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近三十年研究结果表明,丰富的海洋生物存在大量具有结构多样性和新颖性的代谢产物,并表现出显著的生物活性,这是陆地生物无可比拟的,也为新药研究与开发提供了大量的模式结构和药物前体。海洋生物资源是一个潜在巨大的新药来源的宝库已成为一种共识。多年来重大疾病如肿瘤、心脑血管病、艾滋病和神经疾病等的蔓延,严重威胁着人类健康和社会发展,急待研发一批高效低毒的特效药物。从天然资源中寻找具有显著生物活性的天然产物仍然是发现新药先导化合物的主要途径。故加强从天然药用资源中发现治疗人类重大疾病的创新药物研究,具有其特殊的重要性和迫切性。 相似文献
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天然产物中先导化合物的发现与优化 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文对从天然产物中发现先导化合物的思路及先导化合物的优化方法作了简单论述。指出从天然产物中发现有活性的化合物,将仍然是先导物发现甚至是创制药物的重要组成部分。 相似文献
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苔藓植物生物活性成分研究进展 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
苔藓植物在分类学上介于藻类植物和维管束植物之间,依据形态可分为苔纲、藓纲和角苔纲3类,近年来的研究表明苔藓植物是具有生物活性天然产物的巨大宝库。综述了从苔藓植物中发现的具有各种生物学活性的天然化合物,主要包括细胞毒性、细胞生长抑制、诱导细胞凋亡、抗微生物、昆虫拒食、杀软体动物、毒鱼、致敏、抗凝血、神经生长促进、骨骼肌松弛、强心、自由基清除和酶抑制等活性。许多活性显著的化合物可以作为先导化合物,对新药研究与开发具有重要意义。 相似文献
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现代生物技术在海洋药用生物资源开发中的应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以生物技术(BT)为核心的现代高技术在海洋药用生物资源的研究开发领域内发挥着越来越重要的作用,各种“组学”研究技术、基因工程以及生物转化等技术已被广泛应用于海洋药用生物资源的鉴定、天然活性成分的分离纯化和筛选以及海洋药物研究的各个领域中本文就各种现代生物技术在海洋药用生物资源开发以及海洋天然活性产物研究中的应用情况,结合相关实验室的工作进行介绍,并就其研究前景进行了初步的分析和预测. 相似文献
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在复杂疾病的治疗过程中,发现使用单靶点药物治疗越来越难得到预期的疗效。基于系统生物学和网络药理学的发展,对于复杂疾病的发病机制和病理过程的研究更加深入透彻,发现使用多靶点药物治疗复杂疾病能够克服单靶点药物的许多缺陷。多靶点药物包括多组分多靶点药物和单组分多靶点药物,而单组分多靶点药物较多组分多靶点药物更有优势。艾滋病的治疗是当今世界难题,先后采用单靶点药物和多组分多靶点联合用药(高效抗逆转录疗法)治疗艾滋病,但是由于病毒的高度变异性和药物严重的毒副作用制约了2种疗法的广泛应用,因此开发低毒、高效的单组分多靶点抗免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)药物成为治疗艾滋病的重要方向。抗HIV-1单组分多靶点药物主要通过合理药物设计合成或筛选得到,其中天然产物来源广泛,种类繁多,不乏抑制HIV-1的活性化合物,是发现抗HIV-1多靶点先导化合物的重要途径。对天然产物来源的具有多靶点抗HIV-1活性的化合物进行了综述。 相似文献
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Four different types of marine natural compounds isolated from tunicates were found to inhibit human aldose reductase. They all are characterized by a heterocyclic system, and at least two phenolic groups are present in the structure. Two of the compounds tested showed an inhibitory potency 5/6-fold higher than that of the known AR inhibitor sorbinil. One notable structural feature of these active compounds is the lack of either the carboxylic acid or the spiro-hydantoin commonly present in the principal classes of currently used inhibitors. 相似文献
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海洋天然产物的高效发现与成药性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
海洋天然产物是现代海洋药物的泉源,但其先导性强、成药性弱。如何快速、高效地发现新的活性海洋天然产物并进行成药性优化是海洋创新药物研发的重要思路。为此,从海洋天然产物的生源与特点、其特异生产力海洋微生物及其丰产与优产策略、海洋天然产物的成药性改造等方面进行探讨,并提出了相关建议。 相似文献
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Berlinck RG Hajdu E da Rocha RM de Oliveira JH Hernández IL Seleghim MH Granato AC de Almeida EV Nuñez CV Muricy G Peixinho S Pessoa C Moraes MO Cavalcanti BC Nascimento GG Thiemann O Silva M Souza AO Silva CL Minarini PR 《Journal of natural products》2004,67(3):510-522
Brazil is blessed with a great biodiversity, which constitutes one of the most important sources of biologically active compounds, even if it has been largely underexplored. As is the case of the Amazon and Atlantic rainforests, the Brazilian marine fauna remains practically unexplored in the search for new biologically active natural products. Considering that marine organisms have been shown to be one of the most promising sources of new bioactive compounds for the treatment of different human diseases, the 8000 km of the Brazilian coastline represents a great potential for finding new pharmacologically active secondary metabolites. This review presents the status of marine natural products chemistry in Brazil, including results reported by different research groups with emphasis on the isolation, structure elucidation, and evaluation of biological activities of natural products isolated from sponges, ascidians, octocorals, and Opistobranch mollusks. A brief overview of the first Brazilian program on the isolation of marine bacteria and fungi, directed toward the production of biologically active compounds, is also discussed. The current multidisciplinary collaborative program under development at the Universidade de S?o Paulo proposes to establish a new paradigm toward the management of the Brazilian marine biodiversity, integrating research on the species diversity, ecology, taxonomy, and biogeography of marine invertebrates and microorganisms. This program also includes a broad screening program of Brazilian marine bioresources, to search for active compounds that may be of interest for the development of new drug leads. 相似文献
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Bioactive marine natural products, with emphasis on handling of water-soluble compounds 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Y Shimizu 《Journal of natural products》1985,48(2):223-235
Recent progress in separation techniques has enabled us to work with water-soluble components which, more often than not, are responsible for biological activities found in marine organisms. Isolation techniques and chemical and biological aspects of water-soluble marine natural products will be discussed with some representative examples. 相似文献
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Didemnins and tunichlorin: novel natural products from the marine tunicate Trididemnum solidum 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
K L Rinehart V Kishore K C Bible R Sakai D W Sullins K M Li 《Journal of natural products》1988,51(1):1-21
Didemnins A, B, and C, cyclic depsipeptides previously reported by our laboratory from the Caribbean tunicate Trididemnum solidum, have now been synthesized and, in the process, their structures have been revised to include the new amino acid (3S,4R,5S)-isostatine,C2H5CH(CH3)CHNH2CHOHCH2COOH. All other isomers of isostatine have also been prepared. Didemnin B is currently in Phase II clinical trials as an anticancer agent, and the antineoplastic activity, as well as the antiviral and immunosuppressive activities, of the didemnins are reviewed. A highly unusual porphynoid has also been isolated from T. solidum. The compound has been named tunichlorin and is apparently the first nickel-containing chlorin (and only the second nickel-containing porphyrin-related compound) identified from a living organism. 相似文献
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Two novel piperidinol metabolites, corydendramines A (1) and B (2), have been isolated from the marine hydroid Corydendrium parasiticum. The structures of these compounds, which deter feeding by a potential hydroid predator, were determined by interpretation of their spectral data. 相似文献