电子自旋共振检测人体瘢痕疙瘩的初步研究

为探讨自由基对瘢痕疙瘩中胶原沉积的影响，应用电子自旋共振（ＥＳＲ）技术检测了人体瘢痕疙瘩、正常皮肤组织及结缔组织。结果发现瘢痕疙瘩和结缔组织样品中有氧自由基存在，而正常皮肤组织内则未能检测到。文中就氧自由基的产生与瘢痕疙瘩中胶原合成异常的关系进行了探讨，氧自由基清除剂的应用可能有助于防治瘢痕的过度增生。     

电子自旋共振检测人体瘢痕疙瘩的初步研究

为探讨自由基对瘢痕疙瘩中胶原沉积的影响，应用电子自旋共振（ＥＳＲ）技术检测了人体瘢痕疙瘩、正常皮肤组织及结缔组织。结果发现瘢痕疙瘩和结缔组织样品中有氧自由基存在，而正常皮肤组织内则未能检测到。文中就氧自由基的产生与瘢痕疙瘩中胶原合成异常的关系进行了探讨，氧自由基清除剂的应用可能有助于防治瘢痕的过度增生。     

川芎嗪治疗瘢痕疙瘩的临床研究

目的：研究川芭嗪治疗瘢痕疙瘩的疗效。方法：采用自身对照，以川芎嗪局部注射瘢痕疙瘩3个月，测定瘢痕组织硬度的变化及羟脯氨酸的含量。结果：①用药组瘢痕硬度较用药前明显降低（P＜0．01），而对照组瘢痕硬度无明显变化（P＞0．05）。②用药瘢痕组织羟脯氨酸含量明显低于对照组（P＜0．01）。结论：川芎嗪能抑制瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞胶原的合成，使瘢痕软化。川芎嗪治疗瘢痕疙瘩有的临床意义。     

瘢痕疙瘩的免疫学关系

本文单述了瘢痕疙瘩的发病机理。说明免疫系统积极参与瘢痕疙瘩的形成过程。并提出有可能把免疫疗法用于瘢痕疙瘩的治疗。     

瘢痕疙瘩研究和治疗进展

回顾瘢痕疙的病理学、免疫学、组织学研究情况，分析其临床特征，介绍治疗和预防方面的进展。     

胸前瘢痕疙瘩的处理

本文报告一组特殊部位的瘢痕;胸前瘢痕150例,表现为瘢痕疙瘩。认为它的形成与局部张力、性别、年龄以及皮肤的特性有关。我们对不同大小的胸前瘢痕分别采取确炎舒松 A 瘢痕内注射,手术加术后放疗,获得比较满意的效果。     

瘢痕疙瘩不同部位Ⅰ,Ⅲ型前胶原mRNA的原位表达研究

目的基于瘢痕疙瘩浸润，增生和老化部组织形态学上的差异，为了明确瘢痕疙瘩不同部位及正常皮肤Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原ｍＲＮＡ的表达是否存在差异。方法 对４例瘢疙塔和２例正常皮肤通过原位杂交方法，观察了Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原ｍＲＮＡ的表达。     

瘢痕疙瘩的遗传学研究进展

瘢痕疙瘩是整形外科基础研究的重要课题 ,其形成机制迄今尚未完全查明 ,本文就其在遗传方面的研究进展作一综述     

电子线对瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞生物学作用的影响

目的　研究电子线治疗瘢痕疙瘩的机制及其有效的安全剂量。方法　分别用 5 ,10 ,15 ,2 0Gy的电子线照射体外培养的瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞 ,然后观测其生物学效应。结果　 5Gy以上的放射剂量即能抑制成纤维细胞增殖及胶原合成 ,但剂量超过 2 0Gy ,成纤维细胞即被杀死。剂量在 10～ 15Gy之间 ,成纤维细胞Ⅲ型胶原的合成明显增加。结论　 10～ 15Gy的电子线应是安全有效的放射剂量     

瘢痕疙瘩术后电子线放射治疗48例

目的　探讨电子线放射治疗术后瘢痕疙瘩的效果。方法　随访 1994～ 2 0 0 2年间 4 8例(6 5处 )术后瘢痕疙瘩接受电子线放射治疗的患者 ,总照射剂量 2 5Gy ,随访时间均在 18个月以上 ,对治疗结果进行统计学分析和评估。结果　疗效分析表明 ,总复发率为 2 6 1% ,由感染所致瘢痕疙瘩和有家族史的患者复发率偏高 ,分别为 4 7 8%和 5 3 3% (P <0 0 5 )。患者的年龄、性别、病灶大小及解剖位置分布与复发率高低无直接关系。结论　术后电子线放射治疗对于防治瘢痕疙瘩的复发效果较好 ,是一种治疗瘢痕疙瘩安全有效的方法。     

Application of the electron spin resonance technique for quantitative evaluation of the resorption rate of irradiated bone grafts

The electron spin resonance (ESR) technique has been applied to the investigation of the resorption and creeping substitution of radiosterilized (3.3 Mrads dose) bone grafts in rabbits and dogs. The stable ESR signal arising from the radiation-induced structural defect in bone mineral was used as a biological label. the spin concentration and the total number of paramagnetic centres were measured before and after grafting. The gradual decrement of spin concentration as well as that of total number of paramagnetic centres were observed at varioust ime intervals after implantation. On the basis of the unusual stability and lack of chemical reaction of the paramagnetic centres involved, it is concluded that the decrease of the observed ESR signal intensities indicates progressive resorption and substitution. it seems that the proposed method can be useful for research o mineralized tissues.

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Zusammenfassung Zur Erforschung der Resorption und der schleichenden Substitution von radiosterilisierten (Dosis: 3,3 Mrad) Knochentransplantaten bei Kaninchen und Hunden wurde die Technik der elektronischen Drehresonanz (ESR) angewendet. Als biologische Markierung diente das stabile ESR-Signal, welches aufgrund des bestrahlungsbedingten Strukturdefektes im Knochenmineral entsteht. Die Drehkonzentration und die Gesamtzahl der paramagnetischen Zentren wurden vor und nach dem Transplantieren gemessen. In verschiedenen Zeitintervallen konnte nach der Implantierung eine allmähliche Abnahme der Drehkonzentration sowie der Gesamtzahl der paramagnetischen Zentren beobachtet werden. Aus der ungewöhnlichen Stabilität und der fehlenden chemischen Reaktionsfähigkeit der beteiligten paramagnetischen Zentren wird geschlossen, daß die beobachtete abnehmende ESR-Signalintensität ei Zeichen für die zunehmende Resorption und Substitution ist. Es scheint, daß mit der besprochenen Technik eine brauchbare Methode zur Erforschung von mineralisiertem Gewebe zur Verfügung steht.

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Résumé La technique de la résonance aux électrons (ESR) a été utilisée pour étudier la résorption et la substitution progressive de greffons osseux stérilisés par irradiation (à une dose de 3.3 Mrads) chez le lapin et le chien. Le signal stable d'ESR, émis par la perte de substance structurale induite par le rayonnement au niveau du minéral osseux, est utilisé comme marqueur biologique. La concentration de résonance et le nombre total des centres paramagnétiques sont mesurés avant et après greffe. Ue décroissance progressive de la concentration de résonance et du nombre total des centres paramagnétiques est observée après des intervalles de temps variables, faisant suite à l'implantation. En considérant la stabilité inhabituelle et le manque de réactivité chimique des centres paramagnétiques intéressés, il apparait que la décroissance des intensités du signal ESR observé indique une résorption et une substitution progressive. Cette méthode parait intéressante pour des recherches sur les tissues calcifiés.

     

Direct detection of oxygen free radicals produced in the viscera of burned rats using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy

OBJECTIVE: To detect superoxide anion (O(-)(2)) signals in the heart, liver, lung and kidney tissues after burns. METHODS: Twenty-four male rats were randomized into 4 groups. The rats of experimental groups were immersed in 100 degrees C water for 15 seconds and 25% third-degree burn was created. Thoracotomy or laparotomy was performed at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 minutes after burn, and specimens of the heart, lung, liver kidney were obtained for burned rats. The specimens were then preserved in liquid nitrogen for cryo-preservation and detected immediately using EPR. RESULTS: The signals of superoxide O radical appeared in the heart, lung, 1iver and kidney specimens 10-15 minutes after burn. CONCLUSIONS: There is a direct evidence of oxygen free radicals (OFRs) injury to viscera of burned rats between 10-15 minutes after burn.     

Analysis of electron-excess and electron-deficient centers in x-ray-irradiated tricalcium phosphates by electron spin resonance spectroscopy

Summary After X-ray irradiation, new paramagnetic centers were observed in electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and Mg-containing tricalcium phosphate (Mg-TCP) when they were heated at 900°C for 1 h before irradiation. Heated ACP shows a single resonance signal atg=2.0005 in place of the hyperfine doublet of the PO ₄ ²⁻ ion radical, which is the dominant species in the ESR spectrum of unheated ACP. A similar signal is observed in the heated Mg-TCP. Treatment with electron scavengers (Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺) and hole scavengers (Ce³⁺) suggests that the single resonance signal can be ascribed to a trapped electron. Comparison between the ESR spectra before and after annealing indicates that in the case of the heated ACP such a signal is most likely connected with a localized unpaired electron close to the calcium; on the other hand, in the case of the heated Mg-TCP the signal is connected with the localized electron close to the magnesium. In addition, new sets of signals are observed in those heated samples. Their hyperfine splittings are 612 and 713 gauss for the heated ACP, and 589 and 683 gauss for the heated Mg-TCP. Those new sets of signals are found to be ascribed to the trapped holes close to two magnetically distinct sites of phosphorus nuclei in the crystal lattice ofβ-tricalcium phosphate. Treatment with deuterium oxide strongly indicates that hydrogen atoms originate from adsorbed water molecules, although their half-life is a matter of months even at room temperature.     

实验性脂肪栓塞脑组织中氧自由基的变化

本文通过复制家兔脂肪栓塞模型,应用电子自旋共振(ESR)波谱仪检测脑组织中氧自由基信号强度,与对照组比较.发现实验组在脂肪栓塞后氧自由基信号显著增强(P<0.025),提示:脂肪栓塞后肺的缺血、炎症变化可以产生大量氧自由基,继而加重脑组织损伤.     

儿茶素治疗黄褐斑疗效观察及机理初探

目的为治疗黄褐斑寻找一种新的方法。方法口服及外用儿茶素，并检测治疗前后患者血中过氧化脂质（ＬＰＯ）、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、还原型谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨＰｘ）。结果儿茶素治疗效果与复方氢醌霜组接近（Ｐ＞０．０５），治疗前血浆ＬＰＯ较正常人显著增高（Ｐ＜０．０１），氧自由基清除剂水平相对降低，治疗后ＬＰＯ水平显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），氧自由基清除剂水平增高。结论儿茶素可通过调节氧自由基系统，提高机体抗氧化能力来减轻色素沉着。儿茶素为天然产物，无毒副作用，对皮肤无刺激，是治疗黄褐斑较有前景的一种物质。     

小分子干扰RNA抑制CyclinD 1表达诱导瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞凋亡研究

目的 探讨RNA干扰阻断细胞周期蛋白DI(CyclinDl)基因表达后,对瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞细胞周期和细胞增殖、凋亡的影响.方法 针对CyclinDl基因设计并合成特定的小分子干扰RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA)转染入瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞,测定CyelinDl mRNA水平,流式细胞术分析细胞周期,FITC-Annexin V/PI细胞平均百分率为凋亡检测试剂盒检测细胞凋亡情况.DNA梯型观察凋亡细胞DNA变化.结果 特异性siRNA能在mRNA水平下调成纤维细胞的CyclinDl基因的表达.转染特异性siRNA 24、48、72 h后,Gl期细胞平均百分率分别为(59.80±3.06)%、(66.01±4.03)%和(67.43±5.35)%,高于对照组(54.50±5.35)%;S期细胞平均百分率为(18.40±1.42)%、(17.21±1.76)%和(11.07±1.00)%,低于对照组(22.33±1.49)%.细胞凋亡率分别为(7.82±0.45)%、(15.71±1.06)%、(18.32±1.08)%.均显著高于对照组(0.68±0.12)%,细胞DNA断裂成片段状.结论 特异性siRNA分子能够抑制细胞CyclinDl基因的表达,使细胞阻滞于Gl期,并诱导细胞凋亡,为应用RNA干扰技术治疗瘢痕疙瘩提供了初步实验依据.     

Electron spin resonance investigation of laser and heated metal-tip–induced free radical formation in various tissues

The short-lived free radical formation accompanying laser irradiation and laser-heated metal tip contact was examined using electron spin resonance (ESR) spin-trap methodology. Various tissues (canine myocardium, human aorta, liver, and spleen) were irradiated by argon-ion (continuous wave [CW] and pulse) and YAG (CW) lasers employing both naked fiber and a laser-heated metal tip. All showed the formation of primarily carbon-centered, not oxygenated, free radicals, together with some minor unidentified species. This implies that the backbones of amino acids, lipids, or other biological building blocks are cleaved during the irradiation or thermal treatment. Different tissues produce similar radicals but with different amounts when irradiated by argon-ion, YAG, and laser-heated metal tip sources. The amount of the free radicals formed depends on the laser power (within 5–15 W). Compared to the naked fiber, the laser-heated metal tip shows the generation of at least twice the amount of free radicals. The possible relationship of the free radical formation to tissue injury is briefly discussed.