血运重建治疗对冠心病合并心力衰竭患者预后的影响

目的 探讨冠脉血运重建治疗对冠心病合并心衰患者预后的影响.方法 对1163例行冠脉血运重建治疗(包括PCI和CABG)的冠心病合并心衰的患者进行回顾性分析,按左室射血分数是否正常(定义为LVEF≥50％)将患者分为左室射血分数正常组(LVEF≥50％,920例)和左室射血分数降低组(LVEF＜ 50％,243例),分别评价患者住院期间的临床、血管造影、超声心动图等相关资料并对患者进行长期随访.平均随访时间为548天,一级终点为全因死亡率.结果 左室射血分数正常组和左室射血分数降低组在住院期间死亡率差异无统计学意义(x2=2.105,P=0.147),在随访期间累积生存率差异也无统计学意义(log rank统计值2.134,P=0.161).Cox回归分析发现,患者年龄(HR 1.093,95％ CI 1.040 ～1.148,P＜0.001)为影响患者死亡的独立预测因子.结论 影响行血运重建治疗的冠心病合并心衰患者的预后因素为患者年龄;在这些患者中,左室射血分数正常组和左室射血分数降低组患者临床预后相似.     

75岁及以上症状性心力衰竭患者的临床特征与预后的性别差异

目的 分析年龄≥75岁症状性心力衰竭(心衰)患者的临床特征与预后的性别差异.方法 收集年龄≥75岁心衰患者867例,男性467例,女性400例;其中射血分数减低的心衰(HFrEF) 291例,射血分数中间值的心衰(HFmrEF) 339例,射血分数保留的心衰(HFpEF)237例,随访3、6、12、18和24个月,对比...     

高龄心力衰竭患者心功能与甲状腺功能相关性临床研究

目的 探讨高龄心功能衰竭(心衰)患者心功能与甲状腺功能相关性。方法 选取2022年1月至2023年1月于解放军第七医学中心治疗的121例75岁以上有冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)史且符合纽约心功能分级标准的男性心衰患者,按诊断标准分为甲减组、亚临床甲减组、甲状腺功能正常病态综合征(ESS)组及甲状腺功能正常对照组。分析各组患者的纽约心衰分级病例数、百分比以及N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)和脑钠肽(BNP)的检测值;按左室射血分数(LVEF)心衰分级将患者分为射血分数降低的心衰(HFrEF)组、射血分数轻度降低的心衰(HFmrEF)组、射血分数保留的心衰(HFpEF)组、心功能正常对照组,研究各组患者的甲状腺激素水平;分析年龄、心衰相关指标分别与甲状腺功能的相关性。结果 甲状腺功能减低程度越大,纽约心衰分级的级别越高,NT-proBNP和BNP值也越高,其中甲状腺机能减退症组患者纽约心衰分级Ⅳ级者例数百分比最高为41.94%(P<0.01);按LVEF心衰分级分组研究中,HFrEF组患者促甲状腺激素(TSH)值显著高于心功能正常的对照组,而总四碘甲状腺原氨酸(TT     

可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶激动剂治疗射血分数保留性心力衰竭的研究进展

心力衰竭(心衰)发病率、病死率高,是多种心血管疾病的终末阶段,其中射血分数保留性心力衰竭(HFpEF)是一组常见且复杂的临床综合征,约占所有心力衰竭患者的50％.HFpEF预后差,再住院率及死亡率与射血分数降低性心力衰竭(HFrEF)相当.尽管针对HFrEF有了相对完整的指南共识,但目前尚缺乏可真正改善HFpEF患者预...     

床边即时脑利钠肽检测对呼吸困难的诊断价值

目的 探讨床边即时检测脑利钠肽(BNP)对呼吸困难患者的鉴别诊断价值。方法荧光免疫法测定103例呼吸困难患者血浆BNP,心脏超声和漂浮导管法分别测定心脏左室射血分数和肺毛细血管楔压。结果 (1)心力衰竭(心衰)患者血浆BNP水平明显高于非心衰组患者[(716±86)ng／L与(46±7)ng／L,P<0.01];(2)如以100 ng／L为正常参考值,BNP诊断心衰的敏感性为96.8％,特异性为97.6％,排除心衰的阴性预测价值为97.1％;(3)心衰患者BNP水平与肺毛细血管楔压呈正相关(r=0.43,P<0.01),与左室射血分数呈负相关(r=-0.56,P<0.01)。结论 床边即时检测BNP诊断心衰敏感而且特异,可作为急诊呼吸困难鉴别诊断的一个观察指标。     

射血分数保留的心力衰竭的心肌纤维化及炎性相关标志物

心力衰竭(心衰)指心脏结构或功能性疾病所引起的心室收缩和(或)舒张功能障碍.2016年欧洲心脏病学会提出,根据左心室射血分数将心衰细分为射血分数降低的心力衰竭(HFrEF)、射血分数保留的心力衰竭(HFpEF)和射血分数中间值的心力衰竭(HFmrEF)[1].HFpEF患者年龄较大,多伴随糖尿病、心房颤动、高血压、慢性...     

浅谈以左室射血分数分类心力衰竭的局限性

左室射血分数(LVEF)是目前临床研究和临床疾病诊断主要分类标准,以此将心力衰竭(心衰)分为射血分数减低和射血分数保留的心衰(HFrEF和HFpEF),但该分类方法受多种因素影响,过于简单。有必要重新塑造舒张性心衰的病因、病理生理和诊断。     

充血性心力衰竭患者血浆儿茶酚胺水平与心功能的关系

本文报告26例充血性心力衰竭(心衰)患者血浆儿茶(?)胶水平与心功能的关系.结果显示:心衰患者血浆去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素含量增高,且与心衰程度呈正相关。心衰患者血浆去甲肾上腺素水平与左室收缩时间间期舅定的PEP、PEP/LVET比值呈正相关,与LVET量负相关。血浆肾上腺素水平与射血前间期(PEP)、左室射血间期(LVET)、PEP/LVET比值无显著相关。     

河南省住院心力衰竭患者患病特点及诊治现状分析

目的 分析河南省住院心力衰竭(心衰)患者患病特点及诊治现状。方法 横断面选取2018年1月至2021年12月河南省心衰中心联盟45家医院住院的心衰患者20 620例(数据来源于中国心血管健康联盟-心衰中心数据库)。采集所有患者年龄、性别、体质量指数、受教育程度、吸烟史、饮酒史、血压、心率、病因、合并症、症状、体征、左心室射血分数、血钾、血钠、血红蛋白、肌酐、药物及器械治疗情况等资料。结果 河南省心衰患者平均年龄(69.0±13.0)岁;男性比例为56.4%。心衰主要病因中冠心病比例为70.9%、扩张型心肌病比例为8.4%、心脏瓣膜病比例为7.6%,合并症中冠心病比例为76.5%、高血压比例为56.9%、贫血比例为44.6%。平均住院日为10(7,14)d。所有病例中射血分数减低的心衰患者5073例(27.4%)、射血分数中间值的心衰患者4940例(26.7%)、射血分数保留的心衰(HFpEF)患者8519例(46.0%)。与中国心衰中心联盟心力衰竭医疗质量报告(2022年)数据比较,河南省心衰类型分布同样以HFpEF为主;心衰主要病因同为冠心病;心脏再同步治疗除颤器比例、心脏再同步治疗...     

HFpEF啮齿类动物模型的研究进展

心力衰竭(心衰)是各种心脏疾病的终末期状态, 多种机制参与其的发生发展。根据左心室射血分数, 可将心衰分为射血分数降低的心衰(HFrEF)、射血分数轻度降低的心衰(HFmrEF)和射血分数保留的心衰(HFpEF), 其中HFrEF和HFpEF占据了心衰患者的绝大多数。目前HFrEF的动物模型已较为成熟, 而HFpEF的动物模型则尚为缺乏, 这大大限制了有关HFpEF研究的开展。该文汇总了HFpEF啮齿类动物模型的建模方法和实验室检查指标, 并对各模型的优点与不足进行了阐述。     

Risk Factors for Heart Failure: A Population-Based Case-Control Study

Background

The relative contribution of risk factors to the development of heart failure remains controversial. Further, whether these contributions have changed over time or differ by sex is unclear. Few population-based studies have been performed. We aimed to estimate the population attributable risk (PAR) associated with key risk factors for heart failure in the community.

Methods

Between 1979 and 2002, 962 incident heart failure cases in Olmsted County were age and sex-matched to population-based controls using Rochester Epidemiology Project resources. We determined the frequency of risk factors (coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and smoking), odds ratios, and PAR of each risk factor for heart failure.

Results

The mean number of risk factors for heart failure per case was 1.9 ± 1.1 and increased over time (P <.001). Hypertension was the most common (66%), followed by smoking (51%). The prevalence of hypertension, obesity, and smoking increased over time. The risk of heart failure was particularly high for coronary disease and diabetes with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 3.05 (2.36-3.95) and 2.65 (1.98-3.54), respectively. However, the PAR was highest for coronary disease and hypertension; each accounted for 20% of heart failure cases in the population, although coronary disease accounted for the greatest proportion of cases in men (PAR 23%) and hypertension was of greatest importance in women (PAR 28%).

Conclusion

Preventing coronary disease and hypertension will have the greatest population impact in preventing heart failure. Sex-targeted prevention strategies might confer additional benefit. However, these relationships can change, underscoring the importance of continued surveillance of heart failure.     

Prognostic value of baroreflex sensitivity assessed by phase IV of Valsalva manoeuvre in patients with mild-to-moderate heart failure

BACKGROUND: In patients with heart failure, impairment of baroreflex function occurs early and contributes to sympathetic activation, however, at present its prognostic role has not been definitively established. AIMS: To evaluate the prognostic significance of baroceptor impairment in patients with different degrees of heart failure. METHODS: We enrolled 52 consecutive patients with heart failure, referred to our institution for functional evaluation. Twenty-eight suffered from ischemic cardiomyopathy and 26 from dilated cardiomyopathy. Thirteen patients were in NYHA class I, 20 in NYHA class II and 19 in class III. All patients underwent baroreflex assessment by phase IV Valsalva manoeuvre using Finapres finger monitoring of arterial blood pressure, echocardiography [with evaluation of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and mean pulmonary artery pressure] and functional evaluation by cardiopulmonary exercise test and 6-min walk corridor test within 2 days of hospital admission. RESULTS: Mean duration of follow-up was 26 months (range 6-35 months). At baseline, evaluation in 13 patients BRS was normal (>5 ms/mmHg), in 17 moderately impaired (1.5-5 ms/mmHg) and in 22 severely depressed (<1.5 ms/mmHg). Baroreflex function was relatively preserved in patients in NYHA class I (5.1+/-2.5) in comparison to patients in NYHA class II and III (2.1+/-2.3 and 2.08+/-1.9 ms/mmHg, respectively). Of the 52 patients who entered the study at the end of follow-up 15 died of cardiac cause and 5 underwent heart transplantation. Survival free from heart transplantation was 62% in patients with normal baroreflex function, 62% in patients with moderate impairment of baroreflex and 66% in patients with major derangement. NYHA class, LVEF, LVFS and LVEDD were significantly associated with event free survival while baroreflex function was not. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that evaluation of BRS impairment by phase IV Valsalva manoeuvre has limited prognostic value in patients with heart failure.     

合并心脏病的住院孕产妇发生心力衰竭危险因素的分析

目的探讨合并心脏病的孕产妇发生心力衰竭的危险因素。方法回顾分析2008年1月至2013年12月于内江市第一人民医院住院的340例合并心脏病的孕产妇（以下简称＂心脏病孕产妇＂）的临床资料,以孕产期发生心力衰竭患者为观察组,同期未发生心力衰竭的心脏病孕产妇为对照组。采用单因素和多因素Logistic逐步回归法分析心脏病孕产妇发生心力衰竭的危险因素。结果 340例心脏病孕产妇中先天性心脏病132例（38.8%）、风湿性心脏瓣膜病86例（25.3%）、心律失常63例（18.5%）、高血压心脏病33例（9.7%）、围生期心肌病26例（7.6%）。65例（19.1%）患者发生心力衰竭,4例（1.2%）患者死亡。多因素Logistic逐步回归分析：年龄≥35岁、孕前NYHA心功能分级≥Ⅱ级、肺动脉压力〉50 mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）、基础心率〉100次/min、孕前发生心脏事件是心脏病孕产妇发生心力衰竭的独立危险因素,而孕前咨询和产前规律检查是其保护性因素。结论心脏病孕产妇发生心力衰竭受多种因素影响,在临床工作中应针对相应危险因素给予积极的干预措施,以减少心力衰竭的发生。     

慢性心力衰竭患者肾功能恶化的危险因素分析

目的 研究慢性心力衰竭(心衰)患者肾功能恶化的危险因素及其对预后的影响.方法 采用病例对照研究方法,分析与肾功能恶化发生有统计学关联的独立危险因素,同时观察肾功能恶化对预后的影响.结果 住院心衰患者肾功能恶化发生率31%,入院肌酐水平及心功能分级与肾功能恶化的发生独立相关,OR值分别为2.248(95%CI1.088～4.647,P=0.029)和2.485(95%CI1.385～4.459.P＝0.002).发生肾功能恶化的患者住院期间病死率明显高于对照组(16.7%比2.1%,P=0.000),调整混杂因素后,肾功能恶化是死亡的独立危险因素,OR值3.824(95%CI2.452～5.137.P＜0.015).结论 肾功能恶化在住院心衰患者中发生率较高,与住院期间病死率明显相关.入院肌酐水平偏高及心功能差为发生肾功能恶化的独立危险因素.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the risk factors of worsening renal function (WRF) in patients with chronic heart failure ( CHF) and WRF influence on prognosis. Methods A case-control study were undertaken to analyze independent risk factor statistically related to incidence of WRF, and to assess the influence of WRF on prognosis. Results The independent predictors of WRF were creatinine level at admission (OR 2.248,95% CI 1.088-4.647, P = 0.029) and NYHA class on admission ( OR 2.485, 95% CI 1.3854. 459, P = 0.002). The mortality of patient with WRF was obviously higher than that of control group during hospitalization( OR 3. 824,95% CI 2. 452-5. 637 ,P ＜0.015). Conclusions WRF is a common complication among patients hospitalized for CHF, and is obviously associated with mortality during hospitalization. Higher creatinine level and weak heart function are independent risk factors for incidence of WRF of patients with CHF.     

组织多普勒显像评价心衰患者心肌运动

目的应用组织多普勒成像技术评价心力衰竭患者左室内心肌收缩和舒张运动的同步性情况。方法本研究共收入25例正常人和70例心力衰竭患者,心力衰竭患者又根据心电图QRS波群宽度分为三个亚组:窄QRS亚组(QRS宽度小于120ms)23例;QRS中度延长亚组(QRS宽度在120ms至150ms之间)26例;QRS重度延长亚组(QRS宽度大于150ms)21例。应用组织多普勒技术中的组织速度成像,测量左心室各节段长轴方向的收缩达峰时间(TS),舒张早期达峰时间(TE)。计算12节段TS和TE的标准差(TS-SD和TE-SD)和极差(TSmax-min和TEmax-min),评价左心室收缩舒张同步性。结果收缩期同步性指标TS-SD在对照组和心力衰竭三个亚组中分别为18.60(7.89)ms、27.02(11.16)ms、38.37(15.52)ms、47.28(19.06)ms,心力衰竭亚组与对照组相比均有统计学意义,P<0.05。舒张期同步性指标TE-SD在对照组和心力衰竭三个亚组中分别为19.53(6.4)ms、35.40(16.92)ms、45.66(21.22)ms、51.93(27.92)ms,心力衰竭亚组与对照组相比均有统计学意义,P<0.05。三组心力衰竭患者中收缩期收缩失同步的比率分别为39%、62%、76%,与正常对照组相比有明显统计学意义,P<0.001;三组心力衰竭患者中舒张失同步的比率分别为52%、69%、81%,与正常对照组相比有明显统计学意义,P<0.001。结论心力衰     

Low-grade albuminuria and the incidence of heart failure in a community-based cohort of elderly men.

AIMS: To investigate associations of urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) and heart failure (HF) incidence in a community-based sample. METHODS AND RESULTS: In a prospective study of 70-year-old men free from HF at baseline (n = 1106), UAER (from timed overnight samples) was analysed with established risk factors for HF [acute MI before baseline, acute MI during follow-up (modelled as a time-dependent covariate), hypertension, diabetes, left ventricular hypertrophy, smoking, body mass index, and glomerular filtration rate] and more recently described risk factors [high-sensitive C-reactive protein and insulin sensitivity (clamp glucose disposal rate)] as predictors of HF incidence. Ninety-eight participants developed HF during a median follow-up of 9.0 years. In Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for established and novel risk factors for HF, a 1 SD increase in log UAER increased the risk of HF in individuals without anti-hypertensive treatment (hazard ratio 1.49; 95% CI 1.13-1.98; P = 0.005). Furthermore, UAER remained an independent predictor of HF, also in participants without diabetes at baseline or myocardial infarction at baseline or during follow-up. There were no significant associations between UAER and HF incidence in individuals with anti-hypertensive treatment. CONCLUSION: Our observations support the notion that low-grade albuminuria is a marker for subclinical cardiovascular damage that predisposes to future HF in the community.