事件和社会安全事件（简称突发事件）中,我国卫生应急管理理念、体制、机制、法制及预案建设取得长足进步,医学救援能力和管理水平明显提升。卫生应急为确保2008年北京奥运会热烈、精彩、成功举办,有效开展四川汶川特大地震和南方重大冰雪灾害的医学救援,深化医药卫生体制改革,促进卫生事业科学发展,实现全民携手,共建和谐社会的发展目标做出了积极的贡献。     

《中国灾害救援医学》

《中国灾害救援医学》是荣获2013年度国家出版基金资助项目的一部系统介绍现代灾害救援医学理论、组织管理和专业技术的大型科学著作。金书依照国家规定,将所有的灾害统列为自然灾害、事故灾难、突发公共卫生事件和社会安全事件四大类进行科学阐述。大量引用了我国在医学救援领域,尤其近十几年来医学救援的丰富实践经验,包括从急救组织到现场处理,从伤员转运到医院救治的全过程。     

《中国灾害救援医学》

《中国灾害救援医学》是荣获2013年度国家出版基金资助项目的一部系统介绍现代灾害救援医学理论、组织管理和专业技术的大型科学著作。全书依照国家规定,将所有的灾害统列为自然灾害、事故灾难、突发公共卫生事件和社会安全事件四大类进行科学阐述。大量引用了我国在医学救援领域,尤其近十几年来医学救援的丰富实践经验,包括从急救组织到现场处理,从伤员转运到医院救治的全过程。     

《中国灾害救援医学》

《中国灾害救援医学》是荣获2013年度国家出版基金资助项目的一部系统介绍现代灾害救援医学理论、组织管理和专业技术的大型科学著作。全书依照国家规定,将所有的灾害统列为自然灾害、事故灾难、突发公共卫生事件和社会安全事件四大类进行科学阐述。大量引用了我国在医学救援领域,尤其近十几年来医学救援的丰富实践经验,包括从急救组织到现场处理,从伤员转运到医院救治的全过程。全书从医学救援的原则到医学处理的细则,从理论到实践,从国内到国外都有详细的介绍。     

《中国灾害救援医学》

《中国灾害救援医学》是荣获2013年度国家出版基金资助项目的一部系统介绍现代灾害救援医学理论、组织管理和专业技术的大型科学著作。全书依照国家规定，将所有的灾害统列为自然灾害、事故灾难、突发公共卫生事件和社会安全事件四大类进行科学阐述。大量引用了我国在医学救援领域，尤其近十几年来医学救援的丰富实践经验，包括从急救组织到现场处理，从伤员转运到医院救治的全过程。全书从医学救援的原则到医学处理的细则，从理论到实践，从国内到国外都有详细的介绍。     

《中国灾害救援医学》出版

《中国灾害救援医学》是荣获2013年度国家出版基金资助项目的一部系统介绍现代灾害救援医学理论、组织管理和专业技术的大型专业著作。全书依照国家规定,将所有的灾害统列为自然灾害、事故灾难、突发公共卫生事件和社会安全事件四大类进行科学阐述。大量引用了我国在医学救援领域,     

《中国灾害救援医学》即将出版

《中国灾害救援医学》是荣获2013年度国家出版基金资助项目的一部系统介绍现代灾害救援医学理论、组织管理和专业技术的大型专业著作。全书依照国家规定,将所有的灾害统列为自然灾害、事故灾难、突发公共卫生事件和社会安全事件四大类进行科学阐述。大量引用了我国在医学救援领域,尤其近十年来医学救援队的丰富实践经验,包括从急救组织到现场处理,从伤员转运到医院救治的全过程。全书从医学救援的原则到医学处理的细则,从实践到理论,从国内到国外都有详细的介绍。资料翔实,内容丰富,紧密结合我国的实际,科学性、指导性及可操作性强,集中反映了当代灾害救援医学发展的新趋势,对未来我国面对各类灾害的救援处置和分类管理具有很强的现实、指导意义。     

《中国灾害救援医学》即将出版

《中国灾害救援医学》是荣获2013年度国家出版基金资助项目的一部系统介绍现代灾害救援医学理论、组织管理和专业技术的大型专业著作。全书依照国家规定,将所有的灾害统列为自然灾害、事故灾难、突发公共卫生事件和社会安全事件四大类进行科学阐述。大量引用了我国在医学救援领域,尤其近十年来医学救援队的丰富实践经验,包括从急救组织到现场处理,从伤员转运到医院救治的全过程。全书从医学救援的原则到医学处理的细则,从实践到理论,从国内到国外都有详细的介绍。资料翔实,内容丰富,紧密结合我国的实际,科学性、指导性及可操作性强,集中反映了当代灾害救援医学发展的新趋势,对未来我国面对各类灾害的救援处置和分类管理具有很强的现实、指导意义。     

美国护士参与救援工作现状及对我国护理救援工作的启示

突发事件是指突然发生的，造成或可能造成严重社会危害，需要采取应急处置措施的各种自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生事件和社会安全事件。近年来，我国发生了多起重大突发事件，对国家和政府的应急工作带来巨大挑战。医务人员在协助政府应急处理方面起着举足轻重的地位。随着突发事件越来越多，占医务人员一半以上的护士在救援工作中将承担着愈来愈重要的角色。本文就美国护士参与急救救援的状况和我国护理人员参与救援工作的启示作一探讨。     

国内外直升机应急医学救援的回顾与展望

应急医学救援是指由灾害或突发公共事件引发的批量伤病员,按时效救治理论、原则,组织并实施医疗救治的活动。直升机应急医学救援,主要任务是在医院外环境中发生意外灾害、各种危重急症或突发事件,地面应急医学救援力量无法到达或途中耗时较长时,用直升机将救援力量、药品器材等快速运送至现场,对个体或群体实施及时有效地救援,或在医疗监护条件下,将伤病员运至后方医院,接受进一步全面的救治。     

Dermatology in private practice in France in 2000

OBJECTIVES: Data regarding French dermatological practice are scarce. Our objective was to identify the skin disorders most commonly diagnosed by office-based dermatologists. We also documented the severity of these skin disorders, as reflected by the repercussions on patient's everyday life, and the way physicians managed patients. DESIGN: We carried out a one-day survey of visits to a randomly selected sample of 900 French office-based dermatologists. The randomization was stratified according to the five French different dialing area codes. RESULTS: Office-based dermatologists saw 6411 patients with 7839 skin disorders during the survey. The daily number of visits to French dermatologists was estimated at 47 000 and the annual number between 12 and 14 millions. Office-based dermatologists mostly managed warts, acne, nevus, dermatitis, malignancies and pre-malignancies, fungal infection and psoriasis. Repercussions on patients'everyday life were assessed by physicians as important or very important in 28 p. 100 of cases. Half of the patients received topical treatment, 20.5 p. 100 a systemic drug and 40 p. 100 a minor surgical procedure (including cryotherapy). CONCLUSION: Although dermatologists frequently see benign skin disorders such as warts or nevus, more severe diseases represent an important part of their activity.     

Pentoxifylline in reactions in leprosy

A study was conducted to assess the response of reactions in leprosy to pentoxifylline therapy. Ten cases were studied; 8 cases had type 2 reaction and 2 cases had type 1 reaction. Pentoxifylline was given orally 400 mg three times daily. In patients with type 2 reaction, good response was observed within one week. There was near complete regression of ENL lesions within one month. Cases with type 1 reaction did not respond to pentoxifylline.     

Leukocyte migration in vivo and in vitro in patients with psoriasis

Leukocyte migration in vivo was studied with a skin chamber technique in 21 patients with active psoriasis vulgaris and 18 with cleared psoriasis vulgaris. Measuring over 24 h, no difference was found between healthy volunteers and most patients with active psoriasis, although a subgroup of patients with long-lasting relapses showed subnormal migration values. In patients with cleared psoriasis on the other hand the in vivo leukocyte migration values were increased. In addition, leukocyte migration in vitro under agarose was studied, but no difference was found between healthy controls and patients with psoriasis, active or cleared.     

Decrease in neutrophils observed in vivo in psoriatics after PUVA therapy

Summary In 56 patients leucocyte and differential counts were done before and at weekly intervals during PUVA treatment of chronic recalcitrant psoriasis. A statistical significant (P<0.01) decrease in the percentage of neutrophils was observed during the first week of the PUVA therapy. This observation could be closely related to the clinical clearing of psoriasis (P=0.02).The effect of PUVA therapy in psoriasis may be due to a decrease in the number of immunocompetent neutrophils demonstrated in psoriatic lesions.     

Changes in sodium-potassium ratio in guinea pig epidermis in n-hexadecane-induced hyperplasia

A transient epidermal hyperplasia was induced in guinea pig epidermis by a single application of n-hexadecane. The epidermal response was analysed by light microscopy and by energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX). The epidermal hyperplasia reached a maximum between 96 and 192 h after the application. The hyperplastic response was associated with a depressed sodium-potassium ratio (increased potassium, decreased sodium) in the keratinocytes at 96 h, beginning already at 48 h. At 24 h there were no major differences in elemental content, compared the controls. The result of the present study is consistent with the hypothesis that alterations in the functional state of the epidermal keratinocytes are associated with changes in the sodium-potassium ratio in the cells. The absence of major elemental changes at 24 h indicates that the initiation of the hyperplastic response occurred prior to this time point.