伴黏膜受累的成人线状IgA大疱性皮病1例并文献回顾

患者女,35岁,躯干、四肢红斑、瘙痒半月,加重伴水疱3 d。皮损组织病理示:表皮下水疱,疱液见中性粒细胞,真皮中浅层血管内及周围见中性粒细胞浸润;直接免疫荧光见IgA、IgG基底膜带线状沉积;根据临床表现、组织病理学、免疫荧光诊断为成人线状IgA大疱性皮病。线状IgA大疱性皮病为少见的自身免疫性表皮下大疱病,成人临床表现多样化,易出现误诊。     

误诊为线状IgA大疱性皮病的系统性红斑狼疮

报告1例误诊为线状IgA大疱性皮病的系统性红斑狼疮(SLE).患者女.24岁,颈部、肩部环形分布水疱2个月,皮损组织病理表现为表皮下疱.真皮乳头及中层血管、毛囊周围以中性粒细胞为主的炎性浸润,直接免疫荧光检查见基膜带IgA(+)、IgG(+)线状沉积,初步诊断为线状IgA大疱性皮病.但此后实验室检查发现该患者外周血白细胞计数低、贫血、低蛋白血症、肝功能轻度异常,遂做相关检查,最后确诊为SLE.     

儿童型线状IgA大疱性皮病一例

患儿女,7岁,主因全身起水疱伴剧痒1月余入院。皮科情况：全身见较多红色斑片、丘疹、丘疱疹及水疱,部分水疱呈腊肠样,水疱主要分布于红斑边缘。水疱破后形成糜烂伴结痂。以面、臀及股内侧较密集,部分表面可见浆痂。病理：表皮下水疱,疱内可见散在嗜中性粒细胞,疱底及疱两侧表皮可见大量嗜中性粒细胞,偶见嗜酸性粒细胞。免疫荧光检查：DIF：IgA 弱阳性,IgG 阳性,IIF：IgA 阴性。诊断：儿童型线状IgA大疱性皮病。治疗：氨苯砜,100mg/天,10余天后基本痊愈,至今40余天,皮疹无复发。讨论：线状IgA大疱性皮病(LABD)由Chorzelski ( 1979)首先命名。本例患儿发病早、具特征性皮损,HE病理：表皮下水疱,疱内可见散在嗜中性粒细胞,疱底及疱两侧表皮可见大量嗜中性粒细胞。免疫荧光可见IgG、IgA于基底膜带呈线状沉积。氨苯砜治疗效果好,儿童型线状IgA大疱性皮病诊断成立。本例免疫病理IgA、IgG均阳性,提示该患儿是否可能存在IgA大疱性皮病与大疱性类天疱疮的重叠,还有待于进一步检查。     

儿童线状IgA大疱性皮病1例

报告1例儿童线状IgA大疱性皮病。患儿,女,8岁。全身红斑、水疱伴痒6个月。皮肤组织病理:表皮下疱,疱内嗜中性白细胞和淋巴细胞;真皮乳头保持完整,血管周围淋巴组织细胞浸润。免疫荧光:基膜区IgA线状沉积。诊断:儿童线状IgA大疱性皮病。     

新生儿线状IgA大疱性皮病

患儿男, 生后10 d, 因皮肤红斑、水疱6 d就诊入院。皮肤科检查:全身皮肤散在或融合分布红斑, 在正常皮肤或红斑基础上可见大小不等的紧张性水疱, 部分水疱破溃、糜烂;口腔黏膜可见血疱、红色糜烂面。组织病理检查示表皮下水疱, 疱内可见中性粒细胞及少量嗜酸性粒细胞。直接免疫荧光检查显示:沿基底膜带有均质型线状IgA和颗粒状C3沉积, IgG阴性。诊断:新生儿线状IgA大疱性皮病。给予营养支持、防感染等综合治疗后, 皮肤红斑、水疱消退, 黏膜损害减轻出院。患儿出院后16个月电话随访, 一般情况良好, 皮肤黏膜皮损消退、愈合, 无新发皮疹, 生长发育正常。     

成人线状IgA大疱性皮病1例

患者男,37岁。全身反复出现红斑、斑丘疹、水疱,伴剧痒1年半。病理检查示表皮下水疱。真皮内中性粒细胞及嗜酸性粒细胞浸润;直接免疫荧光示IgA呈线状沉积于基底膜带。皮疹特点和组织病理类似疱疹样皮炎,后根据直接免疫荧光确诊为成人线状IgA大疱性皮病,给予环磷酰胺、糖皮质激素联合治疗,取得良好效果。     

大疱性系统性红斑狼疮3例及文献复习

报告3例大疱性系统性红斑狼疮(BsLE).3例患者均为女性,年龄分别为36、57和23岁.临床上均表现为全身泛发水疱、大疱.皮损组织病理检查显示为表皮下水疱,真皮乳头层较多中性粒细胞浸润,2例出现基底细胞液化变性.直接免疫荧光检查:2例示免疫球蛋白G(IgG)和(或)免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)抗体线状沉积于基膜带(BMZ),1例IgA线状沉积于BMZ,无lgG、IgM沉积.3例均符合SLE的诊断标准.糖皮质激素和氨苯砜可有效控制水疱、大疱的发生.单独以IgA介导的BSLE在临床上罕见.     

成人线状IgA大疱性皮病1例

患者女,43岁。面颈部及躯干反复出现红斑和水疱7月。皮肤科情况:面颈部及躯干泛发水肿性红斑、丘疹和张力性小水疱,呈环状排列。皮损组织病理示:表皮下水疱,疱内及真皮可见大量嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,真皮层有少许中性粒细胞等炎性细胞浸润。直接免疫荧光见基底膜带IgA呈线状沉积。诊断:成人线状IgA大疱性皮病。予氨苯砜治疗2周,起效快,疗效好。     

儿童大疱性系统性红斑狼疮1例

患儿女 ,10岁。因关节疼痛伴血尿 2月 ,全身皮肤起水疱 1月余入院。入院后查抗核抗体阳性 ,抗sm抗体阳性 ;皮损组织病理示表皮下疱 ;直接免疫荧光示基底膜带IgG ,IgA ,IgM ,C3 呈线状沉积。诊断为儿童大疱性系统性红斑狼疮。     

误诊为线状IgA大疱性皮病的大疱性系统性红斑狼疮1例

患者男,20岁,面部、胸前皮肤出现孤立或半环状排列的水疱7天,曾诊断为线状IgA大疱性皮病(linear IgA bullous dermatosis,LABD),后经实验室检查患者外周血白细胞2.50×10~9/L,血小板65×109/L,ANA 1∶640,抗dsDNA抗体阳性,尿蛋白(3+)。组织病理示:表皮下水疱形成,真皮浅层及血管周可见淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞浸润,免疫荧光(direct immunofluorescence,DIF)基底膜带有IgG,IgA和C_3均呈线状沉积,确诊为大疱性系统性红斑狼疮(bullous systemic lupus erythematosus,BSLE)。予甲泼尼龙、羟氯喹等治疗7天,皮损全部消退,随访未见新发水疱。     

Possible paraneoplastic syndrome case of bullous pemphigoid with immunoglobulin G anti‐BP180 C‐terminal domain antibodies associated with psoriasis and primary macroglobulinemia

A 61‐year‐old Japanese man developed bullous skin lesions during topical therapy for psoriasis vulgaris. Physical examination demonstrated numerous tense bullae and scaly erythemas on the trunk and extremities. Histopathology of the skin biopsy demonstrated subepidermal bullae and lymphocytic infiltration with eosinophils in the dermis. Direct immunofluorescence revealed linear deposits of immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgA and C3 along the basement membrane zone. Indirect immunofluorescence of 1 mol/L NaCl‐split skin showed IgG reactivity with both epidermal and the dermal sides. IgM reactivity with both the epidermal and dermal sides was also detected. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays showed negative results for both BP180 and BP230. Immunoelectrophoresis of serum and bone marrow aspiration revealed underlying primary macroglobulinemia with M‐proteinemia of IgM‐κ type. Immunoblot analysis revealed IgG, but not IgM, antibodies to recombinant protein of BP180 C‐terminal domain. We diagnosed the present case as bullous pemphigoid with IgG anti‐BP180 C‐terminal domain autoantibodies associated with primary macroglobulinemia and psoriasis vulgaris. Systemic administration of prednisolone 30 mg/day resulted in dramatic improvement of both bullous and psoriatic skin lesions. When the bullous and psoriatic lesions relapsed, DRC chemotherapy (dexamethasone, rituximab and cyclophosphamide) for macroglobulinemia was performed. Then, the psoriatic lesions improved and the bullous lesions disappeared. We suggested that the present case may be paraneoplastic syndrome of bullous pemphigoid associated with primary macroglobulinemia and psoriasis vulgaris.     

Case of linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis associated with acquired hemophilia

Linear immunoglobulin (Ig)A bullous dermatosis is a rare autoimmune subepidermal bullous dermatosis caused by circulating IgA autoantibodies directed against the antigens at the basement membrane zone. Most linear IgA bullous dermatosis cases are idiopathic, but some are associated with the use of certain drugs, infections, lymphoproliferative disorders, internal malignancies, autoimmune disorders, collagen diseases or, very rarely, other skin diseases, including autoimmune bullous diseases. Acquired hemophilia is also rare; it is a coagulation disease caused by anti-factor VIII IgG antibodies. Acquired hemophilia has been reported to be associated with malignant tumors, pregnancy or postpartum, drug reactions, collagen diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune disorders, and skin diseases such as psoriasis and pemphigus. We report a case of hemophilia acquired during the course of linear IgA bullous dermatosis and review reported cases of autoimmune bullous dermatoses associated with acquired hemophilia.     

Case of subepidermal autoimmune bullous disease with psoriasis vulgaris reacting to both BP180 C‐terminal domain and laminin gamma‐1

A number of cases of psoriasis vulgaris developing bullous skin lesions have been diagnosed as either bullous pemphigoid with antibodies to the 180‐kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen (BP180) non‐collagenous 16a (NC16a) domain or anti‐laminin‐γ1 (p200) pemphigoid. We report a case of subepidermal bullous disease with psoriasis vulgaris, showing antibodies to both BP180 C‐terminal domain and laminin‐γ1. A 64‐year‐old Japanese man with psoriasis vulgaris developed exudative erythemas and tense bullae on the whole body but he did not have mucosal involvement. The blistering lesion showed subepidermal blisters histopathologically. In indirect immunofluorescence of 1 mol/L NaCl‐split skin, immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies reacted with both the epidermal and dermal side. Immunoblotting showed positive IgG with recombinant protein of BP180 C‐terminal domain and 200‐kDa laminin‐γ1 in normal human dermal extract.     

Psoriasis vulgaris coexistent with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita

Summary Autoimmune bullous diseases, such as bullous pemphigoid or pemphigus vulgaris. occasionally develop in psoriatic patients. In addition, a novel subepidermal bullous disease with autoantibodies against a lower lamina lucida antigen of 200kDa has recently been reported in association with psoriasis. We describe here a patient with psoriasis vulgaris who developed epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA). Direct immunofluorescence revealed linear deposition of IgCl and C3 at the basement membrane zone. The patient's serum bound to the dermal side of salt-split normal human skin. However, immnumohlol analysis demonstrated that the patient's serum reacted with an EBA antigen of 290 kDa. EBA should be included in the list of autoimmune diseases associated with psoriasis vulgaris.     

A case of generalized pustular psoriasis followed by bullous disease: and atypical case of bullous pemphigoid or a novel bullous disease?

Summary We describe a 31-year-old Japanese woman with generalized pustular psoriasis treated with PUVA who subsequently developed a bullous disease. Throughout the disease coures, there was no phase of psoriasis vulgaris. Although several reports describe coexistence of psoriasis vulgaris and bullous disease such as bullous periphigoid, coexistence of generalized pustular psoriasis without any phase of psoriasis vulgaris and bullous disease is rare. As for the bullous disease, direct immunofluorescence study showed lgG and C3 deposition along the basement membrane zone. Indirect immunofluorescence disclosed lgG antibasement membrane zone antibodies. Indirect immunofluorescence on 1 mol/1 sodium chloride-split skin demonstrated linear lgG staining almost exclusively on the dermal side of the split. Western immunoblot analysis revealed that the antibody was directed to neither epidermolysis bullosa acquisita antigen nor bullous pemphigoid antigens. Considering the unusual clinical course, we suspect the possibility of a novel autoimmune blistering disease.     

Subepidermal blistering disease with autoantibodies against a novel dermal 200-kDa antigen

A number of autoimmune subepidermal blistering diseases are characterized by the distinct autoantigens of the cutaneous basement membrane zone. Recently, a few cases with autoantibodies against a novel 200-kDa dermal protein have been reported. We collected nine cases of subepidermal blistering disease with IgG antibodies against this 200-kDa antigen. In this report, we describe the clinical and immunological appearances in these cases. Five cases showed bullous pemphigoid-like features, one case resembled dermatitis herpetiformis, and another case showed mixed features of bullous pemphigoid and linear IgA bullous dermatosis. It was interesting to note that psoriasis coexisted in four cases. By indirect immunofluorescence on 1 M NaCl split skin, IgG antibodies from all sera reacted with the dermal side of the split. By immunoblot analysis, IgG antibodies recognized a 200-kDa protein of dermal extract. IgG affinity-purified antibodies on the 200-kDa immunoblot membrane stained the dermal side of 1 M NaCl split skin. Various examinations suggested that the 200-kDa antigen is not identical to any chains of laminins-1, -5 or -6. This autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease against the dermal 200-kDa protein may form a new distinct entity, which often associates with psoriasis.     

Linear immunoglobulin A/G bullous dermatosis associated with ulcerative colitis

Linear immunoglobulin (Ig)A/G bullous dermatosis (LAGBD) is an autoimmune bullous disease characterized by formation of subepidermal blisters and linear deposition of IgA and IgG antibodies along the basement membrane zone (BMZ). The association between linear IgA bullous dermatosis and ulcerative colitis (UC) is well recognized, but reports of UC‐associated LAGBD are lacking. We have reported a 24‐year‐old man suffering from LAGBD associated with UC, which occurred before exacerbations of skin rash. A skin biopsy indicated a subepidermal blister with an infiltration of primarily neutrophils and eosinophils in the dermis. Direct immunofluorescence (IF) studies showed a linear deposition of IgA, IgG and C3c. Indirect IF of human skin revealed IgA and IgG anti‐BMZ autoantibodies. Indirect IF of 1 M NaCl‐split human skin demonstrated reactivity of IgA and IgG antibodies at the epidermal side. Immunoblotting showed that IgG antibodies reacted to the BP180 NC16a domain and 120‐kDa linear IgA dermatosis‐1, and enzyme‐linked immunoassay detected IgG anti‐BP230 antibodies. Administration of prednisolone and diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) via the p.o. route improved skin lesions and bowel conditions. These results suggest that the bowel inflammation observed in UC may have a causative effect of initiation of the immune response to the skin and development of the bullous skin lesions in LAGBD. A combination of DDS and corticosteroid could be a recommended therapeutic option for patients with LAGBD with UC.     

A case of mixed bullous disease of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita and linear IgA bullous dermatosis

A 75-year-old Japanese male visited us with bullous eruptions on the extremities. Physical examination revealed large bullae on the hands, lower legs and feet. The oral mucosa was also involved. Histology disclosed subepidermal blister with inflammatory cell infiltrates in the dermis. Direct immunofluorescence showed deposits of IgG and IgA at the cutaneous basement membrane zone. Indirect immunofluorescence on 1 M NaCl-split human skin sections demonstrated that the patient's IgG antibodies reacted with the dermal side of the split, while IgA antibodies reacted with the epidermal side. Immunoblotting showed that the patient's serum reacted with the NC1 domain of type VII collagen (290-kDa epidermolysis bullosa acquisita antigen) as well as the 120-kDa linear IgA bullous dermatosis antigen, LAD-1. Systemic prednisolone resulted in a favorable response. From the clinicopathological findings, the present case is not consistent with either epidermolysis bullosa acquisita or IgA bullous dermatosis. Therefore, we regarded the case as mixed bullous disease of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita and linear IgA bullous dermatosis. Such a case has not been previously reported.     

Two Cases of Atypical Bullous Disease Showing Linear IgG and IgA Deposition in the Basement Membrane Zone

Patients showing coexistent linear IgG and IgA deposition along the basement membrane zone on direct immunofluorescence have been described as either bullous pemphigoid, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, linear IgA bullous dermatosis, or cicatricial pemphigoid, depending on the clinical features and laboratory findings. In the present report, we describe two cases showing atypical clinical features distinct from those of other known bullous diseases. No circulating antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescence of normal human skin. Indirect immunofluorescence of 1 M NaCl split skin revealed IgG and/or IgA antibodies reactive with the dermal side of the split. Immunoblotting of normal human epidermal and dermal extracts showed no apparent reactivity with known autoantigens. The results suggest that there may be a unique and distinct bullous disease with linear IgG and IgA deposition at the basement membrane zone.     

Linear IgA dermatosis with IgA and IgG autoantibodies to the 180 kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen (BP180): evidence for a distinct subtype

BACKGROUND: Autoantibodies in linear immunoglobulin A (IgA) disease (LAD) are reported to be of IgA class and directed against a 97-120 kDa epidermal antigen. METHODS: We report a 39-year-old woman with clinical features of LAD and with circulating IgA and IgG autoantibodies to the 180 kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen (BP180). RESULTS: Histopathology of lesional skin revealed a subepidermal blister with mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate. Direct immunofluorescence of perilesional skin showed linear deposits of IgA along the dermal-epidermal junction. The antigen specificity of the patient's circulating antibodies was determined by Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) using various antigen sources, including cultured human keratinocytes, dermal protein lysates, and purified laminin-5, as well as proteins corresponding to BP180, the 230 kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen (BP230), laminin-5 subunits, and collagen IV alpha1-alpha6 chains. IgA and IgG antibodies in the patient's serum were directed against BP180, and no IgA or IgG reactivity was found against the other skin antigens. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide evidence for the presence of a subtype of LAD with dual IgA and IgG autoimmune response to BP180.