CBCT评估牙源性炎性疾病与上颌窦黏膜增厚相关性的回顾性分析

目的:用CBCT评估上颌窦黏膜增厚与牙源性炎性疾病之间的关系.方法:回顾性分析572例患者的1144侧上颌窦CBCT影像资料,明确上颌窦和牙齿之间的解剖关系并进行分类.测量并记录上颌窦黏膜及其相关牙齿的临床资料.结果:338例患者(59.1％)单侧或双侧上颌窦黏膜增厚.黏膜增厚与年龄、性别和牙齿缺失之间具有相关性(P<...     

上颌窦分隔致牙源性上颌窦炎误诊1例

患者 ,中年女性。因左上后牙区肿痛 8个月 ,恶臭脓液溢出 6个月就诊。检查见 :左侧面部肿胀 ,左上第二、三磨牙前庭沟底可见一窦口 ,有稀薄、淡黄色脓液溢出 ,恶臭。X线根尖片示 :左上第二、三磨牙根尖骨质弥漫性破坏。瓦氏位片示 :左上颌窦后外侧壁缺损 ,窦壁模糊 ,窦腔致密影 ,下壁可见向外下突出的软组织影 ,较对侧密度高。印象左上颌窦癌可能。CT检查 :左侧上颌窦内密度增高 ,后外侧骨质破坏 ,窦腔末见扩大。印象 :左上颌窦占位性病变 ,恶性肿瘤可能性大。行上颌窦活检术。病理报告 :送检物为骨组织 ,周围有少许神经纤维 ,及较多淋巴…     

上颌窦黏膜增厚的锥形束CT影像分析

目的 运用锥形束CT (CBCT)研究牙源性因素对上颌窦黏膜增厚的影响,同时,通过对上颌窦黏膜增厚的随访,研究口腔治疗的作用。方法 回顾性分析2017年8—12月四川大学华西口腔医院就诊的患者,通过CBCT图像筛选出上颌窦最大黏膜厚度>2 mm的患者,评估上颌窦底及上颌窦黏膜增厚与患牙的关系,同时,记录患牙及其治疗的情况,观察随访前后上颌窦黏膜增厚的变化。结果 黏膜厚度与炎症距窦底的距离呈极弱负相关（P<0.05,r=-0.154）,而根尖距窦底的距离与黏膜厚度无直接相关性（P>0.05）。在治疗组中,窦底破坏组的黏膜厚度变化较窦底连续组大,黏膜厚度变化与根尖距窦底的距离呈弱负相关（P<0.01,r=-0.382）,黏膜厚度变化与炎症距窦底的距离呈中等程度负相关（P<0.001,r=-0.524）。结论 上颌窦炎的严重程度可能更大程度上取决于根尖周炎症边缘距窦底的远近而与单纯的根尖位置没有明显的关系。但从治疗效果来讲,炎症病变离上颌窦越近,上颌窦底越易被破坏,上颌窦炎受牙源性因素影响越大,口腔治疗的效果也越好。     

牙源性中央性颌骨骨髓炎2例CBCT影像学分析

目的通过2例牙源性中央性颌骨骨髓炎的病例分析,回顾牙源性中央性颌骨骨髓炎锥形束CT(cone-beam com-puted tomography,CBCT)的影像学表现。方法对该2例病源牙为左下颌磨牙,疑似牙源性中央性颌骨骨髓炎患者行CBCT检查,明确诊断。结果分别行CBCT检查后,CBCT征象符合牙源性中央性颌骨骨髓炎的影像学表现。结论 CBCT技术的临床应用,对牙源性中央性颌骨骨髓炎的诊断具有重要价值。     

正常人上颌窦CBCT影像学特征分析

目的:通过使用牙科锥形束CT(CBCT),对正常人上颌窦的相关解剖结构进行三维重建及测量,为该区域种植手术方案的制订提供解剖学依据。方法:选取40例符合标准的成年人CBCT影像资料,在选取的截面上对80侧上颌窦内侧壁的长度、上颌窦的宽度及上颌窦内分嵴的情况进行初步观察和测量,采用SPSS 11.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:上颌窦内侧壁平均长度为(30.1±3.9)mm,上颌窦平均宽度为(21.4±5.0)mm,分嵴的总发生率为43/80(53.8%)。结论:牙科CBCT能全面并准确反映上颌窦内部的解剖结构,这些数据对决定上颌窦提升术的术式及避免或降低手术并发症发生率具有重要意义。     

牙源性上颌窦炎病因和治疗的回顾性分析

目的:分析牙源性上颌窦炎的病源牙、病因、治疗方法和预后。方法:整理分析2000年1月~2012年12月年于北京大学口腔医院门诊部颌面外科就诊的牙源性上颌窦炎患者的病例。结果:病例共23例,其中11例(47.7%)的病源牙为上颌第一磨牙,18例(78.3%)的病因为慢性根尖炎,治疗方法是病源牙治疗、药物治疗和鼻窦手术的综合治疗,预后良好。结论:第一磨牙为牙源性上颌窦炎最常见病源牙,慢性根尖炎为最常见病因。综合治疗方法效果良好。     

上颌磨牙缺失患者上颌窦的CBCT影像学特点

目的 :观察上颌磨牙缺失患者上颌窦生理及病理CBCT影像学表现,并分析各类异常的发生率,为种植术前评估提供参考。方法:选择复旦大学附属中山医院口腔科及静安区牙病防治所,2014-01-01—2015-05-01期间,收治的上颌磨牙缺失患者CBCT影像学资料202例,共404侧上颌窦。由2名研究人员对资料进行研究分析,观察项目分为3类:正常上颌窦、上颌窦炎、上颌窦囊肿。测量3种类型病例缺牙区窦嵴距、上颌窦的宽度、外侧骨壁厚度、外侧骨壁血管位置与直径,采用SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析。结果:404侧上颌窦中,正常上颌窦185侧(45.80%);上颌窦炎118侧(29.20%);上颌窦囊肿101侧(25.00%)。结论:上颌窦异常影像诊断发生率最高者为上颌窦炎,其次为上颌窦囊肿;不同上颌窦影像诊断类型间窦嵴距、上颌窦的宽度、外侧骨壁厚度、外侧骨壁血管位置与直径差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。     

牙源性上颌窦炎病因及诊断

牙源性上颌窦炎（OMS）是由牙源性感染和牙科手术等引起,多为单侧上颌窦炎,伴有鼻腔异味或有异常分泌物流出,且对传统上颌窦炎症治疗无效的一类疾病。认清上颌窦炎症的牙源性因素十分重要,如果仅仅治疗上颌窦疾病而忽略牙的诊治,会导致治疗失败。本文就OMS发病率、病因、临床表现及影像学检查作一综述,为其防治提供一定帮助。     

唇腭裂患者上颌窦状况的CBCT评价

目的:使用锥形束CT(CBCT)对唇腭裂患者上颌窦状况进行分析。方法:对四川大学华西口腔医院2012年1～6月收治的用CBCT确诊为唇腭裂的患者进行研究,观察其上颌窦情况并分析。结果:唇腭裂患者上颌窦病变发生率为78.1%。根据病变不同的影像学表现可分为黏膜增厚型(51.3%),粘液囊肿型(19.3%)及积液型(22.7%)。上颌窦黏膜增厚的平均厚度为2.40 mm;粘液囊肿的平均最大径为7.60 mm。上颌窦病变可发生于单侧上颌窦,也可双侧同时发生。结论:CBCT作为一种实用有效的影像学检查,在对患者唇腭裂状况评价的同时,也可以准确地判断唇腭裂患者上颌窦情况。     

上颌窦内壁分隔的 CBCT 观测

目的：通过CBCT观测上颌窦内壁间隔的解剖特点及分布规律。方法：调取苏州口腔医院放射科接受CBCT扫描的汉族患者的CT图像资料360例。 Mimics 17．0软件对上颌窦进行三维重建。对上颌窦间隔的发生率、数目、形态、位置及双侧分布状况进行观测。结果：360例中,上颌窦间隔的人群总发生率为37．8％,双侧发生占34．6％,双侧相关系数tau值为0．357（P＜0.01）。分布位置常位于磨牙区。不同性别组、年龄组、牙列缺失缺损及牙列完整组间发生率的差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论：上颌窦间隔在汉族人具有较高的发生率,了解其解剖特点及分布规律具有重要的临床意义。     

Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of maxillary sinusitis

Introduction

Dental pain originating from the maxillary sinuses can pose a diagnostic problem. Periapical lesion development eliciting inflammatory changes in the mucosal lining can cause the development of a sinusitis. The purpose of this study was to describe the radiographic characteristics of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis as seen on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and to determine whether any tooth or any tooth root was more frequently associated with this disease.

Methods

Eighty-two CBCT scans previously identified as showing maxillary sinus pathosis were examined for sinusitis of odontogenic origin in both maxillary sinuses.

Results

One hundred thirty-five maxillary sinusitis instances with possible odontogenic origin were detected. Of these, 37 sinusitis occurrences were from nonodontogenic causes, whereas 98 instances were tooth associated with some change in the integrity of the maxillary sinus floor. The average amount of mucosal thickening among the sinusitis cases was 7.4 mm. Maxillary first and second molars were 11 times more likely to be involved than premolars, whereas either molar was equally likely to be involved. The root most frequently associated with odontogenic sinusitis is the palatal root of the first molar followed by the mesiobuccal root of the second molar.

Conclusions

Changes in the maxillary sinuses appear associated with periapical pathology in greater than 50% of the cases. Maxillary first or second molar teeth are most often involved, and individual or multiple roots may be implicated in the sinusitis. The use of CBCT scans can provide the identification of changes in the maxillary sinus and potential causes of the sinusitis.     

根尖周病中锥形束CT与根尖片识别病损差异的研究进展

随着影像学技术的进步,锥形束CT（CBCT）作为口腔临床检查的一种辅助手段,已经广泛应用于口腔医学的各个领域。它具有分辨率高、辐射量低、成像迅速、三维重建、失真小、对硬组织成像好等诸多优点。传统的根尖片是以二维图像的形式显示三维物体及其周围结构,仅显示重叠的近远中向骨质破坏,不能显示颊舌向骨质破坏。CBCT作为一种三维成像技术,可以从矢状位、冠状位和轴位显示组织的三维结构,克服了根尖片二维图像重叠、变形等缺陷。CBCT的三维成像技术较传统根尖片具有独特优势,与根尖片相比,CBCT在观察骨质结构和根尖骨质破坏方面具有更高的灵敏度。本文就CBCT与根尖片在根尖病损识别中的差异研究进展作一综述。     

上颌后牙区无牙位点在锥形束CT中的解剖学表现

目的 基于锥形束CT（CBCT）分析上颌后牙区无牙位点的相关骨解剖特点。方法 本项研究共选取了上颌后牙区至少有一个缺牙的100名患者的CBCT图像资料,共217个无牙位点。测量无牙位点的剩余牙槽嵴高度、剩余牙槽嵴宽度和角度A,并分析上颌窦底的形态特点。结果 平均剩余牙槽嵴高度为9.53 mm,其中小于10 mm者占62.67%（136/217）。平均剩余牙槽嵴宽度为9.30 mm,大于6 mm占91.71%（199/217）。磨牙区剩余牙槽嵴高度小于前磨牙区,剩余牙槽嵴宽度呈相反趋势。上颌窦底形态以倾斜型（64.52%）为主。角度A小于30°、30°~60°和大于60°者分别占10.14%、42.40%和47.47%。结论 上颌后牙区缺牙位点进行种植手术前,多数需行上颌窦底提升手术增加骨量,建议根据CBCT检查结果评价上颌窦解剖结构从而制定合理的种植方案。     

Anatomical characteristics of maxillary sinus septa visualized by cone beam computed tomography

Proper implant positioning in the posterior region of the edentulous maxilla commonly requires sinus floor elevation. Maxillary sinus septa increase the risk of membrane perforation during sinus floor elevation. The purpose of this retrospective, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based study was to examine the frequency, number, location, and orientation of antral septa in the maxillary sinus. Further, possible associated factors were assessed. Measurements were performed on CBCT scans of 301 patients (602 sinuses). The data were analysed statistically with respect to patient age, sex, and dentition type. One or more septa were detected in 117 patients (38.9%). A total of 188 septa were found in the 602 sinuses (31.2%). Septa were most often coronally oriented (53.2%), followed by sagittal (24.5%) and transverse (22.3%) orientations. Septa were most often found in the region of the first and second molar (37.2%), followed by the posterior region of the third molar (33.0%) and the anterior region of the premolars and canines (29.8%). A significant association was found between edentulism and the presence of septa. For edentulous patients, the septa were most often transversally oriented. Maxillary sinus septa are encountered in every third patient. This may have an influence on the performance of sinus floor elevation.     

Detection of periapical bone defects in human jaws using cone beam computed tomography and intraoral radiography

Aim  To compare the diagnostic accuracy of intraoral digital periapical radiography with that of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for the detection of artificial periapical bone defects in dry human jaws.
Methodology  Small and large artificial periapical lesions were prepared in the periapical region of the distal root of six molar teeth in human mandibles. Scans and radiographs were taken with a charged couple device (CCD) digital radiography system and a CBCT scanner before and after each periapical lesion had been created. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, negative predictive values and Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curves as well as the reproducibility of each technique were determined.
Results  The overall sensitivity was 0.248 and 1.0 for intraoral radiography and CBCT respectively, i.e. these techniques correctly identified periapical lesions in 24.8% and 100% of cases, respectively. Both imaging techniques had specificity values of 1.0. The ROC Az values were 0.791 and 1.000 for intraoral radiography and CBCT, respectively.
Conclusions  With intraoral radiography, external factors (i.e. anatomical noise and poor irradiation geometry), which are not in the clinician's control, hinder the detection of periapical lesions. CBCT removes these external factors. In addition, it allows the clinician to select the most relevant views of the area of interest resulting in improved detection of the presence and absence of artificial periapical lesions.     

Perforation of the maxillary sinus floor during apical surgery of maxillary molars: A retrospective analysis using cone beam computed tomography

This retrospective analysis assessed a possible correlation of perforation of the maxillary sinus floor during apical surgery of maxillary molars and the distances from the treated apices/periapical radiolucencies to the sinus floor. The material included 168 apical surgeries of maxillary first or second molars performed from 1999 to 2016. In 22 (out of 33) perforation cases, a preoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was available. These cases were defined as the test group. From the pool of operated cases without sinus floor perforation, matching cases – that is, same treated tooth, similar age and same gender – were selected as a control group (N = 26). Mean linear distances from root apices or radiolucencies to sinus floor were significantly shorter in the test group compared to the control group. In conclusion, perforation cases were significantly closer to the sinus floor than cases without perforation.     

Evaluation of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis using cone-beam computed tomography: three case reports

Introduction

Ten to twelve percent of all cases of maxillary sinusitis derive from odontogenic origin. The purpose of this study was to report the use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning in elucidating dental pathology as an etiology of maxillary sinusitis.

Methods

Intraoral periapical radiographs and CBCT scanning were performed in the evaluation of three patients presenting with pain, sinus congestion, or respiratory complaints. In the first case, extractions of impacted third molar and adjacent nonrestorable tooth were performed. In the second two cases, endodontic therapy was done. Radiologic follow-up with CBCT scanning or medical computed tomography scanning was performed 6 to 12 months after dental procedures were performed.

Results

All three patients presented with severe sinusitis that resolved after appropriate dental treatment. The first patient also showed marked improvement of chronic bronchitis after completion of dental treatment. In all patients, complete or near total resolution of sinusitis, including eradication of mucous retention cyst, was confirmed by post-treatment CBCT or computed tomography scanning.

Conclusions

These cases show the utility of CBCT scanning in evaluating patients presenting with concurrent sinus and dental complaints. In these three patients, maxillary sinusitis of odontogenic origin responded well to the eradication of dental etiology.