The efficacy of dentine adhesive to sclerotic dentine

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a dentine bonding system to sclerotic dentine in comparison with normal dentine. METHODS: The efficacy of the dentine bonding system to sclerotic dentine was examined by measuring wall-to-wall polymerization contraction gap width. The dentine cavity wall was pretreated with an experimental dentine bonding system with and without a dentine primer. The dentine primer was glyceryl mono-methacrylate (Blemmer GLM, NOF Corp., Tokyo, Japan) (GM), which contained esterified methacrylate with a polyvalent alcohol, which is similar to 2-HEMA. The structure of sclerotic dentine and the changes to that structure caused by etching were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS: With GM priming, complete marginal integrity was obtained regardless of the type of dentine. Without GM priming, complete marginal integrity was obtained in half of the specimens of the sclerotic dentine, and was not obtained in any of the specimens of normal dentine. In the SEM study, the structure of sclerotic dentine was considered to be viable for adhesion. However, this was not the case when etched with phosphoric acid. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that sclerotic dentine had a clear advantage over normal dentine with regard to the adaptation of resin composites. Therefore the structure of sclerotic dentine possesses a naturally derived structure to which a primer may attach. Sclerotic dentine is part of the body's natural defenses and should be preserved. It should not be exposed to acid etching which would damage its structure.     

Healing of a radiolucent periradicular lesion with periradicular radiopacity

Periradicular radiopacities that reveal the existence of sclerotic bone are less common than periradicular radiolucencies. Replacement of a radiolucent periradicular area by sclerotic bone after endodontic treatment is not very often reported and may be confused with condensing osteitis. An unusual case is presented of sclerotic bone formation after endodontic treatment of a first mandibular molar with initial diagnosis of apical periodontitis.     

Localized oral amyloidosis: ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study

An histopathological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study of localized amyloidosis in the floor of mouth of a 58-year-old male in good health is reported. The lesion was composed of nodular deposits of amyloid surrounded by libroblastic or histiocytic cells, and metaplastic ossification was seen in some deposits. Ultrastructural findings disclosed typical amyloid fibrils with felt-like structure. Closely connected with the amyloid deposits were cells with active histiocytic or fibroblastic appearance. Their cytoplasm contained amyloid fibrils. At the outermost area of the amyloid deposits, bundles of amyloid fibrils projected from these cells into amyloid deposits. Amyloid protein of the present case did not react to any antisera using anti-AA, anti-A lambda, anti-A kappa and anti-prealbumin antisera. It can be assumed that histiocytes or fibroblasts play an important role in local amyloid formation, however, the nature of amyloid fibril protein in the present case is unknown.     

Localized oral amyloidosis: ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study

An histopathological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study of localized amyloidosis in the floor of mouth of a 58-year-old male in good health is reported. The lesion was composed of nodular deposits of amyloid surrounded by fibroblastic or histiocytic cells, and metaplastic ossification was seen in some deposits. Ultrastructural findings disclosed typical amyloid fibrils with felt-like structure. Closely connected with the amyloid deposits were cells with active histiocytic or fibroblastic appearance. Their cytoplasm contained amyloid fibrils. At the outermost area of the amyloid deposits, bundles of amyloid fibrils projected from these cells into amyloid deposits. Amyloid protein of the present case did not react to any antisera using anti-AA, anti-A lambda, anti-A kappa and anti-prealbumin antisera. It can be assumed that histiocytes or fibroblasts play an important role in local amyloid formation, however, the nature of amyloid fibril protein in the present case is unknown.     

Clinical, radiographic, biochemical and histological findings of florid cemento-osseous dysplasia and report of a case

Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia has been described as a condition that characteristically affects the jaws of middle-aged black women. It usually manifests as multiple radiopaque cementum-like masses distributed throughout the jaws. This condition has also been classified as gigantiform cementoma, chronic sclerosing osteomyelitis, sclerosing osteitis, multiple estenosis and sclerotic cemental masses. The authors present a case of an uncomplicated florid cemento-osseous dysplasia in a 48-year-old black woman. Multiple sclerotic masses with radiolucent border in the mandible were identified radiographically. Histopathologic findings revealed formation of calcified dense sclerotic masses similar to cementum. All clinical, radiographic, biochemical and histological features were suggestive of the diagnosis of florid cemento-osseous dysplasia.     

三种粘接剂粘接不同牙本质的微拉伸粘接强度比较

目的采用微拉伸粘接强度实验测定3种牙本质粘接剂粘接楔状缺损处硬化牙本质的粘接强度。方法选择有典型楔状缺损并因牙周病拔除的上颌前磨牙30颗作为实验组，正常上颌前磨牙30颗作为对照组，使用粘接剂A（全酸蚀粘接剂Scotchbond Multi—Purpose）、B（一步法自酸蚀粘接剂Adper Prompt L-Pop）和C（两步法自酸蚀粘接剂Contax）处理硬化牙本质和正常牙本质表面，相应树脂修复。测试两组试件的微拉伸粘接强度。结果粘接剂A、B、C粘接硬化牙本质的微拉伸粘接强度分别为46．805MPa、39．045MPa、29．852MPa。粘接剂A和C与硬化牙本质的微拉伸粘接强度低于正常牙本质，而粘接剂B与之相反，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论牙颈部楔状缺损处硬化牙本质由于结构上的特殊性可造成粘接困难。酸性强有利于粘接剂与硬化牙本质的粘接。     

Evaluation of the relationship between periapical lesions/sclerotic bone and general bone density as a possible gauge of general health among 80-year-olds

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the incidence among 80-year-olds of periapical lesions as detected on panoramic radiographs and to determine the relationship between sclerotic bone around the periapical lesions to heel bone density, body height, and hand-grip strength. STUDY DESIGN: Six hundred fifty-nine panoramic radiographs (262 males, 397 females), obtained from 80-year-old residents of Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan, were used for evaluation of periapical lesions. These findings were correlated with physical examination results to determine the relationship to general health. RESULTS: Of 659 panoramic radiographs, 31 (5%) were noted to have periapical lesions. Average size of the 31 periapical lesions was 6.1 +/- 2.2 mm. Of the 31 periapical lesions, 21 (68%) were accompanied by linear or diffuse types of sclerotic bone. Of the 21 sclerotic bones, 10 (48%) were of a linear type of sclerotic bone and 11 (52%) of a diffuse type of sclerotic bone. Of the 11 diffuse types of sclerotic bone, 10 (91%) were in the mandible and 1 (9%) in the maxilla. Periapical lesions in the mandible were more frequently accompanied by a diffuse type of sclerotic bone than those in the maxilla (P < .01). The hand-grip strength of those having periapical lesions, accompanied by a diffuse type of sclerotic bone, was stronger than those having no periapical lesions (P < .01) and those accompanied by a linear type of sclerotic bone (P < .03). However, there was no relationship between presence of sclerotic bone and heel bone density or body height. CONCLUSIONS: Periapical lesions accompanied by a diffuse type of sclerotic bone were more frequently seen in the mandible of 80-year-olds. To evaluate the clinical significance of sclerotic bone around periapical lesions in 80-year-olds, further study to evaluate the significance of endodontic treatment needs to be done.     

两种粘结系统处理硬化性牙本质后树脂突形成的扫描电镜观察

目的：观察硬化性牙本质经全酸蚀粘结处理和自酸蚀粘结处理后混合层树脂突情况。方法：选择具有典型硬化性牙本质的10颗磨牙作为实验组,另选择因正畸拔除的正常前磨牙作为对照组。每颗牙分成两部分,一部分应用全酸蚀粘结剂处理牙本质,另一部分应用自酸蚀剂处理牙本质,每一部分金刚砂车针分割成两个剖面,每一剖面酸蚀、固定、脱水、扫描电镜观察。结果：正常牙本质较硬化性牙本质经全酸蚀处理视野中更多见树脂突伸向牙本质小管。两种牙本质经自酸蚀处理视野中树脂突都不明显,有些区域似有树脂突但短小。结论：硬化性牙本质较正常牙本质粘结处理后混合层树脂突少;全酸蚀粘结剂较自酸蚀粘结剂对牙本质处理混合层更易形成树脂突。     

Er,Cr:YSGG激光照射后硬化牙本质表面超微结构观察

目的 通过比较Er,Cr:YSGG激光照射、磷酸酸蚀等方法处理后硬化牙本质表面的超微结构特点,寻找适合硬化牙本质粘接的表面处理方法.方法 选择16颗有硬化牙本质的离体牙,使用随机数字表随机分为4组,每组4颗,分别进行磷酸酸蚀(A组)、激光照射(B组)、磷酸酸蚀+激光照射(C组)、激光照射+磷酸酸蚀(D组)处理,扫描电镜观察硬化牙本质表而的超微结构.结果 A组硬化牙本质表而可见大部分牙本质小管被硬化柱堵塞;B组硬化牙本质表面为均匀一致的蜂窝状改变;C组硬化牙本质表面形态特点与B组类似;D组硬化牙本质表面形态类似于A组,无激光照射后形成的蜂窝状改变.结论 Er,Cr:YSGG激光照射硬化牙本质后增加了表面粗糙度,形成的粗糙面可能有利于粘接.     

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目的观察硬化性牙本质经全酸蚀粘接处理和自酸蚀粘接处理后混合层的超微结构。方法2006年12月至2007年5月,在大连医科大学附属一院口腔科选择具有典型硬化性牙本质的磨牙10颗作为实验组,另选择因正畸拔除的正常前磨牙作为对照组,每颗牙分成两部分。一部分应用全酸蚀粘接处理牙本质,另一部分应用自酸蚀粘接处理牙本质,每一部分都经液氮冷冻后劈裂,利用扫描电镜观察粘接混合层。结果硬化性牙本质经全酸蚀处理或自酸蚀处理获得的混合层与牙本质结合紧密,混合层厚度有些区域较宽,有些区域较薄。结论从微观形态角度观察混合层:全酸蚀系统及自酸蚀系统对正常牙本质获得的混合层与硬化性牙本质获得的混合层无明显差别。     

The eosinophilic and amyloid-like materials in adenomatoid odontogenic tumor

This paper is concerned with the relationship between eosinophilic material (EM) and amyloid-like material in adenomatoid odontogenic tumors. In duct-like structures and between opposing rows of tall columnar cells, EM did not stain for amyloid. Under electron microscopy, EM was composed of fibrillar and granular materials, and the fibrillar material was not amyloid. Two different kinds of EM were found in solid cell masses. Lesions from cases 2, 3, 4 and part of case 1 contained small droplet-shaped EM and these EM did not stain for amyloid. Case 1 also contained EM that stained positively for amyloid. The structure of amyloid positive EM resembled developing enamel of human tooth germs. This material was tubular and finely granular. The tubular material resembled enamel matrix fibers rather than amyloid and the fine granular material was stippled. The cells surrounding EM appeared similar to ameloblasts between secretory and maturation stages.     

The eosinophilic and amyloid-like materials in adenomatoid odontogenic tumor

This paper is concerned with the relationship between eosinophilic material (EM) and amyloid-like material and adenomatoid odontogenic tumors. In duct-like structures between opposing rows of tall columnar cells, EM did not stain for amyloid. Under electron microscopy, EM was composed of fibrillar and granular materials, and the fibrillar material was not amyloid. Two different kinds of EM were found in solid cell masses. Lesions from cases 2, 3, 4 and part of case 1 contained small droplet-shaped EM and these EM did not stain for amyloid. Case 1 also contained EM that stained positively for amyloid. The structure of amyloid positive EM resembled developing enamel of human tooth germs. This material was tubular and finely granular. The tubular material resembled enamel matrix fibers rather then amyloid and the fine granular material was stippled. The cells surrounding EM appeared similar to ameloblasts between secretory and maturation stages.     

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目的    观察Nd：YAG激光处理后硬化牙本质表面的超微形态改变。方法    选取2009年6 — 8月中国医科大学附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科拔除的具有典型牙合面磨损牙15颗,随机分为黏结剂组、激光＋黏结剂组及对照组,每组5颗牙。黏结剂组采用Adper Prompt L-Pop处理15 s;激光＋黏结剂组采用Nd：YAG激光进行预处理后,再用Adper Prompt L-Pop处理15 s;对照组不做任何处理,扫描电镜观察表面形态变化。结果    扫描电镜观察发现,对照组硬化牙本质表面呈现无结构的组织,表面有污染层,部分牙本质小管口暴露;黏结剂组硬化牙本质表面污染层被去除,牙本质小管暴露,部分小管内可见突出表面的矿化晶柱;激光＋黏结剂组牙本质表面较干净,呈现凹凸不平状,有硬化柱的牙本质小管数量相对减少。结论    Nd：YAG激光联合Adper Prompt L-Pop处理能够更有效地去除污染层及牙本质小管内的硬化柱,粗化硬化牙本质表面。     

牙颈部非龋性硬化牙本质粘接的超微形态研究

目的观察牙颈部非龋性硬化牙本质经自酸蚀牙本质粘接剂处理后，树脂一牙本质界面的超微结构。方法选择有典型牙颈部非龋性缺损且因牙周病拔除的上颌前磨牙，使用两步法的自酸蚀粘接剂Contax粘接处理。扫描电镜观察硬化牙本质表面超微形态以及树脂一牙本质界面的混合层和树脂突的微观表现。结果硬化牙本质的牙本质小管大部分被柱状的矿化结晶体堵塞。粘接界面也可见到清晰的混合层和树脂突，但树脂突较短。结论硬化牙本质的粘接与正常牙本质存在差异，牙本质小管内的矿化结晶可能影响粘接效果。自酸蚀粘接剂对硬化牙本质具有一定的粘接能力。     

Sclerotic mandibular bone lesion.

A case of a sclerotic mandibular bone lesion interpreted as a true osteoma has been described, along with the differential diagnosis and treatment. Because the radiographic appearance is not specific for any one lesion, microscopic examination is essential to establish the definitive diagnosis.     

Micromorphological and hardness analyses of human and bovine sclerotic dentin: a comparative study

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that both human and bovine sclerotic dentin have similar hardness properties, in addition to similar micromorphological characteristics. Sixteen teeth (8 human and 8 bovine) exhibiting exposed dentin in the incisal edge and showing characteristics typical of sclerosis were used. Vickers surface microhardness testing was conducted. Three areas of the dentin surface of each specimen were selected. All teeth were processed for scanning electron microscopy in order to estimate the amount (in percentage) of solid dentin on the sclerotic dentin surface. The data were compared by Student's t test (α = 0.05). The micromorphological and microhardness data were compared by Pearson's linear correlation test (α = 0.05). The mean percentages of solid dentin of human and bovine sclerotic dentin were similar (human 90.71 ± 0.83 and bovine 89.08 ± 0.81, p = 0.18). The mean microhardness value (VHN) of human sclerotic dentin was significantly higher than that of bovine sclerotic dentin (human 45.26 ± 2.92 and bovine 29.93 ± 3.83, p = 0.006). No correlation was found between the microhardness values and the amount of solid dentin in the sclerotic dentin, irrespective of the species considered (human R2 = 0.0240, p = 0.714; bovine R2 = 0.0017, p = 0.923; and combined R2 = 0.038, p = 0.46). We concluded that although both bovine and human sclerotic dentin present a similar amount of solid tissue, human sclerotic dentin presents higher microhardness than bovine sclerotic dentin.     

Reduced antigenicity of type I collagen and proteoglycans in sclerotic dentin

Antigenic alterations to the dentin organic matrix may be detected by an immunohistochemical approach. We hypothesized that alterations in the antigenicity of type I collagen and proteoglycans occur in sclerotic dentin under caries lesions. Transverse sections were prepared from carious teeth in the sclerotic zone and normal hard dentin. A double-immunolabeling technique was performed on these sections, with anti-type I collagen and anti-chondroitin 4/6 sulfate monoclonal primary antibodies. We used gold-conjugated secondary antibodies to visualize the distribution of intact collagen fibrils and proteoglycans by high-resolution SEM. For sclerotic dentin, labeling densities were 19.57 +/- 3.01/microm2 for collagen and 9.84 +/- 2.62/microm2 for proteoglycans. For normal hard dentin, values were 35.20 +/- 2.73/microm2 and 17.03 +/- 1.98/microm2, respectively. Distribution of intact collagen fibrils and proteoglycans in sclerotic dentin was significantly lower than in normal hard dentin. Reductions in antigenicity from the organic matrix of sclerotic dentin under caries lesions raise concern about the potential of intrafibrillar remineralization.     

Development of a Stafne mandibular bone cavity. Report of a case

The present study reports a case in which a clinically asymptomatic radiolucent change surrounded by a sclerotic wall developed below the second molar in the mandible of a middle-aged man. The change was diagnosed as a typical case of Stafne bone cavity. In the earlier literature, development of a mandibular bone cavity has been described in only three patients. The appearance of bone cavities in a mandible that has previously been found normal indicates that these defects are not congenital but developmental processes.     

Amyloid in a pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland

Abstract A case of cellular pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland was studied by electron microscopy. The tumor contained stromal masses of 8-nm filaments that were identified as amyloid. None of the surrounding cells contained amyloid fibers     

Localized primary amyloid tumor of the parotid gland

We report a case of primary amyloid tumor (amyloidoma) of the left parotid gland. To the best of our knowledge this is the first case of this tumor in a parotid gland to be reported in the English literature. Congo red staining with prior potassium permanganate incubation confirmed the localized primary type of amyloid. Immunocytochemical studies demonstrated staining for immunoglobulin A, lambda and kappa light chains within the amyloid deposits and in the cytoplasm of the lymphocytes, and plasma cell aggregates. Ultrastructural examination showed characteristic findings of straight, nonbranching fibrils, measuring 80 to 100 A in length, that were diagnostic of amyloid. The patient had no symptoms and no clinical or laboratory evidence of systemic amyloidosis or multiple myeloma at a 1-year follow-up examination.