病毒性心肌炎患者院内死亡的危险因素分析

目的:分析导致病毒性心肌炎患者院内死亡的危险因素.方法:回顾性纳入2015年1月1日 至2020年12月31日,于首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院住院诊治的病毒性心肌炎患者,根据是否院内死亡分为院内死亡组和院内非死亡组,比较两组患者临床特征、超声心动图测定的LVEF、心电图、实验室化验检查结果,寻找可能影响院内死亡率的危险...     

急性脑卒中患者院内死亡的危险因素分析

目的探讨急性脑卒中患者发生院内死亡的危险因素,以减少急性脑卒中的病死率。方法选取2001年8月—2011年8月我院神经科住院急性脑卒中患者2028例,对患者的病历资料进行详细的调查,对引起院内死亡的多种危险因素进行分析。结果 2028例急性脑卒中患者中死亡71例,病死率为3.5%;年龄、性别、院前时间、血压、并发症、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白水平与急性脑卒中患者院内死亡关系密切。结论临床医生应对急性脑卒中患者发生院内死亡的危险因素给予高度重视,可有效降低病死率。     

急性心肌梗死院内死亡危险因素分析

目的:探讨急性心肌梗死(AMI)病人院内死亡的独立危险因素。方法:回顾性分析我院2011~2013年在我院住院期间,确诊为AMI的患者614例的临床资料,根据AMI患者住院期间存活与否,分为死亡组(62例)和存活组(552例),用单变量和多变量Logistic回归分析所有患者的基线特征因素和治疗方法与院内死亡的关系。结果:62例死亡患者平均年龄(66.58±12.87)岁,男性39例(62.9%),院内死亡率为10.10%(62/614),多变量Logistic回归分析筛选出与AMI院内死亡相关的独立危险因素为:年龄(OR=3.065,95%CI:1.188~7.915)、女性(OR=2.775,95%CI:1.200~6.419)、心率(OR=2.836,95%CI:1.405~5.722)、血糖(OR=1.943,95%CI:1.186~3.184)、Killip IV级(OR=1.744,95%CI:1.211~2.513)、3支或左主干病变(OR=3.157,95%CI:1.244~8.014),P<0.05~<0.01。结论:高龄、女性、心率增快、入院血糖水平高、KillipIV级、3支或左主干病变可能是急性心肌梗死院内死亡的独立危险因素。     

老年多器官功能衰竭的死亡危险因素分析

老年多器官功能衰竭(MOFE)一旦发生,则病情进展迅速,往往在短时间内同时或序贯出现≥2个器官功能衰竭,是老年患者重要死因.     

艾滋病合并马尔尼菲青霉菌病患者死亡危险因素分析

目的探讨艾滋病(AIDS)合并马尔尼菲青霉菌病(PSM)的死亡危险因素。方法采用病例对照研究方法,调查2008-01～2009-12广西壮族自治区龙潭医院收治住院的307例AIDS合并PSM患者,通过单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析筛选出导致患者死亡的危险因素。结果 AIDS合并PSM 307例患者中,生存组226例,死亡组81例,死亡率为26.38%。单因素Logistic回归分析显示,感染途径、治疗方案、是否接受过高效抗反转录病毒(HAART)治疗、合并细菌或其它真菌性肺炎、合并耶氏肺孢子虫肺炎(PCP)、中毒性肝炎、白细胞减少、血小板减少、白蛋白减少、血尿素氮升高、血清总胆红素升高等16个因素为死亡的影响因素。多因素分析结果显示,实施氟康唑治疗方案及两性霉素B治疗方案是预后的保护因素,合并PCP、血小板减少、血尿素氮升高、总胆红素升高是死亡的危险因素。结论通过对死亡危险因素的研究,可有针对性采取有效治疗和控制措施.对降低死亡率有重要意义。     

老年创伤患者临床特征和死亡危险因素分析

目的 总结老年重症创伤的临床特征,分析死亡危险因素。方法 回顾性地分析2010年1月至2014年10月张家港市第一人民医院重症监护室（ICU）收治的130例老年创伤患者和120例青中年创伤患者的致伤原因、伤情、救治及转归。结果 老年创伤组急性生理与慢性健康评分（APACHE Ⅱ）为（19.71±12.48）分,合并基础疾病率39.2%,住ICU的时间为（6.17±5.97）d,机械通气率56.2%,多器官功能不全综合征（MODS）发生率36.9%,肺部感染发生率22.3%,病死率34.6%,均高于青中年创伤组（P＜0.05）。结论 老年创伤患者病死率高于中青年患者,APACHE Ⅱ评分、较多的基础疾病和MODS的发生是其独立危险因素。     

急性主动脉夹层患者院内死亡的危险因素分析

目的:探讨急性主动脉夹层患者的临床特征及院内死亡的相关危险因素.方法:回顾性收集2018年5月至2020年7月,郑州市第七人民医院主动脉夹层住院患者205例病历资料.根据患者住院转归,分为存活组(n=175)和死亡组(n=30),比较两组患者的一般资料、既往病史、治疗方式以及实验室指标等,采用多因素Logistic回归...     

大动脉转位患者动脉调转术后死亡的危险因素分析

目的 分析接受动脉调转术(ASO)治疗大动脉转位(TGA)患者发生住院期间死亡的危险因素.方法2004年1月至2007年12月,入选169例实施ASO的TGA患者,其中男性129例,女性40例,年龄(11.71±26.3)个月.患者分为室间隔完整组(室间隔完整型TGA患者56例)和室间隔缺损组(室间隔缺损型TGA患者113例).对ASO术后发生住院期间死亡的危险因素进行多元logistic回归分析.结果ASO术后发生住院期间死亡19例(11.24%),住院期间病死率由2004年的16.67%下降到2007年的3.92%.2004至2007年,室间隔完整组与室间隔缺损组各年的住院期间病死率差异均无统计学意义.多元logistic回归分析显示,ASO治疗TGA后住院期间死亡的危险因素为:体重≤3 kg(OR:4.571,P=0.0409)、合并室间隔缺损(OR:4.444,P=0.0406)、复杂畸形TGA(OR:4.321,P=0.0140)、Planche分型为非正常型(OR:4.867,P=0.0104)、Leiden分型为非A型(OR:3.045,P=0.0243).结论体重≤3 kg、合并室间隔缺损、复杂畸形TGA、冠状动脉异常是ASO治疗TGA后发生住院期间死亡的危险因素.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze the in-hospital mortality and factors affecting in-hospital mortality for patients with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) undergoing arterial switch operation (ASO).Methods Between January 2004 and December 2007, ASO was performed in 169 patients [129 male, 40 female; mean age (11.71± 26. 3) months] with TGA. The patients were divided in intact ventricular septum group( n = 56): TGA with intact ventricular septum and ventricular septal defect group (n = 113 ):TGA with ventricular septal defect. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors of in-hospital mortality. Results The overall in-hospital mortality was 11.24% (19/169). The yearly in-hospital mortality was similar between intact ventricular septum group and ventricular septal defect group. With the improvement of perioperative treatment, the in-hospital mortality decreased from 16.67% in 2004 to 3.92% in 2007. The multivariate analysis revealed that body weight ≤3 kg( OR:4. 571, P =0. 0409), complicating ventricular septal defect( OR:4. 444,P =0. 0406), complex TGA( OR:4. 321 ,P =0. 0140), coronary anomalies( OR:4. 867,P =0. 0104) and non-type A coronary arteries( OR:3. 045,P =0. 0243) were independent predictors for poor early postoperative survival. Conclusion Body weight ≤3 kg,complicating ventricular septal defect, complex TGA, coronary anomalies are independent predictors for increased in-hospital mortality in patients with transposition of TGA and undergoing arterial switch operation.     

维持性血液透析患者死亡原因及相关危险因素分析

目的 探讨维持性血液透析患者死亡原因和相关危险因素.方法 选择2003-01～2007-12在该院肾内科血液净化中心治疗的122例维持性血液透析患者的临床和血液透析资料进行回顾性分析.结果 122例患者中,死亡56例,占45.9%,其中因心血管病死亡31例(55.38%),严重感染9例(16.07%),脑血管病7例(12.50%),全身衰竭6例(10.71%),消化道出血3例(5.36%).其他如贫血、高血压、糖尿病、营养不良、低血压和高钾血症等也是与血液透析死亡密切相关的危险因素.结论 心血管病和严重感染是维持性血液透析患者死亡的主要原因.充分透析,积极控制相关的危险因素,防治并发症可降低病死率并提高生存质量.     

急性敌草快中毒患者死亡危险因素分析

目的分析急性敌草快中毒患者死亡的危险因素及其对预后的预测价值。方法收集中国医科大学附属盛京医院急诊科2016年1月至2019年8月收治的41例急性敌草快中毒患者的临床资料,依据随访2个月患者是否死亡,分为死亡组和存活组,比较2组患者一般情况及临床资料,将差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)的指标纳入logistic回归,分析死亡危险因素,并通过ROC曲线评价其预测死亡的效能。结果两组患者服毒剂量、入院时间、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、尿素、血肌酐、氧分压和尿敌草快浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组患者的性别、年龄、饮酒率、洗胃率、血液灌流率、白细胞计数、钾离子和乳酸差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);将上述差异有统计学意义的各变量进一步纳入多元logistic回归方程,通过logistic回归分析后,敌草快剂量、血肌酐、尿敌草快浓度是急性敌草快中毒死亡的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论敌草快剂量、血清肌酐和尿敌草快浓度可作为判断急性敌草快中毒病情严重程度及预后的可靠指标。     

Diagnosis of isolated small bowel injury following blunt abdominal trauma

A review of the case histories of 29 patients with isolated rupture of the small bowel was undertaken to determine which diagnostic tests were most sensitive in the early diagnosis of this notoriously occult injury. Results indicate that peritoneal lavage was the most useful test for this purpose, clearly more sensitive than standard clinical or radiographic signs. All patients in this series had indications for peritoneal lavage, and 85% of the patients who underwent peritoneal lavage in the emergency department had positive results and prompt operation. Reliance on the development of clinical peritonitis or the detection of pneumoperitoneum leads to long delays before operation.     

Blunt abdominal trauma causing jejunal rupture

Two cases of jejunal rupture from blunt abdominal trauma are described. One followed a motorcycle accident, and the other followed a punch to the abdomen. Both patients initially had unremarkable abdominal examinations. After surgical repair of the ruptures, the patients recovered uneventfully. Jejunal rupture secondary to blunt abdominal trauma is not common, but its subdued clinical presentation and the nonspecific laboratory findings make diagnosis difficult. High morbidity and mortality are associated with this type of injury when diagnosis and treatment are delayed. Small bowel rupture should be considered in any patient with a history of significant blunt abdominal trauma and persistent abdominal pain.     

Incidence of unexplained intra-abdominal free fluid in patients with blunt abdominal trauma

BACKGROUND:Intra-abdominal free fluid is commonly caused by injuries of solid or hollow organs in patients suffering from blunt abdominal trauma(BAT).However,it presents a diagnostic dilemma for surgeons when free fluid is unexplained,especially in stable BAT patients.This study was to analyze the incidence of such unexplained free fluid in BAT patients and its diagnostic value in abdominal organ injury.METHODS:Altogether 597 patients with BAT who had been treated at our trauma center over a 10-year period ...     

The risk of percutaneous chest tube thoracostomy for blunt thoracic trauma

Analysis of 164 percutaneous chest tube thoracostomies performed as a standardized technical procedure in the management of 129 blunt trauma victims demonstrated an overall complication rate of 9.1% (15 of 164). Three complications (1.8%) were related to problems of insertion, and four (2.4%) represented the problem of pneumothorax after chest tube removal. The remaining eight complications (4.9%) were associated with positive bacterial cultures, two (1.2%) of which represented clinical empyema. Both cases of empyema had either prolonged chest tube placement (23 and 15 days) or multiple chest tubes (two and three) on the same side. Percutaneous chest tube thoracostomy remains an important facet in the management of certain types of blunt thoracic trauma. Associated risks can best be minimized with adherence to a standardized technique and management protocol.     

Cervical radiographic evaluation of alert patients following blunt trauma

The records of 333 consecutive alert patients admitted to a trauma service for neurologic observation after sustaining significant blunt head trauma were reviewed. All patients had class I level of consciousness (alert, responds immediately to questions, may be disoriented and confused, follows complex commands); those with significant acute alcohol and/or drug intoxication were excluded from this study. Cervical spine injury did not correlate with the presence of major concomitant injuries, skull fractures, or major intracranial injuries. Cervical spine injury correlated only with the presence of signs and/or symptoms of cervical injury. This correlation was highly significant (P less than .05). Five of the 42 patients (11%) with signs and/or symptoms of cervical injury had cervical spine fractures. No patient without signs and/or symptoms of cervical injury had a cervical spine injury. These findings suggest that among alert patients with class I level of consciousness who have sustained blunt injury, only those who present with signs and/or symptoms of cervical injury require cervical radiographic evaluation.     

腹部手术后肺部并发症相关危险因素分析

目的研究腹部手术后肺部并发症(PPCs)发生的相关危险因素。方法回顾性分析307例腹部手术的临床资料,对数据进行单因素分析,并选取有统计意义的因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果PPCs发生率13.36%。年龄大于65岁、存在肺外基础疾病、ASA分级高、血清白蛋白低、有吸烟史、存在COPD等肺部基础疾病、ECOG评分高、CURB-65评分高、血尿素氮高、上腹部手术、手术时间大于3小时为发生腹部手术后肺部并发症的危险因素(P0.05)。其中,前四项为独立危险因素。结论年龄、吸烟史、基础疾病、血清白蛋白、血尿素氮、手术部位、手术时间与腹部手术后肺部并发症的发生相关,ASA、ECOG和CURB-65评分高者,腹部手术后易发PPCs。     

老年冠心病患者腹主动脉瘤发病特点及危险因素分析

目的分析腹主动脉瘤(AAA)在老年冠心病人群中的发病情况及其危险因素。方法选择86例冠心病及60例未患冠心病的老年患者(65岁),分为冠心病组和对照组,常规超声心动仪检查AAA发病情况,并对冠心病组AAA患者的危险因素进行分析。结果冠心病组的AAA发病率明显高于无冠心病组(15.1%vs3.3%;P0.05),logistic回归分析发现吸烟(OR=4.79;P0.01)和颈动脉狭窄(OR=3.29;P0.05)与AAA发病密切相关,糖尿病与AAA呈负相关(OR=0.15;P0.05)。结论老年冠心病患者AAA发病率高,两者间有着部分相同的危险因素,但不完全一样。